1. Policing Muslims under the Directory: Republican Universalism and the Edicts of Pluviôse 1799.
- Author
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Coller, Ian
- Subjects
- *
MUSLIMS , *UNIVERSALISM (Political science) , *LAW enforcement , *POLICE , *REVOLUTIONS - Abstract
In early 1799 French authorities issued orders to identify and register Ottoman Muslims within the territory of the Republic, followed by orders to arrest Algerian subjects and sequester their property. The immediate context of the policing operation was France's unprovoked July 1798 invasion of Egypt, leading to the Ottoman declaration of war in September. But the aims of this botched and almost entirely fruitless operation are harder to discern. Presented as a way of ensuring the safety of French subjects who had been detained in Istanbul and Algiers, it only exacerbated tensions. It was less a proportionate diplomatic action than a Machiavellian tactic by the foreign minister, Talleyrand. In the interests of ending the Revolution in France, Talleyrand sought to aggravate the war and drive the Ottoman Empire into the arms of the anti‐French coalition. The new anti‐Muslim rhetoric that emerged in this process outlasted Talleyrand's ministry and contributed to the fragmentation of republican universalism in the lead‐up to Napoleon Bonaparte's coup d'état at the end of 1799. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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