9 results on '"extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)"'
Search Results
2. Performance of Phenotypic Tests to Detect β-Lactamases in a Population of β-Lactamase Coproducing Enterobacteriaceae Isolates.
- Author
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Perera, Vindya, Silva, Nelun de, Jayatilleke, Kushlani, Silva, Sara de, and Corea, Enoka
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PHENOTYPES ,BETA lactamases ,ENTEROBACTERIACEAE ,MEDICAL screening ,CEFOXITIN ,PATHOLOGICAL laboratories - Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the performance of routinely used phenotypic tests to detect β-lactamase production in isolates coproducing multiple β-lactamase types. Methods Commonly used phenotypic tests for the detection of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), AmpC β-lactamase, and carbapenemases were compared with detection and sequencing of β-lactamase genes (as the reference test) in 176 uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae coproducing multiple β-lactamases from two hospitals in the Western Province of Sri Lanka. Results Majority of the isolates (147/176, 83.5%) carried β-lactamase genes with (90/147, 61%) harboring multiple genes. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute screening method using cefotaxime (sensitivity [Se], 97; specificity [Sp], 93; accuracy [Ac], 94) and ceftriaxone (Se, 97; Sp, 91; Ac, 93) was the most effective to detect ESBLs. The modified double disc synergy test (Se, 98; Sp, 98; Ac, 97) and combined disc test (Se, 94; Sp, 98; Ac, 96) showed good specificity for confirmation of ESBLs. Cefoxitin resistance (Se, 97; Sp, 73; Ac, 85) and the AmpC disc test (Se, 96; Sp, 82; Ac, 86) were sensitive to detect AmpC β-lactamase producers coproducing other β-lactamases but showed low specificity, probably due to coproduction of carbapenemases. Meropenem was useful to screen for New Delhi metallo β-lactamases and OXA-48-like carbapenemases (Se, 97; Sp, 96; Ac, 96). The modified carbapenem inactivation method showed excellent performance (Se, 97; Sp, 98; Ac, 97) in identifying production of both types of carbapenemases and was able to distinguish this from carbapenem resistance due to potential mutations in the porin gene. Conclusion Microbiology laboratories that are still depend on phenotypic tests should utilize tests that are compatible with the types of β-lactamase prevalent in the region and those that are least affected by coexisting resistance mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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3. Chromosomal studies on drug resistance genes in extended spectrum β-lactamases producing-Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from equine
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Nehal M. Fawzy, Shaimaa R. A. Abd Elmawgoud, Soumaya S. A. El-Shafii, Azza N. Farag, and Kamelia M. Osman
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Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) ,Drug resistance genes ,Equine ,Egypt ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Background K. pneumoniae is one of the most virulent and multidrug resistant bacteria, of great concern in both human and veterinary medicine. Studies conducted on the drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in equine are lack in Egypt. Results The distribution pattern of ten drug resistance genes were investigated and analyzed among fifteen Klebsiella isolates (previously isolated, identified and antibiogram tested). The targeted determinant genes were coded on the chromosomes, conferring the resistance against β-lactams, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, in addition to the gene determinants of porin protein and efflux pump. The study revealed an incidence rate of 86.7, 100, 23, 7.7, 0, 0, 73.3, 40, 100 and 0% for the genes bla CTX-M , bla TEM , bla KPC, bla NDM-1, bla VIM , qnrB, qnrS, aadA1, AcrAB and ompK35 respectively. The Extended Spectrum β-lactamase-production coding genes were detected in all strains with at least one of their genes. In addition, the efflux pump codding gene and mutation in porin protein gene, which are two important co-factors in the drug resistance mechanism were also detected in all strains. By investigating the association of the drug resistance determinants within a single strain, it was showed that 40% (6/15) of the strains harbored 5 associated genes, 27.7% (4/15) harbored 6 associated genes, 13.3% (2/15) harbored 4 and 7 genes as well and finally only 1 isolate harbored 3 determinants, with complete absence of strains having sole existence of one gene or even two. Pareto chart elucidated that the association of β-lactamases, AcrAB and Qnr with the mutation of the porin protein was the most existed (26.7%). Interestingly, the sequencing results of the CTX-M PCR amplicons were typed as OXY-5 (50%), CTX-M-15 (40%) and CTX-M-27 (10%). Conclusions The current study represented the first record of the drug resistance genes’ predominance and their association among the K. pneumoniae strains; recovered from equine in Egypt, offering a helpful guide for scientists seeking new alternatives other-than antibiotics.
