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Microgreens are nutrient-dense foods rich in mineral nutrients and health-benefiting phytochemicals. They are a popular specialty crop with a rapidly increasing industry in the United States (U.S.A.) and worldwide. However, there is a lack of research-based recommendations regarding the feasibility of using hydroponic fiber mats in the production of herbal microgreens and their effects on yield, quality, and nutritional composition. This study assessed shoot development, yield, visual quality, and mineral composition of five herbal microgreen species, including basil, chives, dill, leek, and parsley when grown with four types of hydroponic fiber mats (BioStrate, hemp, jute, and MicroMat) and affected by a single post-emergent fertigation in two experiments. The five microgreens varied in yield, quality, mineral nutrient composition, and their response to substrate type. Chives microgreens produced the highest fresh and dry shoot weights among species when grown with BioStrate, jute, and MicroMat in both experiments. The four substrate types resulted in similar fresh and dry shoot weights in leek and parsley microgreens in both experiments. However, BioStrate and MicroMat increased fresh and dry shoot weights in chives in December compared with hemp or jute mats. Jute resulted in higher fresh and dry shoot weights in basil in both experiments compared with MicroMat. The fiber mats altered mineral nutrient concentrations in tested microgreen species. Hemp mats increased potassium concentrations in basil and dill, while jute mats produced the highest Fe concentrations in the two species and the highest Mn concentration in basil in both experiments. A single post-emergent fertigation increased shoot height and increased concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, iron, zinc, manganese, and boron in one or both experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a high‐gain wearable circularly polarized bow‐tie antenna (WCPBTA) with metamaterial unit‐cells and 5 pins (5Ps) technique for telemedicine applications such as telemonitoring the elderly or the patients especially for emergency conditions of contagious diseases. The frequency range of the proposed antenna is 5.725–5.850 GHz, which belongs to the unlicensed‐national information infrastructure (U‐NII‐3) for the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) sub‐channels. A light‐weight and flexible felt with dielectric constant εr = 3, thickness 1.27 mm, and tan (δ) = 0.0095 is used as the substrate for patient comfort and wearability. The overall dimensions of the proposed antenna are 64 × 62 × 1.27 mm3 or 0.102 λg3 at 5.8 GHz. The maximum simulated gain at 5.8 GHz is 8.25 dB, which is more than 4 dB compared to that of the original bow‐tie antenna. Besides, the axial ratio (AR) and the specific absorption rate (SAR) are also analyzed, which meet the perfect requirement for medical applications. The fabricated prototype of the antenna shows good compatibility between simulation and measurement results. These characteristics make the proposed WCPBTA a good choice for wireless body area networks (WBANs) in telemonitoring applications especially with the aim of preventing the spread of contagious diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile-based antennas are of great importance for wearable devices due to their flexible and compact design, which allows the creation of efficient wearable technologies. However, the use of flexible substrates in wearable antennas presents a number of challenges, including frequency shifts that occur during bending. A comprehensive analysis of the bending characteristics of flexible substrates is absent from the existing literature. The objective of this study is to analyze the performance of a Wi-Fi Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) designed to operate at 2.4 GHz using flexible substrates, such as leather, fleece, and felt, with a detailed examination of their bending characteristics. A bending analysis was conducted to measure the impact on performance metrics, such as return loss, bandwidth, gain, and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) under bending angles from 0° to 17°. The leather substrate exhibited minimal degradation in performance. The antenna demonstrated a return loss below -15 dB, a bandwidth exceeding 4%, a gain exceeding 5 dB, and a VSWR lower than 2.5 across all tested conditions. The leather substrate has emerged as a promising candidate for wearable Wi-Fi applications due to its ability to maintain stable performance metrics under bending conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This paper presents a high‐gain wearable circularly polarized bow‐tie antenna (WCPBTA) with metamaterial unit‐cells and 5 pins (5Ps) technique for telemedicine applications such as telemonitoring the elderly or the patients especially for emergency conditions of contagious diseases. The frequency range of the proposed antenna is 5.725–5.850 GHz, which belongs to the unlicensed‐national information infrastructure (U‐NII‐3) for the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) sub‐channels. A light‐weight and flexible felt with dielectric constant εr = 3, thickness 1.27 mm, and tan (δ) = 0.0095 is used as the substrate for patient comfort and wearability. The overall dimensions of the proposed antenna are 64 × 62 × 1.27 mm3 or 0.102 λg3 at 5.8 GHz. The maximum simulated gain at 5.8 GHz is 8.25 dB, which is more than 4 dB compared to that of the original bow‐tie antenna. Besides, the axial ratio (AR) and the specific absorption rate (SAR) are also analyzed, which meet the perfect requirement for medical applications. The fabricated prototype of the antenna shows good compatibility between simulation and measurement results. These characteristics make the proposed WCPBTA a good choice for wireless body area networks (WBANs) in telemonitoring applications especially with the aim of preventing the spread of contagious diseases.

