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The article analyzes the transformation of migration policy in France in recent years. French immigration policy, following in the wake of the common course of the European Union, implies the adoption of increasingly restrictive laws in an assimilationist logic. The changes also apply to immigrants from Africa, who make up 46.1% of all immigrants living in France. Based on the analysis of statistical data and official documents regulating migration between the EU and France on the one hand and African countries on the other, the article examines the historical context and the current state of the African immigrant community in France, and draws conclusions about the excessive politicization of the immigration issue. The reasons for the migration of Africans to France, the composition of communities, and the situation of African immigrants in France are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the causes and consequences of the politicization of the migration problem in France. The article examines the latest changes in French immigration legislation and their impact on the situation of African immigrants. It is concluded that in modern French political discourse, immigrants of African descent are represented as problematic groups of the population unsuitable for integration into the French society. The risk of forming the immigration policy for reasons of political expediency lies in the fact that immigrants from African countries find themselves in an increasingly disadvantaged position in France.

The paper presents the current situation as regards the circular economy in agriculture in Romania, while also taking into consideration its global impact. We have here a system globally endorsed by the United Nations. It is also important for regional organisations such as the European Union or la Francophonie as the circular economy seems to have a high number of advantages in tackling climate change, creating a sustainable food chain, improving the organic character of the agriculture, etc. From that perspective Romania represents an interesting case study as it is both a European Union member state and a member of the Francophonie. It thus follows both sets of rules and recommendations in order to improve its status. The paper uses the bibliographic method and reviews the main documents that settle this aspect and presents the legal framework for circular economy. The put into practice of the circular economy in the Romanian agriculture would bring a series of advantages (environment, food safety, etc.) while also requiring systemic transformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A substantial number of Lebanese films feature characters who speak French. While the inclusion of these characters is often justified at the narrative level, in certain instances, their presence cannot be solely explained by the narrative and appears to be more attributable to the context of the production of these films, particularly due to the dependence of Lebanese cinema on French funding. Many filmmakers have connected the use of the French language to the conditions set by French funds. However, it is noteworthy that these funds seldom explicitly mandate the use of French. A closer examination of this phenomenon reveals an implicit set of guidelines imposed by French funders, facilitated through French diplomatic institutions, and a tendency among some Lebanese filmmakers to conform to these expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In March 2007, a manifesto entitled ‘Pour une “littérature-monde” en français’, appeared in Le Monde. Signed by forty-four writers, the piece announces a ‘révolution copernicienne’ against the hierarchized distinction between French and Francophone literature which continues to prevail. Since its publication, academics have debated the validity of the proposed terminology and posited a number of alternatives. The result, I argue in this manifesto which serves as a response, is of having once again taken the floor from the writers themselves. I instead advocate for listening to their own voices in (self-)defining literatures of French expression.

Learning the dominant language of the receiving society is arguably key to ensuring immigrant integration. While this is important for immigrants who are not fluent in the receiving countries' official language(s), in this article, we examine the significance of using an official, but minority language (French) in Canada's Anglophone provinces. We focus on the Francophone minority community (FMC) in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, as a 'third space' for French-speaking immigrants' integration. While the government considers FMCs as primary spaces of French-speaking immigrants' integration, we interrogate their actual role in their everyday experiences in the multicultural context of Metro Vancouver. This article presents findings from a critical ethnography about French-speaking immigrants' participation in Francophone community sites. Methods included observations in Francophone community sites as well as interviews with twenty French-speaking immigrants and six representatives of Francophone community sites. Findings suggest that the FMC constitutes a 'third space' that supports immigrants' integration by playing an 'in-between' role in relation to the mainstream Anglophone society and participants' ethnocultural communities. Furthermore, we argue that FMCs – as official, but minority language communities – constitute a unique hybrid mix of dominant and subaltern positions that offer possibilities for refining conceptualizations of 'third space'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to illuminate literary Francophony through the poems of Hassan Honarmandi (2002-1928) in Iran, exploring themes such as Iran, anxiety, woman, daughter of the ocean, colors, and explicit disgust. Honarmandi is considered a fervent supporter of the Baroque-Romantic literary movement in Iran. Furthermore, the elements of "dream" and "emotions" are essential for unraveling the roots of Franco-philic poetry, drawing inspiration from the black romanticism of Gerard de Nerval's "Aurelia" and the passionate romanticism of Charles Baudelaire's "The Passing Stranger." Additionally, the Iranian poet's inclination to embrace French poetry is rationalized by seeking refuge and venturing into the European realm, where the distinct parallels and kinships between his compositions and those of other French poets become evident. Therefore, we will try to show that the works of Iranian poet can be considered as a productive factor in the spread of French poetry in Iran, and this is realized in accepting the works of French authors. This research aims to analyze the socio-cultural dimensions of Franco-philic poetry, emphasizing the literary achievement of Hassan Honarmandi in Iran, with a focus on the fundamental themes of "pessimism" and "despair" embedded in Franco-philic poetry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, the author discusses issues in French studies, particularly the meaning of Francophonie as a concept and as an institution. Also cited are the works of authors Frantz Fanon and Léon-Gontran Damas on the French language and French colonies, and the limitations of colonial organizations of language, literature, and culture.

