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In the past, sustainable development was considered a guideline for all human activities, but the world has gradually changed. The criteria for action today must not only ensure sustainability but also meet appropriate ethical standards in diverse contexts. As a result, the topic of ethical behavior has been studied more extensively in recent studies. Accordingly, through bibliometric approaches, this study seeks to generalize the issues of ethical behavior explored in a variety of contexts from 1991 to 2022. A total of 1409 articles were found and extracted from the Web of Science using the keywords "ethical behavior" and "context"; they were then decoded using VOSviewer software (version 1.6). Three techniques, including bibliographic coupling, co-citation, and co-occurrence were conducted to identify the six most influential contexts in ethical behavior. The results demonstrate that the six most influential contexts in ethical behavior are consumption, leadership, business, organization, medical, and education. The results further revealed that leading countries such as the USA and UK have a larger number of studies on ethical behavior in many different contexts, such as organization, business, education, health, consumption, and politics. The Journal of Business Ethics leads the way in research into ethical behavior, followed by the Journal of Applied Psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study constructs a moderating mediation model to link public sector employees’ Artificial Intelligence (AI) usage with employees’ moral norms and ethical decision-making behaviors. Based on the theory of public service motivation, this study hypothesizes that the impact of AI usage on employees’ ethical decision-making behaviors acts through the mediating effects of employees’ service motivation, employees’ moral norms, and employees’ ethical perceptions and that the relationship between AI usage and employees’ service motivation, employees’ ethical norms, and employees’ ethical perceptions is moderated by the culture of the public organization. The selected data from 417 public sector employees in China supported most of the research hypotheses. The findings show that employee service motivation, employee moral norms, and employee moral cognition mediate the relationship between AI usage and employee ethical decision-making behavior. Public organization culture moderated the relationship between AI usage and employee service motivation, as well as AI usage and employee ethics. This study reveals the complex mediating and moderating relationships between AI usage and employees’ ethical decision-making behaviors in the public sector. It provides important theoretical and practical insights for further understanding and promoting public sector employees’ ethical behaviors in the era of AI.

Regulators are responsible for overseeing organizations. Organizational behavior should be in line with laws and regulations. Therefore, regulators aim to influence behavior of regulatees, such as compliance (i.e., following rules and regulations), but also ethical behavior (i.e., doing the right thing, irrespective of the rules and regulations). However, little empirical evidence exists on the effectiveness of different types of regulatory actions. Also, most evidence focuses on compliance, despite an increasing demand for ethical behavior of organizations. A literature review was conducted to collect, summarize, and analyze empirical evidence on how regulators can stimulate regulatees’ compliant and ethical behavior. This paper uniquely covers multiple types of regulatory actions and also multiple types of underlying factors. To illustrate this, a novel framework was introduced, in which it was proposed that regulatory actions influence compliant and ethical behavior through regulatees’ capability, opportunity, and motivation. Combining the findings of 35 articles showed that studies on ‘deterrence’ and ‘cooperation’ demonstrated mixed results regarding their effectiveness, whereas ‘inspections’ were found more effective. Notably, psychological capability, social opportunity, and reflective motivation were more effective in stimulating behavior than physical capability, physical opportunity, and automatic motivation. A reflection on how regulators can use these unique insights to increase their effectiveness is given, as well as an aim to develop regulatory theory further.

In any retail store, it is necessary to maintain ethical behavior by the retailers by providing accurate information to the customer about the usefulness and side effects of the product, not inducing people in an unethical way to the customer so that the retailer can attract the attention of the customers. In addition, the dishonest behavior of drugstore retailers may lead to a massive health crisis in the community. Considering the novelty and significance of this issue, the current study aims to analyze the ethical behavior disruption of drugstore retailers. Quantitative research design has been utilized to analyze drugstore retailers' ethical behavior disruption from the viewpoint of consumers. A structured questionnaire was delivered to 219 customers using a convenient sampling technique. The PLS-SEM was utilized for data analysis. It is identified that the independent variables like easy access to antibiotics, charging higher prices, and selling expired medicine are responsible for the disruption of the ethical behavior of the drugstore retailers. In conclusion, it is noteworthy that the drugstore retailers in Bangladesh are not maintaining ethical behavior towards the customers, which is unacceptable. The paper strives to assist policymakers, particularly the Ministry of Health, in formulating strategies to combat the unethical practices of drugstore sellers in Bangladesh. Furthermore, future research might be conducted from the standpoint of different retailers.

