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3 results on '"freight simulation"'

1. Power infrastructure requirements for road transport electrification

Author

Nicolaides, Doros and Cebon, David

Subjects
629.22, electric vehicles, electrification of road transport, charge-on-the-move, dynamic charging, freight logistics, freight simulation, electric good vehicles, autonomous pods, economics, urban transportation, infrastructure, power demand, electric buses, home deliveries, refuse collection
Abstract

Deep decarbonisation of road transportation is challenging. One of the most potentially beneficial approaches is electrification which is the subject of this PhD thesis. A widespread penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) across a large proportion of road transport demand is needed to realise the benefits of an electrified transport sector. However, this is dependent on overcoming significant barriers. This study performs a systematic analysis of how proven power charging technologies could be used to unlock the barriers to widespread electrification of road transportation. Various road transport sectors and type of journeys are explored including aspects of autonomous operations and novel wireless power transfer technologies. For each operation, a framework is proposed that allows the exploitation of current and potential future electrification technologies to enable shifting towards EVs. Based on that, simulation tools and methods are developed to calculate the power requirements of EVs and determine a suitable charging infrastructure. The additional power demand, electric load and the implications for the electricity supply network are explored. The total expenditure needed and the CO2 emission savings are also calculated for each investigated operation. Transitional strategies include the electrification of bus routes, refuse collection functions, home deliveries and aspects of autonomous operations for public transportation within the boundaries of the cities. In the long-term, focus is given on passenger cars and freight vehicles for both urban and inter-urban journeys. A nationwide adoption of all electrification strategies proposed in this thesis would increase the peak power demand of Great Britain by approximately 38 GW (72% of the current peak) and the electricity consumption by 180 TWh per year (45% of current consumption). The total capital cost required is calculated at £225 billion which is similar to the cost of other large infrastructure projects of the country. The impact would be a significant aggregate saving of approximately 2,000 MtCO2 between the numbers calculated for today's norms (2018) and those calculated for 2050.

Published
2018
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2. Using machine learning to examine freight network spatial vulnerabilities to disasters: A new take on partial dependence plots

Author

Paul M. Johnson, William Barbour, Janey V. Camp, and Hiba Baroud

Subjects
Network vulnerability, Transportation disruption analysis, Partial dependence plot, Gradient boosting machine, Freight simulation, Transportation and communications, HE1-9990
Abstract

Analyzing transportation network vulnerabilities to disruptions is crucial for society to maintain commodity flows across the globe. However, most vulnerability analyses focus on impacts that arise from the deterioration of single network components, which can overlook spatial correlations between multiple components that manifest during area-spanning disruptions, such as those stemming from natural hazards. Here, we demonstrate an intuitive, simulation-based approach for inferring spatial vulnerabilities to area-spanning disruptions. In particular, we show how partial dependence plots derived from gradient boosting machines trained on the results of a routing simulation can be used to depict the average effect a disruption’s location has on impacts while controlling for other input variables and spatial dependencies embedded in the network. Although we demonstrate our approach for Middle Tennessee’s intermodal road and rail freight transportation network, our framework can easily be applied to other networks.

Published
2022
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3. Prospects for Electrification of Road Freight

Author

Doros Nicolaides, John Miles, David Cebon, Nicolaides, D [0000-0003-4523-1809], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Engineering, 021103 operations research, Computer Networks and Communications, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, 0211 other engineering and technologies, electric good vehicles, 02 engineering and technology, freight logistics, dynamic charging, Computer Science Applications, Transport engineering, Sustainable transport, Electrification, Traffic management, Control and Systems Engineering, freight simulation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Charge-on-the-move (CoM), business, Information Systems
Abstract

A plethora of decarbonization pathways have been suggested over the last few years and it has been generally accepted that substantial progress toward more sustainable transport requires a significant contribution from the freight sector. Deep decarbonization of road freight by conventional means is difficult, so alternatives need to be investigated. One of the most potentially beneficial approaches is electrification which is the subject of the paper. The challenges of conventional electric freight vehicles for long-haul operations are discussed and then innovative power delivery systems that could alleviate the problems are reviewed. A logistics concept to provide a framework for the electrification of most road freight transport operations is considered and based on that, simulation tools and methods are presented to set the performance requirements for a practical system. Finally, four case studies are developed for assessing the feasibility of electrification of various road freight operations. Overall, it is shown that electrification of road freight is a viable route for more sustainable transportation.

Published
2017
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