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Purpose: The purpose of the review was to explore current factors affecting the use of a powered wheelchair for an adult person a with a disability. Materials and Methods: This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Information about the characteristics of the studies (type, setting) and perceived barriers and facilitators to powered wheelchair use were extracted using a data extraction sheet. Data synthesis was achieved using narrative synthesis. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields (SQAC) and the CASP checklist (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme), Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, SIGN (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network). Results: Fifteen studies qualified for inclusion in the review. The narrative synthesis produced a conceptual map of reported factors affecting the usability of a powered wheelchair. Conclusions: This review demonstrates that powered wheelchair use is a multifaceted and multidisciplinary phenomenon that is dependent on numerous interconnected factors including individual adjustment, stakeholder cooperation, societal attitudes, functional performance, and environmental features. Based on the review findings, there are several applied learning outcomes and practical applications to the powered wheelchair prescription and provision. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: The rejection, misuse or damage of a powered wheelchair can result in condition deterioration and loss of independence for the user. Adult powered wheelchair prescription, maintenance, and use is a multi-faceted process spanning social, individual, environmental, technical and functional, and organisational factors. Individuals in this stakeholder network should aim to account for these interdisciplinary factors when engaging with people who use powered wheelchairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medical undergraduate students are the doctors of the future. Evidence supports that medical students who practice physical activity (PA) regularly will continue to perform PA in the future and are more likely to counsel patients about it in their practice. This study was planned to understand the facilitating factors and barriers to PA among Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students using a qualitative approach. Materials and Methods: This study is part of a larger study on PA among undergraduate medical students from a medical college in North India. A cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach was conducted on undergraduate medical (MBBS) students enrolled from 2012 to 2017 at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi. Results: The most common facilitating factors identified in the study were self-motivation and personal preference, followed by health consciousness to maintain fitness and the continuation of habits from early childhood. Other facilitating factors reported are being good at sports, having sports-loving friends, an increase in self-confidence, the desire to build six packs, and reducing weight. Those with a concern for self-health, prevention of disease in the future, or a family member already suffering from a disease related to PA were also likely to practice it. Barriers found in the study broadly were competing for time, gender issues, resource-related issues, and sole focus on academics. Conclusion: Rigorous efforts are needed from the individual level to the system level to reinforce the facilitators and fight the barriers. Future studies should focus on finding ways to overcome the barriers and strengthen the facilitating factors for PA among medical students in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Nurses caring for patients with obesity face difficulties in providing services. The difficulty of care causes inaccurate and incomplete care and sometimes not receiving care, which can lead to many complications for the patient. For this purpose, this study was conducted to explain nurses’ experiences facilitating and impeding factors in providing care to patients with obesity. Participants & Methods In this qualitative conventional content analysis study, 20 nurses and 6 patients with obesity in two large hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were interviewed. The participants were selected by purposeful sampling, and the interviews were conducted in-depth and semi-structured. Data analysis was done using content analysis & MAXQDA software. Findings The facilitating and impeding factors in providing care to patients with obesity in the hospital were divided into four categories; “cooperation versus passivity in the process of selfcare,” “influential level family involvement at the patient’s bedside,” “organizational challenges in care,” and “nurse competence level in care.” Conclusion Organizational changes such as creating collaborative care in difficult situations, considering the patient classification system for patients with obesity, providing large-sized welfare and treatment equipment, increasing the skill level of nurses, and ways to improve interaction with the patient and his family can be practical solutions in providing care to patients with obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to firmly establish a place in the global economy, Georgia must ensure a high rate of economic development and turn from an import-dependent country into the most important player in the global supply chain. Our goal is to find an answer to the question that has been transformed from rhetorical to existential in the post-independence period: "Can we do anything?" Our country's roe highway runs through sustainable and dynamic development, reducing import dependence, achieving an active trade and payment balance - increasing the scale and efficiency of using local resources, attracting, training and using suitably trained personnel with entrepreneurial experience and skills. In an ever-changing global world, new opportunities suddenly appear, and we must be ready to respond faster than others to the new demands of the economy and establish a place in the global supply chain. In our opinion, in order to overcome poverty, attention should be shifted to two main factors: investing a growing part of public funds in education adapted to the requirements of the modern world, and secondly, focusing on the production of products with high added value. The more the raw material goes through the recycling cycle, the more value is added to it and the richer society becomes. Qualified, high-quality education, together with appropriate supporting programs, restores and creates new sectors of the economy, which will be a determining factor in the economic development of Georgia. In order to identify contradictions and opportunities, in the research process, we set the following tasks: • Identification and analysis of factors promoting and hindering the dynamic development of the Georgian economy; • Systematic presentation of conditions and factors ensuring rapid economic development of Georgia and development of appropriate recommendations. In order to achieve the set goal, which included identifying factors promoting and hindering the rapid economic development of Georgia and determining the corresponding effects, from January 9 to January 16, 2023, four higher educational institutions of Georgia (Kutaisi University, Akaki Tsereteli State University, Caucasus University and Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University) We conducted an online survey among academic staff of the economic profile via corporate e-mail. We believe that in the process of searching and researching the factors of the rapid development of the economy of Georgia, it is important to have the assessments, expert knowledge and opinions of those who are most aware of the situation in the country's national economy and who, through their publications and appeals, regularly provide relevant opinions and recommendations to the central or local authorities. 