Objective: This study aims to examine the processes through which sports influencers on online media impact the behavior, attitudes, and social dynamics of youth. Methods and Materials: This qualitative research was conducted in Tabriz, involving semi-structured interviews with 14 academic experts in the fields of media, sports, and youth studies. The participants were purposively selected to provide in-depth perspectives on the influence of sports influencers. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key patterns and themes related to the influence processes of sports influencers. Findings: The study identified several key processes through which sports influencers impact youth. These include inspiring continuous activity, enhancing sports performance, modeling positive behavior and thinking, promoting social communication and networking, and contributing to technological and cognitive developments. Influencers inspire youth by sharing motivational stories and practical techniques, improve performance through educational content, model ethical behaviors and resilience, facilitate social connections within sports communities, and advance youth understanding of technology and media. Conclusion: Sports influencers play a significant role in shaping the behaviors, attitudes, and social interactions of youth. Their impact is multifaceted, promoting physical activity, skill development, ethical behavior, and social engagement. However, the influence of these influencers also poses risks that require careful management. Future research should explore strategies to leverage the positive aspects of influencer impact while mitigating potential harms. Practical initiatives should focus on educating influencers, supporting their roles, and guiding youth interactions with online media to maximize the benefits of sports influence in the digital age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Global Journal of Economics & Business is the property of Refaad for Studies, Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although ethical leadership is thought to motivate employees to refrain from deviant behaviors that are harmful to the organization and its members, scholars have also found considerable variability in the relationship between ethical leadership and deviant subordinate behaviors beyond this general or main effect. Integrating theory on ethical leadership and work engagement, we develop and test a model that also considers the role of employee-leader value similarity in understanding employee interpersonal and organizational deviance. In two field studies employing multi-wave samples of leader-subordinate dyads, we demonstrate that value similarity moderates the effects of ethical leadership on subordinate deviance and does so via engagement. Implications for ethical leadership, employee engagement, and deviance literature are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of the internet use on university students moral behavior in South West Region Cameroon. The researcher used mixed research method design involving both qualitative and quantitative methods. The sample size used was 100 students from HTTTC Kumba all departments from levels 200 and 300. Four lecturers were also interviewed. From the findings, majority of the respondents indicated that some of their private information has been disclosed without their permission; they have been involved in plagiarism, betting, cyber bullying, illegal downloading and many other vices. These issues can be handled through guidance and counselling sessions for students. Also, each department should use plagiarism detection software and each lecturer is expected to be trained in using the software in order to combat plagiarism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethical consumption is important for both consumers and social welfare. However, many consumers avoid or ignore ethical consumption practices. An explanation of the psychological processes that impede ethical behavior is important research. A survey of 436 American consumers reveals that various types of moral disengagement (behavior and victim loci) and neutralization techniques sequentially explain unethical consumer behavior. From a theoretical perspective, both these constructs are relevant in this context, yet prior research utilizes these constructs separately or conflates them. Moreover, findings show that a particular type of moral disengagement, the agency locus, paradoxically promotes ethical consumer behavior. This research also examines locus of control (chance) and trait cynicism as antecedents of unethical consumer behavior. Locus of control (chance), not trait cynicism, leads to less ethical consumer behavior through moral disengagement and neutralization techniques. Insights benefit consumers, marketers, and policymakers in promoting ethical consumption that enhances consumer well‐being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Widespread academic dishonesty among higher education (HE) students has been a concern for higher education institutes (HEIs). Ethics literature reports that unintentional plagiarism is more prevalent among HE students and the root cause is, limited or no awareness