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V magistrski nalogi so prikazani rezultati spremljanja in analiziranja vzdrževanja gozdnih cest. V ta namen smo na celotni dolžini gozdne ceste Pogorelški križ - Primož (3,564 km) analizirali stanje gozdne ceste pred izvedbo vzdrževanja, analizirali dosedanja finančna sredstva investirana v vzdrževanje, predvideli potreben obseg finančnih sredstev za optimalno sanacijo evidentiranih poškodb, ugotavljali učinke strojne skupine pri izvedbi vzdrževanja ter glede na delovne kapacitete strojev iz strojne skupine predpostavili model optimizacije delovnega procesa glede na specifične razmerevzdrževanja. Rezultati so pokazali, da je gozdna ceste Pogorelški križ - Primož očitno poškodovana in da za popolno sanacijo poškodb potrebujemo kar 16.248,16 Ž finančnih sredstev. Izvrednoteni učinki dela glede na delovno uro posameznega stroja znašajo: rovokopač - 84,77 mʹ/uro greder - 2218,01 m`/uro (3042,93 m2/uro) kamion s prikolico - 227,39 mʹ/uro (18,24 t/uro ali 9,70 m3/uro) nakladalnik nasipnega materiala - 221,83 t/uro (117,99 m3/uro) in vibrovaljar - 3321,87 mʹ/uro (5647,18 m2/uro). Kot ozko grlo v procesu vzdrževanja se je izkazal predvsem kamion s prikolico zaradi razpoložljivega števila kamionov in velike transportne razdalje. Časovna izkoriščenost strojev iz strojne skupine za vzdrževanje gozdnih cest je torej močno odvisna predvsem od delovnih kapacitet kamiona s prikolico. In the master's thesis, the results of changes and analysis of forest roads maintenance are demonstrated. The condition of the forest road Pogorelški križ- Primož before the maintenance, and previous financial resources investedin the maintenance have been analysed financial resources required for optimal maintenance of the recorded damage were predicted the efficiency of the machine fleet used in the maintenance works was assessed, and optimization model was predicted in accordance with the specific conditions of maintenance, and considering work capacity of machines. The results have shown that the forest road Pogorelški križ - Primož is apparently damaged, and that the complete maintenance of the damages on the road would require financial resources of Ž 16.248,16. The assessed efficiency of work, regarding the work hour of an individual machine is: backhoe loader - 84,77 m`/hour motor grader - 2218,01 m`/hour (3042,93 m2/hour), a truck with a trailer - 227,39 m`/hour (18,24 t/hour 9,70 m3/hour), loader - 221,83 t/hour (117,99 m3/hour), and vibrating roller - 3321,87 m`/hour (5647,18 m2/hour). The distance between the sand quarry and the site, and the limited number of trucks with trailers proved to be a bottleneck in the process of maintenance. Time utilisation of the machines in the machine fleet for maintenance of the forest roads thus depends heavily on the capacity of a truck with a trailer.

Podjetništvo mladih je dandanes zelo razširjeno in vse bolj moderno. Razlogi za to so lahko različni od osebnih razlogov, pa do sprememb v gospodarskem sistemu. Mladi se po končanih študijih ne zaposlujejo več na enak način kot nekoč. Opravljena raziskava v okviru diplomskega projekta je potrdila, da mladim velikokrat pri srcu leži bolj to, da ustvarijo nekaj svojega in da so pri svojem delu neodvisni dolgočasno jim je vsak dan sedeti na enem in istem mestu ter vsak dan delati nekaj monotonega. Mladi danes radi raziskujejo ter odkrivajo nove stvari. Ustanovitev lastnega podjetja pa zahteva veliko mero odgovornosti, zagnanosti, vztrajnosti, prav tako zahteva določene finančne vložke in premagovanje ovir. Diplomski projekt je sestavljen iz dveh delov. V prvem delu smo predstavili temeljne pojme podjetništva, podjetništvo mladih, kako pridobiti finančna sredstva za nova podjetja, poleg tega pa smo predstavili tudi, s katerimi težavami, ovirami in tveganji se srečujejo podjetja ob ustanovitvi. Za namen drugega dela diplomskega projekta smo sestavili anketni vprašalnik ter v intervjujih s predstavnikoma dveh podjetij, pridobili dodaten, neposreden pogled na podjetniško pot mladih podjetnikov, napisano teorijo pa smo dodatno predstavili in potrdili. Youth entrepreneurship is nowadays widespread and increasingly modern. The reasons for this, could either be personal, or could depend on the changes in the economic system. After finishing their studies, young people do not get employed like they used to. The research carried out in the framework of this bachelors degree confirmed that young people are more likely to enjoy more at creating something of their own while being independent for them it is boring to sit in one and the same place every day, and do something monotone. Young people today want to explore and discover new things. Establishing one`s own business requires a great deal od responsibility, enthusiasm, perseverance, and also requires certain financial inputs and overcoming obstacles. This bachelor project consists of two parts. In the first part, we present the basic concepts of entrepreneurship, the entrepreneurship of young people, how to obtain financial resources for new companies and we also presented the problems, obstacles and risks that the companies face when they are founded. For the purpose of the second part of this bachelors project we prepared a questionnaire and interviewed representatives of two companies, which gave us a direct view of the entrepreneurial path of young entrepreneurs, and we additionally presented and confirmed the written theory.