60 professors and teachers answered the questionnaire, where 11-11 factors promoting and hindering the accelerated growth of the Georgian economy and one question were given. When filling out the questionnaire, the respondents should mark only 3-3 factors that are most important to them, and give one answer to the question. Factors facilitating to the accelerated economic growth of Georgia: • A reform-oriented government providing sustainable and dynamic development of the economy – 41,7% • Geopolitical location of Georgia – 38,3% • The recognition of the European perspective of Georgia by the European Union and the real perspective of Georgia joining the European Union – 36,7% • Free trade agreements with the world's largest markets (EU, China, etc.) – 33,3% • Liberal market economy (low level of corruption, little bureaucracy and procedural simplicity, little tax burden) – 31,7% • Georgia's rich and diverse nature, history, culture and gastronomy – 26,7% • Skilled and relatively cheap labor force – 23,3% • State programs for the development of entrepreneurship: "Make in Georgia", GITA grants, "Introduce the future", etc. – 18,3% • Rich natural resources – 16,7% • A well-developed banking system – 11,7% • Increasing harmonization of Georgian legislation with international legislation – 8,3% Factors Hindering to the accelerated economic growth of Georgia: • Underdeveloped democracy, constant question marks to the judicial system, political instability, little experience of statehood, state institutions not free from unhealthy political influence – 55% • Regional economic inequality, disproportionate distribution of investments and public funds to Tbilisi and the rest of Georgia – 41,7% • Low level of higher and professional education, insufficient qualified workforce – 41,7% • Lack of capital needed to implement innovative entrepreneurial ideas, low level of development of the real (production) sector of the economy and high deficit in foreign trade – 41,7% • Russia's occupation of Georgian territories, the threat of potential war and the unstable South Caucasus region. – 38,3% • High level of emigration – 20% • Underdeveloped stock market and non-convertible national currency – 18,3% • Monocentric state, high dependence of territorial-administrative units on state budget transfers – 10% • Mass destruction and hyperinflation of the economic powers inherited from the Soviet Union in the first years of independence – 6,7% • Inadequately developed transport logistics infrastructure (delayed Anaklia port project, poorly developed road infrastructure, single-lane railway lines) – 6,7% • Scarcity of natural resources and high import dependence on energy resources – 5% In response to the third question, which was about the time Georgia will need to reach the average European level of economic development in 2022, taking into account the listed factors. According to the received answers, this figure was about 15 years. Among them, 25 percent of the respondents named less than 10 years, and 10 percent - more than 25 years. For the accelerated economic growth of Georgia, there are many contributing factors as well as hindering factors. Despite the fact that we cannot solve some of the factors hindering economic growth by our own efforts, on the contrary, with the effective and coordinated use of the contributing factors, it is possible to minimize the risks and the rapid economic growth of the country. For rapid economic growth, it is necessary to quickly overcome the negative factors, the solution of which is an internal national issue, and also to use all the potential and positive factors at the same time, thus promoting the development of the real economy and technological innovations.

Introduction/Objective Advance Care Planning (ACP) discussions are infrequently conducted with physicians, even fewer among minorities. We explored physicians' experiences in engaging Chinese (CH) and South Asian (SA) patients in ACP conversations to understand initiation and participation patterns, topics covered, and barriers and facilitating factors. Method Twenty-two physicians with 15%+ SA patients aged 55+ and 19 with 15%+ CH patients aged 55+ were interviewed. Results SA- and CH-serving physicians described similar initiation patterns, cultural context, and need for standardized ACP routines. However, the SA-serving physicians described greater involvement of family members, while CH-serving physicians described more communication barriers and family members' desire to hide the diagnosis from patients. Conclusion Cultural taboos surrounding discussion around death and dying appear to influence CH older adults and families strongly. Lack of familiarity with ACP amongst the SA population accounts more for their limited engagement in ACP discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University (AKU) Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Natnael Araya Abraham,1 Meron Tesfagaber,2 Sirak Tesfamariam2 1University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Center of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Oxford, UK; 2Product Evaluation and Registration Unit, National Medicines and Food Administration, Asmara, EritreaCorrespondence: Meron Tesfagaber, Tel +291-7501923, Fax +291-1-122899, Email merontesfagaber2@gmail.comPurpose: Understanding the integration of pharmacovigilance activities in the healthcare system and identifying existing hindering factors systematically through the eyes of stakeholders has paramount importance to realize a successful integration. Thus, this study aimed to assess the perspectives of the stakeholders of the Eritrean Pharmacovigilance Center (EPC) on the integration of pharmacovigilance activities into the Eritrean healthcare system.Methods: An exploratory qualitative assessment of the integration of pharmacovigilance activities into the healthcare system was conducted. Key informant interviews were conducted among the major stakeholders of the EPC via face-to-face and telephone interviews. Data were collected between October 2020 and February 2021, and analyzed through thematic framework analysis.Results: A total of 11 interviews were completed. The integration of the EPC in the healthcare system was rated as good and encouraging except in the National Blood Bank, and Health Promotion. The relationship between the EPC and Public health programs was described as mutual with an eminent impact. Several facilitating factors for integration were identified namely: the unique work culture of the EPC; provision of basic and advanced training; motivating and recognizing healthcare professionals in vigilance activities; and the financial and technical support provided to the EPC from national and international stakeholders. On the other hand, the absence of concrete communication systems, inconsistencies in training and communication, the absence of data-sharing mechanisms and policies, and the absence of designated pharmacovigilance focal persons were identified as barriers to successful integration.Conclusion: Integration of the EPC in the healthcare system was found to be commendable except in some areas of the healthcare system. Therefore, the EPC should work towards identifying further areas of integration, mitigate the identified limitations and at the same time sustain the integration already initiated.Keywords: key informant interview, thematic framework analysis, facilitating factors, limiting factors

