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Discourse about, and the preparation of teachers regarding, the inclusion of all students has been lacking in Latin America broadly, including Chile. The purpose of this study was to examine the perspectives of physical education teacher education (PETE) faculty members and undergraduate students on inclusion and social justice in Chile. Grounded in social constructionism, the research design of this qualitative inquiry was descriptive multiple case study. The 16 participants were PETE faculty—that is, two assistant professors and one adjunct faculty member (n = 3) and three heads of programs (n = 3)—as well as undergraduate students (n = 10) across three PETE programs in Chile. The primary data sources were 12 individual semistructured interviews with heads of the program and faculty and three focus group interviews with undergraduate students across programs. The qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis to draw on different themes capturing the perspectives on inclusion and social justice within the Chilean physical education curriculum. Findings were presented through themes and subthemes across PETE programs. Three major discussion themes are presented: (a) disability framed within a deficit model, (b) inclusion as an adapted pedagogical practice, and (c) inclusion as a rights-based model for equality of opportunities. We conclude, analytically, that a lack of critical critique of the deficit model of disability, adapted pedagogical practices alone, and sameness manifests forms of marginalization to students with disabilities in physical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article contributes to explaining the rise of labor unrest in Egypt in the early 2000s, led initially by public-sector workers. Using two case studies in textile and transport, the author shows that perceptions of sector potential affected workers' ability to protest and compensated for the decline in their sectors' roles in the economy. The perceptions of underutilization due to corruption and to sector viability based on squandered profits help explain workers' militancy and capacities to mount an extended protest campaign. These perceptions build on discourses that critique the state's adoption of neoliberal policies associated with privatization. Workers could develop these perceptions because their sectors still played a role in the economy despite their decline. The analysis contributes to the Power Resource Approach by showing how perceptions of sector potential enhance capacities among Global South workers in declining sectors. To explain labor unrest, the author engages labor scholarship on Egypt that focuses on grievances rather than on workers' economic position and sources of power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research investigates integrated water management with complex socio-environmental interactions in worsening climate change scenarios. The proposed methodology involves the integration of Atmosphere–Ocean General Circulation Models (AOGCM) with Water Evaluation and Planning models (WEAP) to ensure water availability in the future. Two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP) integrate environmental, socioeconomic, and political elements under climate change scenarios with greater rainfall variability, extreme droughts, and floods in the metropolitan area of Morelos, located in the Center of México. Water availability in this region, along with population growth, industrialization, service activities, and agriculture, depends on forest conservation in the Ravines System of Northwest Morelos (RSNM). Public policy lacks interdisciplinary socio-environmental development, which prioritizes unsustainable economic growth overexploiting aquifers and polluting rivers. Official data from national and state governments do not reflect water conditions, and aquifer statistics date back decades. The majority of the analyzed models predict a delay in the monsoon, higher temperatures, extreme climate events, depletion of groundwater, and severe water scarcity during the hot months, rendering them unable to meet the increasing demand. This research provides valuable insights into the complex socioeconomic dynamics of a region with future water scarcity, which could be useful for similar conditions in the Global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The limited electoral success of pro-Revolution forces during the Arab uprisings is often attributed to their weak political and organizational resources. Yet, in the first round of Egypt’s historic 2012 presidential elections, pro-Revolution candidates Hamdin Sabahi and Abdel-Monim Abul-Futuh jointly outperformed both the ‘old regime’ and Muslim Brotherhood contenders, with Sabahi nearly reaching the runoff. Drawing on extensive fieldwork across Egypt between 2012 and 2013, this article examines how the campaigners of these two candidates translated the Revolution’s core ideals of freedom and social justice. It introduces the notion of citizenship imaginaries to capture how campaigners communicated these ideals across divergent experiences and narratives of relating to the state. It argues that the two campaigns—differently—compensated for their weaknesses by aligning their messaging with dominant imaginaries in three important ways: downplaying appeals to democracy and radical change except when engaging “cultured voters”; advancing a vague but credible pro-poor stance; and adapting appeals traditionally tied to the two more powerful political forces: stability, Islamism and patronage. By linking resources, imaginaries and the agency of social movement actors, the article offers new perspectives on electoral dynamics and the strategic communication of mobilization frames, especially in transitional and global South contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women rugby players are participating in the sport at the highest levels to date. However, despite this increase in participation, sports sciences and sports medicine/sports physiotherapy (SEMS) research output has not mirrored this increase. Females have hormonally mediated anatomical and physiological profiles, which may have implications for rugby performance, injury risk and rehabilitation outcomes. However, hormonal fluctuations and the physiological differences between the sexes are not the only contributors to sex‐related differences in the rugby experience. Rugby is a highly gendered environment, which operates within a hegemonic masculine norm and marginalises female and women athletes. Further, while women players in general are underrepresented in sports sciences and SEMS research, women rugby players and experts from ethnic minorities and the Global South are near invisible in the literature as they are marginalised on multiple fronts. Sports sciences and SEMS research should take an intersectional lens to investigate the joint relationship between the various sources of inequity in rugby. Intersectional research in women rugby players would encourage the conceptualisation and analysis of the complex social inequalities that the most marginalised women players and those who simultaneously negotiate multiple identities experience. Such data can better inform federation‐level interventions and policy changes to address the needs of historically marginalised player populations as our research portfolio will be more representative of the world's rugby population. Highlights: Women's rugby participation has increased globally. However, despite this increase in female participation, sports sciences and sports and exercise medicine/sports physiotherapy research output has not mirrored this increase in participation.The physiological differences between males and females are not the only contributors to sex‐related differences in injury risk, performance or rehabilitation outcomes. The gendered environment, which privileges men and marginalises women, also contributes to these differences.Intersectional rugby research moves beyond the outlook of a strictly biomedical approach to injury, rehabilitation and performance and offers a unique perspective on the broader social, institutional, material and discursive contexts in which the most marginalised women players and those who simultaneously negotiate multiple minority identities participate in rugby. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay addresses the undertheorized three-decade engagement of US Puerto Rican poet Víctor Hernández Cruz with North Africa. In his poems on Egypt, the author argues that Cruz's particular brand of south–south engagement is excluded from cosmopolitan theory—one that tends to privilege either a Latin American elite or US American mobility. Yet Cruz's nostalgia for Egyptian antiquity goes as far as to unsettle major conceptions of modernity, especially in his book of poems Beneath the Spanish (2017). By privileging North African epistemologies, Cruz's poetry challenges the internalization of whiteness for a Latinx population. But part of the issues that arise with this valorization is that Cruz's poetry draws from a Cold war-era nostalgia of internationalist (or "Nasserist") rhetoric, and other forms of Egyptian neoliberal nationalisms that complicate Cruz's particular brand of cosmopolitanism. Despite these complications, Cruz's transatlantic engagement is distinct in its Global South formulations and expands notions of what it means to be a cosmopolitan in the twenty-first century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research note highlights emerging findings that speak to the challenges of joining the transnational elite, particularly for those coming from the Global South. For a longitudinal study of wealth inheritors becoming more transnational via their educational paths, we spoke with 16 young people who were all in their early 20s and primarily from economic elite families in the Global South. Some participants had clear ambitions, while others were less sure about their future, wondering where they should move and what they should do when they got there. Their various narratives reveal that underlying the possibilities and problems of where to locate themselves was our participants' access to different constellations of economic, social and cultural capital, as well as their race, citizenship and 'home' country's geopolitical situation. Their parents' ambitions that they become part of a global elite remained in most cases largely unfulfilled—despite a significant economic investment in their secondary and university educations. Only a small minority of our participants aspired to and/or were able to secure such transnational futures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Debates on urban infrastructures in the global South have suggested that heterogeneous infrastructures may help improve urban electricity access yet also raise equality concerns. However, neither the urban inequalities associated with such electricity access nor how those inequalities play out in different urban neighbourhoods has been systematically studied. To better understand how electricity access develops in the context of heterogeneity, we examine five urban neighbourhood types in Mozambique's Greater Maputo region, where heterogeneous electricity constellations provide some access to critical services yet have been unable to advance equal access to electricity. Connectivity is increasing at city level, but affordability and reliability are compromised in some neighbourhoods, and negative health, safety, and environmental impacts are observed in others. To accelerate equal electricity access throughout the city more attention must be paid to reducing trade-offs between different access dimensions that affect specific user groups in different settlements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose study was to examine the process, results, factors affecting the development process of the Hat Yai urban agricultural network for food security, Hat Yai District, Songkhla Province, Thailand, using qualitative research. Participant observation, in-depth interviews, group discussions, and inductive data analysis were conducted. Data were collected from thirty-one participants. The study found that the process of agricultural network development consists of three stages: network formation, seeking cooperation, learning and integration. The results are reflected at the individual, group, and network levels, linking them to the sustainable development dimension. The positive factors affecting the development process are the urban context, common goals, organisational culture, management, and building trust. The negative factors include the nature of Hat Yai urban residents in the context of developing countries, resource inadequacy, and public policy. The recommendations involve having holistic and targeted local public policy regarding urban agriculture to establish sustainable urban food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the extent to which (quasi-)colonial ties played a role in the procurement of jet aircraft by airlines in the Global South. Because we do not have access to archival data on the sensitive issue of aircraft procurement, we take an indirect empirical approach. Our investigation is based on a dataset including all Western jet aircraft delivered between 1952 and 1989. We ask if, to what extent, and how long airlines from former British, French, Dutch, and US (quasi-)colonies tended to buy jets from their former or, respectively, most recent colonial master. We compare the (ex-ante) expected geographical distribution of politically unbiased jet deliveries to the (ex-post) actual historical and potentially biased distribution. We find that colonial ties to former colonial masters from Europe especially mattered until the early/mid-1970s when, triggered by the two oil price crises, pure economic motives gained more significance in informing procurement decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender considerations have been part of climate change adaptation planning in the Global South for the last two decades. Despite this, studies have reported a gap in understanding how organisations incorporate people's diverse experiences of climate risks into planning and implementing adaptation strategies, particularly for women disproportionately impacted by climate risks. Taking the case of Bangladesh, this study contributes to this knowledge gap by exploring the representation of power in organisational decision‐making arenas concerning adaptation planning. The investigation involved an analysis of five major national adaptation guidelines and 22 projects conducted in Bangladesh, in addition to in‐depth interviews with 36 development practitioners. This article argues that