In the article, the author discusses the potential effects of French and Francophone studies on the issue of denomination. Also cited are how the categories of French and Francophonie are used for socioeconomic and sociopolitical purposes, how colonialism promoted the French language, and the attributes of Francophonie in academic, cultural, social, and political aspects.

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Copyright of Journal of Language & Law / Revista de Llengua i Dret is the property of Revista de Llengua i Dret and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En reprenant le sujet d’étude des Nouveaux Cahiers de l’IFAS consacré au “dix ans (1994-2004) d’échanges littéraires entre l’Afrique du Sud et la France”, l’article analyse la stratégie et le rôle des traducteurs des littératures francophones en Afrique du Sud. En utilisant les outils de la sociologie de la traduction, je montre comment les œuvres d’auteurs francophones s’insèrent dans le circuit littéraire sud-africain tout en établissant une forme de continuité de la francophonie littéraire. Par le biais d’une enquête, j’établis une bibliographie de dix-sept œuvres traduites et, par des échanges avec les traducteurs et la consultation de divers types de sources documentaires, je précise le rôle des différents acteurs littéraires, culturels et politiques dans la production de ces traductions. Je constate que les traductions, réalisées principalement par des universitaires, sont publiées avec le soutien d’institutions françaises. Les œuvres traduites en anglais sont généralement liées à la contestation de l’hégémonie mondiale de cette langue; celles traduites principalement en afrikaans s’expliquent aussi par l’affirmation identitaire et linguistique des traducteurs. Ces derniers, souvent membres du corps académique, cherchent à témoigner de la présence française dans l’histoire de l’Afrique du Sud et confirment, par le choix des œuvres, la domination d’un canon littéraire européen. La retraduction est l’un des facteurs qui expliquent la continuité d’un canon historique occidental, tandis que le nombre limité de traductions des œuvres d’écrivains africains souligne également l’absence de traductions dans les langues continentales, bantoues, etc.