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- 2022
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4. Recent trend of bacterial aetiology of respiratory tract infections with special reference to Escherichia Coli
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Kalpana, S. and Divya, P.
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- 2017
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5. Detection and Characterization of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli From Humans and Poultry in Ghana
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Linda Falgenhauer, Can Imirzalioglu, Kwabena Oppong, Charity Wiafe Akenten, Benedikt Hogan, Ralf Krumkamp, Sven Poppert, Vinzent Levermann, Oliver Schwengers, Nimako Sarpong, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Jürgen May, and Daniel Eibach
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Escherichia coli ,Ghana ,microbial drug resistance ,poultry ,extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) ,transmission ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Introduction: The increasing incidence of infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in sub-Saharan Africa is of serious concern. Studies from countries with a highly industrialized poultry industry suggest the poultry production-food-consumer chain as a potential transmission route. In Africa, integrated studies at this human–animal interface are still missing.Aim: To determine the molecular epidemiology of ESBL-producing E. coli from the intestinal tract of humans and poultry in rural Ghana.Methods: During a 6-month period, fecal samples from all children admitted to the Agogo Hospital (Ghana) and broilers at eight poultry farms located within the hospital catchment area were collected. After screening on selective ESBL agar, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on all ESBL isolates. The genomes were analyzed using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), ESBL genotyping and genome-based phylogenetic analyses.Results: Of 140 broilers and 54 children, 41 (29%) and 33 (61%) harbored ESBL E. coli, respectively, with prevalences on farms ranging between 0 and 85%. No predominant sequence type (ST) was detected among humans. ST10 was most prevalent among broilers (n = 31, 69%). The ESBL gene blaCTX-M-15 was predominant among broilers (n = 43, 96%) and humans (n = 32, 97%). Whole-genome-based phylogenetic analysis revealed three very closely related broiler/human isolate clusters (10% of ESBL isolates) with chromosomal and plasmid-mediated ESBL genes.Conclusion: The findings demonstrate a high frequency of intestinal ESBL-producing E. coli in rural Ghana. Considering that animal and human samples are independent specimens from the same geographic location, the number of closely related ESBL isolates circulating across these two reservoirs is substantial. Hence, poultry farms or meat products might be an important source for ESBL-producing bacteria in rural Ghana leading to difficult-to-treat infections in humans.
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- 2019
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6. Detection and Characterization of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli From Humans and Poultry in Ghana.
- Author
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Falgenhauer, Linda, Imirzalioglu, Can, Oppong, Kwabena, Akenten, Charity Wiafe, Hogan, Benedikt, Krumkamp, Ralf, Poppert, Sven, Levermann, Vinzent, Schwengers, Oliver, Sarpong, Nimako, Owusu-Dabo, Ellis, May, Jürgen, and Eibach, Daniel
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ESCHERICHIA coli diseases ,DETECTION of microorganisms ,BETA lactamases ,DISEASE incidence ,POULTRY industry - Abstract
Introduction: The increasing incidence of infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in sub-Saharan Africa is of serious concern. Studies from countries with a highly industrialized poultry industry suggest the poultry production-food-consumer chain as a potential transmission route. In Africa, integrated studies at this human–animal interface are still missing. Aim: To determine the molecular epidemiology of ESBL-producing E. coli from the intestinal tract of humans and poultry in rural Ghana. Methods: During a 6-month period, fecal samples from all children admitted to the Agogo Hospital (Ghana) and broilers at eight poultry farms located within the hospital catchment area were collected. After screening on selective ESBL agar, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on all ESBL isolates. The genomes were analyzed using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), ESBL genotyping and genome-based phylogenetic analyses. Results: Of 140 broilers and 54 children, 41 (29%) and 33 (61%) harbored ESBL E. coli , respectively, with prevalences on farms ranging between 0 and 85%. No predominant sequence type (ST) was detected among humans. ST10 was most prevalent among broilers (n = 31, 69%). The ESBL gene bla