We identified patient and healthcare system factors related to receipt of screening results and attendance to colposcopy among patients with positive screening results in a cervical cancer screening program in Mexico City, Mexico. We analyzed data from 1,351 patients with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive results from two screening demonstration studies conducted between 2017 and 2018. Factors associated with receipt of screening results and with adherence to a colposcopy appointment were identified using multivariable logistic regression. Participants had a median age of 40 years (IQR = 32–48), 60% had less than high school education, and 74% had a previous Pap screening in the last 5 years. Fifty-five percent of participants retrieved their screening results at the healthcare facility (HCF) without any reminder. Providing an email address for contact information, attending a HCF with family medicine, and receiving care from experienced nurses were associated with greater adherence to obtaining screening test results. Fifty-seven percent of participants attended their first scheduled colposcopy appointment. Providing a phone number improved adherence to colposcopy, whereas longer travel times between the HCF and the colposcopy clinic was associated with a decrease in colposcopy adherence. Having a Pap test in the last 5 years was positively associated with better compliance with both outcomes. Securing contact information may help to overcome barriers to future follow-up. Additional research is necessary on strategies for obtaining screening test results and scheduling appointments, which may help address barriers to access, such as limited staff availability, distance from the clinic, and travel costs.

Accessible summary: We asked mothers of children with intellectual disability about the factors that affected their and their children's sleep quality.We found that factors in the body, mind and environment all affect sleep quality.We suggest that parents would benefit from education and counselling to help establish good bedtime routines and manage stress. Background: Sleep is an important physiological need for children with intellectual disabilities and their mothers. The present study aims to obtain detailed information on the factors that are hindering and facilitating the sleep quality of children with intellectual disabilities and their mothers. Method: Twenty‐one mothers of children with intellectual disabilities aged 2–18 years were interviewed to identify their perceptions of the factors that hindered or facilitated the quality of their sleep and that of their children. The interviews were transcribed, coded and analysed thematically using the MAXQDA qualitative data analysis program. Findings: The interview data generated three main themes relating to factors that are hindering and facilitating sleep quality in children with intellectual disabilities and their mothers: physiological, psychological and environmental factors. Conclusion: Mothers reported that sleep problems negatively affect themselves and their children with intellectual disabilities. Parent education and counselling on topics of environmental regulation, methods of coping with stress and establishing and maintaining routines are recommended to enhance sleep quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: One of the new educational phenomena at the global level for gifted students is the hybrid homeschooling which emphasizes the increase of parents' involvement in education. The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the factors that facilitate the use of hybrid homeschooling model in the Iranian educational system and in order to provide a new approach in the education of gifted students. Materials and Methods: This study is exploratory and qualitative in terms of its purpose, and it is of a qualitative type that uses the grounded theory method. The scope of this research included all books and articles (1990-2021) related to parental involvement in education and homeschooling model. The participants in this research were 10 specialists in the field of psychology and educational sciences in Isfahan city in 2022, who were selected by purposeful and theoretical sampling. Data collection and semi-structured interviews were used. Data analysis was done based on Strauss and Corbin (1998) model and three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. In the field of reliability, the method of matching members and pluralism was used, and in the field of verifiability, peer review and feedback were used. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the research show 64 basic concepts, 13 core categories and 3 optional categories under the title of joint responsibility and trust of parents, joint responsibility and trust of students and joint responsibility and trust of teacher and school, which was organized in the form of Facilitating factors. Considering the facilitating factors of the hybrid homeschooling model, it is suggested to pay attention to this educational approach and use it for gifted students in the centralized educational system of Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aims to understand inter-generational differences and similarities in the perception of illness and the available resources employed by children with cancer and their parents. A qualitative descriptive research design was utilized, including face-to-face interviews with 108 parent-child dyads where the children had been diagnosed with cancer, by means of a semi-structured questionnaire. The participants were recruited from two pediatric hematology-oncology wards in two different hospitals in Israel. The data were analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis. Debriefing and inter-rater reliability methods were utilized. Similarities were found between the coping of children and parents with the illness. Children with cancer and their parents can find bright sides and support for coping, such as different perspectives on life, faith, positive thoughts, and family assistance. Most of the differences between the perceptions of children and parents relate to the difficulties encountered. While parents are mainly concerned about the long-term impact, children contend with ordeals involving the here-and-now. Parents and children demonstrate a dual process in their challenging journey. Positive and facilitating factors are intertwined with the aggravating aspects, which exist side by side. Nursing staff should advise children and their parents to attain and use external and internal sources of support found in this study to help them deal with cancer. • Coping with childhood cancer entails many difficulties for parents and children • Parents experience difficulties related to their significant others and the future • The sick children experience difficulties related to the "here and now" • Children with cancer and their parents can find bright sides in life • The alleviating and positive factors involved in coping display a dyadic similarity [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In contrast with the numerous studies focusing on the types of violence suffered by trans people, hardly any studies have looked at the factors associated with academic success among this demographic group. This study examines the common factors associated with successful academic achievement among a sample of trans students in secondary and university education. A qualitative research methodology is adopted, opting for a nonexperimental design that combines explanatory case study with the triangulation of sources and data: on the one hand, data obtained from in-depth biographical interviews with four trans university students; and on the other, selecting and developing a focus group discussion at a secondary