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Introduction: Extramarital relationships cause irreparable damage to the shared life and interpersonal relationships of couples. The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Boen's systemic counseling in addressing bullying and behavioral issues within families affected by extramarital relationships.Method: The present study used a quasi-experimental approach and a pre-test-post-test design with a control group to gather data. The study's statistical population comprised all couples who sought services at the Counseling and Psychology Center Exir of Tehran during the second half of 2022. Among them, 32 people (16 couples) were selected using the available sampling method and then randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (8 couples in each group). The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of Bowen's systemic counseling, while the control group remained on the waiting list. The study utilized the four-horse rider questionnaire (2012) and the Olweus bullying questionnaire (1996) as instruments. These were administered in two stages: pre-test and post-test. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 26, with two sections for descriptive and inferential (covariance) analysis.Result: Bowen's systemic counseling reduced bullying and improved behavioral opportunities in affected families dealing with extramarital affairs.Discussion and conclusion: Based on the results of this study, Bowen systemic counseling is an effective intervention for reducing bullying and creating behavioral opportunities in couples affected by extramarital relationships.

In many societies, extra-marital relationships are strongly stigmatized and have become one of the most critical issues among couples. This article aimed to investigate the attitudes of married women toward extramarital relationships, which tries to explain this issue by social learning theory. This study was conducted using the survey method among 80 married women of Babol city which examined their attitudes toward extramarital relationships through a self-administered questionnaire. They were selected by a non-random sampling method (snowball). The findings indicate a significant relationship among three variables (differential association, differential reinforcement, and imitation) from social learning theory with the attitude toward extramarital relationships and all its dimensions. The results of multiple regression analysis show that the independent variable of the reward has the most predictability on the dependent variable. In general, the results confirm the propositions related to the social learning theory and show that the attitude to extramarital relationships increases under the influence of rewards, punishments, and imitation from the media is strengthened and its repeatability increases. According to social learning theory, both overt behavior and cognitive definitions related to extramarital relationships are created with two dimensions of differential reinforcement and imitation, both of which function as discriminative stimuli for the behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: All the basic theories of committed relationships refer to the availability of attractive alternatives as a negative factor that undermines the commitment and survival of the relationshipObjective: The present study aimed to compare adaptive motivation and cognitive activism within individuals with and without the temptation to engage in a relationship with an attractive alternative. Methods: The study population consisted of the married men and women in Mashhad among which 200 individuals were selected as the study participants via convenient sampling procedure who responded to the temptation and likelihood of infidelity questionnaires. Out of 200 participants, 40 individuals were selected via purposive sampling (10 males and 10 females with high rate of temptation as well as 10 females and 10 males with low rate of temptation) who were required to respond to other research questionnaires of the study. Findings: A significant difference was detected between the two study groups (high temptation to infidelity vs. low temptation to infidelity).There was a significant difference in the average scores of adaptive motivation (p

Extramarital relations are one of the most traumatic problems that cause the disintegration of married life, and understanding the factors preventing extramarital relations is of great value in maintaining the stability and quality of life of families. Consequently, present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of marital frustration in the relationship between sensation seeking and extramarital relationships. This a quantitative descriptive correlational study that used structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all married men in Tehran in 2022. Participants were 300 qualified people were selected using accessible sampling method. Data was collected via Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking (AISS), Niehuis and Bartell Marital Disillusionment Scale, and Whatley's Attitudes Toward Infidelity Scale. The research model and relationships between variables were analyzed using Pearson's correlation test using SPSS version 22 software and Amos software. The results indicated that sensation seeking (β = 0.505, P < 0.01) has a direct and positive effect on marital frustration, has a direct and positive effect on extramarital relationships (β = 0.453, P < 0.01) and has an effect on extramarital relationships ( β=0.172, P

Introduction: Extramarital relationships are considered as one of the most serious threats to the stability of marital relations and family functioning, one of the main reasons for divorce, and one of the most critical issues faced by families. Accordingly, the present study aimed to explore extramarital relationships in women and find out social and cultural factors affecting such relationships. Methods: This study was conducted qualitatively using a qualitative content analysis method. The data were collected to the theoretical saturation point through semi-structured interviews with 34 women. Results: The analysis of the participants’ experiences indicated that a set of cultural factors and major developments such as individualism, changing values ​​and promoting alternative values, the absence of an authentic relationship, facilitating effects of technology and social media, changing women’s attitudes toward womanhood and its responsibilities, and diminution of religious and ideological beliefs play a role in the emergence and increase of extramarital relationships. Conclusion: The development of extramarital relationships in women is not just an individual phenomenon but a process influenced by many factors. Therefore, the role of cultural and social factors in the formation and increase of these relationships should not be underestimated.

