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The Fasti Antiates Ministrorum Domus Augustae, a large inscription associated with the imperial villa at Antium, is best known for its iteration of the Augustan calendar. In this article, I reassess the fasti in their entirety, focusing on their manner of display and social function. I place special emphasis on the section of the inscription, largely overlooked, that contains the annual records of magistrates who led the voluntary association that commissioned the inscription, a detailed record of two decades of local history. The association revealed in these records worked to bestow honors on its members, offering them prestige within and beyond the household, and also acted to censure them. Because the fasti identify most magistrates by job title, they also provide invaluable information about the villa's workforce, composed of enslaved people and freedmen; the document provides a valuable counterpoint to other testimonia for occupations, largely funerary. Manual laborers and domestics appear with greater frequency in the fasti than they do in occupational inscriptions from funerary contexts, while administrators, abundant in funerary contexts, form a minority. Importantly, the magistrates' list reveals that the association was a group in which the "sub-clerical grades" of imperial slaves and freedmen could accrue prestige and wield authority as readily as their overseers. In the community reflected in the fasti, power derived not from job status within a workplace hierarchy, but from social standing among peers--acquired and maintained (or lost) over decades of service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is the study of Claudia Saturnina and her family. A funeral inscription offers much information about this woman and her mother, her stepfather, her contubernalis and her verna. Furthermore, she was presented in the epitaph as the mamma of one of his freedmen. Who was she? What were her origins? What role did she have in her family? What did the term mamma mean in this context? Such questions will be answered on this article.

This article examines formerly enslaved people's use of Information Wanted advertisements to reconnect with lost family after the American Civil War. This article argues that physical reunification with loved ones was not the sole purpose of the advertisements of the post-emancipation era, since the advertisements both testified to the cruelty of family and kinship group separations and were radical first-person observations recording – and bearing witness to – the suffering of loved ones in enslavement. In safeguarding Black genealogies through the use of the advertisements, formerly enslaved people asserted family strength and power by publicly memorializing those they had lost. Formerly enslaved people thus employed emotion as a mechanism of resistance, within the advertisements, to protest the white emotional regime of the post-emancipation era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this contribution I will focus on some observations on the typology of these categories of epigraphs, with emphasis on regional particularities and chronological landmarks. In the second part of the study, however, I will highlight the situations encountered in Boeotia at Chaironeia, in Asia Minor, particularly in connection with the sanctuary of Helios Apollo Lairbenos, and in Macedonia, at Leukopetra, where the dedications are addressed to the AutochthonousMother of the Gods. It is therefore necessary to make a few clarifications concerning the typology of these inscriptions, their formal aspect, the terms used to define the act of dedication or consecration, the particularities generated by the types of conditions that had to be satisfied, and the ways of dating the existing epigraphicmaterial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies how access to financial services among a previously unbanked group affects human capital, labor market, and wealth outcomes. We use novel data from the Freedman's Savings Bank—created following the American Civil War to serve free Blacks—employing an instrumental variables strategy exploiting the staggered rollout of bank branches. Families with accounts are more likely to have children in school, be literate, work, and have higher occupational income, business ownership, and real estate wealth. Placebo effects are not present using planned but unbuilt branches, or for Whites, suggesting significant positive effects of financial inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Memoirs of Boston King, a Black Preacher appeared in serial form in The Methodist Magazine between March and June 1798. King escaped slavery in South Carolina, joined the British army to fight in the Revolutionary War, eventually resettled in Nova Scotia, and emigrated to Sierra Leone. This essay argues that readings of King's Memoirs solely as a historical document are inadequate. The essay first summarizes King's biography and contextualizes it within early Methodist history; a second section reads epiphanic visionary moments in King's narrative; and a third section considers how colonial and white supremacist thought in the early Methodist church employed King's narrative as a conversionary instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The colonial archive offers comparatively few glimpses of the individual lives of enslaved African women and girls brought to Sierra Leone in the nineteenth century and 'liberated' under the terms of the British Abolition Act of 1807. This article sets out to do four things: first, to consider what colonial sources reveal about how women and girls experienced and responded to becoming 'liberated Africans', and to the 'disposal' practices of the Liberated African Department – including schooling, indenture and arranged marriages. Second, it considers what factors might have shaped those experiences. Third, it seeks to make a contribution to the literature on marriage in early colonial Africa by considering whether, and to what extent, British colonial policy towards liberated African women in Sierra Leone meets a modern definition of government‐led coerced or forced marriage. Finally, it evaluates the usefulness and limits of official archives, missionary records, court records and the accounts of self‐styled British Sierra Leone experts for studying the experiences of women and girls, and indicates potential avenues for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In comparison with other areas of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina, the area of middle Podrinje had the highest population in Roman Ages. That led to the creation of different social strata. By analyzing the epigraphic and archaeological material, we try to answer the following questions: how did the Roman society look like and what was the social status of some social categories; in what position was the indigenous population compared to immigrants; what marks were left behind by the merchants, craftsmen,miners, and slaves?

