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In this paper, we investigate an efficient technique for solving fractional integro-differential equations (FIDEs) that have numerous applications in various fields of science. The proposed technique is based upon the Legendre orthonormal polynomial and least Csquares method (LSM). By dividing the domain into n cells, a k-th order polynomial approximate solution in each cell can be obtained by LSM. The unique solvability and stability of the proposed numerical scheme are proven by analyzing the condition number of the matrix of the linear system. Moreover, the optimal convergence order under W22–norm is provided as well. Numerical examples are studied to verify our theoretical discovery. Comparison with the traditional reproducing kernel method and C3-spline method illustrates that our algorithm can obtain a more accurate approximating solution.

Histories of music often present composer-centric narratives, idolizing the role of a singular figure over all other contributors and undervaluing explorations of the collaborative aspects of the compositional process. However, studying performers like Pauline Viardot, who collaborated with composers on the roles created for her, can create a more inclusive narrative. This article explores Viardot's working relationship with Giacomo Meyerbeer in her preparation of the role of Fidès in Le prophète (1849). An examination of journal entries and correspondence, in consultation with the score, demonstrates Meyerbeer's willingness to incorporate her suggestions during the revisions process--from orchestration changes in her aria to changes in a scene that did not include her character. When the opera made its London debut, Meyerbeer chose Viardot to lead the musical direction of the production--a role that included her accompanying at the piano and articulating changes to the score to the other performers. Additionally, as a performer, Viardot's contributions to Le prophète's success were widely noted in contemporary accounts. In exploring Viardot and Meyerbeer's collaborative relationship through these documents, this essay recontextualizes Viardot as a musical co-author and artistic cocreator of Le prophète. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate an efficient technique for solving fractional integro-differential equations (FIDEs) that have numerous applications in various fields of science. The proposed technique is based upon the Legendre orthonormal polynomial and least Csquares method (LSM). By dividing the domain into n cells, a k -th order polynomial approximate solution in each cell can be obtained by LSM. The unique solvability and stability of the proposed numerical scheme are proven by analyzing the condition number of the matrix of the linear system. Moreover, the optimal convergence order under W 2 2 –norm is provided as well. Numerical examples are studied to verify our theoretical discovery. Comparison with the traditional reproducing kernel method and C 3 -spline method illustrates that our algorithm can obtain a more accurate approximating solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El presente artículo realiza un sucinto repaso a la trayectoria de Cn. Pompeyo Magno en las distintas localizaciones donde estuvo destinado, constatando la creación de múltiples lazos de clientela con particulares, comunidades e incluso provincias y reinos. Estos vínculos son contrastados con el papel que este tipo de clientelas jugaron en el decisivo enfrentamiento contra Julio César a partir del año 49 a.C. Mediante este análisis, se propone valorar la verdadera utilidad que este tipo de relación de dependencia tuvo a lo largo del conflicto, así como la eficacia de la clientela provincial como herramienta de control, gestión e integración de individuos y colectivos por parte de determinados personajes en el seno del Estado romano tardo-republicano.

Fractional differential and integral equations are focus of the researchers owing to their tremendous applications in different field of science and technology, such as physics, chemistry, mathematical biology, dynamical system and engineering. In this work, a power series approach called Residual Power Series Method (RPSM) is applied for the solution of fractional (non-integer) order integro-differential equations (FIDEs). The Caputo sense is used for calculating fractional derivatives. Comparison of the obtained solution is made with the Trigonometric Transform Method (TTM) and Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method (OHAM). There is no restrictive condition on the proposed solution. The presented technique is simple in applicability and easily computable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The topic of this paper is the continuity of major religious, moral and ethical concepts of Roman culture in following periods. These are the virtues of the citizen, namely virtus, fides and pietas — which distinguish the Roman citizen as a brave warrior, honest magistrate and pious pater familias. The central one was the duty to the City. Some traces of this tradition can be observed in the most influental sources of the Christian Patristic period, although the very intention of morals has changed: res publica, a common/communal duty, was replaced by the adoration of God. With the view to a representative research, De Civitate Dei by Saint Augustine, the most famous Christian treatise dealing with the state, civic rights, state religion, authority etc. was analyzed. On the one hand, this great book provides multiple suitable illustrations for almost every feature of the continuity between the Ancient pagan culture and Christian intellectual one. On the other hand, it isn’t just a plain comparison of loci classici in pagan and Christian context, one can find the origins of a completely new approach to the world history, which had had an influence on minds of further generations of Christian theologians in Middle Ages and later periods.

