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El presente artículo de reflexión pretende considerar al territorio del Parque Nacional Natural El Cocuy como un espacio de construcción social, generado por el desarrollo del turismo en un área protegida que es administrada por el Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia. En el territorio se presentan intereses de diferentes actores, que son influenciados por el modelo de gestión ambiental, el campo cultural y el turismo como práctica para la conservación de la biodiversidad. This article has the objective to understand the National Park El Cocuy like a social construction territory, caused for the tourist development in one protected area, that is administrated for the National Parks System. The actors has different interest, related with the environmental management, the cultural processes and the tourist like a practice for the biodiversity conservation.

Spletna socialna omrežja so pomemben sestavni del turistične promocije in bistveno vplivajo na prostočasno turistično ravnanje ljudi. Občina Kranjska Gora je ena najbolj obiskanih slovenskih turističnih destinacij in ima pestro ponudbo skozi celo leto. Namen diplomske naloge je ugotoviti in ovrednotiti vpliv socialnih omrežij na prostočasno turistično ravnanje s poudarkom na raziskovanju vpliva socialnih omrežij na obiskovanje občine Kranjska Gora. Za dosego namena je bila izvedena anketna raziskava. Velika večina, natančneje 94 % vseh anketirancev, je uporabnikov spletnih socialnih omrežij. Za obisk destinacije zaradi informacij, ki so bile objavljene na spletnih socialnih omrežjih (npr. videli so objavo znanca, destinacije, vplivneža …), se je odločilo 71 % anketirancev, kar dokazuje, da imajo velik vpliv na prostočasno turistično ravnanje. Od vseh anketirancev, ki uporabljajo spletna socialna omrežja, jih 21 % sledi profilu Kranjske Gore. V preteklosti so k obisku občine spodbudila 42 % anketirancev. Online social networks are an important part of tourism promotion and have had a significant impact on people's tourism behavior. The Municipality of Kranjska Gora is an important Slovenian tourist destination and has a wide range of offers throughout the year. The purpose of the diploma thesis is to determine and evaluate the impact of social networks on tourist behavior with an emphasis on researching the impact of social networks on visiting the municipality of Kranjska Gora. To achieve the purpose, a survey was conducted. A big majority, more precisely 94% of all respondents, were users of online social networks. 71% of respondents decided to visit a destination due to information published on online social networks (e.g. they saw the post of an acquaintance, destination, influencer, …), which proves that they have a great impact on tourism behavior. Of all respondents who use online social networks, 21% follow the profile of Kranjska Gora. In the past, online social networks have encouraged 42% of respondents to visit the municipality.

V magistrskem delu smo obravnavali literarni turizem na območju Slovenije, s posebnim ozirom na primeru Vrhnike v povezavi z Ivanom Cankarjem. Na podlagi tipologije in glavnih konceptov literarnega turizma smo izvedli analizo turistične ponudbe, prakticiranje literarnega turizma pa smo raziskali z anketno raziskavo prostovoljnih obiskovalcev (brez šolskih in podobnih skupin mladoletnikov) Cankarjeve spominske hiše in tistih, ki je še niso obiskali. Literarni turizem je veja kulturnega in dediščinskega turizma, ki jo razvrščamo glede na tri glavne tipe literarnih povezav: z življenjem književnika, z literarnimi deli oz. fikcijo ter s književnostjo na splošno. Področje literarnega turizma je v Sloveniji slabše raziskano, saj se je zanimanje zanj s strani akademske stroke izraziteje okrepilo šele v zadnjih letih. Na območju Slovenije so prisotne številne literarne znamenitosti, ki pa nimajo izrazito velikega števila obiskovalcev, prav tako je prakticiranje literarnega turizma v Sloveniji redko, kar nakazuje, da je literarni turizem še v fazi razvoja. Med literarnimi znamenitostmi prevladujejo rojstne, spominske hiše ter sobe književnikov, poleg tega pa je državno ozemlje prepredeno s številnimi literarnimi potmi, ki povezujejo različne lokacije literarnega pomena. Vrhnika je eden izmed tipičnih primerov turističnega literarnega kraja, ki se veže predvsem na življenje književnika. Osrednjo literarno znamenitost predstavlja Cankarjeva spominska hiša, ki jo dopolnjujejo pot Cankarjeve mladosti, kulinarična ponudba ter literarni dogodki v povezavi s pisateljem. In the master thesis, we examined literary tourism in Slovenia with special regard to the town of Vrhnika in relation to the one of the most prominent Slovenian writers, Ivan Cankar. We carried out the analysis of tourism offer based on typology and key concepts of literary tourism and conducted a survey about the practice of literary tourism with voluntary visitors (without school and other groups of minors) of Cankar Memorial House and with those who haven’t visited it yet. Literary tourism is a branch of cultural and heritage tourism. We classify it according to the three main types of literary links: with author’s biography, with literary works or fiction and with literature in general. The interest for literary tourism from the part of Slovenian academics strengthened only over the past few years, which is why this topic is underresearched. In the territory of Slovenia there is a large number of literary sites, but the number of their visitors remains low, the same goes for practicing literary tourism which is quite rare. This indicates that literary tourism is still developing. Among literary sites, predominate memorial houses, homes and rooms of writers, on top of that the country territory has a large network of literary trails that connect various locations of literary importance. Vrhnika is one of the typical touristic literary places, which are linked to author’s life. Cankar Memorial House represents the main literary site, but is supplemented by Cankar Boyhood Trail, culinary offer and literary events related to Cankar.