adaptation planning is a top‐down organisational process in Bangladesh. Decisions are undertaken in 'inner circles' involving experts, bureaucrats and top officials of major national NGOs and often fail to include the voices of diverse social groups affected by intersecting inequalities, including ethnicity, disability, religion, locality and, in particular, gender. The study elaborates on the need for a major change to planning and decision‐making processes to achieve adaptation planning and strategies that effectively reflect women's diversified and localised realities and allow them to respond to climate risks adequately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how informal sports are relevant to consider within discussions of informal settlements in Mumbai, India. A maidan is an open space, non-designated or designated by the state. In Mumbai, these spaces exist in secure housing societies and insecure neighbourhoods like informal settlements. This study draws from an open space outside a mosque in Dharavi, Mumbai. Based on fieldwork and archival research, understanding of informal open spaces and their extension to community participation and activities that build social capital in informal settlements is informed. Building on how these are sites of simultaneity, a feature of urban transformation, where securing of this place by community for mosque, and later for philanthropic and entrepreneurial activities, happen alongside everyday experience of violence faced by communities. As these communities evolve, how does informal open space change its meaning, adjusting and reflecting the neighbourhood's aspirations. The neighbourhood has seen shifts in notions of security, usefulness of the place for people and claims to the same. Considering the complexity and simultaneity within which urban informal open spaces are produced and shaped, this study will contribute to leisure and sports studies literature and its intersection with urban studies, particularly in cities of the Global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biodiversity research is essential for addressing the global biodiversity crisis, necessitating diverse participation and perspectives of researchers from a wide range of backgrounds. However, conservation faces a significant inclusivity problem because local expertise from biodiversity‐rich but economically disadvantaged regions is often underrepresented. This underrepresentation is driven by linguistic bias, undervalued contributions, parachute science practices, and capacity constraints. Although fragmented solutions exist, a unified multistakeholder approach is needed to address the interconnected and systemic conservation issues. We devised a holistic framework of collective responsibility across all research participants and tailored strategies that embrace diversity and dismantle systemic barriers to equitable collaboration. This framework delineates the diverse actors and practices required for promoting inclusivity in biodiversity research, assigning clear responsibilities to researchers, publishers, institutions, and funding bodies. Strategies for researchers include cultivating self‐awareness, expanding literature searches, fostering partnerships with local experts, and promoting knowledge exchange. For institutions, we recommend establishing specialized liaison roles, implementing equitable policies, allocating resources for diversity initiatives, and enhancing support for international researchers. Publishers can facilitate multilingual dissemination, remove financial barriers, establish inclusivity standards, and ensure equitable representation in peer review. Funders must remove systemic barriers, strengthen research networks, and prioritize equitable resource allocation. Implementing these stakeholder‐specific strategies can help dismantle deep‐rooted biases and structural inequities in biodiversity research, catalyzing a shift toward a more inclusive and representative model that amplifies diverse perspectives and maximizes collective knowledge for effective global conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What happens when researchers based in the Global North are suddenly unable to access research sites, especially those in the Global South? In 2020, COVID-related public health measures and travel restrictions made clear how dependent certain categories of researchers in the North are on easy access to research sites in the South. The space opened up by their pandemic-imposed retreat and the solutions devised in response have provoked both challenges and opportunities. In this article, we reflect on this space, focusing on how forms of more just collaboration become possible when the inertia of Global North-controlled research is interrupted. Many scholars have argued for change in how Global North-South scholarly collaborations proceed, seeking to root out colonial practices and attend to power imbalances that disadvantage South-based scholars. COVID's disruptions offer a chance to reorient these collaborations toward more ethical forms of research. We examine the ethical and practical questions inherent in such collaborations and explore two case studies of attempts to reorient collaborative work, drawing primarily on examples of collaboration between African, European, and North American scholars. Cognizant that these efforts are only initial attempts toward reworking collaborative practice, we also trace the challenges they bring, from the duty of care and paternalistic approaches to funding and practical problems. We suggest that a careful consideration of these issues can help to establish more just ways to fully reengage North-South research and collaboration in the wake of the global pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All large-scale telescope facilities are constructed within a geographical, social, historical, and political context that includes nested layers at the global, national, and local levels. However, discussions about the geographic siting of astronomy facilities, for example, the communities in which they are embedded or the interactions between the facility and its locale, are uncommon in social science studies of astronomy, and no extant review focused on this gap in the literature. In this literature review and discourse analysis, we explore the ways in which research about astronomy facilities and their local communities has emerged, and the extent to which it focuses on the Global South. We find that literature addressing the social and policy aspects of astronomy facilities has an emphasis on the Global North. However, literature addressing host communities has an emphasis on the Global South. Broadly, the discourses related to host communities in the Global South have emerged from reflections on the controversies related to large-scale telescopes in Hawai'i, Chile, and South Africa. One common theme linking these discourses is that a focus on benefits at the national and international levels obscures a range of problematic power dynamics and outcomes at the local level. The notion of the Global South as an 'empty space' in which astronomical observation does not constitute impactful action amongst local communities, is challenged by discourses that centre local contexts, and challenged by discourses that employ conceptual frameworks with a focus on revealing power dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As