Oceans/brine offers a massive supply of lithium sources that can support the renewable energy storage system. However, the current lithium extraction processes from seawater are complicated for scalable production. Here, a high‐performance solar‐driven, direct lithium‐extraction felt (DEF) is developed. DEF consists of a reasonable addition of Li1.6Mn1.6O4 particles on polypropylene/polyethylene core‐sheath fibers, which are dark‐colored and can float on top of bodies of water. Compared with the conventional method, DEF shows improved Li‐ion adsorption rate and capacity by solar‐driven. Meanwhile, the fibers' hydrophilicity promotes spontaneous upward transport of water/ions, avoiding concentration polarization. Even for the test using simulated seawater (≈100 kg) with low Li‐ion concentration outdoors, DEF demonstrates high efficiency under natural sunlight. DEF shows good salt‐rejection performance in outdoor real‐time evaporation experiments to ensure working stability. In addition, this method saves the steps of liquid storage, liquid transportation, and pump drive. This work provides an easy, highly efficient, and low‐cost strategy to extract lithium directly from seawater/brine with the assistance of solar energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Felt, one of the primary handicrafts of the Turks, stands as a significant cultural relic for the enduringly nomadic Kyrgyz populace. The art of felting to be up-to-date and popular in today's Kyrgyz society with its variety of uses by adapting to the dynamics of the modern age. Therefore, it is important to examine the evolution of felt in Kyrgyz culture from the past to the present and explore the areas where the tradition of felting is sustained in the modern era. Felt is one of the oldest handcrafts in Kyrgyz culture, and it plays a crucial role in preserving tradition, sustaining culture, and promoting cultural diversity and sustainability. Moreover, embroidery on felt items conveys information about Kyrgyz history, philosophy, lifestyle, mentality, and values. In this context, the present research endeavors to shed light on the role of felt in Kyrgyzstan's cultural economy and tourism, tracking its evolution from the past to the present day. In other words, it examines the significance of felt within Kyrgyz culture, the transformation of felt-based items, and their impact on contemporary Kyrgyz culture, economy, and tourism. To effectively investigate these aspects, printed sources related to the study were reviewed. Then, the data obtained through field research were analyzed in order to show the current appearance of felt. The findings underscore that the tradition of felting serves diverse practical functions in Kyrgyz society, thus explaining the continued usage of felt to this day. Furthermore, it was observed that the evolution and transformation of the felting tradition have made substantial contributions to the nation's cultural economy and tourism sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review article explores the use of agricultural unused sheep wool and petroleum byproducts spilled on the soil to improve the structure of road surfaces. Tiles obtained by saturating a filler made from animal hair, such as sheep's wool, with oil pollutants can be used as a road surface. Since not all types of sheep wool are used, attention is paid to unused types of wool and methods of processing them. Furthermore, the proposed work contributes to the resolution of an environmental problem. Tiles saturated with oil pollutants are laid on geogrids prepared for the road surface. The geometric dimensions of the geogrid are selected depending on the climatic conditions of the region and the condition of the road surface. The proposed method of laying road surfaces improves the quality of roads and reduces construction costs. Moreover, an increase in the service life of the road is achieved through the use of tiles impregnated with residual oil, which does not absorb moisture and does not allow it to penetrate into the road pavement. This results in the prevention of cracking in the road during the winter season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Sciences Studies is the property of Social Sciences Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Social Sciences Studies is the property of Social Sciences Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The object of the research is felt materials and those used for shoe lining: leather, faux fur, baize, fabrics with a membrane coating. The subject of the study is the physical and mechanical properties of felts for the shoe upper and material packages. The main goal of the work is to study the effect of the fibrous composition of the felt and the type of lining on the properties of the shoe upper packages made of materials with a chaotic structure. In the course of the study, the influence of the lining on the shape stability of the shoe upper made of thin felts was evaluated. The analysis of the results was also carried out, which made it possible to draw conclusions about the feasibility of using an alternative technical fine-wool felt in the production of shoes. In the course of the