Capítulo I. Propuesta de Investigación ........................................................................................... 4 1.1. Descripción y Formulación del Problema. 4 1.2. Justificación 10 1.3. Objetivos 13 1.3.1. Objetivo General 13 1.3.2. Objetivos Específicos. 13 1.4. Marco Espacial. 14 1.5 Marco Teórico. 18 1.5.1 Antecedentes…. 18 1.5.2 Bases Conceptuales. 24 1.5.3 Marco legal…… 27 1.6 Metodología 29 1.6.1 Enfoque de la investigación 29 1.6.2 Tipo de investigación 29 1.6.3 Diseño de investigación. 29 1.6.4 Fases………….. 29 2. Capítulo II. Características físico-ambientales de las Antillas. 33 2.1. Caracterización general de las Antillas 33 2.2. Aspectos geológicos de las Antillas y el Caribe. 38 2.3. Factores climáticos de las Antillas. 45 3. Capitulo III. Desarrollo histórico y evolución turística de las Antillas. 50 3.1. Época precolombina. 50 3.1.1. Estructura sociopolítica de los pueblos indígenas. 52 Los caciques…………. 52 Matrimonio…………… 52 Economía…………….. 53 3.2. Época de la conquista. 53 3.3. Periodo: Azúcar y Esclavos Período 1620-1789. 57 3.4. Siglo XIX y XX 59 4. Capitulo IV. Tipos de turismo que se dan en las Antillas. 65 4.1. Evolución turística de las Antillas desde mediados del siglo XX. 65 4.2. Turismo cultural: 77 4.3. Turismo ecológico: 80 4.3.1. Patrimonios naturales de la humanidad en las Antillas 83 4.4. Turismo patrimonial: 83 4.4.1. Riqueza patrimonial de las Antillas. 85 4.4.1.1. Antillas menores 85 4.4.1.2. Antillas Mayores 85 Conclusiones 87 Bibliografía 89 El turismo está catalogado como una actividad que realizan las personas durante su estadía en los lugares que visitan en un período inferior a un año y aunque pareciera que esto es una actividad moderna, realmente su inicio, según Moreno (2012) en su artículo titulado ‘Historia del turismo: una investigación necesaria. En Turismo y sostenibilidad’ el turismo fue: En la Europa del siglo XIX en plena consolidación de la industrialización cuando las prácticas turísticas empezaron a generalizarse y a mover a miles de europeos. Esas prácticas estaban vinculadas al descanso, la salud y el conocimiento y adoptaron la forma del termalismo, el excursionismo, los baños de ola de playas frías o los viajes de formación como el Gran Tour de las élites británicas (pág. 112). El turismo inicia como actividad principal cuando se detona la industrialización y con ella llegaron transformaciones sociales, culturales y económicas, es cuando el turismo fue identificado como una fuerte actividad económica; además con los cambios culturales las personas empezaron a identificar el turismo como una necesidad de vida, el desconectarse, conocer la historia y patrimonio de cada lugar. Los tipos de turismos que empiezan a emerger con mayor fuerza fueron el de sol y playa y el turismo histórico. Pregrado Geógrafo(a) Monografías