school. The results are used to compile a series of common factors that have proved beneficial to these students, especially specific teachers who served as role models and provided support, as well as the need to perceive school spaces as safe. The importance of schools assuming the responsibility of building spaces that are respectful of diversity, especially in the case of transgender students, is confirmed. The study ends with recommendations from a feminist pedagogy standpoint to help make schools inclusive, safe and empowering places for trans people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on 'successful migrants', who have succeeded in gaining employment in Sweden in their previous vocational area. The aim is to describe factors on various levels – individual, organisational and national – that have facilitated migrants' way back to work as well as their inclusion at workplaces. Twenty migrants and five employers/mentors were interviewed. The overarching theme of facilitating factors concerns language proficiency, individual factors, enabling frameworks, and supporting persons and networks. The migrants' own ambitions and motivations, and the support they got in interpersonal encounters were especially emphasised as important. In the migrants' narratives, a central theme in relation to the theoretical perspective was how to deal with threats to their social and professional identity in the new country. For them, maintaining a positive self-image was key to the strength needed to fight for a return to working life. People in the environment were important in this struggle – for positioning them as competent persons and for offering support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This article describes innovative experiences of nurses during clinical work and identifies the factors promoting and hindering clinical innovation. Background: The nursing staff is replete with innovations in providing medical and healthcare that can help nurses solve clinical problems. Nurses need to understand their experiences in the creation and identify the factors that facilitate or hinder clinical innovation. Methods: A semi‐structured interview question framework was used to explore nurses' innovation patents, particularly the development of innovative ideas and the difficulties encountered in innovation. From 15 December 2021 to 17 February 2022, 14 nurses with innovation experiences were recruited in Shanghai, China, using a snowball sampling method. Interviews were conducted in the participants' native language, Chinese, and the interview records were analysed using Colaizzi phenomenological analysis. Results: This study has formed three main themes which are facilitators (including seven sub‐themes), barriers (including two sub‐themes) and results of the innovation. Position characteristics, the ability to resolve obstacles in clinical work, peer motivation and pressure urge nurses to have innovative ideas. Self‐support and external support helped nurses overcome difficulties in the process of innovation. Technical translation and seeking professional assistance help realize innovative ideas for nurses. However, busy clinical work and limited resources are important barriers to nurse innovation. Conclusion: Innovation in nursing comes from clinical problems, and nurses' creativity in healthcare organizations can promote positive changes in nursing practice. Nurses have carried out many innovative activities during their work, including quite a few aspects of promotion in this process. Some factors have hindered or promoted this innovation process, which is more extensive than in previous studies. Therefore, policymakers, nurse educators and hospital managers should establish an environment conducive to innovation and provide nurses with job flexibility and resources to foster innovation. Implications for Nursing Management: This study suggests that nursing managers should take the initiative to care for nurses, pay attention to their contributions to hospitals and provide them with abundant resources. In addition, managers should try their best to allow every nurse to participate in exchanges and learn continuously. In doing so, the innovation level of nurses can be greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Library as an organization needs creativity and innovation to eliminate stagnation. One of the latest concepts raised in the field of helping to create innovative ideas in libraries, which somehow guarantees the presence and participation of users in library processes, is Makerspaces. 'Makerspaces' in libraries is a relatively recent phenomenon - a natural adjunct that crosses disciplinary boundaries of educational innovation, integration of formal and informal learning, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (stem) outreach and engagement. Combined with the Arts (steam), the overlapping interests can drive innovation and entrepreneurship across the supported communities. Therefore, this research investigates the facilitating and inhibiting factors of implementing Makerspaces in public libraries. Methodology: This is a qualitative study. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data, and a content analysis method was applied to analyze the data. Purposeful sampling was used in the study. Fourteen librarians were willing to take part in the interview process. The saturation of themes was well reached among the 14 participants. The interviewees were 14 managers and librarians of public libraries who had initial familiarity with the makerspaces in libraries. The themes and questions of the interview were extracted by reviewing the texts related to the implementation of makerspaces in libraries and information centers. The interviews were used to gain feedback regarding the makerspace locations in each library. Interviews were digitally audiotaped and transcribed. Findings: Results were organized into thematic codes. The findings showed that the knowledge and recognition of facilitating factors (managerial, technological, and human factors) and inhibiting factors (intra-organizational and extra-organizational factors) by managers and librarians had a significant impact on the use of Makerspace in public libraries. Furthurmore, the results indicated that each facilitating factors, as well as inhibiting parameters, had some subcategories. Conclusion: Motivated by curiosity and supported by the library resources, the acquisition of 21st century skills ranging from information, media, and technology skills to innovation, life, and career skills are a natural outcome of engagement with the library materials. Since public libraries need changes and use new approaches to maintain their dynamism, they should look for mechanisms to implement such changes. One of the factors that can help the dynamics of public libraries is the Makerspace. Identifying the facilitating and inhibiting factors in this direction can inform the policymakers, library managers, and librarians of public libraries about various aspects of the implementation of Makerspaces. Therefore, they can make rational decisions in line with such spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Pain is a common symptom in cancer patients. It negatively impacts their emotional well-being, cognitive function, and daily communication, thereby reducing their overall quality of life. To enhance the quality of life of patients and their families, healthcare providers need to understand the factors that facilitate effective pain management. This study aimed to explore nurses' perceptions of the factors that facilitate pain management in cancer patients., Methods: The current research constitutes a qualitative conventional content analysis study conducted from January 2023 to June 