study, the influence of lining materials made from felt of different fibrous composition on the formability, dimensional stability; technological parameters for performing tightening and lasting operations of the shoe upper were determined. This enables to predict the behavior of shoes with felt uppers on the lining, depending on the purpose and service life. The purpose of the research is to ensure that, when developing a technology for manufacturing shoes from materials with an anisotropic chaotic structure, using digitalization, requirements of the parameters of the targeted design of the technological process are followed, considering the purpose of the shoe, the season and the conditions of its use. The results of this study are intended for use in the footwear industry. Объектом исследования данной работы являются материалы валяльно-войлочные и используемые для подкладки обуви: кожа, искусственный мех, байка, ткани с мембранным покрытием. Предметом исследования являются физико-механические свойства войлоков для верха обуви и пакетов материалов. Основная цель работы заключается в изучении влияния волокнистого состава войлока и типа подкладки на свойства пакетов верха обуви из материалов с хаотической структурой. В процессе исследования было оценено влияние подкладки на формоустойчивость верха обуви из тонких войлоков. Также был проведен анализ полученных результатов, который позволил сделать выводы о целесообразности применения альтернативного технического тонкошерстного войлока в производстве обуви. В ходе исследования было установлено влияние подкладочных материалов, изготовленных из войлока разного волокнистого состава, на формуемость, формоустойчивость и технологические параметры выполнения обтяжно-затяжных операций верха обуви. Это позволяет прогнозировать поведение обуви с верхом из войлоков на подкладке в зависимости от назначения и сроков эксплуатации.

The use of wearable devices has promoted new ways of integrating these devices, one of which is through the development of smart textiles. Smart textiles must possess the mechanical and electrical properties necessary for their functionality. This study explores the impact of polymer-felt microstructure variations on their morphology, electrical, and mechanical properties. The application of thermal treatment, along with an electric field, leads to a substantial structural reorganization of the molecular chains within pristine felt. This results in a system of nanofibrils coated with MWCNT-PEDOT, characterized by highly ordered counterions that facilitate the flow of charge carriers. Both temperature and an electric field induce reversible microstructural changes in pristine felt and irreversible changes in coated felt samples. Furthermore, electropolymerization of PEDOT significantly enhances electrical conductivity, with PEDOT:BTFMSI-coated fabric exhibiting the highest conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses felt and the practice of felting from the geography of Turkey, as a way to explore felt's function in material culture. Felting is a method of craft making that consists of compressing fibres (wool or other). Felt, (in Turkish "keçe") can be defined as the outcome product of felting process. However, keçe represents more than just a cloth or a textile. It was an important part of daily life in the geography of Turkey, for instance among nomads who produced their daily necessities from felt. For the study, first, I introduce some felt products from Turkey. Afterwards, I share the processes and results of a field study, through observations and interviews conducted with feltmakers in Tire region in Turkey. Then I share an analysis and results from the product research and field study. Nowadays felt is found through another range of accessories and artistic works, such as decorational products, hair bands, slippers, vase, tumbler, hats. While felt was commonly used for important functions such as carrying, moving; today, other materials are used for these functions. Therefore, felt objects can be perceived and bought as accessories rather than necessities in modern culture. Nevertheless, felt is still used for the representation of identities. Although felt is considered to have lost its value, for the context of Turkey, I argue that the functions have shifted to new contexts. Through different functionalities such as being tools for selfexpressions/ communication, felt has a similar value in the current culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the twentieth century, in the field of textile art there were exhibition events that caused major changes in the attitude of artists and the public towards the two-dimensional or three-dimensional textile art object. Throughout its evolution, the textile art has undergone transformations and turning points, in line with the dominant artistic trends and styles of the time. From the first manifestations in consecrated form, that of a two-dimensional decorative object made of textile fibers in specific weaving techniques, and until now it has oscillated one after the other between the status of first-rate art and applied art, being closely linked to the craft of weaving that preceded it.

