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The sustainable evolution of international transport corridors is imperative to meet the dual challenges of growing global transportation demands and pressing environmental concerns. This paper delves into the potential of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) as a transformative tool to achieve the green objectives set for international transport corridors. Drawing from systems theory, in the paper a mathematical framework to model the nexus between conventional transport mechanisms and green transformation goals is proposed. Paper describes taxonomy of main directions for ITS oriented on green transformation of transport corridor and roadmap of such transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The access to common-pool resources, i.e. to resources in limited common property, are legally distributed in a far more diverse way than limited private property resources. In transportation, a critical case for common-pool resources appear in Green Transport Corridors (GTC), that has been coined by European Union as being «sustainable logistics solutions for cargo transportation' with a shared pool of resources aiming for multimodal trans-shipment routes with a concentration of freight traffic between significant hubs». Although there are already existing implementations of GTC concepts, there are still a lot of open questions concerning GTC governance and ownership models hindering easy marketing of the GTC approach. This paper discusses how and to which extent smart contracts in combination with blockchain technology as innovative solutions are able to facilitate GTC governance and how smart contracts can be applied to provide legal certainty by managing and allocating distributed access to common-pool resources. Smart contracts can be considered as computerised transaction protocols for the execution of underlying legal contracts, and they do not only target reducing transaction costs by realising trackable and irreversible transactions through blockchain technology for distributed databases, but also show high potential to strengthen cooperative business structures and to facilitate the entrepreneurial collaboration of cross-organisational business processes. From a legal perspective, it is controversial whether the use of smart contracts to distribute access to resources in terms of both general common-pool resources. GTCs implies an added value automatically for legal certainty and fair balance among different forms and degrees of access granted to different members of the cooperative. In cases of incorrect performance, change of circumstances or unduly induced contracts smart contracts fall considerably short on the protection of weaker parties, which the paper illustrates at the example of GTCs to be a decisive detriment of the cooperative members. The paper analyses these potentials and risks of smart contracts for the case of GTCs and showcases from both business and legal perspective in terms of their potential as viable means of distributing access to common-pool resources comprising infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In its White Paper on “A Sustainable Future of Transport”, the European Commission promoted the idea of green transport corridors (GTCs) by establishing trans-shipment routes with concentration of freight traffic between major hubs. GTCs reduce environmental and climate impact of the traffic on these relatively long distances of transport while increasing safety and efficiency with the application of sustainable logistics solutions. The Baltic Sea Region (BSR) enjoys a vanguard position in the development and realisation of green transport concepts within Europe.

The Green Corridor concept represents a cornerstone in the development and implementation of integrated and sustainable transport solutions based on trans-nationality, multi-modality and a high involvement of public and private stakeholders, including the political level. Despite the fact that the Green Transport Corridor (GTC) concept is founded on the three dimensions of sustainability with a strong emphasis on environmental aspects, the corridor hubs as well as the whole transport corridors have to find ways to handle and transport dangerous goods by keeping the high sustainability standards.

The green transport corridor concept represents a cornerstone in the development of integrated and sustainable transport solutions. Important properties of green corridors are their transnational character and their high involvement of large numbers of public and private stakeholders, including political level, requiring sophisticated approaches for implementation, management and governance. The current scientific discussion focusses on Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for monitoring and management of green transport corridor performance emphasizing the operational aspects.

Green transport corridors represent trans-shipment routes with a concentration of freight traffic between major hubs and long distances of transport marked by reduced environmental and climate impact. Important characteristics of green corridors are their network structures, their transnational character and their high involvement of public and private stakeholders, including political level requiring new governance models. Network-oriented controlling of green transport corridors require new concepts and instruments concentrating on multi-dimensional evaluation of collective strategies and processes in an international environment with a focus on cross-company aspects.