Diplomsko delo sega na področje javnih financ na lokalni ravni, natančneje na ravni občine Velika Polana. Lokalna samouprava je eden od temeljev demokracije. Danes označuje pravico in sposobnost lokalne skupnosti, da v mejah ustave in zakonov predpiše in ureja pomemben delež javnih zadev lokalne narave z lastno odgovornostjo in v interesu lokalnega prebivalstva. Temo upravljanje s finančnimi sredstvi občine Velika Polana sem si izbrala, ker se želim kot občanka občine Velika Polana podrobneje seznaniti z njenimi nalogami, financiranjem ter porabo proračunskih sredstev. Diplomsko delo je razdeljeno na dva dela, na teoretičen in praktičen del. Pri pisanju teoretičnega dela sem se predvsem naslanjala na veljavno zakonodajo s področja financiranja občin, ter upravljanje s finančnimi sredstvi v lokalni skupnosti. Občine morajo opraviti svoje naloge, saj so te bistvenega pomena za lokalno skupnost, za zagotovitev teh nalog pa občine potrebujejo finančna sredstva. Sistem spremljanja delovanja, ki se odraža na podlagi sprejetega proračuna, imenujemo proračunsko računovodstvo. Občinski proračun je kot eden izmed temeljnih dokumentov občine, saj podrobneje prikazuje financiranje občine. V praktičnem delu sem predstavila občino Velika Polana, analizirala sem proračun in zaključni račun občine Velika Polana za leto 2015. Na podlagi primerne podlage sem primerjala občino Velika Polana v zadnjih petih letih, ter analizirala koliko sredstev namenijo Pomurske občine za investicije. The degree paper discusses the matter of public finances on a local level, more specifically on a level of municipality of Velika Polana. Local self-government is one of the basic elements of democracy. It denotes the right and ability of local community that according to the laws and constitution regulates and organizes an important part of public matters, which are usually local, but of a great responsibility and more importantly in interest of local population. I decided for the thesis, Management of Financial Means of Local Community (Example Municipality of Velika Polana), because, as a citizen of municipality of Velika Polana, I wish to discuss at greater length their duties, finances and consumption of budgetary means. The degree paper is divided into two parts theoretical and practical part. In theoretical part I focused on valid financial legislation that concerns the financing of municipalities and managing financial means in local community. Municipalities have to fulfil their obligations, because this is crucial for local community and in order to fulfil that, they need financial means. Budgetary accounting is the system that controls the incoming budget. Municipality budget is one of the basic documents of municipality, because it shows their financing. In practical part I presented the municipality of Velika Polana, compared the usage of finances in the last five years, and analyzed the budget and final account for the year 2015. Furthermore, I analyzed the amount of financial means municipalities of Pomurje spend for investments.