we reach the 60th anniversary of the International Migration Review, a key question for those engaged in migration research remains: has migration studies become more inclusive of knowledges and expertise outside the Global North? In short, the answer is no, and both the passage of time and the persistent awareness of this inequality require urgent and immediate action. In this article, we draw on our experiences as first- and second-generation migrant women, and as practitioner-researchers working in the humanitarian sector, to reflect on the significance of undervalued and unrecognized knowledges and expertise on migration research. We share insights from our recent work with the Red Cross Red Crescent Global Migration Lab, an initiative established to conduct migration research that informs humanitarian operations and advocacy, and we reflect on key opportunities and challenges that have impacted our efforts to generate knowledge that is more inclusive of migrants, and of practitioners and researchers from the Global South. In doing so, we highlight the possibility—even if still limited—of doing research that engages more ethically and meaningfully with those whose knowledge and expertise has long been excluded from dominant debates. We do this with a sense of hope and urgency that, by the 70th anniversary of this journal, the landscape of migration research will have changed—as a result of a concerted investment of time, resources and new ways of working—to broaden the questions asked, the objects of study and the methodologies adopted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of internationalism has tended to focus on power centres in the Global North – London, Geneva, New York, Paris – and institutions like the League of Nations, United Nations and UNESCO. What happens when we flip our perspective, and view internationalism from the point of view of the decolonising South? What do we get when we shift our focus from world leaders to the internationalism of activists, intellectuals, feminists, poets, artists, rebels and insurgents operating in Asia and Africa? Moreover, how are our methods of researching and debating international history – in universities, archives and conferences in the Global North – structured by economic inequalities, colonial legacies and visa regimes that limit participation by scholars from the South? This paper considers how we might decolonise both the content and the methods of international history, focusing especially on leftist internationalism and South–South connections in Southeast Asia and the wider Global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clay 3D Printed Hydroponics is a novel, replicable, deployable, environmentally conscious urban farming solution, and architecture proposition. The model is posited to address broader concerns of food deserts and food insecurity in urban and rural areas in light of climate change, water scarcity, soil infertility, food supply chain issues, and civil unrest exacerbated by a growing population. Mitigating global hunger and increasing sustainability and resilience are among the greatest challenges and opportunities of our time. This paper introduces additively manufactured clay hydroponics as a promising soilless agriculture technique, fostering a dialogue on urban farming and food self-sufficiency and reporting on a pilot study conducted in Atlanta, Georgia. By harnessing the power of technology and innovation, the paper, the first in a series of technology implementations, integrates machinery, materiality, and ecology, aspiring to create deployable systems capable of addressing pressing challenges while deepening human connection to the natural world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is the Sixth Sam Moyo Memorial Lecture delivered by Professor Utsa Patnaik during the SMAIAS/ASN Summer School on January 16, 2023, in Harare. Professor Patnaik argues that the discourse in development economics is so completely dominated by fallacious ideas emanating from the conservative economics departments of universities in advanced industrial countries, and economists in the Global South tend to be so completely hegemonized by these fallacious ideas that they pay little or no attention to long-term trends in their own economies that impact adversely the welfare of the poorest of their own populations. A most important long-term trend—to be precise, the trend over the last four decades of neoliberal policies—has been the declining per capita consumption of food grains in countries of the Global South, associated with their increasing opening up to free trade under the incessant pressure of industrial nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2021 COP26 meeting presented South Africa with an $8.5 billion deal to reduce its heavy reliance on coal, sparking a renewed public debate about transforming the country's coal-fired energy system to address emissions, energy deficits, and declining services. This paper examines public opinion on this important energy transition initiative as expressed on social media. While the use of social media platforms for public deliberation on policy matters is increasing in Africa, research exploring the African social media landscape in the context of energy transition is limited. This paper addresses this gap by qualitatively analysing 3,980 Facebook comments on 31 news posts related to the COP26 deal using sentiment and thematic approaches in ATLAS.ti 22. The findings reveal a prevalent negative sentiment and delegitimizing opinions that challenge the deal's credibility. Prominent topics within the discourse encompass concerns about corruption, distrust in public institutions, and perceptions of foreign involvement. Although some motivating factors supporting the deal emerged, negative sentiments and viewpoints dominated the discourse. Studying symbolic practices related to energy visions in this underexplored Global South context yields valuable insights into public opinions on energy transitions, highlighting the link between governance institutions and societal attitudes toward energy transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the perceived challenges of environmental journalists in Nepal, examining individual and organizational barriers to effectively covering environmental issues. Based on in-depth interviews with 10 journalists, it highlights the impact of global trends, such as reliance on international news, limited editorial autonomy, and unique challenges faced within the Nepali context. The study reveals how shifts in the media industry and budget constraints impede journalists' ability to conduct thorough investigations, with implications for the quality and depth of environmental news coverage. Utilizing the hierarchy of influence model, the article critically analyzes these challenges, including the influence of NGOs and INGOs on news content and agendas, which can constrain journalistic independence. The findings suggest a decline in environmental news coverage attributed to time constraints and the transition to online media, further exacerbated by the diminishing role of environmental journalists due to the downsizing of the news media. This research sheds light on the evolving landscape of environmental journalism in Nepal and calls for further exploration into these challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As we