At all times, clothing has been the most important element that helps a man to get used to new climatic and geographical conditions, therefore it is able to characterize the picture of society at every stage of its development.At the regional level, clothing research is mainly of a historical and cultural orientation, but ethnographic research of clothing is needed, which would accurately describe the subject of the research, its graphic image, design and technological features, since over time the invaluable experience of its production will be forgotten and lost. The article discusses footwear (clothes for legs) for men, women and children of linear villages, starting from its archaic variants to modern ones; methods for the production of footwear (woven, sewn, molded), materials for the manufacture of footwear – vegetable origin (wood bark, reed stalks, hemp ropes), animal origin (leather, wool) and chemical (rubber), as well as its design and technological features.

The increasing demand for wireless communication in wearable devices has led to the need for wearable antennas with a low profile, flexibility, robustness, low SAR, and acceptable on-body performance for WBAN applications. This study presents a low-profile dual-band wearable antenna for WBAN applications operating at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz. The antenna is integrated with a $3\times3$ artificial magnetic conductor array to reduce backward radiation and improve performance when worn on the human body. It is designed and fabricated on a 2 mm-thick flexible felt substrate with a relative permittivity of 1.3 and loss tangent of 0.044. A 0.17 mm-thick superconductive shieldit material is used as conductive material for the antenna and AMC array. The proposed antenna and AMC array have overall volumes of $0.41\lambda _{0} \times 0.45\lambda _{0} \times 0.016\lambda _{0}$ and $0.83\lambda _{0} \times 0.83\lambda _{0} \times 0.016\lambda _{0}$ , respectively. Results indicate that the AMC structure enhances the antenna’s gain, radiation efficiency, and bandwidth. The use of AMC reduced the SAR by greater than 98% for 1 and 10 g of human tissue at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz. The proposed design is suitable for WBAN applications due to its low profile, flexibility, robustness, low SAR, and acceptable on-body antenna gain and bandwidth.

This study focused on the design and analysis of an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC)-based fabric antenna for body-centric communication. The antenna was made of felt and had a loss tangent of 0.044 and relative permittivity of 1.3. The proposed antenna was built to function in the frequency band centered at 2.45 GHz, widely used in wireless communication devices. The antenna’s performance was evaluated using the electromagnetic simulation software CST MWS. A $50~\Omega $ SubMiniature version connector was used to excite the proposed antenna. A $2\times2$ AMC array was integrated into the antenna below it to improve its performance in terms of radiation efficiency, gain, and backward radiation reduction. The antenna and AMC array were fabricated on flexible fabric substrates. The total volume of the AMC-integrated antenna is $0.55\lambda _{\mathrm {o}}\times 0.55\lambda _{\mathrm {o}}\times 0.016\lambda _{\mathrm {o}}$ . It was demonstrated that adding an AMC array enhanced the radiation properties of the antenna and significantly decreased its back lobes. The on- and off-body maximum gains of the AMC-integrated antenna are (≥ 4.11 dBi) and 5.23 dBi, respectively. Furthermore, employing the AMC array, a significant reduction in the specific absorption rate value, which is (≤ 0.43 W/kg) for human body tissue chest/back and (≤ 0.75 W/kg) for human body tissue arm, was obtained, ensuring safety for human use. The simulated and measured results were in agreement. The tested on- and off-body radiation efficiencies in the frequency band centered at 2.45 GHz is (>67%) and (>83%), respectively. The proposed antenna can potentially be used in various applications such as healthcare monitoring, wearable electronics, and Internet of Things (IoT) systems, where reliable and efficient communication is required in a body-centric environment.