Founded in 1922 after an agreement between the French and Bulgarian governments, the French Institute in Sofia, opened the same year by the Minister of Public Instruction at the time, Mr. Omarcevski, introduced a new element of political support to the French culture and its institutions in Bulgaria compared to the first French Institutes, created at the beginning of the century. On the other hand, this Institute has established itself as the almost essential intermediary between the University of Sofia and the French universities at that time, with a significant contribution to the development of the Francophonie in Bulgaria, which brings it closer to its predecessors in Florence and Athens. The Sofia Institute has continued to develop. It is far from being a simple instrument for disseminating French culture in Bulgaria. In view of its organization and its historical operation, this institution seems to be, since 1937 and still today, a good example, in the spirit and according to the conception of perspective of the contemporary French Institute. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial adventure of "Écrits Inédits" ("Unpublished Writings") ended with the publication, in Bulgaria, by Potaynitche editions, of a last essay on poetry, върху поезията, by Lubomir Guentchev. Ten titles had been published previously, in France, by Rafael de Surtis editions, between 2003 and 2020, in the collection of "Écrits Inédits" ("Unpublished Writings") by this Bulgarian poet condemned to silence and oblivion during the time of totalitarianism in Bulgaria. This author was however a very active translator, from Bulgarian into French and from French, as well as from German, into Bulgarian. He was also a great poet, in Bulgarian and in French, in the secret of his revolt. He left several lyrical dramas and essays on theater and poetry. Poetic creation was his profound vocation. The adventure of publishing his "Écrits Inédits" is a tribute to his creative sensibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to better envisage the penetration of French language and culture in Wallachia and Moldavia, a phenomenon that marked Romanian society's entry into modernity from the early 18th century until the first decades of the 19th century, one should refer to the cultural impact of the Phanariotes' reigns in the Romanian Principalities. The Francophonie of these Greek noblemen from Constantinople, who acted as dragomans and councilors of the sultan (allowing them, in turn, to be named reigning princes in Bucharest and Jassy), quickly became a model to the entirety of the Moldo-Wallachian high society. During their reigns, the educational institutions from the two capitals already taught French in their programs. Readings and translations from French authors increased in number, as French became not only the language of culture, but also the language of diplomacy. In the early 19th century, the Francophonie of the upper classes acted as a linguistic passport in the long process of their Europeanisation and, consequently, it facilitated the modernization of the Romanian society in its entirety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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ABSTRACT: This article offers a general introspection on the French-speaking world and the teaching of French as a foreign language in Algeria, the challenges of this matter, strategies and teaching methods used in our educational system but also the significant position of French in society and challenges encountered in acquiring this language particularly as a teaching device. RÉSUMÉ : Cet article propose une réflexion générale sur la francophonie et l’enseignement du FLE en Algérie, les enjeux de ce dernier, les stratégies et les méthodes d’enseignement utilisées dans notre système éducatif mais aussi la place significative du français dans la société et les défis rencontrés dans l’acquisition de cette langue particulièrement comme dispositif d’enseignement.

The notion of francophonie still raises many questions in various fields, such as the didactic, economic, political, and media fields, among others, making it difficult to understand the concept. In this article, we analyze the ways in which the discursive contours of the francophone issue and its representation in the discourse of the Colombian print media are defined, based on a corpus of 35 journalistic articles. To this end, we combined textometric analyses obtained with the Iramuteq® software with linguistic discourse analysis tools, in order to propose an interpretative hypothesis. On this basis, we were able to demonstrate that, in the Colombian print media, the issue of francophonie is mainly elaborated on the basis of its relationship to the French language and, more concretely, on the basis of its pragmatic aim, which configures a discursive register of education and work. In addition, there is a quest linked to the desire for social mobility, where language takes on the role of auxiliary, even in the absence of cultural, social, political or historical dimensions. From this point of view, its learning and its use are reduced to a rather technical and individual subject without considering its complex character also constituting the social.

Context and background: The knowledge society is a paradigm shift in form and substance. Open Science (OS) is a worldwide movement that aims to make research products accessible and that is accelerating with technological potential. It is based on a number of principles: broad and unfettered access and dissemination, sharing and spin-off of research products with civil society. Purpose and analysis: SO includes free and open access to articles, access to source data, data analysis, availability of preprints, open evaluation. In this context, the French-speaking world, through the heterogeneity of its situations and its linguistic homogeneity, appears to be a privileged field for observation and experimentation. GRISOF, which works to improve French-speaking research in medical science and health, proposes, based on its experience, a few practical keys for clinical researchers, biomedical researchers and public health researchers, directs its reflection towards evaluation and intensifies its roadmap on training. If English is the predominant language, automatic language processing (ALP) is a technological opportunity. Open access to articles provides an opportunity for work in French to become better known, just as digital translation provides access to articles in other languages. Conclusion: Open access to articles improves the depth and breadth of students' knowledge. It is an essential component of research learning. Engaging students in open publication of their own work is a way to raise awareness of open science practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article delves into Nadia Boulanger's artistic legacy in Romania, examining the profound influence of her teachings and the nuanced ways in which her distinctive personality resonated with Romanian musicians. Nadia Boulanger, a figure of intricate complexity, defies easy categorization, yet her indelible impact on the 20th century remains unquestionable. A composer, conductor, and educator, she became a beacon for virtually every prominent musician of her era. Moreover, her significance is heightened by the fact that she was one of the pioneering women in the field of composition. Nevertheless, there were also select Romanian artists who were fortunate recipients of her guidance. Through the prism of testimonials and meticulously preserved archival documents, we will summon their presence: Maria Cernovodeanu, Dinu Lipatti, Florica Musicescu, Cornel Țăranu. This commemoration stands as our tribute to 30 years of Francophonie in Romania and the craftsmen who contributed to it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Akofena is the property of Universite Felix Houphouet Boigny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dans le contexte de la colonisation française, les chantres noirs ont développé des moyens pour prendre leur revanche de leur persécuteur : Ils s’expriment dans les mots de l’oppresseur mais ils rejettent sa culture. Ils parleront cette langue pour la détruire. Autrement dit, il s’agit de « déconstruire le français pour le reconstruire sous une forme africaine ».Léopold Sédar Senghor, s’inscrit dans cette démarche de « négrifier » le français selon l’expression de Michel Beniamino. En procédant ainsi, Senghor, à l’instar des hérauts noirs, ne finiraient-ils pas par « coloniser » la langue de leur oppresseur ? Le colonisateur ne devient-il pas colonisé dans sa langue ? Voilà les questions auxquelles nous allons essayer d’apporter des éléments de réponse à partir de l’expérience poétique de Senghor. Abstract As it pertains to the French colonization, the black have developed means and tricks to express their revenge on their persecutor: They express themselves using the words of the oppressor, but they refuse his culture. They will speak that language in order to destroy it. In other words, it is a question of "deconstructing the French to reconstruct it in an African form".Léopold-Sédar Senghor is part of this process of "negrifying" the French according to the expression of Michel Beniamino. Via proceeding in this way, Senghor, like the black heralds, would they not end up "colonizing" the language of their oppressor? Doesn't the colonizer become colonized in his own language? These are the questions to which we will attempt to bring into discussion the elements of answer, starting from the poetic experience of Senghor.

