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The genus Lasallegrion gen. n. is described, and three species, Lasallegrion koebelei (Crawford 1912), comb. n., Lasallegrion virescens (Strand 1911), comb. n., and Lasallegrion washingtoni (Girault 1915), comb. n., are redescribed and transferred to it. Podagrion holbeini Girault 1923, syn. n., and Podagrion metatarsum Girault 1929, syn. n., are synonymised here with Lasallegrion koebelei. Further, 14 species from Australia and New Caledonia are confirmed as belonging to Podagrion Spinola, 1811. The classic morphological approaches are combined with multivariate ratio analysis and molecular and additional morphological methods for (re-)descriptions. A comprehensive set of morphometric data, COI barcode sequences, a fully sequenced transcriptome and detailed µCT data are provided. An updated key to the Australasian genera of Podagrionini and to the Lasallegrion species is given. Additionally, we present some discussion on the collisions of the concepts of modern taxonomy, and the restrictions caused by poorly conditioned old type material.

Morphological variation was studied in 124 accessions from 61 Passiflora L. species. Twenty-four quantitative descriptors selected for their high variation among subgenera were submitted to a principal component analysis. The first principal component (32% of total variance) was associated with flower length and secondarily with floral cup constriction, the second (27%) with flower width and bract shape, and the third (14%) with peduncle branching, stem width, and leaf length, which relates it to the differentiation of subgenera Astrophea and Deidamioides. The projection of accessions in the resulting tridimensional space consistently separates the four subgenera, as well as supersection Tacsonia of subgenus Passiflora. A neighbor joining analysis, on a selection of 32 qualitative traits and four categorized quantitative variables, clustered species according to their chromosome number and, within subgenus Passiflora, separated supersections Tacsonia (pollinated by the sword-billed hummingbird) and Distephana (pollinated by shorter-billed hummingbirds) from all other, bee-pollinated, species. Thus, the morphological study allows separating the effects of genome evolution from those of more recent and independent coevolutions concerning the pollination syndromes of supersections Tacsonia and Distephana. Within subgenus Decaloba, diverging subclusters are consistent with supersections and particular sections, with the partial exception of supersection Decaloba. Within supersection Tacsonia, subclusters correspond to one or two sections, pointing to overclassification in the current taxonomy. Among the bee-pollinated species of subgenus Passiflora, only supersection Laurifolia is clearly validated. Most of these results are consistent with molecular phylogenetic studies, except for interspecific relations among bee-pollinated species of subgenus Passiflora, which appear particularly difficult to classify.

Geminiviruses are plant-infecting single-stranded DNA viruses that occur in most parts of the world. Currently, there are seven genera within the family Geminiviridae (Becurtovirus, Begomovirus, Curtovirus, Eragrovirus, Mastrevirus, Topocuvirus and Turncurtovirus). The rate of discovery of new geminiviruses has increased significantly over the last decade as a result of new molecular tools and approaches (rolling-circle amplification and deep sequencing) that allow for high-throughput workflows. Here, we report the establishment of two new genera: Capulavirus, with four new species (Alfalfa leaf curl virus, Euphorbia caput-medusae latent virus, French bean severe leaf curl virus and Plantago lanceolata latent virus), and Grablovirus, with one new species (Grapevine red blotch virus). The aphid species Aphis craccivora has been shown to be a vector for Alfalfa leaf curl virus, and the treehopper species Spissistilus festinus is the likely vector of Grapevine red blotch virus. In addition, two highly divergent groups of viruses found infecting citrus and mulberry plants have been assigned to the new species Citrus chlorotic dwarf associated virus and Mulberry mosaic dwarf associated virus, respectively. These species have been left unassigned to a genus by the ICTV because their particle morphology and insect vectors are unknown.

The order Magnaporthales comprises about 200 species and includes the economically and scientifically important rice blast fungus and the take-all pathogen of cereals, as well as saprotrophs and endophytes. Recent advances in phylogenetic analyses of these fungi resulted in taxonomic revisions. In this paper we list the 28 currently accepted genera in Magnaporthales with their type species and available gene and genome resources. The polyphyletic Magnaporthe 1972 is proposed for suppression, and Pyricularia 1880 and Nakataea 1939 are recommended for protection as the generic names for the rice blast fungus and the rice stem rot fungus, respectively. The rationale for the recommended names is also provided. These recommendations are made by the Pyricularia/Magnaporthe Working Group established under the auspices of the International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF).