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Copyright of Revista de Historía da Sociedade e da Cultura is the property of Revista de Historia da Sociedade e da Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Historía da Sociedade e da Cultura is the property of Revista de Historia da Sociedade e da Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyses the miniature objects reproducing pottery, household utensils and furniture objects discovered in the tomb of Iulia Graphis in Brescello (Emilia-Romagna, Italy). They are compared with similar groups found on the Italian territory, such as the Larario Puerile from Pesaro, the crepundia Terracina. Other groups of miniature objects in more uncertain contexts of discovery are examined. Over the years, the subject has been tackled by various researchers who have identified them as objects that related to the playful sphere of Roman children in the 2nd century CE and in particular to the game of dînette. This paper revises the initial hypotheses and opens up further avenues of investigation about the function of these objects and the social and gendered status of their owners.

This article proposes a new reading of a late first-century c.e. inscribed dedication from Todi (Umbria) as an accusation of witchcraft, a rhetorical text aimed at propagating a particular story among the local community. Historical and anthropological studies of witchcraft accusations in other societies have emphasised how they can reveal tensions and anxieties that are normally not visible to the observer. By drawing on these studies and close examination of the language and content of the inscription, this article analyses an historical agent's experience of the social structure of early imperial Italy. The accusation is read as a freedman's response to his ambiguous position in a slave society, the ambivalent power of writing in Roman culture and the religious claims of Flavian imperial discourse.

Copyright of Anuario del Instituto de Historia Argentina is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario del Instituto de Historia Argentina is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anuario del Instituto de Historia Argentina is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 1993-1999, a joint expedition of Kharkiv State University and the Tauric Chersonesos National Preserve carried out a study of the “barracks” — an extensive architectural and archaeological complex within the boundaries of the Chersonesos city-site. This group of buildings and other structures with a total area of over 500 square meters is located near a 4th-century BC city gate and the sixteenth curtain wall. In the first centuries AD, a large economic and residential complex arose and functioned here. The area of the “Barracks Center” and Room 38 accommodated an atrium. Production facilities were located in the northern and eastern part of the “barracks” on the site of medieval rooms. In Roman times, two cisterns were cut into the rock on the site of Rooms 35 and 36, and a press platform with a large lever stone was constructed. Thus, the structural remains, stratigraphic features, and artifacts found in the area of Rooms 35 and 36 all indicate that a fairly powerful winery operated in the northern part of the “barracks” during the 1st to 3rd centuries. The filling of the winery cisterns yielded a rich collection of red-lacquered pottery of the 1st to 3rd centuries, which is extremely rarely found in such amounts in the complexes of Chersonesos. The finds illustrate the great diversity of ceramic wares used in Chersonesos. Imported vessels predominate. Fragments of an oinophore from the city of Knidus in Asia Minor, for example, are of considerable interest. Most similar oinophores from the Eastern Mediterranean date to the 2nd century AD, as do most of the ceramic imports from Knidus to the Northern Black Sea coast. Epigraphic and anepigraphic stamps on red slip plates represent a special subset of finds. In Roman times, the estate included a home sanctuary. This is evidenced by the finds of a fluted limestone column, a damaged female sculpture, fragments of a frieze-free entablature, and copious remnants of polychrome plaster. Rare finds include a ring with a gem of Athena and an elegant miniature pendant made of Egyptian faience, which depicts Cybele or Isis on a throne. Excavations of the “barracks” show that in the first centuries AD there was a significant change in the functional purpose of the port area of Chersonesos. Numerous immigrants from the Balkan and Anatolian provinces of the Roman Empire appeared among the city’s inhabitants. The changes in the social and ethnic makeup of the local population should be connected with the prolonged presence of a Roman garrison in the city citadel.

Up to now, about 140 funerary inscriptions were known from the territory of Neoklaudiopolis/Vezirköprü. In this contribution, 14 more are presented, one of which, however, may be attributed to Amaseia/Amasya (no. 4). They were recorded between 1988 and 1990 by Eckart Olshausen and Gerhard Kahl. All of them date back to the Roman Imperial period. One of the stelae stands out for its unusually high-quality stone carving (no. 8); it was erected by a veteran for his wife. Three other stelae are either composed in a way unusual for Neoklaudiopolis or contain decorative elements, which, until now, are not attested for grave stelae from the territory of this polis: at nos. 1 and 2 a depictive field was inserted between the pediment and the inscription field being separated from the latter by a moulding, at no. 4 a garland is placed above the inscription. Two of the inscriptions use metric language (nos. 4 and 9). Some of them contain rarely attested personal names (nos. 1, 2, 7, 9, 12 and 14). Age information is found in at least two (nos. 10 and 11, possibly also in no. 12). No. 2 and no. 13 are particularly interesting in terms of content. No. 2 mirrors the fate of a man and his mother. In no. 13, the donor of the stele explicitly refers to his deceased wife as his relative – for whatever reason. Finally, in the light of inscriptions nos. 13 and 14, we discuss an inscription published by Christian Marek in an appendix.