S terminom financiranje z obveznostmi do dobaviteljev je obravnavana v magistrskem delu dinamika takšnega financiranja v Sloveniji in Veliki Britaniji v obdobju pred in med finančno krizo. Kadarkoli se plačilo ne opravi sočasno z dobavo blaga oz. opravljeno storitvijo dobavitelja, ta dobavitelj zagotavlja kupcu po definiciji posojilo. Takšen vir financiranja pomeni za podjetje cenejši in hitreje dostopen vir sredstev kot kakršnikoli drug zunanji vir financiranja. Namen magistrskega dela je bil potrditi ali zavrniti dve hipotezi. Kot prvo, da podjetja v času finančne krize hkrati podaljšujejo odlog plačila dobaviteljem in dajejo daljši odlog plačila svojim kupcem. Ter kot drugo, da podjetja, ki delujejo v panogah, ki so bolj podvržena finančni krizi, povečajo financiranje z obveznostmi do dobaviteljev bolj kot tista, ki delujejo v panogah, ki niso. Testiranje je bilo v obeh gospodarstvih opravljeno za panoge finančnega sektorja, gostinstva, kmetijstva, proizvodnje, trgovine in gradbeništva. Pri testiranju prve hipoteze smo agregatne računovodske izkaze posameznih panog v Sloveniji in Veliki Britaniji analizirali z metodo indeksov s stalno osnovo, verižnih indeksov, stopnjami rasti in statističnih koeficientov. Za vse panoge v Sloveniji smo prvo hipotezo dokazano zavrgli, kar pomeni, da podjetja v teh panogah niso hkrati podaljševala in dajala daljšega odloga plačila kupcem in dobaviteljev. Za panoge v Veliki Britaniji smo hipotezo ena zavrgli samo za panogi kmetijstva in finančnega sektorja, za vse preostale panoge pa smo dokazano hipotezo ena potrdili. Pri testiranju druge hipoteze smo dovzetnost posamezne panoge določili na osnovi kriterija upada števila zaposlenih in stopnje realne rasti posamezne panoge. Na osnovi izračuna vezanih in kvantilnih rangov smo določili mesto posamezne panoge glede na vzorec. Panoge, ki so se nahajale v zgornji polovici testiranega vzorca smo upoštevali kot bolj dovzetne. Pri testiranju druge hipoteze smo na ravni obeh gospodarstev, torej Slovenije in Velike Britanije uspeli potrditi drugo hipotezo. Kar pomeni, da so podjetja, ki delujejo v panogah, ki so bolj podvržene gospodarski krizi na območju Slovenije in Velike Britanije, povečale financiranje z obveznostmi do dobaviteljev. In this thesis the term financing with obligations to suppliers is discussed as dynamics of such financing in Slovenia and in the United Kingdom in the period before and during the financial crisis. Whenever the payment is not made concurrently with the supply of goods or services performed, the supplier by definition provides a loan to the buyer. This source of financing is cheaper for the company in provides accessibility of assets quicker than any other kind of external source of financing. The purpose of the master thesis was to confirm or reject two hypotheses. The first hypotheses was that companies during the financial crisis extend the deferral of payments and at the same time give longer delay payments to its customers. The second hypotheses was that the companies operating in sectors which are more prone to financial crisis, increase financing with obligations to suppliers more than those companies who operate in sectors that are not. Testing was made in both economies for the sectors of financial and insurance, agriculture, manufacturing, construction, Wholesale, accommodation and food service activities. Testing the first hypothesis, aggregate accounts of each tested sector in Slovenia and United Kingdom was analyzed by indices with fixed base, chain indexes, growth rates and statistical coefficients. For all sectors in Slovenia the first hypothesis was rejected, which means that the companies in these sectors didn’t at the same time lengthen the deferral of payments and gave longer delay payments to its customers. For the sectors in United Kingdom, the first hypothesis was rejected only in the sectors of agriculture and financial and insurance. For all other tested sector, the first hypothesis was confirmed. Testing the second hypothesis, the subjection to the financial crisis for each sector was analyzed based of the employment percentage drop in each sector and each sector growth rates. Based on the calculations of average in quartile ranks, the individual place in the sample for each sector was determined. Sector, positioned in upper half were considered as more subjected to financial crisis. Testing the second hypothesis on the level of both countries, we managed to confirm the hypothesis in Slovenia in United Kingdom, meaning that the companies, operating in sectors which are more subjected to financial crisis, increase financing with suppliers more than those sector who are subjected less.