Background: Various studies have shown the effectiveness of mindfulness in sex therapy on sexual disorders (especially in women), but the question is whether “this intervention is also effective on marital problems (sexual and relationship)”. Aims: The present research was conducted with the aim of examining the effectiveness of mindfulness in sex therapy on sexual sensation seeking, extramarital relationships, and marital disillusionment of couples. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental and was a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all couples with extramarital relationships in Tabriz city who referred to counseling and psychological services in 2020. The research sample consisted of 20 couples recruited using inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group equally (10 couples each). Participants completed the Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale (Kalichman, & Rompa, 1995), the Attitudes toward Infidelity Scale (Whatley, 2012), and the Marital Disaffection Questionnaire (Kayser, 1993) before and after the treatment intervention. The mindfulness in sex therapy and intimate relationships clinical protocol (Kocsis, & Newbury-Helps, 2016) was performed online in 8 sessions (120-min) over 2 months for the experimental group. Data were analyzed by mixed ANOVA using SPSS-25 software. Results: The results showed that mindfulness in sex therapy can significantly reduce sexual sensation seeking, extramarital relationships, and marital disillusionment in couples and this result was stable in the follow-up phase (p

Introduction: Given the increase in extramarital relationships and subsequent increase in the number of divorces, the present study aimed to study the contextual factors for extramarital relationships in women.Methods: This study was conducted using a qualitative method based on the grounded theory. To this end, all women involved in extramarital relationships residing in Yazd were considered as the research population. A total number of 40 women involved in extramarital relationships were selected through snowball sampling and purposive sampling and were interviewed. The data collected through the interviews were then analyzed using a theoretical coding technique.Results: A total of 58 concepts (codes) were identified in open coding and 14 subcategories were extracted in axial coding. Besides, the contextual factors for extramarital relationships were divided into four main categories including emotional and behavioral gaps, unbalanced sexual relations, immature personality, and the evoking social environment. Finally, the lack of satisfactory relationships emerged as a core category.Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that extramarital relationships in women can be considered a multifactorial phenomenon that is formed by the absence of satisfactory individual, marital, and social relationships.

Background: Various studies have shown the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy on behaviors related to emotional divorce in women, but the question is that “are cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy effective on extramarital relationships and domestic violence and, if so, which one is more effective?” Aims: The present research was conducted by the aim of comparing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy on extramarital relationships and domestic violence in women with emotional divorce. Method: The present study is quasi-experimental with pre-test,post-test and two-month follow-up with control group. The statistical population of this study was 203 women with emotional divorce referred to counseling centers and social emergency centers in 123 Dezful of County in during 2019 year. Sixty of these women were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups of 20 (two experimental groups and one control group). The research tool was Violence against Women Questionnaire (Haj-Yahia, 1999) and the Attitudes Toward Infidelity Scale (Whatley, 2008). cognitive-behavioral therapy (Dattilio, 2009) was performed in 16 sessions, and schema therapy (Young et al, 2003) in 12 sessions over 2 months for two experimental groups. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS-24 software. Results: The results showed that both therapeutic interventions were effective in reducing extramarital relationships and domestic violence in women and this result was stable in the follow-up phase (p 0/05). Conclusions: Cognitive-behavioral family therapy and schema therapy are effective interventions to reduce extramarital relationships and domestic violence in women with emotional divorce.

Background: Several studies have investigated the factors of infidelity and the creation of extramarital relationships and marital adjustment of couples. But research comparing addiction to marital love and marital adjustment in married couples with and without extramarital relationships has been neglected. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare marital addiction and marital adjustment in married couples with and without extramarital relationships.. Method: The research design was causal-comparative. The statistical population of the present study included all married men and women referring to Isfahan consultation centers in the spring of 2018 from whom 58 men and 50 women with extramarital relationships and 49 men and 59 women without extramarital relationship were selected as the research samples through convenient method. In order to collect data, Love Addiction Questionnaire (Paybody, 2005) and Extramarital Adjustment Questionnaire (Spiner, 1976) were used. Independent sample t-test was used in order to analyze the data. Results: The results of the analysis showed that two married groups with extramarital relationships and without extramarital relationships are significantly different from each other in the variables of marital adjustment and love addiction (P

Marital commitment has always been recognized as one of the fundamental principles of marriage, and extramarital relations have led to irritable consequences, although the reasons are not well known. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the factors is related to the extra marital relationships of Iranian females through a qualitative analysis. The statistical population consisted 17 women who referred to health centers in Mashhad city. Sampling conducted via purposive method. The main method of collecting data in the present study was a deep semi-structured qualitative interview, documents and interview with experienced professional psychologist. Data were analyzed using qualities method. After extracting data’s, the content was adjusted in to four categories of individual, family, social and religious-beliefs. Each of these categories has been considered as a factor for extra marital relationship of participants. The results of the survey showed that the factors associated with extra marital relationship is explainable in the four categories framework. According the findings, suggestions are presented in the article.