The main theme of this article is to reflect on the different possibilities of social mobility of freed individuals at the height of the slave system in south-eastern Brazil. To this end, three trajectories of individuals and their family groups were chosen to be monitored, having in common the fact that their lives were led in rural areas. The mobilization of resources such as access to land and slave ownership as well as family agency operated the main factors of social distinction and consequently access to vertical mobility.

This article examines a pivotal moment in the campaign for political rights mounted by free men of colour in Saint-Domingue during the era of the French and Haitian Revolutions, when the leaders of the free coloured movement were able to force white political leaders to agree to a revolutionary set of demands known as the concordats. Having taken place in the shadow of the August 1791 slave rebellion in the northern part of the colony, the concordats have traditionally been overlooked and understudied by historians of the Haitian Revolution; however, they reveal valuable insights into the political thought of Saint-Domingue's free coloured leaders, who sought to erase white supremacy in political, legal, and social arenas while simultaneously maintaining slavery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Historia (07169108) is the property of Universidad de Concepcion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims at examining the way Constance Fenimore Woolson tackled the controversial issue of rebuilding the nation and redefining American citizenship after the Civil War in Rodman the Keeper: Southern Sketches, a collection of short stories released in 1880. The narratives explore the tensions between white Northerners, white Southerners, newly released African American slaves, and the Minorcans of Florida. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on African Americans, freedmen, and ex-slaves being considered contraband under the Confiscation Act. Topics include contraband camps becoming the foundation for postwar segregated neighborhoods; and exploding with snipers dividing the streets, vapor trails dividing the sky, words collapsing like bombed building.

Historians have demonstrated that white men used sexual violence as a weapon of terror after the Civil War to re-establish and strengthen white supremacy. Freedwomen's testimonies against this violence have also been analysed as a key site of resistance in which women crafted alternative narratives about race, gender, and freedom. Little attention has been paid to the roles freedmen played in these processes, however. This article examines two ways in which black men shaped understandings of sexual violence against black women in the Reconstruction period: as allies and as perpetrators. In doing so, this work adds critical nuance to understandings of sexual violence in the Reconstruction South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across his corpus, Augustine strikingly and recurrently deploys the three cognate metaphors of slavery to sin, redemption from sin, and slavery to God. I argue that Augustine’s use of these theological metaphors is thoroughly contoured by the legal and social strictures governing slavery and freedom in the later Roman empire. To develop this argument, I pay close attention to the economic and legal connotations of some key terms in Augustine’s lexicon of salvation—like manumissio, redemptio, and libertas—and seek to tease out the social, legal, and economic logic they encapsulate. As I show, the concept of dominium underwrites Augustine’s description of the prelapsarian ordo naturalis as a chain of hierarchical relationships: between God and man, soul and body, male and female. The notion that human beings are enslaved to sin, subject to the condicio servitutis from birth, evokes the situation of laboring tenants (coloni) bound to the land through their origo. Moreover, the bishop of Hippo’s descriptions of captivity to the devil and liberation through the interpellation (interpellatio) of God the Redeemer are informed by the contemporary reality of barbarian captivity and liberales causae, so richly described in Augustine’s Letter 10*. Finally, Augustine’s characterization of Christian service in terms of a state of simultaneous freedom and servitude implicitly draws upon the legal norms governing the relationship of freed captives to their redeemers, as well as the obligations of obsequium and gratia which freedmen owed to their former masters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the life of formerly enslaved African American dressmaker Elizabeth Keckley. Topics discussed include her significant association with former U.S. First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln, the controversies surrounding her 1868 memoir "Behind the Scenes: Or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House," and the relationship between Black and White women in the Southern U.S. during the 19th century.