V magistrskem delu smo obravnavali literarni turizem na območju Slovenije, s posebnim ozirom na primeru Vrhnike v povezavi z Ivanom Cankarjem. Na podlagi tipologije in glavnih konceptov literarnega turizma smo izvedli analizo turistične ponudbe, prakticiranje literarnega turizma pa smo raziskali z anketno raziskavo prostovoljnih obiskovalcev (brez šolskih in podobnih skupin mladoletnikov) Cankarjeve spominske hiše in tistih, ki je še niso obiskali. Literarni turizem je veja kulturnega in dediščinskega turizma, ki jo razvrščamo glede na tri glavne tipe literarnih povezav: z življenjem književnika, z literarnimi deli oz. fikcijo ter s književnostjo na splošno. Področje literarnega turizma je v Sloveniji slabše raziskano, saj se je zanimanje zanj s strani akademske stroke izraziteje okrepilo šele v zadnjih letih. Na območju Slovenije so prisotne številne literarne znamenitosti, ki pa nimajo izrazito velikega števila obiskovalcev, prav tako je prakticiranje literarnega turizma v Sloveniji redko, kar nakazuje, da je literarni turizem še v fazi razvoja. Med literarnimi znamenitostmi prevladujejo rojstne, spominske hiše ter sobe književnikov, poleg tega pa je državno ozemlje prepredeno s številnimi literarnimi potmi, ki povezujejo različne lokacije literarnega pomena. Vrhnika je eden izmed tipičnih primerov turističnega literarnega kraja, ki se veže predvsem na življenje književnika. Osrednjo literarno znamenitost predstavlja Cankarjeva spominska hiša, ki jo dopolnjujejo pot Cankarjeve mladosti, kulinarična ponudba ter literarni dogodki v povezavi s pisateljem. In the master thesis, we examined literary tourism in Slovenia with special regard to the town of Vrhnika in relation to the one of the most prominent Slovenian writers, Ivan Cankar. We carried out the analysis of tourism offer based on typology and key concepts of literary tourism and conducted a survey about the practice of literary tourism with voluntary visitors (without school and other groups of minors) of Cankar Memorial House and with those who haven’t visited it yet. Literary tourism is a branch of cultural and heritage tourism. We classify it according to the three main types of literary links: with author’s biography, with literary works or fiction and with literature in general. The interest for literary tourism from the part of Slovenian academics strengthened only over the past few years, which is why this topic is underresearched. In the territory of Slovenia there is a large number of literary sites, but the number of their visitors remains low, the same goes for practicing literary tourism which is quite rare. This indicates that literary tourism is still developing. Among literary sites, predominate memorial houses, homes and rooms of writers, on top of that the country territory has a large network of literary trails that connect various locations of literary importance. Vrhnika is one of the typical touristic literary places, which are linked to author’s life. Cankar Memorial House represents the main literary site, but is supplemented by Cankar Boyhood Trail, culinary offer and literary events related to Cankar.

La geografía no es una ciencia al servicio de la planificación de las fuerzas del mercado y por eso en su mirada hacia el turismo, los geógrafos deben ser muy analíticos para no dejarse arrastrar por los argumentos falsos que con facilidad repiten sus promotores. En este ensayo se examina la noción de paisaje que ha sido el eje central sobre el cual actúan ese complejo conjunto de actividades económicas, con el objetivo de convertirlo en una mercancía que se ofrece para satisfacer las cambiantes nociones de descanso y placer distintivo. Geography is not a science at the service of market forces planning and therefore in their view towards tourism, geographers must be very analytical so as not to get carried away by the false arguments that its promoters easily repeat. This essay examines the notion of landscape that has been the central axis on which this complex set of economic activities act, with the aim of turning it into a commodity that is offered to satisfy the changing notions of rest and distinctive pleasure. A geografia não é uma ciência a serviço do planejamento das forças de mercado e, portanto, na visão do turismo, os geógrafos devem ser muito analíticos para não se deixarem levar pelos falsos argumentos que seus promotores facilmente repetem. Este ensaio examina a noção de paisagem que tem sido o eixo central sobre o qual esse conjunto complexo de atividades econômicas atua, com o objetivo de transformá-la em uma mercadoria que é oferecida para satisfazer as noções mutáveis de descanso e prazer distintivo.