2023. The study participants comprised head nurses, clinical nurses and clinical supervisior, totaling 27 individuals selected through purposive sampling. Data collection involved individual, in-depth, and semi-structured interviews. Subsequently, data analysis was performed utilizing the approach outlined by Graneheim and Lundman (2004), leading to the identification of participants' perspectives., Results: According to the nurses' perspective, two main categories of factors emerged that facilitate pain management. These categories are emotional support, which includes subcategories of family support and peer support, and organizational support, which includes subcategories of experienced nurses, accessible facilities, and financial support for patients., Conclusions: The study findings highlight the importance of identifying factors that facilitate pain management in cancer patients to enhance their quality of life. These facilitators involve factors related to patients and their families, factors related to healthcare service providers, and various components of the health system. Therefore, strengthening the facilitators associated with each of these factors is critical in pain management and addressing any deficiencies in the health care system., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

BackgroundYoung males are overrepresented in suicide statistics and underrepresented in statistics of help-seeking and receiving help from formal health services compared with young females. Few studies have examined facilitating factors for help-seeking among adolescent males with no previous experience seeking mental health help. This study aimed to explore thoughts, attitudes, and experiences regarding facilitating factors toward formal help-seeking for mental health problems among Norwegian adolescent males.MethodThree focus group interviews were conducted, each including four adolescent males with no experience with help-seeking or receiving help from a help service for mental health problems. The interviews addressed topics such as barriers and facilitating factors for help-seeking and preferences regarding structural factors and modes of delivery of help. Data were analyzed according to the systematic text condensation method.ResultsThe analysis revealed three main categories of facilitating factors: (1) transparent information and available help services, (2) proactive and outreaching help services, and (3) the possibility for discreet help-seeking.ConclusionsImproving help-seeking is integral to accessing care and improving mental health. Help services can be more accessible and approachable for male adolescents if they offer discretion, the possibility to remain anonymous, the option to receive help in a convenient context, and outreach services.

Despite enormous increases in the proportion of people living with HIV accessing treatment in sub-Saharan Africa, major gender disparities persist, with men experiencing lower rates of testing, linkage to treatment, and retention in care. In this study, we investigated the barriers and facilitating factors to HIV treatment among men in uThukela, a high-HIV-burdened district in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa. We conducted a qualitative study including nine Black African male participants who were recruited from 18 health care facilities in uThukela District, KwaZulu-Natal province. In-depth interviews were conducted with participants who linked to care and those who did not link to care at 3-month post HIV diagnosis. We used Atlas.ti for thematic analysis. Data were coded and linked to broader themes emerging across interviews. The median age was 40 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 31–41). This study identified the following key themes which emerged as barriers to HIV treatment among men in uThukela District: lack of emotional readiness, perceived medication side effects, fear of treatment non-adherence, perceived stigma and confidentiality concerns, and poor socioeconomic factors. We identified the following enabling factors to HIV treatment among men: fear of HIV progressing, acceptance of status, disclosure, support from family and friends, positive testing experience, and accessibility of antiretroviral treatment. This study revealed barriers and enabling factors to HIV treatment among men. These factors are important to inform the design of targeted intervention strategies aimed at improving linkage and retention to HIV treatment among men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Clinical education is a very important and effective part in speech therapy training, without that, it will be very difficult and impossible to train capable and qualified people. It is necessary to investigate the facilitators and deterrents to the quality and quantity of clinical education in the field of speech therapy to study educational problems and provide educational programs in the future. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study. 62 undergraduate students and 41 speech therapy instructors (41 people) were included in the study. They completed the consent form and a 62-item questionnaire of facilitators and inhibitors for clinical education. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Findings: 62 students with a mean age of 22.53 ± 1.9 and 41 instructors with a mean age of 36.29 ± 9.9 were studied. According to both groups, the most important facilitating factors were the area of ​​"facilitating characteristics of coaches and instructors" and the most important deterrents were the area of ​​"student dissatisfaction with the way practical and theoretical courses are presented". Based on the results of the independent t-test, in some facilitating and inhibiting factors, there was a significant difference between the opinions of the instructor and the student (p≤0.001). Conclusion: The most important area of facilitating clinical education is the use of experienced and responsible instructors who have passed appropriate in-service courses in clinical education. The quality of education is necessary to make decisions. It is also necessary to equip the physical spaces of clinics and their facilities and to establish a suitable time interval for presenting practical and theoretical courses

Researches show that many diseases have a nutritional origin and naturally produced foods are more beneficial to health. For this reason, attention to organic food products is on the rise. Since many businesses are engaged in organic food products, the main objective of this research is to provide a framework for successful performance of SMEs in organic food products. The present research is qualitative, applied and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population consists of experts in the field of small and medium enterprises in the field of organic food products. The statistical sample of this research was selected by non-probabilistic and purposeful method and based on the theoretical saturation rule, 13 people were interviewed. Thematic analysis method has been used to analyze the data. Based on the results, the factors affecting the successful entry and empowerment of SMEs in the field of organic food products include internal capabilities, customer motivating factors, facilitating factors and interactive capabilities. Finally, it is recommended that organic food businesses with regard to the characteristics of this industry and its market, increase their ability in three other dimensions of the research model include improving the company's internal capabilities in the field of physical resources and human skills, increasing customer trust in organic products and increasing the company's interactions with the environment, especially through institutional networking.