reach the 60th anniversary of the International Migration Review, a key question for those engaged in migration research remains: has migration studies become more inclusive of knowledges and expertise outside the Global North? In short, the answer is no, and both the passage of time and the persistent awareness of this inequality require urgent and immediate action. In this article, we draw on our experiences as first- and second-generation migrant women, and as practitioner-researchers working in the humanitarian sector, to reflect on the significance of undervalued and unrecognized knowledges and expertise on migration research. We share insights from our recent work with the Red Cross Red Crescent Global Migration Lab, an initiative established to conduct migration research that informs humanitarian operations and advocacy, and we reflect on key opportunities and challenges that have impacted our efforts to generate knowledge that is more inclusive of migrants, and of practitioners and researchers from the Global South. In doing so, we highlight the possibility—even if still limited—of doing research that engages more ethically and meaningfully with those whose knowledge and expertise has long been excluded from dominant debates. We do this with a sense of hope and urgency that, by the 70th anniversary of this journal, the landscape of migration research will have changed—as a result of a concerted investment of time, resources and new ways of working—to broaden the questions asked, the objects of study and the methodologies adopted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the interplay between artivism and media literacy in plural Global South(s) and its fight against marginalisation. It reflects on the production of an experimental animation Portrait of Marielle by Kenyan and Brazilian young media activists and artivists. This animated film honours the legacy of Marielle Franco, a Brazilian human rights activist and politician murdered in 2018. The article explores how creative media practices can be used as tools for youth movement building in the Global South. It achieves this by analysing creative experiences that take place in 'third spaces' and considering how the application of creative techniques can establish South-to-South dialogical spaces for young people and mobilise memories and histories. Embracing an ethnographic approach, we trace the journeys of these artivists and their animated film, analysing the creative production processes and the exhibition of the animations' frames in venues across both countries. This enables us to document the development of a collective 'we', nurtured by a dialogue between the young artivists and mediated by the creative artefacts, moving from individual to collective experiences. By following these journeys, we unpack how the spaces created by these interactions interplay with an agentive theory of change for media literacy, composed of four elements: Access, Awareness, Capability and Consequences. The focus is on the latter two: Capability, which involves young people using their media literacy for particular purposes in their lives, and Consequences, which occur when media literacy capabilities are combined with an active desire for a media environment that is conducive to equality and social justice. We suggest that working across these domains offers two important contributions to our field: a conceptual framework for digital and networked artivism that is intertwined with media literacy and a shift of the frames of reference for media literacy towards activism and social change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 inspired some within the tourism industry to react rapidly to support Ukrainians in the crisis. This presents an opportunity to address solidarity through tourism as we confront change in the global order and cascading crises. While some tourism analysts hailed the response in support of Ukraine, others raised critical questions about the absence of care when similar injustices were perpetrated on Global South peoples. This article interrogates these developments as a concern for tourism politics and policy. It examines the expansiveness of solidarity bonds in a world characterised by structural injustices and ongoing imperialism. It suggests a transformation of the World Tourism Organization to focus on harnessing tourism as a tool for equitable solidarity in an era characterised by climate change and multiple crises. It also recommends political astuteness in future tourism analyses, including paying due attention to issues of ongoing structural injustices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The emotions of youth climate justice activists are often demeaned or misrepresented both by popular media and by COP organisers. The COP itself, as a cold, bureaucratic, and repressive space that tokenises frontline voices to create an optics of care, is a source of frustration and disappointment for many youth activists. Despite this misrepresentation and repression, youth activists use their emotions to strengthen their movements and actions at the COP. Drawing on collaborative event ethnography spanning a decade, this paper analyses how Global South youth climate justice activists strategically navigate and channel emotion through acts of emotional solidarity, emotional concealment, and emotional display. We assess how youth activists' complex emotional experiences exist in generative tension within individuals and within the youth climate justice movement. Our findings suggest that their emotional strategies unlock the capacity for exercising power while cultivating relationships necessary for climate justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We extend scarce research on the age-crime relationship involving Global South countries by investigating age-arrest patterns in the African countries of Botswana and Namibia. Our analysis included comparisons of Botswana age-crime distributions with (a) the reverse J-shaped invariance curve proposed by Hirschi and Gottfredson; (b) US age-arrest curves; and (c) Taiwan and South Korea age-arrest curves. On the one hand, the findings revealed considerable divergence in Botswana age-crime patterns compared with the HG invariance projection. On the other hand, there was considerable similarity of Botswana age-arrest distributions with those observed in Taiwan and South Korea (i.e., collectivist countries) as reported recently by Steffensmeier and colleagues. Within all these nations, we find "older" age-crime curves yielded by low prevalence of adolescent and young-adult crime combined with higher midlife rates (30–49), as opposed to US age patterns and the HG invariance premise that display high adolescent rates in combination with smaller young-adult rates and shrinking midlife rates. Future directions for studying "why" societies differ in age-crime patterns entail going beyond the study of adolescence (only) to also address what happens in peoples' lives past adolescence—i.e., what pressures, strains, temptations, circumstances, and crime opportunities are faced by peoples during the 30 s and 40 s, the midlife stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Costa Rica is a Latin American country with historical close ties to the United States. This relationship is palpable in the prominence and relevance that content produced in the US has in local media diets. In