Search

Drug management is part of pharmaceutical service activities, which includes interrelated stages: selection, planning, requesting, receiving, storage, distribution, controlling, recording, reporting, monitoring and evaluation, which play an essential role in ensuring the availability of drugs at PHCs. The systematic review aims to identify indicators of drug management at PHCs in Indonesia and analyze factors that influenced it. This systematic review used the PRISMA methods. Google Scholar is an electronic database to identify related studies. This study is limited publications from 2013 to 2023. The quality of the articles was assessed using JBI Critical Appraisal. The electronics database search earned 570 articles, while only nine articles met the criteria for analysis. Several indicators are different from the standards used due to several factors. Based on the result, factors influencing drug management at PHCs include human resources, financing, information management, facilities, and technology. For most of them, human resources are a determining factor that significantly influences the quality of pharmaceutical services at PHC’s in Indonesia. The implementation of pharmaceutical services at the PHCs must be carried out by at least one pharmacist, the person in charge, who can be assisted by pharmaceutical technical staff as needed. Resources humans influence indicators of planning accuracy; suitability of requests; storage; distribution; control; recording, reporting, and archiving. This study's results are to make improvement strategies, including interventions to improve the quality of pharmaceutical services that impact community satisfaction and stakeholders.

Teacher performance is a key to the success of learning that takes place at schools. The better the teacher's performance, the more educational goals will be achieved. Certain factors influence teacher performance in schools. This article investigates factors that can affect a teacher's performance in schools. This research used the literature review method, where data was collected through articles from 2018 to 2023. There are 26 international articles as references from Google Scholar. This article identified such factors as transformational leadership, work environment, organizational culture, motivation, and work discipline that influence teacher performance. This article can be helpful from a theoretical aspect, namely, to increase knowledge about factors affecting teacher performance. Then, it can be used as a reference for the following research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, we have witnessed an increase in road subsidence accidents in urban areas, threatening the safety of citizens. Various road facilities, such as water and sewage pipes, and telecommunication facilities are buried under roads, and the aging of these facilities is one of the factors causing road subsidence. In particular, old sewer pipes are a primary cause of road subsidence. However, most maintenance work on such facilities is carried out based on how long ago they were buried underground, without considering the risk of road subsidence caused by them. Therefore, this study aims to present a reliable method to assess road subsidence risk that considers various sewer pipe specifications and the environment surrounding them. To derive the factors influencing subsidence, sewer pipes near the target region, where road subsidence occurs the most, were extracted to analyze the correlation between road subsidence, pipe integrity, and the surrounding environment. An effective analysis method was selected by comparing logistic regression analysis and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis, and a weighted road subsidence risk assessment method was proposed by evaluating the importance of factors affecting ground subsidence. Its applicability was examined by comparing actual road subsidence data and analyzing risk in a pilot study area to validate the reliability of the proposed methodology. The results showed that it was possible to make reliable predictions of road subsidence risk areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, we have witnessed an increase in road subsidence accidents in urban areas, threatening the safety of citizens. Various road facilities, such as water and sewage pipes, and telecommunication facilities are buried under roads, and the aging of these facilities is one of the factors causing road subsidence. In particular, old sewer pipes are a primary cause of road subsidence. However, most maintenance work on such facilities is carried out based on how long ago they were buried underground, without considering the risk of road subsidence caused by them. Therefore, this study aims to present a reliable method to assess road subsidence risk that considers various sewer pipe specifications and the environment surrounding them. To derive the factors influencing subsidence, sewer pipes near the target region, where road subsidence occurs the most, were extracted to analyze the correlation between road subsidence, pipe integrity, and the surrounding environment. An effective analysis method was selected by comparing logistic regression analysis and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis, and a weighted road subsidence risk assessment method was proposed by evaluating the importance of factors affecting ground subsidence. Its applicability was examined by comparing actual road subsidence data and analyzing risk in a pilot study area to validate the reliability of the proposed methodology. The results showed that it was possible to make reliable predictions of road subsidence risk areas.

To efficiently utilize bone by-products at the industrial level and alleviate the shortage of protein resources, it is important to improve enzymolytic efficiency by developing economical, effective, and eco-friendly pretreatment methods, and to explore the main factor influencing the efficiency of protein extraction and recovery. A comparative analysis was made on the effect of the pretreatments of lipase, high temperature and pressure, and the combination of both. All pretreatments significantly improved the enzymolytic efficiency, while the lipase pretreatment showed the best overall performance. The degree of hydrolysis after three pretreatments was 12.58%, 9.82%, and 11.79%, respectively. Mechanism analysis indicated that the main factor influencing enzymolytic efficiency was lipid content based on the analysis of the physicochemical properties of bones. The enzymolytic efficiency could reach the maximum at 14.15% by decreasing the lipid content to an optimal level of about 5% and changing the surface elemental content of C, N, and O. These results suggest that the pretreatment that efficiently reduced lipid content was an economical and efficient strategy for improving enzymolytic efficiency of bones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study attempts to identify the use patterns and factors influencing the use of urban green space in Taman Merdeka, Johor Bahru. The aim of this investigation is to provide more crucial information to the field of urban green space study, especially in Malaysia. For this purpose, a total of 356 questionnaires were distributed to park users of Taman Merdeka. The questionnaire consists of several multiple-choice questions, open-ended questions, and questions that respondents answered based on the Likert scale. Data collection was done through convenience sampling. Results showed that most users of the park are Malays, consisting of an even percentage of male (49.4%) and female (50.6%) users, and are largely young adults in the age range of 26-32 years. This study also revealed that those living within 2 km radius from the park visit this recreation area more frequently compared to those living more than 10 km away from the place. Most users agreed that they visit Taman Merdeka for restorative health purposes and escaping from the stressful activities of the busy city lifestyle. The findings of this study are useful for future planning and management of urban green space in Malaysian cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study about entrepreneurial character of micro business processed foods maker in the province of Yogyakarta covering 5 districts was conducted. The sample used on this study was they who are have many firm in each district. The study aims to determine the character of the entrepreneurs and analyzed its relationship with business performance, especially in terms of the efficiency of their business. Descriptive analysis was used to find out entrepreneurial character based on data assessed with Liekert’s scales and use path analysis to determine the relationship between entrepreneurial character with efficiency in its business performance. The results of the analysis showed that the entrepreneurial character of the businessmen in general was less strong. External environmental factors were conducive, although the social environment factors were less supportive. Family support was the only one that high. Leadership has a strong influence on future orientation, character of ownership of the business, responsivity and creativity to facing change. Character of leadership was in a strong level so that, if improved, it will enhance the character of entrepreneurial capacity. Characters of future orientation also exist at the strong level.