La littérature féminine africaine francophone au Cameroun commence à avoir un impact éditorial de plus en plus visible, bien que ses débuts soient timides. Cette littérature a commencé comme une expression des sentiments de la population indigène, ainsi qu’un espoir de création d’un pays indépendant. La recherche en traductologie sur la relation écrivaine – traductrice au Cameroun a été complétement négligée. L’impact de la littérature camerounaise et ses traductions en espagnol, notamment le cas de la traduction de l’œuvre La saison de l’ombre (2013) de Léonora Miano est donc de plus en plus considérable. La relation entre la traductrice et l’écrivaine peut être très utile pour résoudre certains problèmes de traduction dont l’influence de la littérature orale, qui rend unique cette littérature globale.

Introduction au numéro spécial.

Dans le cadre de cet article, trois chercheuses-praticiennes partagent une réflexion développée lors d'une étude de soi menée dans le contexte universitaire de la formation initiale à l'enseignement du/en français en milieu minoritaire. À travers des vignettes autoethnographiques et en pensant avec la théorie de la perspective bilingue du bilinguisme, elles expliquent comment elles en sont arrivées à mieux comprendre leurs réactions respectives par rapport à l'utilisation de l'anglais dans des contextes d'éducation en français. En adoptant une démarche réflexive, notamment au sujet d'un sentiment intense d'aversion (« ARKK! ») ressenti lors du recours à l'anglais dans ces contextes d'éducation en français, les trois auteures expliquent comment elles ont réussi à mieux comprendre ce sentiment. C'est à travers leurs conversations entre amies critiques qu'elles ont notamment pu repenser leurs pratiques pédagogiques et les dynamiques internes d'une communauté professionnelle francophone hétérogène. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sixteenth-century effort to strengthen and improve the Dutch language has long been considered in terms of francophobia: by rejecting French influence, such as loanwords, the Dutch language could emancipate itself. This article explores to what extent the postcolonial notion of Francophonie, used to describe the imposition of the French language in a colonial context, can improve our understanding of the ambivalent sixteenth-century attitude towards the French tongue by native speakers of Dutch. This re-examination of early modern sources on the relation between French and Dutch, mainly the 1584 Twe-spraack, leads to a re-evaluation of the presence of francophobia. Not only is a direct connection between the rejection of French and the support of the Dutch language absent, but, moreover, cases of francofilia can even be attested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Prenant comme point de départ le remake contemporain d’une œuvre phare pour l’histoire des Acadiens (les premiers colons francophones qui se sont installés sur notre continent) cet article présente une démarche pédagogique pour la classe de français qui vise à initier les apprenants à la connaissance de l’histoire du peuple acadien tout en les impliquant dans une mouvance transculturelle. Dans un premier temps une sensibilisation à la notion de transculturalité en tant qu’élément-clé pour appréhender la culture globale contemporaine sera entamée. Dans un deuxième temps, de nature éminemment pratique, l’enseignant de français trouvera une proposition didactique concrète pour faire découvrir à ses apprenants, à partir d’une œuvre d’art contemporaine du peintre acadien Mario Doucette, un événement historique majeur de l’histoire acadienne – à savoir, « Le Grand Dérangement » –. Le travail proposé autour du tableau lui permettra d’engager, auprès de ses apprenants, une réflexion de nature transculturelle, sans négliger pour autant l’occasion de leur faire pratiquer des aspects linguistiques spécifiques de la langue cible. Finalement, un retour sur la notion de transculturalité sera abordé, en vue de soulever son importance dans le cadre de la didactique des langues-cultures étrangères (DLE) et de mettre l’accent sur son potentiel porteur d’espoir.