this article, I analyse how young people in Costa Rica make sense of engaging with transnational media. My goal is to understand the modes in which audiences understand their consumption of foreign media, and how these media operate as a bridge to comprehend broader geopolitical dynamics. For this, I use the theory of cultural proximity to explore the forces that mobilise the reception practices of young audiences and to discern which elements they experience as culturally close. Drawing from a media consumption habits survey, 13 focus group discussions and 35 paired-interviews, I examine the ways in which political and aesthetic evaluations underpin the interpretation of transnational media. Moreover, I show that Costa Rican young audiences adopt a stance of critical resignation: an interpretative operation which entails the acceptance of a geopolitical situation of a perceived submission and inferiority, but a critical awareness of their attitudes towards and acceptance of media texts that come from abroad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global postdoctoral community faces many challenges including low pay, irregular benefits, little job security amid cost-of-living hikes, challenges to mental health, and power imbalances. Conclusions from the 2020 and 2023 global postdoctoral surveys by Nature highlighting these struggles are highly skewed towards respondents from the Global North, underrepresenting the Global South. Here, we address the postdoctoral struggles of scholars in the Global South who are more vulnerable due to low-income economy and patriarchal society that discriminates against women. We argue that neglecting postdoctoral researchers in basic science fields, women and scholars from local and regional universities will affect global academic and research outputs. We recommend sustainable, long-term solutions such as "Postdoc Representative Body" ensuring just and wider postdoctoral benefits at country level to secure postdoctoral benefits in the Global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobility and accessibility challenges faced by adolescents aged 12 to 18 are increasingly recognised. However, research from developing countries often overlooks this demographic group. This literature review advances research by identifying the determinants of accessibility to transportation modes and adaptive strategies for adolescents who lack travel options. Our synthesis highlights the significant roles at individual, family, community, and structural levels in accessing and utilising travel modes. It emphasises the important role of parents in determining adolescents’ access to travel modes, noting that a safe environment is a primary concern leading to parental supervision, often through private vehicles. Our review also reveals adaptive strategies among certain adolescents, such as girls walking in groups to socialise and avoid unsafe situations, older adolescents accessing travel modes that offer independence and affordability, and persuasive efforts by younger adolescents leading parents to permit unauthorised private vehicle use. To address these dynamic issues within developing countries, we outline strategies from the literature to ensure a safe environment involving multiple stakeholders while considering variations based on local contexts, such as ideologies related to specific modes. We also highlight the need for further research to better understand adolescent preferences in transportation access across different activities impacting subjective well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Family language policy research has been focused on migrants from the Global South, their linguistic resources and challenges in the Global North target countries. There has been less research on the countries of origin and of those staying behind. To fill this gap, we investigate a minority speaker community touched by intensive labour migration. The participants (n = 12) of this research were interviewed in Romanian-Hungarian bilingual villages in the Moldavian province of Romania. We investigate interviews with mothers through methods of interactional discourse analysis. The interviews include recurring narratives of language shift from Hungarian to Romanian and stories about migration as well as more recent narratives about participating in Hungarian language education. Our research questions are based on the Critical Family Language Policy framework: What is a family? what counts as a language? and how to define policy in this context? We conclude that the role and definition of family, the interpretations of what constitutes a language, and most significantly the role of community in discourses about language management are different from those typical in the Global North. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world in 2024 faces numerous interlinked crises, including climate change and water shortages, rising geopolitical tensions, and a new awareness of the risks of pandemics. These crises reverse decades of incremental development progress and humanity's aspirations embodied in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, necessitating a more active and collaborative participation of development stakeholders. The magnitude of challenges points to the need for transformational approaches to releasing the potential of stakeholders, which requires building on and extending beyond current best practices in participation and capacity strengthening. What is most needed today is a balanced assessment of the complexity of human nature and a vision that recognizes the prosocial potential of people to harmonize the pursuit of personal interests with a willingness to contribute to social and collective development goals. Prosociality is a capacity that all stakeholders can strengthen—from individuals to institutions to communities (including different forms of social groupings). These stakeholders can become empowered as active protagonists of development, with the potential to work synergistically to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In order to work with these protagonists, it is important to view them systematically in terms of key characteristics such as their antecedent knowledge, values and culture, stance, agency, roles, relationships, and learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In an attempt to address the large inequities faced by the plant biology communities from the Global South (i.e. countries located around the tropics and the Southern Hemisphere) at international conferences, this Viewpoint is the reflexive thinking arising from the concurrent session titled 'Arabidopsis and its translational research in the Global South' organized at the International Conference of Arabidopsis Research 2023 (ICAR 2023) in Chiba, Japan in June 2023. Here, we highlight the main obstacles plant biology communities in the Global South face in terms of knowledge production, as measured by the unequal production and citation of publications, investigating and advancing local plant genomics and biodiversity, combating disparities in gender and diversity, and current initiatives to break isolation of scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses 70 scholarly articles on doctoral education in Latin America from 2011 to 2021, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) model. The research identifies key