Partagee entre l'Argentine et le Chili a la pointe australe du continent americain, la Patagonie a de longue date fascine explorateurs, naturalistes et simples voyageurs. Selon l'altitude, l'exposition aux vents et aux precipitations, ou selon la latitude, ce vaste espace peu habite presente une grande variete de milieux et une flore diversifiee. Entre foret temperee andino-patagone, foret valdivienne pluvieuse, foret subantarctique, steppes, vegetations rases de haute altitude, la flore de Patagonie est a la fois variee et originale. Selon les regions, elle presente des affinites avec la flore du reste de l'Amerique du Sud, de l'Amerique du Nord, mais egalement avec celle de l'Oceanie, et notamment de la Nouvelle-Zelande, et elle montre par ailleurs un taux important d'endemisme. Traduit et augmente a partir d'une premiere edition bilingue (espagnol/anglais) publiee en 2008 (editions Vazquez Mazzini Editores, Buenos Aires), ce guide naturaliste offre au non-specialiste une presentation des familles botaniques les plus caracteristiques de la Patagonie argentine et chilienne. Au total 95 familles sont decrites, avec les principaux genres et especes, leur habitat specifique, chaque famille etant illustree par une ou plusieurs especes, le plus souvent indigenes. Une invitation a la decouverte de l'etonnante richesse botanique de la region la plus australe du monde, avec sa flore originale et encore mal connue. (Resume d'auteur)

Species ofPyricularia(magnaporthe-like sexual morphs) are responsible for major diseases on grasses.Pyricularia oryzae(sexual morphMagnaporthe oryzae) is responsible for the major disease of rice called rice blast disease, and foliar diseases of wheat and millet, whilePyricularia grisea(sexual morphMagnaporthe grisea) is responsible for foliar diseases ofDigitaria.Magnaporthe salvinii, M. poaeandM. rhizophilaproduce asexual spores that differ from those ofPyricularia sensu strictothat has pyriform, 2-septate conidia produced on conidiophores with sympodial proliferation.Magnaporthe salviniiwas recently allocated toNakataea, whileM. poaeandM. rhizophilawere placed inMagnaporthiopsis. To clarify the taxonomic relationships among species that are magnaporthe- or pyricularia-like in morphology, we analysed phylogenetic relationships among isolates representing a wide range of host plants by using partial DNA sequences of multiple genes such as LSU, ITS, RPB1, actin and calmodulin. Species ofPyricularia s. str.belong to a monophyletic clade that includes allP. oryzae/P. griseaisolates tested, defining thePyriculariaceae,which is sister to theOphioceraceae, representing two novel families. These clades are clearly distinct from species belonging to theGaeumannomyces pro parte/Magnaporthiopsis/Nakataeageneric complex that are monophyletic and define theMagnaporthaceae. A few magnaporthe- and pyricularia-like species are unrelated toMagnaporthaceaeandPyriculariaceae. Pyricularia oryzae/P. griseaisolates cluster into two related clades. Host plants such asEleusine, Oryza,SetariaorTriticumwere exclusively infected by isolates fromP. oryzae, while some host plant such asCenchrus, Echinochloa, Lolium, PennisetumorZingiberwere infected by differentPyriculariaspecies. This demonstrates that host range cannot be used as taxonomic criterion without extensive pathotyping. Our results also show that the typical pyriform, 2-septate conidium morphology ofP. grisea/P. oryzaeis restricted toPyriculariaandNeopyricularia, while most other genera have obclavate to more ellipsoid 2-septate conidia. Some related genera (Deightoniella, Macgarvieomyces) have evolved 1-septate conidia. Therefore, conidium morphology cannot be used as taxonomic criterion at generic level without phylogenetic data. We also identified 10 novel genera, and seven novel species. A re-evaluation of generic and species concepts withinPyriculariaceaeis presented, and novelties are proposed based on morphological and phylogenetic data.