1. Determination of the Point-spread Function for the Fermi Large Area Telescope from On-orbit Data and Limits on Pair Halos of Active Galactic Nuclei
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G. Busetto, Brian L Winer, S. Cutini, A. A. Moiseev, Katsuaki Asano, Francesco Longo, Gudlaugur Johannesson, F. Loparco, E. Do Couto E Silva, W. Mitthumsiri, T. A. Porter, A. P. Waite, T. J. Brandt, Jean Ballet, Stefan Funk, Daniel Sánchez, Claudia Lavalley, Sho Nishino, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Justin Vandenbroucke, T. E. Stephens, A. Morselli, V. Vitale, Jeffrey D. Scargle, P. Fusco, Stefano Ciprini, Igor V. Moskalenko, Matthew Kerr, A. W. Borgland, I. A. Grenier, S. Germani, T. Ohsugi, Eleonora Troja, Miranda Jackson, Nicola Omodei, Guido Barbiellini, S. J. Fegan, Olaf Reimer, Zhenwei Yang, Elliott D. Bloom, G. Godfrey, Kent S. Wood, T. Jogler, Carmelo Sgrò, Riccardo Rando, Soebur Razzaque, Jay P. Norris, M. Razzano, P. Fortin, L. S. Rochester, C. Favuzzi, V. Vasileiou, R. Claus, Matthew Wood, Stephan Zimmer, J. F. Ormes, N. Gehrels, James Chiang, Hiroyasu Tajima, Gino Tosti, Jan Conrad, F. de Palma, R. E. Hughes, E. Wallace, Dario Gasparrini, Patrick Weltevrede, E. Nuss, Paola Grandi, P. Lubrano, Hiromitsu Takahashi, M. Brigida, Sylvain Chaty, A. Chekhtman, David Paneque, Claudia Cecchi, S. Rainò, J. G. Thayer, T. Kamae, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Randall P. Johnson, Rodrigo Nemmen, R. Dubois, E. Orlando, J. M. Casandjian, D. Horan, F. D'Ammando, W. B. Focke, M. Kuss, C. Monte, M. E. Monzani, Gloria Spandre, P. Spinelli, M. N. Mazziotta, Jun Kataoka, Pascal Bruel, J. Mehault, Emanuele Bonamente, R. Buehler, J. E. Grove, S. Larsson, T. L. Usher, Francesco Giordano, D. J. Thompson, Daniela Hadasch, M. Roth, Yasushi Fukazawa, T. H. Burnett, A. S. Johnson, M. Orienti, S. Murgia, O. Tibolla, Benoit Lott, Peter F. Michelson, Marcello Giroletti, Takaaki Tanaka, F. Piron, A. Snyder, Keith Bechtol, Johan Bregeon, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, Alice Allafort, Roberto Mignani, Eric Charles, Julie McEnery, Morihiro Hayashida, E. Hays, Steven Ritz, D. J. Suson, C. C. Cheung, W. McConville, L. C. Reyes, Marco Ajello, J. B. Thayer, M. Naumann-Godo, L. Tibaldo, W. B. Atwood, J. S. Perkins, Nicola Giglietto, F. Gargano, Luca Latronico, G. A. Caliandro, H. Poon, S. Colafrancesco, M. N. Lovellette, P. A. Caraveo, Persis S. Drell, M. Tinivella, Elizabeth C. Ferrara, V. Pelassa, E. J. Siskind, J. H. Panetta, Markus Ackermann, A. N. Cillis, R. A. Cameron, Luca Baldini, M. Pierbattista, Denis Bastieri, A. von Kienlin, C. Romoli, J. Lande, Sylvain Guiriec, A. Reimer, S. Buson, P. M. Saz Parkinson, Suk-Han Lee, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, T. Glanzman, Jürgen Knödlseder, G. Pivato, Eugenio Bottacini, Charles D. Dermer, X. Hou, Giacomo Vianello, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, sezione di Bari (INFN, sezione di Bari), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), GLAST, Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Asano, K., Atwood, W. B., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., BARBIELLINI AMIDEI, Guido, Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Burnett, T. H., Busetto, G., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Casandjian, J. M., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chaty, S., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Cillis, A. N., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Colafrancesco, S., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., D'Ammando, F., de Palma, F., Dermer, C. D., Silva, E. do Couto e., Drell, P. S., Drlica Wagner, A., Dubois, R., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grandi, P., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hou, X., Hughes, R. E., Jackson, M. S., Jogler, T., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, R. P., Johnson, A. S., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Kerr, M., Knödlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Lavalley, C., Lee, S. H., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcconville, W., Mcenery, J. E., Mehault, J., Michelson, P. F., Mignani, R. P., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Naumann Godo, M., Nemmen, R., Nishino, S., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Pelassa, V., Perkins, J. S., Pesce Rollins, M., Pierbattista, M., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Poon, H., Porter, T. A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reyes, L. C., Ritz, S., Rochester, L. S., Romoli, C., Roth, M., Sanchez, D. A., Saz Parkinson, P. M., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Snyder, A., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stephens, T. E., Suson, D. J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. G., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Tinivella, M., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Usher, T. L., Vandenbroucke, J., Vasileiou, V., Vianello, G., Vitale, V., von