Copyright of Romanitas: Revista de Estudos Greco-Latinas is the property of Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Derecho UNED is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper describes the implementation of a comprehensive Virtual Test Bench VTB aimed at the reliability prognosis for photovoltaic inverters. The scheme is based on the Design for Reliability approach, and uses the FIDES reliability prediction methodology to include information about the mission profile. That, in combination with the selected computational tools, provides a fast, low-cost tool for the analysis and reliability prognosis of Photovoltaic Inverters. The VTB usefulness and versatility are demonstrated by way of the analysis and comparison of three inverters: full-bridge, T-type and I-type neutral-point configurations. Meteorological data from the intended installation site was used to develop a mission profile. The results include the Mean Time Between Failures, and both individual and overall failure rates. The VTB is a resource-saving alternative for performing reliability audits of the designs to be prototyped, providing valuable information that saves time in later design cycle stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Early Lithuanian Literature / Senoji Lietuvos literatūra is the property of Institute of Lithuanian Literature & Folklore and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Asking the question of the possibility of forgetting a debt, modifying or even erasing the bond between creditor and debtor, leads to presenting medieval credit in its specificity. This analysis, based on the analysis of notarial and judicial series, considers the structural aspects of the financial economy, thus emphasizing the characteristics specific to the economy of the medieval West (12th-15th Centuries). The debt–the debtor’s point of view–is confronted with its debt, the debt–the lender’s point of view. The opposition between two distinct spheres, that of generosities and that of the interest loan, which would aim to obtain profits, proves not to be binary, just as feudalism does not exclude practices falling under capitalism. Before being an economic mechanism, credit is a social system that creates links through management that plays the structuring tension between memory and forgetfulness.

This article provides a diachronic and overall view to analyze the creation of an identity in medieval Europe expressed in religious and political terms and created from contrasting an internal cohesion confronted towards external otherness. This imposed a conceptual trajectory, begun in the disquisition between pontifical theocracy and imperial Caesorapapism and following through the acceptance of the plurality of feudal monarchies and a segregating reaction in the late Middle Ages, focused on the purity of faith isolating groups and beliefs that could slain the society. The link between divine guidance and people facilitated that the political discourse at the end of the Middle Ages integrated the influence of messianism-millenarianism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The migration crisis of 2015 in Europe had a huge impact on the political field of the European Union. The migration crisis has caused an increase in xenophobia in countries receiving migrants, while at the same time giving a powerful impetus to the revival of nationalism. The Visegrád group countries - the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Hungary - took a particularly harsh position on migration flows and the EU migration regulations. Among these countries, Hungary stands out for its consistent political position, which is resistant to criticism from outside, including from the structures of official Brussels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A görög jogon alapuló hellenisztikus Egyiptom szerződési gyakorlatában a halasztott adásvételi szerződések egy sajátos konstrukciójaként emlegetik az ún. fi ktív kölcsönszerződéseket. Amíg a római jog jól ismertún. konszenzuálszerződéseiről, ekként az adásvételről (emptio venditio), ahol a halasztott adásvételi konstrukciók is peresíthetőek, addig a görög jog mindvégig megmaradt a készvételnél, és ehhez képest csak pótlólagos megoldásokat alkalmazott. Ezen megoldások egyikét jelentették az ún. fi ktív kölcsönszerződések (συγγραϕὴ δανείου), amelyeknél – miként Fritz Pringsheim hangsúlyozza – amennyiben az eladó meghitelezte a vevőnek a vételárat, és az adásvételt kölcsönnek „álcázta", a vétel alapján nem, de a kölcsön alapján perelhet. Több dokumentum is fennmaradt, amely ezt a gyakorlatot tanúsítja, ugyanakkor a legújabb papirológiai kutatások eredményeként ezen okiratok közül némelyek felülvizsgálatra szorulnak a tekintetben, hogy milyen szerződést is tartalmaznak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar (RUHM) is the property of Centro de Estudios de la Guerra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Iurisprudentia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examines the meaning of πίστις Χριστοῦ with respect to the political and religious situations of Paul's Galatian recipients, including the issue of circumcision. When the apostle sent his letter to the Galatian churches, the Gentile believers were returning to the Roman imperial cult; by doing so, they were accepting the emperor as the ultimate authority and benefactor and incorporated into the reciprocity of fides. Through πίστις Χριστοῦ, our apostle criticised and superseded this Roman imperial ideology and the imperial cult. Paul's πίστις Χριστοῦ was intended to advocate Christ's faithfulness in opposition to Caesar's faithfulness. He exhorted the recipients to live in a relationship of πίστις with Christ, not Caesar. Christ's faithfulness and 'the believer's faith in Christ' are not mutually exclusive. Paul deliberately intended the ambivalence of the Greek phrase to denote the reciprocal πίστις between Christ and the believer. The apostle defined the believer's relationship with both the Jewish tradition and the Roman Empire concurrently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the meaning of πίστις Χριστοῦ with respect to the political and religious situations of Paul's Galatian recipients, including the issue of circumcision. When the apostle sent his letter to the Galatian churches, the Gentile believers were returning to the Roman imperial cult; by doing so, they were accepting the emperor as the ultimate authority and benefactor and incorporated into the reciprocity of fides. Through πίστις Χριστοῦ, our apostle criticised and superseded this Roman imperial ideology and the imperial cult. Paul's πίστις Χριστοῦ was intended to advocate Christ's faithfulness in opposition to Caesar's faithfulness. He exhorted the recipients to live in a relationship of πίστις with Christ, not Caesar. Christ's faithfulness and 'the believer's faith in Christ' are not mutually exclusive. Paul deliberately intended the ambivalence of the Greek phrase to denote the reciprocal πίστις between Christ and the believer. The apostle defined the believer's relationship with both the Jewish tradition and the Roman Empire concurrently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the end of the 19th century populist movements emerged as significant actors of the Hungarian politics. The attempts to assess populism appeared to be as ambiguous, as the attempts by politicians and pundits to describe it. The study of its development demonstrates that it is not linked to the traditional division between left and right, but represents dissatisfaction with the established elites in the society. The article considers changing nature of Hungarian populism on different stages of national history. Specific attention is devoted to the content and value of populist policies in the current Hungary.