In this article, I consider the omission of Phaedrus in Seneca's Consolatio ad Polybium 8.3-4. I suggest that Seneca's silence on Phaedrus can be read on multiple levels. On the one hand, it may be considered as an 'homage' to Polybius, included among the Romana ingenia for having been the first to compose fables defined as 'intemptatum Romanis ingeniis opus'; on the other, it enacts a censorship toward the entire category of freedmen, who had great impor- tance during the reign of Claudius. The omission of Phaedrus offers another demonstration of how patent flattery and veiled criticism can coalesce in this consolation, generally stigmatized as a work of shameful opportunism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An understanding of the history of slavery is central to the analysis of discrimination against black people in Tunisia. Black community in North Africa is connected to the slave trade. Even though slavery was abolished in Tunisia since 1846, black Tunisians still face discrimination related to their ancestors. This is reflected in the everyday use of words such as abd or wşīf [slave], ka'lūš [a pejorative term for "black"] and šūšān [which translates to "liberated slave"] which are widely used to identify a black person. As we will see, in Tunisian Arabic language blackness as a physical characteristic often hints at an alleged slavery past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Historical Thought / Historijska Misao is the property of Society of Historians of Tuzla Canton and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In "The U.S. Army's Transition to Peace, 1865-66" Clayton R. Newell and Charles R. Shrader examine the actions taken by the Union Army in the year following the Civil War to demobilize the victorious army of more than one million volunteers; reduce the number of personnel, scale back the operations, and dispose of surplus equipment, supplies, and facilities of the various staff departments; and recruit the units of the Regular Army up to authorized strength. They then proceed to discuss the new missions assigned to the Army's administrative and supply departments, including management of the Freedmen's Bureau; caring for the disabled veterans and the fallen; and assembling the official records of the War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on free African American Denmark Vesey and his membership within the African Church in Charleston, South Carolina, a branch of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. The author explains Vesey's role in the so-called insurrection "Vesey conspiracy" of 1822, which lead to his execution, and explores the roles of Charleston intendant James Hamilton Jr. and United States Supreme Court Justice William Johnson Jr.

The article discusses the history of Oberlin Village, a neighborhood established by African American freedmen in Raleigh, North Carolina during the Reconstruction period. Topics explored include the notable people that contributed to the construction of the village such as then legislators James Henry Harris and Wilson W. Morgan, the freedom and land ownership opportunity given to village residents, and the sale of land by the Cameron and Mordecai families to a freedman in the 1800s.

This article investigates how the manumitted in Suriname used wills and testaments to construct their social worlds. Wills enabled the manumitted to transmit their possessions and instructed those who survived them how to care for each other. Historians have made different assessments of the community of freedmen in Suriname, either seeing an anti-slavery solidarity among them or a vicious use of the institution of slavery even with regard to close kin. By closely reading the entire corpus of wills drawn up by manumitted people between 1750 and 1775, this article traces what these people tried to dispose of, how they did so and the effects of their wills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay argues that formerly enslaved people participated in antebellum conversations about slavery and freedom, defining both in terms of the liberty and integrity of families. While liberal republican ideology insisted that an unquenchable love of liberty would lead worthy men to rise up and claim their freedom, ex-slave narratives insisted that deserving black men and women might sacrifice personal liberty in the name of family values. Nineteenth-century political theory commonly associated freedom with 'autonomous, self-directed individuals.' Black Americans, however, suggested a collective, contingent version of liberal republicanism which reflected their own ethics, brought together the intellectual and emotional foundations of anti-slavery thought, and made abolitionism especially meaningful to a growing middle class that increasingly valorized sentimental conceptions of family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the Pralltown neighborhood of Lexington, Kentucky, and the concept of the "unsuccessful" urban renewal project. Pralltown was created for and by freed slaves following the Civil War, and for virtually its entire existence, it has endured public policy efforts to change the neighborhood in order to address its real or perceived failings. By framing the two urban renewal projects proposed for Pralltown as points in a long line of reform efforts, this article draws attention to the persistent need for residents of postbellum African American neighborhoods to devote time and energy countering policies of marginalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on runaway enslaved people in the state of Texas between 1845 and 1865. The author uses archival documents, newspaper stories, and ex-slave narratives, as well as the Texas Runaway Slave Project (TSRP), to analyze how enslaved filed hands and cowboys used horses and mules and how they impacted Texas agricultural operations.

The paper aims to analyze some aspects of the experiential reality had by the freedmen (libertos) in 18th. Century Piura. It focuses on the economic and social activities developed by the African marriage of Juan de Sojo and María Mercedes de Céspedes working as tanners in the casa-tina, an important city industry. It was found that with this work the freedmen couple earned an amount with which they could bought their and their children freedom. This African marriage were also able to carry out another common economic practices like buying a property, negotiating slaves and making transactions with the city neighbors. They also had the opportunity to left demands to save their souls at the last moment. In summary: these freedmen marriage were main characters of their own destiny at a moment where slavery was passing its peak period in the economic system development of colonial Piura. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Documenta & Instrumenta is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)