Copyright of Yedi is the property of YEDI (Dokuz Eylul Universitesi Guzel Sanatlar Fakultesi Yayini) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although mulching is a widely used agronomic practice, its effects on the rhizosphere remain poorly understood. Here, we employed amplicon and transcriptomic sequencing to investigate variations in a grapevine rhizosphere system under mulch treatment (rice straw + felt + plastic film). Analyzing 16S and intergenic spacer (ITS) rRNA sequences indicated that the Shannon and Simpson indices of the bacterial and fungal communities increased markedly under mulch treatment. The bacterial and fungal compositions varied significantly between the control and mulch treatments. Mulching enriched for potentially beneficial microbes that confer disease resistance to plants or participate in nitrogen metabolism (Kaistobacter, Ammoniphilus, Lysobacter, Ammoniphilus, Alicyclobacillus, Aquicella, Nitrospira, Chaetomium, and Microascus), whereas more potentially pathogenic microbes (Fusarium and Gibberella) were detected in the control. Moreover, certain bacteria and fungi exhibited different correlations with the root transcriptome functions of the MEBlue module. The complexity of the bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks increased with higher node numbers, positive and negative links after mulching. Following mulching, the rhizosphere showed elevated pH, organic matter, and catalase activities, and decreased sucrase and cellulase and β-glucosidase activities. Our results provide comprehensive data showing how a grapevine rhizosphere system responded to mulching treatment and shed important insight into mulching practices for fruit trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses felt and the practice of felting from the geography of Turkey, as a way to explore felt’s function in material culture. Felting is a method of craft making that consists of compressing fibres (wool or other). Felt, (in Turkish “keçe”) can be defined as the outcome product of felting process. However, keçe represents more than just a cloth or a textile. It was an important part of daily life in the geography of Turkey, for instance among nomads who produced their daily necessities from felt. For the study, first, I introduce some felt products from Turkey. Afterwards, I share the processes and results of a field study, through observations and interviews conducted with feltmakers in Tire region in Turkey. Then I share an analysis and results from the product research and field study. Nowadays felt is found through another range of accessories and artistic works, such as decorational products, hair bands, slippers, vase, tumbler, hats. While felt was commonly used for important functions such as carrying, moving; today, other materials are used for these functions. Therefore, felt objects can be perceived and bought as accessories rather than necessities in modern culture. Nevertheless, felt is still used for the representation of identities. Although felt is considered to have lost its value, for the context of Turkey, I argue that the functions have shifted to new contexts. Through different functionalities such as being tools for self-expressions/communication, felt has a similar value in the current culture.

Biocomposites are a strong alternative to synthetic fiber-reinforced composites due to their environmentally friendly nature, ease of availability, cost-effectiveness, and non-toxicity. Felt biocomposites are generally favored for their better sound and temperature absorption capabilities rather than load-bearing materials due to their comparatively weak mechanical properties. However, their mechanical performance is greatly improved when they are fabricated as plates using traditional techniques like compression molding. This study focuses on the mechanical characterization and comparison of different types of hot-pressed felt biocomposite plates with a 50% by weight natural fiber content. Four unique biocomposite felts were produced and subjected to tensile, compressive, shear, instrumented Charpy v-notched impact, and drop weight impact tests. All felt kinds are reinforced with short hemp fibers and four distinct polymers are used as matrix materials, namely, polypropylene, recycled polypropylene, polylactic acid, and low-melt polyester fiber. Static and impact tests performed on those materials revealed that each type of natural fiber felt biocomposite has its unique features, and their characterized static and impact behaviors vary significantly from one to another. Therefore, each can be an appropriate material choice in an engineering design.

