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When Mitterrand arrived at the Elysée in 1981, he intended to strengthen the political relationship between France and Italy. In that period, Italy appeared to be particularly subdued to the US government; the goal of the French government was to push for the end of this subordination and to encourage Italy to accept an asymmetric relation with France. With the arrival of Andreotti at the Farnesina in 1983, in fact, Italy proved to have a more autonomous political attitude but the French government was forced to admit that this autonomy made French-Italian relationship more complicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dispute between interventionists and neutralists opposes two fronts in the Italian philosophical landscape, where the Neapolitan pole dominated by Croce opposes the city of Florence - home of the French Institute and seat of literary and artistic circles close to Futurism and Bergsonism. From the beginning of the war, the Florentine journals “La Voce” and “Lacerba” publish frequent attacks on Germanic culture. Croce reacts from the pages of “La Critica” and “Italia Nostra”. The typical themes of French anti-German propaganda reverberate on the Italian political and philosophical debate, adapting to the peculiarity of its cultural context.

Nel 1949 l’International Bank for Reconstruction and Development svolge una General Survey Mission in Colombia. Si tratta di uno dei primi interventi dell’organizzazione nonché della prima missione intesa ad analizzare il complesso delle condizioni economiche di un Paese e non solo a valutare un singolo progetto di intervento. La missione e le transazioni che sono seguite rappresentano un evento chiave nello sviluppo dell’international economic advising e dei meccanismi di ricezione di questa pratica da parte dei Paesi interessati.