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RESUMEN: En este artículo, partiendo del análisis del concepto de homonormatividad propuesto por Lisa Duggan en 2002, pretendo realizar una aproximación a algunos de los disensos acontecidos en torno a tres manifestaciones insignia de este fenómeno: el debate sobre el matrimonio igualitario, la despolitización de las imágenes de gays y lesbianas en los medios de comunicación y la inclusión nacional de gays y lesbianas en los proyectos neoimperialistas occidentales. Mi intención es entender la complejidad de estos debates surgidos entre las tendencias asimilacionistas y las críticas del colectivo LGTBQ, y contribuir a tender puentes entre ellas, de manera que podamos avanzar en la lucha contra la homofobia y el postergamiento de nuestra ciudadanía completa. ABSTRACT: In this paper, starting from the analysis of the homonormativity concept proposed by Lisa Duggan in 2002, I pretend to realize an approximation toward several dissents that have arisen in relation to three capital manifestations of this phenomenon: the debate about same-sex marriage, the depoliticization of gay and lesbian images in the media and the national inclusion of gays and lesbians in the ineomperialist western projects. My aim is to understand the complexity of the debates that have taken place between the assimilationists and the critical tendencies inside the LGBTQ community, and to contribute to build bridges between them, so we can improve in the fight against homophobia and the delay of our complete citizenship.

Introduction: Coming out to parents can be a really challenging and stressful experience for gay and lesbian people, as they are faced with a wide variety of fears, such as fear of rejection, disapproval or even aggression, losing the support and love from their families. In fact, coming out to parents per se is not as problematic as facing and dealing with the possible negative outcomes in the family relationships after the disclosure. Parents of gay and lesbian persons also internalize the negative social attitudes and mythologies regarding the gay/lesbian identity and implicitly expect their children to be heterosexual and live their life according to the traditional family model. In this context, the disclosure of the gay/lesbian identity can produce significant changes in the family dynamics. After the disclosure, parents need to manage their own feelings and challenge their prejudices in order to understand the reality of their son or daughter being gay or lesbian. Objectives: This study analyzes and connects different theoretical aspects regarding coming out to parents with practical implications in counseling clients who want to disclose their gay/lesbian identity to their parents. Methods: The methods used are based mainly on grounded research and consist of a case study presentation and literature review regarding coming out to parents and its influence on the family system. Results: Aspects regarding the psychological effects of coming out, parents' reactions and possible changes in the dynamics of the family are discussed. Also, a case study on a client coming out to her mother is illustrated, in order to emphasize a counseling process centered on preparing and supporting a client to come out. Different psychological mechanisms and dynamics within the motherdaughter relationship are analyzed and clarified in order to offer a broader perspective on how to manage the disclosure both before and after coming out. Conclusions: Coming out to parents represents only a first step, being followed by having to deal with parents' reactions, their own process towards acceptance or tolerance, as well as the potential changes in the dynamics of the family system after the disclosure. Having multiple implications in the family life and the relationships between its members, coming out should be carefully considered and prepared. Practitioners working with gay or lesbian clients who want to come out to their parents should assist and accompany their clients in building some landmarks for the moment of the disclosure and also in activating the clients' inner resources to help them cope with potential negative outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This quantitative study examined differences in the coming-out process between self-identified lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) participants in five age cohorts. An Internet survey and convenience sampling strategy was used to recruit 1,131 participants (ages 18 to 85). Participants provided demographic information and information about their home environment growing up, completed the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Identity Scale (LGBIS) (Mohr & Fassinger, 2000), and shared ages that they achieved important milestones in the coming-out process. ANCOVA of differences between men and women in the five cohorts on the age that significant milestones were achieved resulted in significant findings for all comparisons (p< .001). In post hoc analysis, 52% of the 450 pairwise comparisons were significant at at least the .05 level. Generally speaking, two significant trends were found in this sample: (a) that the average age of achieving milestones has decreased over time; and (b) that a gender gap in the age of achieving milestones between men and women has disappeared. The current study supports and extends research that suggests a strong connection between social acceptance of LGB people and coming out at younger ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]