Copyright of Cartagine. Studi e Ricerche is the property of Cartagine. Studi e Ricerche and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Regarding the puzzling question of Roman law, why fides as a principle of behavior was changed during the pre-classical period into bona fides and whether the adjective bona changes the meaning of fides, the author comes to the following conclusions: The sources point to the fact that the fides was in archaic and pre-classical period used as a basic principle of behavior in public and as well in privat law relations of Romans with other nations. The Romans acted according to this principle also in their internal public law relations. Fides had a wide meaning: it meant behaving as a honorable and correct men, faith (honesty), trust and trustworthiness, as well as an obligation to protect the other party. In that sense fides was a universal principle. As far as the Romans themselves are concerned, fides had also a wider meaning and signified a behavior according to the rules of mos maiorum. The adjective bona appears to regulate newly emerged private law relations in the Roman society. The author joins the opinion of Carcaterra, that this adjective (which in documents sometimes stands alone), served for clarification of wide, and therefore also the undetermined notion of fides, in concrete private law relations. Bona was most probably at the beginning perceived as good behavior in accordance with the rules of mos maiorum. This way, by adding bona to fides started the creation of a new business ethics. Only after some time, in the light of solving more complex problems of business dealings by pre-classical and especially classical jurisprudence, bona fides turned into a standard of honest behavior in business relations. Taking into consideration that the concept of fides and bona fides relates not just business relations of Romans themselves, but also their business dealings with other nations, the following question emerges: was bona fides firstly introduced into the edict by the peregrine praetor, or this principle has been already applied earlier within ius civile? This question however, i.e. the emergence of bonae fidei iudicia, due to its complexity, will be discussed in a separate paper.

El juramento de fidelidad del año 32 a. C. situó a Octaviano al frente de un bloque, liderado por Italia y secundado por las provincias occidentales, preparado para enfrentarse a Marco Antonio, quien estaba secundado por Cleopatra y por los territoriosorientales. Suetonio, Dión Casio y el propio Augusto en las Res Gestae Divi Augusti nos han transmitido la existencia de este juramento. El texto original no se conserva por lo quese ha comparado con otros juramentos de fidelidad, tanto de época republicana como imperial. Nuestro objetivo es estudiar cómo se gestó este juramento, en qué consistía y analizar otros juramentos de fidelidad parecidos al del año 32 a. C. Con este juramento, Italia y Occidente quedaron unidos políticamente a Octaviano de cara al inminente enfrentamiento de éste contra Marco Antonio cuya consecuencia será el paso de la República al Principado.

Recorrido por el uso literario de pudicitia y fides como tópicos amorosos en la poesía latina clásica.

Copyright of Revista Philósophos is the property of Revista Philosophos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Iurisprudentia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Teresa Morgan’s Roman Faith and Christian Faith provides a major new study of the lexicon of ‘faith’ (pistis/fides) in the early Roman Empire. This review essay provides a summary of the book’s contents as well as a critical assessment. The book begins with study of uses of pistis and fides in Greek and Roman sources, in domestic and personal relations, in military and religious contexts. It then moves to the Septuagint, before turning to the New Testament, which is considered in detail. The early Christian sources are unusual in the prominence and weight they give to pistis, but their usage nonetheless fits within the wider social and cultural matrix, in which pistis and fides primarily express the notion of trust and express the importance of trust and fidelity in a wide range of social and religious relationships. In these early Christian sources there is a heavy focus on divine-human pistis, but this creates networks of trusting and trustworthiness that are crucial to the formation and cohesion of early Christian communities. Some critical questions may be raised – for example, concerning Morgan’s heavy focus on divine-human pistis, and her arguments against the early emergence of a titular usage of pistis to denote the early Christian movement – but overall this is an important study which should reconfigure our sense of early Christian (and especially Pauline) pistis, which is less about ‘belief’, whether salvific or propositional, and more about relationships of trust, which are the foundation of community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]