Undocumented migration from Central Vietnam to Laos stretches Vietnamese families and generates marital tensions and social anxieties around the extramarital relationships that migrant husbands establish with vợ hầu (second wives), an emic term that encompasses mistresses and more stable partners. This paper sheds light on these processes via an ethnographic study on how migration from Central Vietnam to Savannakhet - a town located in Central Laos bordering Thailand - shapes family formation, marital relationships and double standards in gender and sexuality. It argues that husbands and first and second wives manage these issues by preserving family integrity, negotiating extramarital relationships and retreating from marriage. These strategies are shaped by and constitutive of normative double standards that families refer to, reinforce and in some cases transcend to make sense of the marital challenges and disruptions caused by dislocation, translocality and the intrusion of second wives in their marriages. Overall, the study emphasises that families remain committed to a domestic division of labour and to the institutions of marriage and family, albeit with some adjustments. This argument resonates with broader discussions about migration, gender and sexuality in Vietnam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering both the prevalence of infidelity and the preoccupation in the U.S. with achieving personal happiness, the question of whether participating in affairs increases perception of life satisfaction is a relevant one. This study utilized a sample population of married individuals specifically seeking extramarital sexual encounters (n = 1070) and investigated those factors which influence the individual's overall perception of life satisfaction before, during, and after their affairs. Findings indicate that while affairs do tend to make respondents happy, a number of factors influence perception of life satisfaction during an affair, including a belief that an outside partner is required to remain in a primary partnership, a desire to remain in the primary partnership, at least biweekly sexual events with the outside partner, a belief that the individual loves their outside partner, and seeking out the partnership due to sexual dissatisfaction within the primary partnership. There was also a gender effect. A surprising finding was that even after the outside partnership ends, respondents reported a higher life satisfaction rating than before the outside partnership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and Background: Given the complex nature of cheating and its catastrophic impact on tendency toward divorce, it is imperative to adopt effective interventions to help those couples who are facing this problem. This study aimed to compare effectiveness of the counseling programs based on tendency toward divorce among couples involved in extramarital relationships. Methods and Materials: Present study is a quasi-experimental study. The subjects were selected from clients referring to the counseling centers in Isfahan, Iran, through convenience sampling method. The participants were non-randomly divided into four groups including couple counseling (8 couples), husbands’ individual counseling (16 men being cheated on and their spouses), wives’ individual counseling (16 cheating women and their spouses), and the control group (n = 16). Three experimental groups were treated in ten 80-minute sessions. Divorce tendency questionnaire was used to assess intervention effectiveness and to compare the surveyed groups. Various studies have reported the acceptable reliability and validity of this instrument. Findings: The data of all participants (96 individuals including the couples in all groups) were analyzed. The repeated measures test was used to evaluate the main and interactive effects of the time and surveyed groups regarding divorce and its components. The effect of group interaction (individual counseling group, couple counseling group and control group) and time (three stages: pre-test, post-test and follow-up) were significant in all surveyed variables (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Counseling programs based on couple counseling, compared with individual counseling methods, had higher effectiveness regarding tendency toward divorce among couples involved in extramarital relations.

This article presents attitudes of clinical members of the American Association of Marriage and Family Therapists (N = 332) toward spousal disclosure of extramarital relationships. A survey was developed in which an affair was defined as a sexual and emotional secretive relationship occurring concurrent to a committed, cohabiting relationship. Therapist demographic variables that were found to have a significant relationship with attitudes toward affair disclosure were age and level of graduate degree. A large number of narrative comments from participant reactions to survey questions are included, along with further findings and suggestions for educators of marriage and family therapists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infidelity is one of the most difficult problems to address in couple therapy, most likely because it involves a traumatic relationship event that alters the ways in which couples process information about each other and established behavioral patterns. This article presents a three-stage treatment designed to address the cognitive, behavioral, and emotional sequelae of affairs that integrates cognitive-behavioral and insight-oriented strategies with the literatures on traumatic response and forgiveness. Critical and unique features of this treatment are discussed and a case study is presented to illustrate the treatment methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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