The paper presents tendency analysis for advanced technologies. Advanced technologies – is an area having different acceptability and local adaptation levels in different countries, thus it is particularly important to be acquainted with its application possibilities and techniques. Contributing to a more efficient use of existing transport infrastructure, AT becomes a powerful tool in improving mobility conditions and optimizing transport activities. The importance of advanced technologies application in different modes of transport is examined. The functionality of advanced technologies application in different modes of transport is indicated and all elements of the transport system are taken into account. Relational database structures are provided; aspects of information and communications, multi-stage transport chains are distinguished. The optimal functionality of road transport and port interaction is particularly important in freight transportation by green transport corridors where transport modes are combined and activities are coordinated. The carried-out analysis of advanced technologies application possibilities in freight transportation by green transport corridors indicated that issues must be explored and solutions are to be suggested. On the basis of these solutions, it is possible to make the efficient use of freight delivery (exportation) by road transport to (from) the seaport. For this purpose, efficiency analysis model of road transport and port interaction while developing freight transportation by green corridors is suggested. The developed model provides an opportunity to evaluate how efficiently road transport is employed in the green corridors, where cargo is transported to/from the seaport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Green Corridor concept represents a cornerstone in the development and implementation of integrated and sustainable transport solutions based on trans-nationality, multi-modality and a high involvement of public and private stakeholders, including the political level. Hence, the implementation and management of a Green Transport Corridor is connected with a variety of risks due to the high level of complexity and the strong frame conditions of the concept. E.g. stakeholders' violation of ecological and sustainable obligations might jeopardize the achievement of defined green targets and therefore hinder the implementation of a Green Transport Corridor system. for this reason, it is important to regard possible risks in advance in order to apply adequate measures and reduce the impact in time. The paper addresses the research questions what kind of risks might occur in Green Transport Corridors and how they can be classi- fied. The empirical results of this paper investigate the risks that might occur in Green Transport Corridors and classify them into the three categories economical, ecological and social risks. Based on this analysis the development of a comprehensive risk management concept for Green Transport Corridors has been started. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the White Paper on Transport 2011 the European Commission stressed the concept of green transport corridors, i.e. transshipment routes with concentration of freight traffic between major hubs and by relatively long distances of transport marked by reduced environmental and climate impact while increasing safety and efficiency with application of sustainable logistics solutions. Green transport is based on inter-modality, powerful logistics hubs and advanced ICT-systems improving traffic management, increase efficiency and better integrate the logistics components of a corridor. Sustainable hub development along the transshipment routes of green corridors is one of the major tasks of green corridors in order to safeguard and meet the necessary corridor performance for the current and future transport demand. The main corridor hubs represent logistics clusters in the sense of Yossi Sheffi, comprising ports, logistics centers and other transshipment nodes. The paper will present results about the development of core logistics clusters representing hubs in green transport corridors and it will indicate actions for hub development with a future-oriented compilation of sustainable development measures of infrastructural, legal or organizational nature. Since the author took part in some important green transport corridor initiatives around the Baltic Sea, including "East-West Transport Corridor (EWTC II)" initiative, representing the first European project which delivered a green corridor manual formulating recommendations and requirements of green transport corridors to European level, some case studies from EWTC project will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the EU White Paper on Transport 2011 the emphasis was laid on green transport corridors, i.e. transhipment routes with concentration of freight traffic between major hubs and by relatively long distances of transport marked by reduced environmental and climate impact while increasing safety and efficiency with application of sustainable logistics solutions. Green transport is based on inter-modality and advanced ICT-systems improving traffic management, increase efficiency and better integrate the logistics components of a corridor. Until today only the first steps have been realised in the implementation of green corridor concepts, so that concrete requirements and frame conditions for ICT-systems of green corridors are described on conceptual basis. Baltic Sea Region (BSR) enjoys a vanguard position in the development and realisation of green transport concepts in Europe and some research projects delivered already the first results for the requirements of ICT-systems supporting green transport corridors. Of special importance is the EU initiative "East-West Transport Corridor (EWTC II)" since for the first time a green corridor manual has been presented formulating recommendations and requirements of green transport corridors to European level. The authors took part in some important green transport corridor initiatives around the Baltic Sea, including EWTC project, and were involved in related research activities. This paper aims at pointing out the current status and the future direction of ICT-systems for green transport corridors, especially under the viewpoint of secure and sustainable green corridor management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the trend towards European green initiatives in the transport sector. The introduction of green logistics management and green policy in Europe has been analysed to understand better the positive impact of green policy on environment, society and economy. With the most recent EU initiatives in the field of green logistics, intermodality has become the platform for green logistics development in the EU. This stimulated a complete study of the case of South East Europe. The perspective of intermodal infrastructure development, the use of intermodality and the environmental impact of the transport sector has been analysed to build an appropriate model for a macro green logistics strategy for South East Europe, where Green transport corridors should be exposed as the main goal. In our proposal of a seven-pillar strategy, all parties, including governmental institutions, manufacturing industry and logistics operators, should take an active part, enabling industry to co-create a macro transport development in the region and to influence future legislation of green issues in the transport sector, with an aim to establish Green transport corridors till 2020. There is a strong need to regulate green logistics issues in the region of South East Europe; therefore, additional studies and proposals will be necessary in the future.

This article describes the trend towards European green initiatives in the transport sector. The introduction of green logistics management and green policy in Europe has been analysed to understand better the positive impact of green policy on environment, society and economy. With the most recent EU initiatives in the field of green logistics, intermodality has become the platform for green logistics development in the EU. This stimulated a complete study of the case of South East Europe. The perspective of intermodal infrastructure development, the use of intermodality and the environmental impact of the transport sector has been analysed to build an appropriate model for a macro green logistics strategy for South East Europe, where Green transport corridors should be exposed as the main goal. In our proposal of a seven-pillar strategy, all parties, including governmental institutions, manufacturing industry and logistics operators, should take an active part, enabling industry to co-create a macro transport development in the region and to influence future legislation of green issues in the transport sector, with an aim to establish Green transport corridors till 2020. There is a strong need to regulate green logistics issues in the region of South East Europe; therefore, additional studies and proposals will be necessary in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]