В данной статье уделяется внимание актуальной проблеме профессиональной подготовки будущего учителя географии. С учётом направления развития системы образования в России, содержания географического образования, современных требований к педагогу автором выдвигается идея о необходимости включения в программу подготовки учителя географии теоретического и практического изучения сферы туризма. На основании собственных исследований развития отрасли туризма в России автор описывает образовательный и воспитательный потенциал изучения сферы туризма с позиции его влияния на формирование у будущего учителя профессиональных компетенций. Также автором предложены возможные пути преобразования образовательной программы подготовки учителя географии для Волгоградского государственного социально-педагогического университета, что имеет практическую значимость для модернизации основных профессиональных образовательных программ педагогических вузов., The article discusses a topical problem of professional training of a future geography teacher. The author puts forward an idea of the need to include the study of tourism in the geography teacher training program taking into account the modernization of the education system in Russia, the content of geographical education, modern requirements for a teacher. The basis for this idea is the author’s five-year research on the dynamics and peculiarities of the international and domestic tourism’s development. The main study’s content is a description of the educational potential of studying the tourism sector from the perspective of a competence approach. The author explains how tourism can influence the development of professional competencies. The author also proposes and characterizes 3 ways of transformation for the inclusion of tourism in the professional training of geography teachers at Volgograd State Social Pedagogical University. This development has practical significance for the transformation of further educational activities there.

Turizem v občini Radovljici že od nekdaj igra pomembno gospodarsko vlogo pri razvoju občine. Raznolika turistična ponudba, ki se je oblikovala skozi leta in se razvija še danes, je odraz pestrih naravnih in družbenih danosti, ki privabljajo številne turiste. Pred pandemijo COVID-19 je občina beležila stalno rast turističnega obiska, ki bi lahko vodil že v množični turizem. Ob neukrepanju in nesodelovanju akterjev (lokalne skupnosti, turističnega gospodarstva in turistov) lahko takšen nekontroliran turizem vodi v propad turistične destinacije. Zaradi slednjega je pomembno, da akterji prepoznajo pomembnost uveljavljanja koncepta trajnostnega turizma pri svojem razvoju. Z magistrskim delom smo pridobili pogled akterjev na trajnostni turizem in njihova pričakovanja ter načrte v zvezi s turizmom v občini Radovljica. Akterji so prepoznali pomembnost razvijanja trajnostnega turizma. V tej smeri se želijo tudi tržiti. To potrjuje prejetje zlatega znaka Slovenia Green in začrtane smernice razvojnega programa do leta 2030, pri čemer so upoštevani odgovori lokalnega prebivalstva, ki težijo k uravnoteženemu trajnostnemu razvoju. Opravili smo tudi intervjuje z osebami, ki izvajajo turistično dejavnost, ter na ta način pridobili njihov pogled in pričakovanja v zvezi s turizmom. V sklopu dela smo napravili tudi pregled turistične ponudbe z vidika trajnostnega turizma in opredelili problematiko prisotnosti turističnih dejavnosti na površinah, namenjenih kmetijstvu. Tourism in the Municipality of Radovljica has always played an important economic role in the development of the area. The diverse tourist offer, which has been formed over the years and is still developing today, is a reflection of the diverse natural and social conditions that attract many visitors. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the municipality recorded a steady increase in tourist arrivals, which could lead to mass tourism. Uncontrolled tourism, absence of action and the non-cooperation of all the stakeholders (local community, tourism industry and tourist visitors) may lead to the collapse of the tourist destination. It is important that the stakeholders recognize the importance of promoting the concept of sustainable tourism in their development. In this thesis, we gained the view of the stakeholders on sustainable tourism and their expectations and plans related to tourism in the Municipality of Radovljica. The stakeholders have recognized the importance of developing sustainable tourism and they are investing in it. This approach is confirmed by the obtaining of the Slovenia Green Destinations Gold label and by the outlined strategic guidelines of the Municipal Development Program 2030. The program takes into account the responses of the local community, that strives towards a balanced and sustainable development. Furthermore, we conducted interviews with people involved in tourism activities and in this way we learnt about their views and expectations regarding tourism. As part of the work, we also made an overview of the tourist offer from the point of view of sustainable tourism and explored the issue of tourist activities impacting upon areas intended for agriculture.