The objective of this study was to explore facilitators and barriers to completing an occupational therapy degree at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. A single case study design was used. The inclusion criterion was that participants had to have completed their occupational therapy degrees in 2015 at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. Seven graduates from the class of 2015 were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke's method of thematic analysis. The occupational therapy degree was found to be academically challenging; however, most participants showed resilience and perseverance. Moreover, they experienced personal growth, and acknowledged various factors which contributed to their academic success, including academic, social, and emotional support, having a strong religion or faith, having effective coping skills, and conducive study environments. Barriers included the high academic demands of the degree, environmental barriers, procrastination, financial and interpersonal problems, and emotional stressors. The researcher concluded that the occupational therapy degree was challenging, but offered opportunities for personal growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the industrialized world and a large part of stroke survivors is of working age. A very important goal for these people is to return to work after stroke as it facilitates independent living and guarantees a high level of self-esteem and life satisfaction. Aim: To find the main factors that facilitate and hinder the return to work (RTW) in people who suffered from stroke through an overview of systematic reviews. Methods: A systematic search using keywords and medical subject heading terms was conducted in January 2022, three electronic databases were searched: Medline (PubMed), Scopus and ISI Web. The articles that address the question of returning to work or maintaining employment of people of working age after stroke were included in the systematic review, as well as studies describing factors that facilitate and/or hinder RTW after stroke. Only systematic reviews written in English language were included in this overview. Results: The search revealed 180 records after removing duplicates, but only a total of 24 systematic reviews were included in the overview. This research shows that in people who have suffered from a stroke, individual abilities, socioeconomic factors, healthcare factors, and disabilities resulting from the stroke itself are the most critical factors influencing the RTW. Conclusion: Future research should focus on cognitive disabilities, as main RTW hindering factor, and vocational rehabilitation, as the more suitable factor for improving the RTW in stroke survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In India, tuberculosis (TB) was made a notifiable disease in 2012 and nonnotification was made a punishable offense in March 2018. In 2018, 25% of TB cases notified were from private sector. Objectives: The objective of the study is to assess the proportion of private practitioners (PPs) who notified TB cases to the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) and to identify the facilitating factors and barriers to TB case notification, including channels most preferred for notification. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among PPs in urban Puducherry. PPs were included consecutively, and data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Results: Almost 60% (75 of 125) of PPs had dealt with presumptive TB cases in the last 1 year. Only one of 16 PPs who diagnosed and two of four PPs who treated had notified. PPs preferred electronic modes of notification such as e-mail and short messaging service (SMS). Concerns regarding patient confidentiality and delay in collection of notification forms from PPs by RNTCP were the barriers to notification. Conclusions: Notification for TB diagnosis was poor as PPs preferred to refer cases to RNTCP rather than notifying. Only four PPs had initiated TB treatment, of whom two PPs (50%) had notified.

Introduction: In this study, facilitating factors in the implementation of knowledge management with respect to the mediating variable role of organizational structure in public libraries in Kermanshah province were studied and based on that, the estimated structural model was presented. Methodology: The research method was a correlational design with path analysis method and structural equation model. The statistical community of this research was composed of librarians of public libraries. Krejcie and Morgan formulas with an error level of 0.05 were used to estimate the sample size. The sample size was estimated at 109 people. 92 people (84.5) answered the questionnaire. In this study, a questionnaire was used to collect data. The opinions of knowledge management experts were used to evaluate the content validity. Cronbach's alpha, combined reliability and mean variance were used to evaluate the reliability of items and structures. SPSS software version 26 was used to describe the data and path-structural modeling based on the partial least squares approach (Smart PLS 3.3) was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the views of male and female librarians on the factors facilitating the implementation of knowledge management. The results of the partial least squares test confirmed the research hypotheses based on which the measurement and the structural models were statistically appropriate. The results showed that knowledge management strategy, organizational culture, information technology and human resources had a positive and significant effect on the implementation of knowledge management. Knowledge management strategy had the highest (0.310) and information technology (0.261) had the lowest impact factor on knowledge management implementation. The results also showed that organizational structure did not play a role in modulating the relationships between facilitators and implementing knowledge management. Conclusion: The results obtained from data analysis confirmed the effects of facilitating factors on the implementation of publishing management. Therefore, it can be designed and implemented to facilitate the implementation of knowledge management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This qualitative study concerns the implementation of an intervention based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) within nine postsecondary Canadian institutions. Its goal is to identify the factors that facilitate or hinder the implementation of the Korsa workshops (), an intervention aimed at reducing psychological distress and promoting well-being among college and university students. Twenty-two (N = 22) mental health professionals (e.g., psychologists) met with at least one group of students after offering the Korsa workshops at their institution. These practitioners maintain that the primary factors facilitating the implementation of the intervention are: 1) the support they received from directors and colleagues, 2) the effectiveness of the methods used to promote the intervention and recruit students, and 3) the fact that the workshops were delivered in groups of two. However, they report that 1) the length of the intervention, and 2) the fact that the latter was difficult to fit into a semester without intruding on students' exam periods hinder its implementation. This study allows a better understanding of what facilitates the accessibility and sustainability of interventions based on ACT in postsecondary institutions and offers recommendations to facilitate the implementation of this type of intervention among students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical Ladder Programs is to develop different training programs according to different levels of nurses' management. The purpose is to improve nurses' sense of professional identity, professional and technical capabilities, and determine salary levels, so as to fully mobilize nurses' enthusiasm. This article reviews the current status of the application of Clinical Ladder Programs in clinical nursing around the world, and understands the obstacles and facilitating factors that affect the implementation of Clinical Ladder Programs, in order to provide a reference for establishing a perfect hierarchical nurse training model in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología is the property of Fundacion Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Considering that young people are considered as the future makers of the Islamic society, the need for recognizing important issues such as how to initiate prayers and participate in prayer in congregation is very important. The purpose of this study was to determine the facilitators and inhibitors of student participation in prayer in college students of Kashan University. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, using convenience sampling method, 451 students of Kashan universities (Azad, Ministry of Science, and Medical Sciences) participated in the study. The research instrument was a demographic questionnaire, facilitating and preventing students from attending community prayer. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using descriptive statistics (frequency distribution) and inferential statistics (Chi-square and one-sample t-test). Results: The results of this study showed that students of medical sciences (48.6%) and Azad Islamic University (45.1%) participated in community prayers more than those of the Ministry of Science (33.3%). Participation in community prayer among native students (73.8%) was significantly higher than non-native (34%) students (P

Abstract Background The barriers and facilitating factors for integrating mental health into primary health care have been well documented in the literature, but little is known about the perspectives of primary health care workers (who provide integrated mental health care) on barriers and facilitating factors of the health system for scaling up mental health interventions in low and middle income countries. This study aimed to explore these perspectives of primary health care workers within the health system, and identify possible strategies to optimize the integration of mental health in primary health care. Methods The study was conducted in the Chitwan district of Nepal with 55 purposively selected primary health care workers representing prescribers (N = 35), non-prescribers (N = 12) and Female Community Health Volunteers (N = 8). Using a semi-structured interview guide, experienced qualitative researchers collected data between September 2016 and May 2017. The interviews were audio-taped, transcribed and then translated into English. The transcripts were coded using Nvivo 10 software and themes were generated for the thematic analysis. Results According to the health workers, the facilitating factors for scaling up mental health services in primary health care setting in Nepal included; (1) availability of guidelines, protocols and awareness raising materials, (2) provision of supervision, (3) referral systems being in place, (4) patient record keeping, (5) community sensitizations and home visits, and (6) provision of psychosocial counseling. The barriers identified included; (1) shortage of psychotropic medicines, (2) lack of private space for counseling, (3) workload and health workers’ grievances regarding incentives, and (4) perceived stigma causing dropouts. Conclusions The findings suggest that implementation of mental health services through primary health care workers in resource-poor setting is possible when health system level barriers are addressed and facilitating factors are strengthened. In order to address these barriers the health workers suggested a few strategies which included; ensuring dedicated staff available at health facility, allocating dedicated and confidential space for counseling, improving on incentives and motivational benefits to existing health staff, organizing policy level advocacy for mental health, improving medicine supply chain management and strengthening systems for supervision, referral and mental health information management.

Background: In India, tuberculosis (TB) was made a notifiable disease in 2012 and nonnotification was made a punishable offense in March 2018. In 2018, 25% of TB cases notified were from private sector. Objectives: The objective of the study is to assess the proportion of private practitioners (PPs) who notified TB cases to the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) and to identify the facilitating factors and barriers to TB case notification, including channels most preferred for notification. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among PPs in urban Puducherry. PPs were included consecutively, and data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Results: Almost 60% (75 of 125) of PPs had dealt with presumptive TB cases in the last 1 year. Only one of 16 PPs who diagnosed and two of four PPs who treated had notified. PPs preferred electronic modes of notification such as e-mail and short messaging service (SMS). Concerns regarding patient confidentiality and delay in collection of notification forms from PPs by RNTCP were the barriers to notification. Conclusions: Notification for TB diagnosis was poor as PPs preferred to refer cases to RNTCP rather than notifying. Only four PPs had initiated TB treatment, of whom two PPs (50%) had notified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Spinal manipulations (SMT) and mobilizations (MOB) are interventions commonly performed by many health care providers to manage musculoskeletal conditions. The clinical effects of these interventions are believed to be, at least in part, associated with their force-time characteristics. Numerous devices have been developed to measure the force-time characteristics of these modalities. The use of a device may be facilitated or limited by different factors such as its metrologic properties.Objectives: This mixed-method scoping review aimed to characterize the metrologic properties of devices used to measure SMT/MOB force-time characteristics and to determine which factors may facilitate or limit the use of such devices within the context of research, education and clinical practice.Methods: This study followed the Joanna Briggs Institute's framework. The literature search strategy included four concepts: (1) devices, (2) measurement of SMT or MOB force-time characteristics on humans, (3) factors facilitating or limiting the use of devices, and (4) metrologic properties. Two reviewers independently reviewed titles, abstracts and full articles to determine inclusion. To be included, studies had to report on a device metrologic property (e.g., reliability, accuracy) and/or discuss factors that may facilitate or limit the use of the device within the context of research, education or clinical practice. Metrologic properties were extracted per device. Limiting and facilitating factors were extracted and themes were identified.Results: From the 8,998 studies initially retrieved, 46 studies were finally included. Ten devices measuring SMT/MOB force-time characteristics at the clinician-patient interface and six measuring them at patient-table interfaces were identified. Between zero and eight metrologic properties were reported per device: measurement error (defined as validity, accuracy, fidelity, or calibration), reliability/repeatability, coupling/crosstalk effect, linearity/correlation, sensitivity, variability, drift, and calibration. From the results, five themes related to the facilitating and limiting factors were developed: user-friendliness and versatility, metrologic/intrinsic properties, cost and durability, technique application, and feedback.Conclusion: Various devices are available to measure SMT/MOB force-time characteristics. Metrologic properties were reported for most devices, but terminology standardization is lacking. The usefulness of a device in a particular context should be determined considering the metrologic properties as well as other potential facilitating and limiting factors.