Diplomsko delo opredeljuje uporabo in neuporabo IKT pri pouku na razredni stopnji. Teoretični del zajema predstavitev temeljnih pojmov in spoznanj, kot so: opredelitev pojmov v zvezi z izobraževalno tehnologijo opremljenost šol z IKT usposobljenost in izobraževanja učiteljev za uporabo IKT stanje uporabe in neuporabe IKT pri pouku prednosti in slabosti uporabe informacijske in komunikacijske tehnologije v učnem procesu na razredni stopnji sredstva, namenjena za nakup opreme in izobraževanja učiteljev interes učiteljev na razredni stopnji za izobraževanja v zvezi z uporabo IKT in razlogi za uporabo oziroma neuporabo IKT pri pouku. V empiričnem delu je predstavljena raziskava, ki smo jo izvedli na naslednjem vzorcu: uporabili smo priložnostni vzorec razrednih učiteljev. Pri anketiranju je sodelovalo 141 razrednih učiteljev, katere smo pri preverjanju razlik razdelili glede na stratum in leta poučevanja. 76 anketiranih učiteljev prihaja s podeželja, 65 pa iz mesta. Celoten vzorec smo razdelili še glede na leta poučevanja, in sicer 1−5 let poučuje 17 anketiranih učiteljev, 6−10 let jih poučuje 14, 11−15 let 27, 16−20 let 19, več kot 20 let pa 64 anketiranih učiteljev. Namen izvedene raziskave je bil ugotoviti oceno opremljenosti šol, pogostost rabe IKT, oceno pomembnosti rabe IKT ter oceno usposobljenosti učiteljev za uporabo IKT. Ob tem smo preverili tudi vlogi stratuma šole in let poučevanja. Rezultati kažejo, da je večina šol dobro opremljena z IKT, vzrok za slabo opremljenost nekaterih šol so finančna sredstva s strani države. Večina učiteljev, zlasti starejših, ocenjuje, da bi ministrstvo moralo nameniti več finančnih sredstev za IKT. Med pripomočki, ki jih ima na voljo večina šol, so: internet v razredu, specializirana računalniška učilnica, tiskalnik in pritrjeni LCD projektor. Pri iskanju razlik glede na stratum po dostopnosti do IKT pripomočkov smo ugotovili, da imajo v mestu boljši dostop do specializirane računalniške učilnice. Največ učiteljev uporablja IKT pri pouku po potrebi, nekaj učiteljev IKT pri pouku še vedno ne uporablja, kar je zelo zaskrbljujoče. Večinoma so to starejši učitelji. Pri pouku se najpogosteje uporabljajo računalnik za učitelje, internet in tiskalnik, najmanj pa prenosni LCD projektor, interaktivna tabla in Moodle. Večini učiteljev se zdi uporaba IKT pomembna, prav tako pa ocenjujejo, da je interes učitelja najpomembnejši dejavnik za uporabo IKT. Izobraževanja za uporabo IKT večina učiteljev ocenjuje kot uspešna. Udeležujejo se jih predvsem učitelji, ki poučujejo več kot 16 let. The diploma work defines the usage and non-usage of ICT in schools on a lower primary school level. The theoretical part includes the presentation of the basic concepts and findings, like: definitions related to educational technology the equipment of schools with ICT qualifications and teacher training for the usage of ICT the usage and non-usage of ICT in classrooms the advantages and disadvantages of using the information and communications technology in the learning process on the lower primary school level the funds for purchasing the equipment and providing the teacher training the teachers’ interest on the lower primary school level regarding the usage of ICT and reasons for usage or non-usage of ICT in class. The empirical part introduces the research, which we performed on the following pattern: we used a casual sample of lower primary school teachers. 141 lower primary school teachers took part in the survey and when verifying the differences they were divided according to the stratum and years of teaching. 76 teachers come from countryside and 65 from the city. The whole pattern has been divided according to the years of teaching, namely: 17 cooperating teachers have been teaching between 1−5 years, 14 between 6−10 years, 27 between 11−15 years, 19 between 16−20 years, and 64 more than 20 years. The purpose of the survey was to establish the evaluation of the schools’ equipment, the frequency of the ICT usage, the importance of the ICT usage and the teachers’ qualifications for the ICT usage. We also established the roles of the stratum of the school and years of teaching. The results show, that most school are well equipped with ICT the reasons for poor equipment of some schools can be seen in the funding from the state. Most teachers, especially older ones, estimate that the Ministry should earmark more financial means for ICT. Among supplies, available in most schools, are: internet in the classroom, specialised computer classroom, printer and fixed LCD projector. When searching for differences according to the stratum and access to ICT supplies we established that city schools have better accessibility to specialised computer classrooms. Most teachers use the ICT in classrooms as circumstances require, but some teachers still never use ICT, which is very concerning. Those are mostly older teachers. In general, among the most frequently used ICTs in classrooms are the teacher’s computer, internet and printer and among the most infrequently used are portable LCD projector, interactive board and Moodle. Most teachers asses the usage of ICT as important and they also believe that the teacher’s motivation is the most important factor in the ICT usage. Most teachers also asses the teachers training for ICT usage as successful. Teachers with more than 16 years of teaching experiences are more prone to attend the trainings.