Urbano čebelarstvo je v zadnjih desetletjih vedno bolj popularno, še posebej v obliki čebelarjenja na strehah in balkonih hiš ter na območju mestnih zelenih površin. Razvija se tudi v slovenskih mestnih občinah, pri čemer je največje število čebelnjakov leta 2019 imela Mestna občina Ljubljana. V Mestni občini Ljubljana deluje edino urbano čebelarsko društvo Urbani čebelar, ki spodbuja ozaveščanje mestnih prebivalcev o pomenu čebelarstva v mestu in sodeluje pri Čebelji poti, ki predstavlja element čebelarskega turizma ali apiturizma v občini. V magistrskem delu so s pomočjo slovenske in tuje literature, analize podatkov iz Centralnega registra čebelnjakov in intervjujev z urbanimi čebelarji opisane značilnosti urbanega čebelarstva v Ljubljani in drugih slovenskih mestnih občinah. Predstavljen je tudi apiturizem, turistična panoga, ki privablja nove domače in tuje turiste na obisk in ogled slovenskih čebelnjakov po vsej Sloveniji že vse od leta 2003. Urban beekeeping has become increasingly popular in recent decades, especially on the roofs, balconies, and city parks. This trend can also be seen in Slovenian biggest cities with the city of Ljubljana having the largest number of beehives in 2019. Urbani čebelar society, which was founded in Ljubljana, is the only urban beekeeping society in Slovenia. Urbani čebelar promotes awareness of city residents about the importance of bees in the city and also participates in Čebelja pot, which is an element of apitourism in the municipality. The master’s thesis describes characteristics of urban beekeeping in Ljubljana and other Slovenian city municipalities with the help of literature, analysis of data from Central register of apiaries, and interviews with urban beekeepers. There is also apitourism which has been bringing new domestic and foreign tourist to visit Slovenian apiaries and beehives since 2003.

El artículo plantea una aproximación teórica a la urbanización turística como proceso de creación de espacios urbanos específicos destinados al consumo recreativo. Aborda, en primer lugar, la generalización del turismo como actividad recreativa dominante en las sociedades desarrolladas; se plantea, a continuación, la especificidad de la urbanización turística frente a otras formas de desarrollo urbano; y debate, en último término, las actuales respuestas de las ciudades turísticas consolidadas ante los cambios que se producen en los mercados turísticos. L'article planteja una aproximació teòrica a la urbanització turística com a procés de creació d'espais urbans específics destinats al consum recreatiu. En primer lloc, es parla de la generalització del turisme com a activitat recreativa dominant en les societats desenvolupades; es planteja, a continuació, l'especificitat de la urbanització turística enfront d'altres formes de desenvolupament urbà; i, per últim, es debaten les actuals respostes de les ciutats turístiques consolidades davant els canvis que es produeixen en els mercats turístics. L'article propose un rapprochement théorique de l'urbanisation touristique en tant que processus de création d'espaces urbains spécifiques adressés à la consommation récréative. Il aborde, en premier lieu, la généralisation du tourisme comme l'activité récreative la plus importante dans les sociétés développées: ensuite, la spécificité de l'urbanisation touristique face à d'autres genres de développement urbain; et, en dernier lieu, l'article parle des réponses actuelles que les villes touristiques consacrées offrent devant les chagements qui se produisent sur les marchés touristiques. This article is a theoretical analysis of the role of residential tourism development in the creation of urban areas specifically for leisure purposes. The first part deals with the widespread expansion of tourism as a predominant leisure activity in highly developed societies. This is followed by an analysis of the special characteristics of residential tourism developments and compares them with other forms of urban growth. The article ends with a discussion of the measures introduced in consolidated tourist cities in the face of the changes now occurring in the tourist market.

Prof. PhD Lyubomir Antonov Dinev is among the distinguished Bulgarian geographers. He is interested in this science since from his early childhood. This is due to his father Anton Dinev - Kartografov, a teacher of geography, who created the first study maps in geography, as well as the first methodological foundations of teaching in this subject. Lyubomir Dinev graduated with a degree in geography from Sofia University in 1935. After he completed a specialization in Prague. After his return to Bulgaria he entered Sofia University as an assistant in geography. Later, he reoriented himself to socio-economic geography, and in particular to the area of geography of population and settlements. Gradually he is habilitated for associate professor and professor. In addition to what he has achieved in his research work, Prof. L. Dinev stays in science by expanding the research field of geography in Bulgaria through the specialty "geography of tourism", created by him, and the Department of the same name in the "Kl. Ohridski "Sofia University.