This article analyzes France’s language policies regarding Arabic instruction, considering the historical relationship with the Arabic language and its speakers, from colonial to postmodern eras. The polemic surrounding Arabic instruction in the schools of the republic is not a nascent political development regarding minority linguistic rights, but, rather, a byproduct of ideologically motivated educational policies that aim to marginalize the role of Arabic, both within the Arab world and the French diaspora. The debate demonstrates the centrality of language ideologies in shaping France’s identities, both nationally and abroad, and the maintenance of French as well as Arabic, the language of France’s largest minority. France has historically promoted the dominance of the French language, including Francophonie’s inception (Kasuya 2001; Vigouroux 2013) in the post-independence era and laïcité in modern-day France (Tetreault 2021). Analyzing current political debates in France shows that the circulating ideologies that characterizes teaching Arabic is not born in a vacuum, but, rather, it continues a legacy of contention that has characterized France’s relationship with the Arabic speaking world.

L'expérience autobiographique francophone égyptienne avait mûri d'une manière extraordinaire aux années trente et quarante, la période même de la floraison littéraire francophone en Egypte, précédant de décennies toutes les théories encadrant le genre autobiographique et légalisant sa pratique depuis l'année marquante 1975, date du début de la théorisation de ce genre sous la main de Philippe Lejeune, le chef de file d'une génération de théoriciens et critiques d'un genre connu de son refus de toute généralisation. La variété même du talent de Ahmad Rassim l'a mené à faire un amalgame de sous-genres autobiographiques: le journal intime, la poésie autobiographique, tous deux représentent une exception et un défi contre l'encadrement de Lejeune, bien que Rassim ait adopté les deux sous-genres pour une finalité artistique et psychologique visant apparemment à tout dire, et effectivement à défier ses contemporains, déjà des écrivains et poètes francophones très renommés, comme Albert Cossery, Georges Henein, Out-el-Kouloub, et autres, et enfin à rivaliser les écrivains et poètes français avec un génie sans pareil, dont ils parlent, eux-mêmes, avec admiration. Le français, pour lui, n'étant qu'une langue étrangère, lui donnait des ailes pour voler plus loin que possible, et pour dire tout ce que sa langue maternelle, l'arabe, l'empêchait de dire. Notre tâche dans cette présente recherche est de mettre en valeur l'unicité de cette expérience autobiographique, et de montrer que les critiques modernes l'accueillent avec beaucoup de bienveillance, loin de toute calcification théorique, comme celle de Philippe Lejeune.