Kienlin, A., Waite, A. P., Wallace, E., Weltevrede, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Wood, M., Yang, Z., Zimmer, S., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ackermann M, Ajello M, Allafort A, Asano K, Atwood WB, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Bloom ED, Bonamente E, Borgland AW, Bottacini E, Brandt TJ, Bregeon J, Brigida M, Bruel P, Buehler R, Burnett TH, Busetto G, Buson S, Caliandro GA, Cameron RA, Caraveo PA, Casandjian JM, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chaty S, Chekhtman A, Cheung CC, Chiang J, Cillis AN, Ciprini S, Claus R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Colafrancesco S, Conrad J, Cutini S, DAmmando F, de Palma F, Dermer CD, Silva EDE, Drell S, Drlica-Wagner A, Dubois R, Favuzzi C, Fegan SJ, Ferrara EC, Focke WB, Fortin P, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Gehrels N, Germani S, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Godfrey G, Grandi P, Grenier IA, Grove JE, Guiriec S, Hadasch D, Hayashida M, Hays E, Horan D, Hou X, Hughes RE, Jackson MS, Jogler T, Johannesson G, Johnson RP, Johnson AS, Kamae T, Kataoka J, Kerr M, Knodlseder J, Kuss M, Lande J, Larsson S, Latronico L, Lavalley C, Lee SH, Longo F, Loparco F, Lott B, Lovellette MN, Lubrano P, Mazziotta MN, McConville W, McEnery JE, Mehault J, Michelson PF, Mignani RP, Mitthumsiri W, Mizuno T, Moiseev AA, Monte C, Monzani ME, Morselli A, Moskalenko IV, Murgia S, Naumann-Godo M, Nemmen R, Nishino S, Norris JP, Nuss E, Ohsugi T, Omodei N, Orienti M, Orlando E, Ormes JF, Paneque D, Panetta JH, Pelassa V, Perkins JS, Pesce-Rollins M, Pierbattista M, Piron F, Pivato G, Poon H, Porter TA, Raino S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Reyes LC, Ritz S, Rochester LS, Romoli C, Roth M, Sanchez DA, Parkinson PMS, Scargle JD, Sgro C, Siskind EJ, Snyder A, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Stephens TE, Suson DJ, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Tanaka T, Thayer JG, Thayer JB, Thompson DJ, Tibaldo L, Tibolla O, Tinivella M, Tosti G, Troja E, Usher TL, Vandenbroucke J, Vasileiou V, Vianello G, Vitale V, von Kienlin A, Waite AP, Wallace E, Weltevrede P, Winer BL, Wood KS, Wood M, Yang Z, Zimmer S, National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Ciencias Físicas ,EXTRAGALACTIC MAGNETIC-FIELDS ,halo [galaxies] ,galaxies: halos ,Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,galaxies, [gamma rays] ,law.invention ,Spitzer Space Telescope ,law ,1ES 0229+200 ,SPACE-TELESCOPE ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Physics ,TEV BLAZARS ,detector [instrumentation] ,[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,detectors, intergalactic medium [instrumentation] ,VHE GAMMA-RAYS ,galaxies: active – galaxies: halos – gamma rays: galaxies – instrumentation: detectors – intergalactic medium ,halos [galaxies] ,active [galaxies] ,intergalactic medium ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,Point spread function ,[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,Active galactic nucleus ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,galaxies: active ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Telescope ,0103 physical sciences ,gamma rays: galaxies ,instrumentation: detectors ,galaxie [gamma rays] ,Blazar ,SOURCE CATALOG ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,BACKGROUND LIGHT ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Astronomy ,CONSTRAINTS ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Quasar ,PULSAR ,Galaxy ,DISCOVERY ,Astronomía ,Space and Planetary Science ,ddc:520 ,Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope - Abstract
The astrophysical journal 765(1), 54 (2013). doi:10.1088/0004-637X/765/1/54, The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is a pair-conversion telescope designed to detect photons with energies from ≈20 MeV to >300 GeV. The pre-launch response functions of the LAT were determined through extensive Monte Carlo simulations and beam tests. The point-spread function (PSF) characterizing the angular distribution of reconstructed photons as a function of energy and geometry in the detector is determined here from two years of on-orbit data by examining the distributions of γ rays from pulsars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Above 3 GeV, the PSF is found to be broader than the pre-launch PSF. We checked for dependence of the PSF on the class of γ-ray source and observation epoch and found none. We also investigated several possible spatial models for pair-halo emission around BL Lac AGNs. We found no evidence for a component with spatial extension larger than the PSF and set upper limits on the amplitude of halo emission in stacked images of low- and high-redshift BL Lac AGNs and the TeV blazars 1ES0229+200 and 1ES0347–121, Published by Univ.11032, Chicago, Ill. [u.a.]
- Published
- 2013