CTX-M-15 was predominant among broilers (n = 43, 96%) and humans (n = 32, 97%). Whole-genome-based phylogenetic analysis revealed three very closely related broiler/human isolate clusters (10% of ESBL isolates) with chromosomal and plasmid-mediated ESBL genes. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate a high frequency of intestinal ESBL-producing E. coli in rural Ghana. Considering that animal and human samples are independent specimens from the same geographic location, the number of closely related ESBL isolates circulating across these two reservoirs is substantial. Hence, poultry farms or meat products might be an important source for ESBL-producing bacteria in rural Ghana leading to difficult-to-treat infections in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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7. Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Extended-Spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) – Producing Enterobacteria in Outpatients from Primorsko–Goranska County, Croatia
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Silvana Udović-Gobić,, Dolores Peruč,, Maja Farkaš,, Palmira Kesovija,, Nilia Volarević,, Brigita Tićac,, and Tomislav Rukavina,
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extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) ,uropathogens ,urinary tract infections ,Medicine - Abstract
The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of uropathogens and the frequency of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing strains isolated from urine of outpatients in Primorsko-Goranska County in Croatia. We have retrospectively analyzed the results of 44, 321 urine cultures from January 01, 2008 till June 30, 2009. The study showed that ESBL production was confirmed in 189 (1,8%) of the total of 10,757 isolates. Rates of ESBL-producing isolates were 19%, 0,6%, and 5.2% for Klebisella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabillis, respectively.Geographic variations in pathogen occurrence and susceptibility profiles require continuous monitoring to provide information to guide the empiric therapeutic options.
- Published
- 2010
8. Bioactives of Microbes Isolated from Western Ghat Belt of Kerala Show β-Lactamase Inhibition along with Wide Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity.
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Mohandas, Sowmya, Ravikumar, Sita, Menachery, Sumi, Suseelan, Gayathri, Narayanan, Sai, Nandanwar, Hemaraj, and Nampoothiri, Kesavan
- Abstract
The present study describes the exploitation of microbial biodiversity from Western Ghats of Kerala for screening of bioactives having β-lactamase inhibitory activities. A total of 700 pure cultures were isolated and were screened for antibacterial activity against a β-lactam resistant Bacillus cereus strain (PL 10) isolated from the same niche. Bioactive extracts made from 45 isolates showed inhibitory activities against PL 10, of which two strains showed inhibition of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella ESBL1101 and three strains inhibited methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain MRSA831. All these five strains showed wide spectrum antimicrobial activity against various fungi and bacteria. These five cultures were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and biochemical tests and the preliminary characterizations of their bioactive extracts were carried out. This study suggests the potential of bioactives from two inhibitor-producer strains, NII 167 and NII 1054, for being developed as inhibitors against wide spectrum β-lactam resistant strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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9. Escalating antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae: focus on carbapenemases.
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Lynch JP 3rd, Clark NM, and Zhanel GG
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- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Bacterial Proteins, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Enterobacteriaceae, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, beta-Lactamases, Anti-Infective Agents, Enterobacteriaceae Infections drug therapy, Enterobacteriaceae Infections epidemiology
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Introduction : Over the past few decades, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has skyrocketed globally among bacteria within the Family Enterobacteriaceae (i.e. Enterobacter spp, Klebsiella spp, Escherichia coli, Proteus spp, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter spp, and others). Enterobacteriaceae are intestinal flora and are important pathogens in nosocomial and community settings. Enterobacteriaceae spread easily between humans and may acquire AMR via plasmids or other mobile resistance elements. The emergence and spread of multidrug resistant (MDR) clones have greatly limited therapeutic options. Some infections are untreatable with existing antimicrobials. Areas covered : The authors discuss the escalation of CRE globally, the epidemiology and outcomes of CRE infections, the optimal therapy, and the potential role of several new antimicrobials to combat MDR organisms. An exhaustive search for literature related to Enterobacteriaceae was performed using PubMed, using the following key words: antimicrobial resistance; carbapenemases; Enterobacterales; Enterobacteriaceae; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Escherichia coli ; global epidemiology; metallo-β-lactamases; multidrug resistance; New Delhi Metalloproteinase-1 (NDM-1); plasmids Expert opinion : Innovation and development of new classes of antibacterial agents are critical to expand effective therapeutic options. The authors encourage the judicious use of antibiotics and aggressive infection-control measures are essential to minimize the spread of AMR.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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