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Copyright of Art-E is the property of Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Fine Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Namda or felt sheets and articles made of felt have a historic association with Tonk in Rajasthan (India). Felting has been practiced here for generations, providing a livelihood for the craftsmen who make hand-made felt and those who develop products from the felt sheets, including floor coverings, mats, and decorative pieces for both domestic and export markets. Felt's design, finishing, and quality are the key criteria impacting the value of the urban product and the end market. The Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute (CSWRI) in Avikanagar conducted skill development training for rural women with a focus on making handicraft products from felt sheets. The objective was to promote traditional craft as well as empower women through enhancement of their self-reliance, with opportunities for further progression for high-performing trainees. The Indian Institute of Crafts & Design (IICD) in Jaipur collaborated with CSWRI for design intervention and skill enhancement targeting for the urban market. Just as these women were inching toward fully sustainable livelihoods, however, the sudden outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic disrupted the demand and supply of handicraft products and seriously impacted their ability to work. This paper discusses the collaborative efforts put into building sustainable livelihoods around handicrafts and considers how the Covid-19 pandemic has impaired that work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Welcoming pupils with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in primary school aims not only to develop their academic skills, but also to facilitate their participation in social life within the dass group and the school. The role of the outsourced teaching unit (UEE) is precisely to contribute to producing this favorable context. In many studies, the use of digital resources has shown its effectiveness in facilitating learning. However, the degree of inclusive operationality of a digital working environment has not yet been tested. The experimental project carried out thus focuses on the role that a digital device used in a cooperative approach can play in the learning of academic skills and the weaving of social ties. The reception of pupils with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to primary school aims not only developing their academic skills, but also to facilitate their participation in social life within the class group and school. The role of the out of class teaching unit (UEE) is precisely to contribute to create this favorable context. In many studies, the use of digital tools has shown its effectiveness at facilitating learning. However, the degree of inclusive operationality of a digital working environment has not yet been evaluated. The experimental project is thus interested in the role that a digital device used in a cooperative approach can play in the learning of school skills and the building of social ties. In particular, it will be necessaiy to report the feelings of pupils ASD with low verbal and that of neurotypical pupils when they are brought to work in cooperation, through a digital working environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For providing security to the people, who survive in country borders, mine and chemical industries, wearable devices with sensors can be used to follow their activities through sensors. The main element of that security device is the antenna. Based on the construction, utility, and performance, miniaturized MicroStrip Patch (MSP) antennas are mainly preferred. In this paper, the compact MSP antenna design, using various flexible multilayer substrate materials with Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structures, has been proposed to resonate at 2.45 GHz in ISM band. The simulated and the measured parameters have been analyzed and an improvement in gain up to 6 dB has been achieved compared to the existing technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Art-E is the property of Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Fine Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Art-E is the property of Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Fine Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The assortment of felt products on the market mainly consists of outerwear and accessories, because the thin felt materials have a shorter exploitativeterm due to the problem of tensile properties and breaking load. It is possible to make a thinner material by strengthening their structure, which in turn will expand the range of women's clothing. This article explores the method of modifying the felt material, and its influence on the structure of the produced fabric. Analysis of the research results confirms that modification of the felt material doubles its consumer properties.

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The present research aimed to explore the influence of different felt-proofing methods on alpaca fibers’ scale structure. Dyed alpaca fibers were exposed to a particular wavelength of ultraviolet (UV) light for different periods and treated with protease to analyze the felt property and compare with untreated fibers. Experimental results have shown that alpaca fibers have better shrinkage resistance and dyeability after being exposed to UV light, whereas no recognizable change was obtained on the surface of alpaca fibers’ scale structure by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In contrary, enzyme-treated alpaca fibers revealed improved dye rate and resistance to shrinkage. Especially, damaged scales on many areas of fiber surface were appeared by SEM, which indicates that UV may have a positive effect on enzyme treatment by damaging alpaca fibers’ surface structure and promoting the amount of protease going into the fibers’ inner layers. Therefore, eventually a better shrinkage resistance was obtained.