trends, themes, and defining characteristics within the literature. We propose a three-wave evolution model for doctoral education in Latin America based on the findings. The results show the consolidation of doctoral education in several countries, the ‘second wave’, with themes such as quality assurance policy, program development, learning, curriculum, and advising. The study also highlights the emergence of research hubs as a ‘third wave’, in which doctoral programs attract individuals from different backgrounds and locations who mobilise knowledge and ideas within and across regions. Our three-wave model of evolution for doctoral education offers a way to articulate research and policy around doctoral education in Latin America, a critical step towards significant research hubs and pertinent programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a common critique of the Global South that its rising protagonism is a tool for authoritarian forces. The prominent role of authoritarian countries in coalitions such as BRICS and the Non-Aligned Movement, which claim to represent the Global South, has strengthened this concern. To shed light on those issues, this paper provides an in-depth case study of the 2024 elections crisis in Venezuela and the role of the Global South in resolving it. The question asked is to what extent countries identifying with the Global South were able to simultaneously promote democracy and adopt a foreign policy identity aligned with the Global South. The paper shows how the position and action of different Global South countries differed significantly, from an outright rejection of the fraudulent elections, to their endorsement. There were also concerted efforts by countries strongly identifying with the Global South to facilitate a democratic solution. The main argument developed is that a Global South narrative’s interweaving of anti-imperialism and opposition against foreign interference with opposition against liberal democracy promotion has left a limited space for democracy advocacy among countries with a Global South identity. This may weaken democratic forces among Global South countries in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The triple planetary crisis of climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss necessitates more holistic, comprehensive, and integrated public policy approaches. Within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, this crisis highlights significant conflicts over forms of knowledge and conceptualization, affecting how international policies are formed. Indigenous knowledge systems have become increasingly acknowledged for their vital role in addressing the challenges of the Anthropocene. Conferences of the Parties institutions like the International Indigenous Peoples Forum on Climate Change emphasize the critical, although not always recognized, importance of Indigenous territories, which contain eighty percent of the world's biodiversity. Here, we show that research in paleoecology, archaeology and history demonstrates the long-term significance of traditional knowledge and Indigenous land management practices for contemporary ecosystem dynamics. Drawing from these varied studies and perspectives also reveal the socio-economic inequalities resulting from centuries of European colonialism. We showcase three case studies on; (i) pastoralism in eastern Africa, (ii) natural resource management in southeast Asia and (iii) adaptation to sea level rise in the Caribbean, which touch upon highly diverse human resilience strategies across space and time. Despite efforts at the COP28 to accelerate climate action and incorporate diverse knowledge systems, significant challenges remain. The need for a pluralistic knowledge, rather than a one-size-fits-all approach, blending scientific language with artistic and narrative forms, is proposed as critical for fostering effective communication and developing more effective and equitable solutions for global environmental governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the cases of five Sri Lankan export-oriented companies, each situated within global production networks (GPN) with British companies at the apex. In examining their managerial practices, a strong similarity to the practices associated with Anglo-Saxon paternalism is identified. However, these observed parallels are a product of local circumstances and the particular location within the GPN rather than a consequence of any emulation of British practices. The resulting system reflects a high power-dependency relationship that employers hold over -employees. In this sense, the emergent HR system is partly dependent on the position in the GPN and partly autonomous. The system is characterised by a gendered division of labour and by the proximity of managerial oversight over the issue of worker autonomy. The factory setting has lower levels of worker autonomy and dependency compared to tea harvesting. One outlying exception to the general paternalistic approach, in one of the companies studied, is where the religious and ethnic makeup of the workforce is not shared with management, leading to increased conflict with the unionised workforce. The nature of Sri Lankan paternalism is specific and endogenous, but the conditions creating this paternalism are likely to be replicated elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In May 2019, Dutee Chand became the first Indian athlete to publicly come out as a lesbian while still actively competing. This study conducts a textual analysis of the Indian news media’s coverage of Chand’s announcement, focusing on three major English-language dailies: The Hindustan Times, The Hindu, and The Times of India. As one of the first studies to explore the Indian media’s response to Chand’s coming out, it sheds light on how lesbian athletes are portrayed in non-Western sports media, this one specifically within the Indian context. Chand's public embrace of her sexuality, in a cultural environment often hostile to LGBTQIA+ identities, has broader implications for understanding the media representation of sexual minorities in sports. The findings reveal that Indian news outlets depicted Chand as a rebellious figure but balanced their coverage by supporting her stance and conforming to prevailing social and cultural norms that resist public expressions of non-heteronormative sexualities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The quality of municipal solid waste governance is a key public issue associated with environmental, social, and health concerns that still demands appropriate indicators to encompass different policy, management, and data availability settings worldwide. This study aimed to develop and apply a Municipal Solid Waste Governance Index (MSWGI) to support the monitoring and assessment of the ultimate factors that influence the performance of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in municipalities, incorporating particularities of Global South countries. Methods: The development of the MSWGI comprised two approaches: (1) the establishment of a general theoretical framework with the identification of dimensions for monitoring MSW governance and (2) the development and application of the index using Brazil as a study case. The latter was accomplished through five incremental steps: (i) data selection and data quality analysis, (ii) data normalization