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We investigated the potential of waste materials from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to serve as an alternative lipid feedstock for biodiesel production. The average lipid recoveries from fat balls (46.4%) and primary scum (49.5–54.5%) were higher than the lipid recovery of primary sludge (15.8–16.4%). The yield of biodiesel produced from the extracted lipids ranged from 5.7 to 20.1%. There were considerable site- and season-dependent variations in the characteristics of the lipid waste materials. Radiocarbon analysis indicated the presence of fossil-derived carbon (26.0–42.0%) in the biodiesel obtained from wastewater lipids. Finally, we estimated the potential for biodiesel production from WWTP-derived lipids; about 333.0 metric tons of biodiesel per year could be produced from fat balls and primary scum in Japan. The results indicate that lipid-rich materials from WWTPs represent a valuable alternative feedstock for biodiesel production. HIGHLIGHTS Seasonal variation affects the characteristics of waste materials from wastewater treatment plants.; Fat balls and primary scum had higher lipid and biodiesel yields than primary sludge.; Conversion of wastewater-extracted lipids to biodiesel containing biogenic carbon levels of 58–74%.; About 333 metric tons of biodiesel per year could be produced from wastewater fat balls and primary scum in Japan.;

Dermoid cyst is the most common serm cell tumor of ovary, comprise approximately 20% of all ovarian tumors. However on gross appearance cyst containing multiple fat balls of varying size is very rare. We have recently diagnosed such a care and present here to share the experience with others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]