Les ambitions impérialistes de la langue française se sont retournées contre elle-même dans la mesure où dépassant l’assimilation, les africains et surtout les ivoiriens ont fait sienne cette langue en y apportant un foisonnement créatif résultant des pressions linguistiques locales. En effet, ces pressions de toutes parts ont entrainé au niveau de la langue française une très grande porosité aux langues du substrat et à certains particularismes qui contestent son intégrité et sa pureté, en Côte d’Ivoire, au point où la question de sa colonisation devient légitime. Mais pour une langue qui s’aventure si loin de son aire maternelle pour couvrir des aires géographiques et culturelles diversifiées, elle devrait s’attendre à toutes ces interférences que, même si certains appréhendent comme un handicap, beaucoup considèrent comme un grand avantage pour sa dynamique et son avenir car la langue française ce n’est pas seulement celle parlée en France, c’est aussi celle de la périphérie. La langue française donc, plutôt que de s’offusquer d’une colonisation, devrait considérer les apports périphériques comme un enrichissement, un bouillonnement qui devrait donner vitalité à la francophonie. Abstract The imperialist ambitions of the French language have turned against itself to the extent that beyond assimilation, Africans and especially Ivorians have embraced this language by bringing a creative abundance resulting from local linguistic pressures. Indeed, these pressures from all sides have led to a very porosity of the French language to the languages of the substrate and to certain particularisms that contest its integrity and purity, in Côte d'Ivoire, to the point where the question of its colonization becomes legitimate. But for a language that ventures so far from its native area to cover diverse geographical and cultural areas, it should expect all these interferences that, even if some apprehend as a handicap, many consider a great advantage for its dynamics and its future because the French language is not only the one spoken in France, it is also that of the periphery. The French language, therefore, rather than taking offense at colonization, should consider peripheral contributions as an enrichment, a bubbling that should give vitality to the Francophonie.

nouvelles réalités qui émanent souvent des revendications de ses membres. Dans ce de vent de changement, on assiste à un nouveau type de discours qui s’inscrit dans une vision globale de la mondialisation. Notre étude sur les discours de quelques Chefs d’États africains lors des sommets de la Francophonie : le logos au service d’un nouveau type de discours a pour objectif d’analyser ces nouvelles orientations stratégiques. Au terme de cette analyse, les orateurs construisent leur raisonnement autour des arguments de direction, de dépassement pour évoquer ces enjeux lors des sommets. Ce travail s’inscrit dans la continuité des travaux en analyse du discours politique et aussi de la place qu’occupe le logos dans la construction d’un discours

Cette recherche vise l'étude des relations entre le style d'attachement, le soutien social, la symptomatologie psychotraumatique et le fonctionnement global chez des individus franco-ontariens aux prises avec un TSPT. Cent individus ayant un TSPT ont été recrutés dans une clinique externe de psychiatrie. Les données ont démontré qu'il ne semble pas y avoir d'effet combiné du style d'attachement et du type de soutien social sur la symptomatologie psychotraumatique et le fonctionnement global. Il semblerait toutefois qu'un style d'attachement sécure serait en lien avec une moins grande symptomatologie psychotraumatique et un niveau global de fonctionnement plus élevé. De même, il semblerait qu'une quantité adéquate/élevée de soutien social soit en lien avec une moins grande symptomatologie psychotraumatique et un meilleur niveau global de fonctionnement. Une qualité adéquate/élevée de soutien social serait également associée à une symptomatologie psychotraumatique moindre et à un meilleur niveau global de fonctionnement. Finalement et en considération d'une combinaison quantité et qualité du soutien social, il semblerait que le caractère qualitatif du soutien social soit minimalement nécessaire pour favoriser une plus faible symptomatologie psychotraumatique alors que le caractère quantitatif du soutien social serait minimalement nécessaire pour assurer un meilleur niveau global de fonctionnement. En plus de leurs aspects novateurs, les résultats de cette étude viennent confirmer l'hétérogénéité de la population aux prises avec un TSPT et ouvrent la voie à une prise en charge psychothérapeutique bonifiée. This research aims to study the relationship between attachment style, social support, psychotraumatic symptomatology and overall functioning in Franco-Ontarians with PTSD. One hundred individuals with PTSD were recruited from an outpatient psychiatric clinic. The data demonstrated that there does not appear to be a combined effect of attachment style and social support type on psychotraumatic symptomatology and overall functioning. It would seem, however, that a secure attachment style is associated with less psychotraumatic symptomatology and a higher overall level of functioning. Similarly, it would appear that an adequate/high level of social support is associated with less psychotraumatic symptomatology and a better overall level of functioning. Adequate/high quality of social support would also be associated with lower psychotraumatic symptomatology and a better overall level of functioning. Finally, and considering a combination of quantity and quality of social support, it seems that the qualitative character of social support is minimally necessary to promote a weaker psychotraumatic symptomatology, whereas the quantitative nature of social support would be minimally necessary to ensure a better level of social support overall operation. In addition to their innovative aspects, the results of this study confirm the heterogeneity of the population with PTSD and pave the way for enhanced psychotherapeutic management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper focuses on the novel Our Riches [Nos Richesses] published in 2017 by a young Algerian writer, Kaouther Adimi. The book is set in 20th century Algeria and narrates the history of Les Vraies Richesses, a publishing house and library founded in Alger by Edmond Charlot, which is to be closed in 2017 by Ryad, a young Algerian living in Paris, who has come to Alger to do his internship. The aim of the paper is to analyse the French-Algerian relationships depicted in the book and to study whether the novel may be inscribed in the concept of "francophonie". It is divided into three parts. The first one investigates the structure of the book, its language and historical events described by the writer. The second examines the character development and the roles of the main protagonists and the last one focuses on the use of pronouns "you" and "we". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Au printemps 2021, lors du Congrès des sciences humaines à l’Université d’Alberta, nous avons réuni plusieurs chercheurs pour un atelier intitulé « La femme insulaire : du nord au sud, histoire de permanence et de renouvellement » afin d’étudier comment l’héritage colonialiste et/ou esclavagiste des îles a contribué à perpétuer l’image dévalorisante de la femme îlienne, qu’elle soit d’origine autochtone, déplacée ou migrante. Dans le sillage de cette conférence, nous avons recueilli quatre articles traitant l’affranchissement des auteur.e.s insulaires qui cherchent dans l’exploitation de « leur espace littéraire propre » (Paré) un moyen de créer un lieu propice pour renouveler l’image de la femme, questionner les relations politiques, économiques et sociales entre le nord et le sud, le local et le global.