The article deals with theoretical and empirical aspects of the spatial distribution of tourism and the second homes in Croatia and Slovenia. The authors initially present a common typology of tourism/second home areas which is used for classification of all local administrative units in both countries. Based on the results of the correlation analysis, the authors note that the spatial development of tourism and second homes in Croatia is characterized by an intensive concentration of both types of leisure activities in the littoral areas of the country, while in Slovenia the two phenomena are much more evenly represented in all types of tourism/second home areas. // Prispevek s teoretskega in empiricnega vidika obravnava prostorsko razsirjenost turizma in sekundarnih pocitniskih bivalisc na Hrvaskem in v Sloveniji. Avtorja uvodoma predstavita enotno tipologijo turisticnih obmocij oziroma obmocij pocitniskih bivalisc, v katero nato klasificirata vse skupnosti lokalne samouprave v obeh državah. V nadaljevanju s pomocjo korelacijske analize ugotavljata, da je za prostorski razvoj turizma na Hrvaskem znacilna izrazita koncentracija tako turisticnih dejavnosti kot tudi pojava pocitniskih bivalisc v obmorskem obmocju države, medtem ko sta v Sloveniji oba pojava precej enakomerneje zastopana v vseh tipih turisticnih obmocij oziroma obmocij pocitniskih bivalisc.

Professor Dr. Lubomir Antonov Dinev is undoubtedly- among the most notable geographers in Bulgaria and is a scientist with European fame. The proposed article is dedicated to his life, creativity and public affairs. Getting acquainted with his biography, scientific work, practical elaborations, and his social activity is not only an expression of tribute to him, but it is also important for younger generations of geographers to learn more about this remarkable Bulgarian scientist and researcher.

В статье раскрывается суть страноведческого подхода при изучении в вузе зарубежных государств одного из перспективных отраслевых направлений географии туризма — экологического. Приводится эколого-туристская характеристика ущелья Самарья с позиции географии экологического туризма., The article reveals the essence of the cross-cultural approach when studying at a higher educational institution of a foreign state of one of the promising sectoral areas of tourism geography — environmental. The eco-tourist characteristic of the «gorge of Samaria» from the perspective of geography environmental tourism is given in the article., №1(33) (2019)

El present Treball Final de Grau busca determinar quina és la relació que s’estableix entre el turisme genètic, la sensibilitat cultural i la transculturalitat. Per determinar aquesta relació, es delimiten les característiques pròpies del turisme genètic com a modalitat turística i es relacionen amb els conceptes culturals ja mencionats. Per tal de delimitar les característiques pròpies d’aquesta modalitat turística, es compara el turisme genètic amb el turisme genealògic i es presenten les convergències i les divergències entre ells. Més endavant, es presenten les temàtiques més recurrents relacionades amb el turisme genètic, en el moment del previatge, desprès de realitzar un anàlisi de blogs de viatges i de notícies online. Finalment, s’estableix un patró de conducta dels individus que es realitzen un test genètic gràcies a la informació recollida en aquest anàlisi

International audience; Ordinary practices at school present an enchanted vision of tourist areas, often reduced to seaside tourism practiced in a few small islands around the world and organized around luxurious facilities. This vision, however, can be complicated by accompanying this geography of tourism from a geography through tourism. The postcard image then gives way to the implementation of a geographical reasoning, mobilizing actors, scales and spatial dynamics.; Les pratiques ordinaires en classe de géographie présentent une vision enchantée des espaces touristiques, bien souvent réduits à un tourisme balnéaire pratiqué dans quelques îlots du monde et organisé autour d’aménagements luxueux. Cette vision peut cependant être complexifiée, en accompagnant cette géographie scolaire du tourisme d’une géographie par le tourisme, et s’appuyant sur l’expérience spatiale des élèves. La « cartepostalisation » du monde fait alors place, via une géographie expérientielle, à la mise en œuvre d’un raisonnement géographique, mobilisant acteurs, échelles et dynamiques spatiales.

Cities are now up for sale. They are a commercial product, each with its own distinct brand and image. Urban centres have been transformed into tourism destinations that compete with each other. It is essential for cultural tourism cities to construct a prestigious brand and a public image that shows them in the best possible light. These are the elements that attract visitors. Tourists choose the places to visit mainly on the basis of their perception of each destination’s image and brand. However, these representations of cultural tourism are ultimately stereotypical images, based on a partial and subjective selection of history and heritage. In this article, we study the process of construction of cultural tourism images in one of the Iberian Peninsula’s main destinations – Toledo. The article also analyses visitors’ perception of this public image and its influence when it comes to choosing a destination. The methodology used, after a literature review and compilation of information on Toledo’s promotional image, is based on empirical analysis of surveys. The article demonstrates that Toledo has a stereotypical image and brand, based on a partial view of its history and the picturesque dimension of its heritage. It is this representation that attracts the vast majority of visitors to the city. On the other hand, the real city is disappearing, in terms of both the promotional image of Toledo, and in the perceptions of tourists and visitors. The stereotypical image and commercialisation of the city as a cultural tourism destination is now the prevailing force.