Next-generation laminated wood composites were produced using waste poplar (Populus deltoides) veneer and polyvinyl acetate adhesive. Four experimental groups and one control group were created. Ten-layer laminated wood veneer samples were reinforced with natural rubber (Group A), linoleum (Group B), felt (Group C), and elastomeric sponge (Group D); these materials were used in the fifth adhesive layer (middle layer). The sound absorption coefficients of the control and experimental groups were tested via the impedance tube method, according to ASTM standard E1050 (2006). Attention was paid to the acoustic behavior at low frequencies (63 Hz to 250 Hz), mid frequencies (250 Hz to 2000 Hz), and high frequencies (2000 Hz to 6300 Hz). It was determined that the sound absorption coefficient of the experimental groups considerably increased. It can be suggested that the experimental groups be used as sound absorbing acoustic panels and the control group as sound reflective acoustic panels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this study, the effect of high strain rate on the dynamic mechanical properties of shear thickening fluid (STF) impregnated felt of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was investigated by split‐hopkinson pressure bar. UHMWPE felts are randomly oriented nonwoven fabric that holds each other due to inter‐fiber coupling either by thermal calendaring or mechanical entanglement. Its lower areal density and highly porous structure can be utilized in lightweight ballistic resistance material. The junction points inside its porous structure make it easier to hold abundant STF. Shear thickening fluid was prepared by dispersing 100 nm dry silica powder into polypropylene glycol at 67.5 wt% concentration using probe ultrasonicator at 25°C. Rheological characterization of prepared STF was conducted using MCR702 advanced Anton Paar rheometer. It was done by performing a steady shear rate and thixotropy tests for shear thickening and structural regeneration behavior. In‐house fabricated split‐hopkinson pressure bar setup was used to evaluate dynamic compressive behavior at different strain rates by changing triggering pressure. It was found that STF impregnated felt shows a higher amplitude of strain rate augmentation and energy absorption than a neat felt. The impact energy absorption increases with increasing strain rate. However, the peak stress shows an opposite trend with an increased strain rate in STF impregnated felt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a novel wearable and broadband multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is designed for use in several wireless telecommunication/medical systems. In this antenna, two rectangular patches made of cotton fabric (CF) with a dielectric constant equal to 2.23 and a substrate made of a standard felt (SF) with a dielectric constant of 1.3 are employed. The use of two types of flexible and wearable dielectric instead of metal has increased the bandwidth by 7 GHz compared to the microstrip sample. The dimensions of the proposed antenna are equal to 54 × 36 × 2.5 mm3 at 5 GHz. To prove the accuracy of the designs and simulations, the proposed MIMO antenna was fabricated and the measured results are reported. A good agreement was observed between the results of simulation and measurement. The frequency range covered by the proposed MIMO antenna is 1.1–8.6 GHz. Also, the maximum measured gain is equal to 8 dB at 5.5 GHz. Wearability, small size, simple design, low cost, and suitable gain, are among the advantages of the proposed wearable MIMO antenna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental data on the effect of the ambient atmosphere (a vacuum or argon) on the phase composition of silicon carbide fibers formed upon the siliconization of carbon felt are presented. The major phases produced in the siliconization of carbon felt are β-SiC (3C) in vacuo and α-SiC (6H) in the argon atmosphere. When carbon felt is siliconized in vacuo, residual silicon is present on the surface of the silicon carbide felt fibers. The ambient atmosphere determines the nature of the siliconization process at 1650°C: in vacuo, SiC is formed due to the reaction of carbon fibers with the silicon melt wetting them, while in argon, it is formed due mainly to the reaction with vaporous silicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with felt viewed in the synthesis of national rites and traditions. The subject sphere of the nomads formed by ethnic culture manifests the spatio-temporal picture of the world onto relics of rituals and traditions. Their preservation among the Kalmyks and other Turko-Mongols is clearly reflected in the subject symbolism, an important part of which is constituted by felt products. Traditions and rituals in everyday life and economic structures make it possible to identify the dominant constants of material and spiritual cultures of the nomads, to trace mechanisms of their functioning. The latter can be traced in artistic crafts accompanying the sphere of ritual culture. Despite common origins with other nomadic cultures, the traditional heritage of Mongolic peoples is original enough. This is the case with decorative patterns of Kalmyk felts preserving the archaic layer of nomad ornaments. Due to the natural and ethnocultural landscape, art is interconnected with ritual culture enriched with ethnic peculiarities of Kalmykia’s artistic traditions.