Marie Rouanet est une autrice et chanteuse d’expression française et occitane, de pleine appartenance à une littérature française qui est francophonie intérieure autant qu’elle est bilingue et s’écrit en deux langues. Son œuvre est celle d’un écrivain majeur portant un regard fin et cru sur le monde, inspiré par une grande louange chrétienne. Placée au sein d’un trio poétique qui l’associe à Yves Rouquette et Jean Larzac (Rouquette), elle fait entendre une voix singulière. L’étude proposée ici s’attache à trois de ses livres : Tout jardin est Eden, L’ordinaire de Dieu, et Douze petits mois, dans lesquels sont particulièrement étudiés le rapport au corps, au temps et au jardin.

Les bibliothèques publiques canadiennes jouent un rôle important dans le soutien des communautés de langue officielle en situation minoritaire, tant sur les plans culturel et socio-économique que linguistique. Pourtant, il existe relativement peu de recherches sur les pratiques et l’impact des bibliothèques en contexte linguistique minoritaire. Cette enquête exploratoire présente les résultats d’un sondage pancanadien sur les collections en français des bibliothèques publiques desservant les communautés francophones minoritaires au Canada, en mettant l'accent sur les pratiques du personnel des bibliothèques et leur niveau de satisfaction en ce qui concerne le développement, la promotion et l'évaluation de ces collections. L’analyse des résultats du sondage révèle quatre principaux facteurs, souvent interreliés, qui influencent le développement des collections dans les communautés francophones en situation minoritaire : le niveau de connaissance du français chez les employés, le recours à des fournisseurs et à des intermédiaires, le manque de ressources et de soutien, et le confinement du développement des collections aux contenus pour enfants et aux publics d'âge scolaire. Les résultats de cette étude sont partagés afin de susciter des discussions et une réflexion sur les défis uniques de ce travail.

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Cultural diplomacy has been evolved as a powerful and effective tool in order to ameliorate a country's image to the international audience. Consequently, it gives the opportunity for countries to promote foreign policy's goals and to achieve a standing in the international system. The present paper, after attempting to define the notion of cultural diplomacy, focuses on the case of France. In fact, some important actors that are part of the French cultural network are mentioned. In particular, actors related to the fields of language, education, cinema and media are explored in this policy brief. It is concluded that France has followed a successful cultural diplomacy policy that can inspire other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L’enjeu est de s’interroger sur les représentations littéraires de l’environnement, c’est-à-dire sur le discours que tient l’homme dans ses productions littéraires au sujet de la nature qui l’entoure et des relations qu’il entretient avec elle. À une époque qui voit les textes tournés vers les enjeux environne­men­taux se multiplier une double exigence s’impose : explorer les littératures française et francophone contemporaines, mais aussi revenir à des textes plus anciens pour les examiner à la lumière de notre sensibilité écologique contemporaine.