and definition of data scores, (iii) data weighting and aggregation through statistical and participatory methods, (iv) data classification and, finally, (v) visualization of the index and its dimensions. Based on a broad literature review, three dimensions were proposed as the framework of the MSWGI: (i) regulatory quality (e.g., laws), (ii) voice and accountability (e.g., access to information; existence and functioning of the municipal council for the environment), and (iii) government effectiveness (e.g., financial and human resources; execution of government programs). A case study was then carried out with the 5,570 Brazilian municipalities to showcase the application and relevance of the MSWGI in a Global South context. Results: Despite the high regulatory quality condition in Brazil, this was not reflected in the MSWGI. In general, most municipalities have high (31.4%) and very high (23.7%) regulatory quality, contrasting low voice and accountability (32.4%), and medium government effectiveness (27.8%), the latter associated with the low quality of public services performed in municipalities. The index was also negatively influenced by the precarious mechanisms and structure of social participation; high levels of informality in the recycling sector, and low completeness and consistency of databases. The MSWGI was associated with socioeconomic development, and its concept and dimensions captured the complexities associated with MSW management. Discussion: The index, and the approach behind it, can be used as an objective tool to improve databases and the enabling conditions to foster MSW governance and management, while also creating indicators to assess its progress, facing the policy implementation gaps that are common to Global South countries. Also, rather than presenting an index to be directly transposed and applied to other locations, the steps of a strategy for generating an MSWGI from existing data were outlined. In this sense, this study creates mechanisms to refine these indicators within data-deficient context, presenting strategies that can be broadly applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Academic advising plays a crucial role in South African higher education, especially considering the country's diverse student population, historical injustices, and socio-economic inequalities. However, there is a lack of research supporting academic advising practices in this context. Methods: This study employs a qualitative methodology, using semi-structured in-depth interviews with four academic advisors from the Engineering, Built Environment, and Information Technology (EBIT) department at a South African university. A socio-ecological lens is applied to explore the factors enabling and constraining best practices in academic advising. Results: Key findings reveal that academic advisors face challenges such as limited resources and institutional support. However, opportunities exist for fostering student resilience and academic success. The study identifies enablers and constraints across microsystemic (e.g., advisor passion and resilience), mesosystemic (e.g., interdepartmental collaboration), and macrosystemic (e.g., institutional policies, socio-economic factors) levels. Discussion: As part of the Global South, South Africa shares many socio-economic and educational challenges with other countries in the region. The study's findings offer insights that may be relevant to similar contexts. By illuminating the mechanisms that empower the academic advising community, this research seeks to inform the development of more effective student support interventions. The socio-ecological framework provides a comprehensive understanding of the interconnected influences contributing to the efficacy and challenges faced by academic advisors in engineering departments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world's urban population is projected to rise to more than 60 percent of the world's population. A few data are available for urban scholars to understand global urbanization, including the growth of megacities. The paper uses two global population data resources: World Urbanization Prospects (WUP) and Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL). This paper aims to determine the size of Global South megacities over the past 30 years. The WUP and the GHSL showed minimal disparities in trends and patterns since they relied on administrative population data. However, this study found a significant expansion of megacities spanning multiple jurisdictional units when using the GHSL data and administrative layers. This suggests the challenges in governing megacities in the Global South countries, which primarily have a fragmented nature of existing bureaucracies. Given their continuous expansion, the appropriate governance form for managing megacities will remain a critical and fascinating subject of study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field of feminist urban geography has shed light on the workings of power and its spatial manifestation at multiple scales. Weaving across this scholarship, I show that it is motivated by concerns about systemic hierarchies, emphasizes looking from the margins, and highlights alternative, emancipatory possibilities. First, these works show how patriarchal logics underpin institutional spaces and shape social norms that govern urban life in violent ways. Second, feminist scholarship has shown how the everyday lives of those at the margins can challenge and subvert a dominant making of boundaries between the public and private, or local and global. Third, they articulate how strategies to attain urban belonging, structured around commoning, care, and a call for freedom, can offer alternatives for just futures. Through a grounded understanding of everyday practices, this scholarship shows the significance of temporality in world‐making and complicates the notion of the urban as a site of aspiration. Moving forward, the field can be more attentive to how global urban margins hold promise in decentering power‐knowledge networks and showcase the place of the urban within center‐periphery relations. With this tool kit, feminist urban geography can provide provisional, conjectural possibilities to conceptualize more meaningful worlds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the development of Thailand's craft beer community through a sociological lens, focusing on social capital and power dynamics. Despite originating much later than Western craft beer movements, Thailand's scene has evolved rapidly since 2012, shaped by unique socio-economic and regulatory contexts. The research reveals how the community transitioned from homebrewers to a complex network seeking cultural legitimacy. Using Putnam's and Bourdieu's theories, the study highlights social capital's role in fostering both cooperation and competition. Privileged groups use networks for economic and symbolic gains, while intermediaries shape the movement. Gender dynamics affect women moderately compared to other contexts. The COVID-19 pandemic spurred geographically close clusters and affinity groups, showcasing resilience amid regulatory challenges. These findings offer insights into craft beer consumption in non-Western contexts, stressing the importance of understanding social capital in emerging cultural industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]