In this paper, a simple and efficient method to increase the gain and bandwidth of the wearable antennas used in several medical/communications systems is presented. To increase the gain and bandwidth simultaneously, the triple transmission lines (TTLs) method has been used. With this method, the frequency ranges of 1.7–2.5 and 5.4–5.95 GHz are covered with dual-band responses. Also, the simulated maximum gain at 2 and 5.8 GHz is equal to 8.26 and 9.86 dB, respectively. Using the TTLs method, the second frequency band (5.4–5.95 GHz) is achieved. Also, the gain improvement in operating frequencies is more than 4 dB compared to the conventional antenna. The dimensions of the proposed wearable high-gain antenna are 80 × 92 × 2 mm3 or 0.57 × 0.67 × 0.01 λg3 at 2 GHz. Finally, a dual-band sample antenna for use in medical systems was fabricated with a flexible felt substrate and its characteristics were measured. There is a good fit between the measurement and simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The destigmatisation of dementia through awareness raising campaigns and associated activities has become a key pillar of dementia studies and related activism. This anti-stigma agenda is undermined by a poor evidence base and inadequate operationalisations of stigma. Scambler's distinction between felt stigma and enacted stigma provides a conceptual basis for improvement. Felt stigma encompasses negative self-appraisals and fears regarding the reactions of others, while enacted stigma describes active discriminatory behaviours. Awareness campaigns based around high-profile spokespeople and pathology-based models of dementia may effectively tackle enacted stigma, but they may also unintentionally exacerbate felt stigma. Distinguishing people with dementia as an exceptional group to elicit public sympathies promotes benevolent othering, unwittingly implying their negative otherness. This is problematic because felt stigma is typically more prevalent and deleterious to wellbeing than enacted stigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel carbon foam composites derived from various pitch precursors have been fabricated and characterized. This paper specifically focuses on developing an effective process for fabricating the carbon foam composites from Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon felt as a reinforcement and various readily available pitch matrix such as petroleum pitch, coal tar pitch, and mesophase pitch. The paper endeavors to develop the carbon foam composites and to carry out detailed morphological, thermal, and mechanical characterization. Traditional carbon foams have been known to offer poor mechanical performance, and hence, in this paper, the pitch-based carbon foams were innovatively reinforced with the PAN-based carbon fiber felt. Carbon foam composites were subjected to partial oxidation, and their morphological and mechanical response after the heat treatment was studied thoroughly. Thermal gravimetric analysis and thermal mechanical analysis techniques reveal an appreciable thermo-physical and thermo-mechanical response at elevated temperatures. Also, it was found out that the factors such as volatile content and quinoline insoluble fraction affect the morphology as well as the physical robustness on the composite foams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the influence of the needle depth and frequency on the thermal insulation performance of pre-oxidised fibre felts was mainly investigated. The results showed that pre-oxidised fibre felts of a needle depth of 8 mm at a room temperature and working temperature of100-200 °C had the best thermal insulation performance, while fibre for those of different needle depths with increasing temperature, the steady-state temperature difference increased linearly. With an increasing needle frequency, the thickness and gram weight of the pre-oxidised fibre felts showed a decreasing trend, while the coefficient of thermal conductivity exhibited an increasing one. For pre-oxidised fibre felts of different needle frequencies with increasing temperature, the steady-state temperature difference showed a linearly increasing trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]