The study used causal-comparative research design to examine the scientific literacy among randomly selected Junior High School students under the Science, Technology and Engineering Program (STEP) of a National High School in the Philippines. Specifically, it investigated the factors that facilitate and hinder the students’ ability to write and present scientific research. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered from primary and secondary sources. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data obtained from the interviews and questionnaires. Findings showed that the scientific literacy of students in terms of writing was perceived as good while presenting the scientific research was described as fair. The study also revealed that teachers’ factors, learning environment, and school administrative support affect the scientific literacy skills development of the students. Thus, the study suggested that by promoting the identified factors, the scientific literacy skills of the students will be further developed. Additionally, increase of teacher’s availability during consultation hours, use of differentiated instructions, localization, contextualization, formulation of policy guidelines for the use of learning resources, plan of activities for STEP, as well as development of a module, research networks and linkages should be given importance.

Background: Kangaroo mother care (KMC) has been widely adopted in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) to minimise low birthweight infants’ (LBWIs) adverse outcomes. However, the burden of neonatal and child mortality remains disproportionately high in LMICs. Aim: Thus, this scoping review sought to map evidence on the barriers, challenges and facilitators of KMC utilisation by parents of LBWIs (parent of low birthweight infant [PLBWI]) in LMICs. Methods: We searched for studies conducted in LMICs and published in English between January 1990 and August 2020 from SciELO, Google Scholar, JSTOR, LILACS, Academic search complete, PubMed, CINAHL with full text, and Medline databases. We adopted Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for conducting scoping reviews. Potential studies were exported to Endnote X7 reference management software for abstract and full article screening. Two independent reviewers did a parallel abstract and full article screening using a standardised form. The results were analysed using thematic content analysis. Results: We generated 22 040 studies and after duplicate removal, 42 studies were eligible for full-text screening and 22 studies, most form sub-Saharan Africa, were included in the content analysis. Eight themes emerged from the analysis: access, buy-in, co-ordination and collaboration, medical issues, motivation, social support-gender obligation and empowerment, time and timing and traditional/cultural norms. Conclusion: Identifying factors affecting KMC may optimise KMC utilisation. Additional studies aiming at identifying influencing factors that affect KMC utilisation amongst PLBWIs’ in LMICs need to be conducted to provide evidence-based strategies to enhance practice, inform policy and decision-makers in KMC utilisation amongst the PLBWIs in LMICs and beyond.

Kerala Has An Ideal Environment That Encourages And Supports Entrepreneurship. Several Institutions Are Working In The State For Providing Various Types Of Support For Women Entrepreneurs. They Play A Significant Role In The Development Of Women Entrepreneurship In The Country. These Institutions Include Institutions Run By The Central Government, State Government, Institutions Providing Financial Assistance, Non- Financial Assistance Etc. This Article Is An Attempt To Analyse The Facilitating Factors That Influence The Business Choice Of Kerala Women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There has been increasing interest in integrating patient-reported outcomes (PROs) into routine oncological practice. To date, however, PROs have rarely been implemented in Germany. Currently, PROs are being used as performance measures in colorectal cancer centers in Germany. This content analysis identified factors that may inhibit or facilitate the additional use of PROMs for individual patient management.Methods: The analysis follows an exploratory approach. Out of 103 centers that participated in a multicentric PRO quality management and benchmarking program in Germany, twelve oncological health-care providers from eight certified colorectal cancer centers were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviewees were clinicians (physicians, nurses, psycho-oncologist and physician assistant) who care for colorectal cancer patients. This analysis evaluated whether and how PROs that are primarily collected for quality management/benchmarking reasons could also be used for the management of individual patients. The data was analyzed using a content-analysis approach.Results: The interviewees were not using PRO in their routine clinical work, but they recognized its added value and pointed out potential example uses. Identified inhibiting factors for the use of PROs in clinical routine work were effortful access to PRO reports, lacking coordinating structures, time delays and time points of measurements as well as redundancy with other instruments. Facilitating factors for the use of PROs in clinical routine work that were identified included access via electronic patient records, implementation of coordinating structures for PRO processes in the center, clear PRO reports that are easy to interpret, and measurements at relevant time points.Discussion: Clinicians had quite a positive attitude toward PROs and recognized their added value. Inhibiting and facilitating factors of an organizational and technical nature were identified.Conclusions: These findings indicate how PROs used for quality management purposes may also be used for the management of individual patients. Therefore, existing structures and processes in the certified colorectal cancer centers, as well as lessons learned from the literature on the implementation of PROs monitoring individual patients need to be taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]