of nuances of ethics concerning plagiarism resulting in poor ethical judgments. This study attempts to examine what is students' ethical reasoning for unintentional plagiarism and how HEIs' ethical awareness efforts impact students' ethical judgments which ultimately shape their ethical behavior. The study also explored whether and how individual-level factors such as intrinsic religiosity, age, gender, and work experience moderate the focal relationships. A longitudinal quasi-experimental field study was conducted. The subjects of the study were 294 postgraduate students of an internationally accredited higher education institution in India. The pretest–posttest design involved a set of experimental manipulations reflecting the HEI's endeavors to explicate the unethical implications of plagiarism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study explores the impact of external auditors' ethical behavior on audit quality, with a particular focus on the perspectives of internal auditors in publicly listed Pakistani companies. It aims to address the gap in literature concerning the interplay between ethical behavior, corporate ethical values, and perceived audit quality. Design/Methodology/Approach: Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study examines the direct and indirect effects of external auditors' ethics on audit quality, with corporate ethical values as a moderating factor. Data were collected via a mail survey and Google Forms from auditors in listed Pakistani firms, yielding 232 usable responses (61% response rate). The analysis utilized SPSS and AMOS for reliability, validity, factor analysis, regression, and correlation. Findings: Results reveal a positive relationship between ethical behavior and perceived audit quality, amplified by strong corporate ethical values. Companies prioritizing ethics reported enhanced audit quality, providing valuable insights for regulators and auditors. Implications/Originality/Value: This research contributes to the understanding of ethical behavior in audit quality, offering actionable insights for improving ethical standards in audit practices. The findings are pertinent for regulatory bodies, auditors, and policymakers aiming to strengthen financial disclosure integrity in Pakistan.

Introduction: Implementing a self-refereeing system presents a unique challenge in sports education, particularly in academic and training settings where officiated sports prevail. However, Ultimate Frisbee stands out by entrusting players with both athlete and referee roles, introducing distinctive ethical complexities. This manuscript is intended to evaluate ethical behavior and self-control within the Spirit of the Game (SOTG) scoring system in Elite Ultimate. To address these, Ultimate employs the (SOTG) scoring system, integral since the sport's inception in the late 1980s. SOTG aims to enhance and evaluate athletes' ethical conduct. This study evaluates SOTG's effectiveness in elite-level Ultimate, analyzing variations across divisions and age groups in three high-level tournaments. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from five international Ultimate tournaments in 2022. Teams spanned diverse age groups (under 17 to over 50) and divisions (women's, mixed, open). Postmatch, teams assessed opponents' SOTG in five domains: Rules knowledge, fouls, fairness, attitude/self-control, and communication. Ratings used a 5-point Likert scale ("poor" to "excellent"). An overall SOTG score was calculated by aggregating domain scores. Results: Our study consistently revealed high SOTG scores, reflecting strong sportsmanship. "Positive attitude and self-control" consistently ranked highest, while "Knowledge and use of the rules" scored lowest. Divisional differences in SOTG were statistically insignificant. Notably, WMUCC2022 (participants aged 30+) had significantly higher SOTG scores, possibly indicating age-related self-control improvement or evolving sport culture. Lower rules knowledge scores may stem from linguistic translation challenges. Conclusion: Self-refereeing promotes ethical behavior across divisions and age groups. SOTG underscores sportsmanship's importance and aligns with International Olympic Committee (IOC) and with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3, 4, 5 and 16 fostering a fairer, healthier, and more peaceful world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People feel committed to other individuals, groups, organizations, or moral norms in many contexts of everyday life. Such social commitment can lead to positive outcomes, such as increased job satisfaction or relationship longevity; yet, there can also be detrimental effects to feeling committed. Recent high-profile cases of fraud or corruption in companies like Enron or Volkswagen are likely influenced by strong commitment to the organization or coworkers. Although social commitment might increase dishonest behavior, there is little systematic knowledge about when and how this may occur. In the present project, we reviewed 20,988 articles, focusing on studies that experimentally manipulated social commitment and measured dishonest behavior. We retained 445 effect sizes from 121 articles featuring a total of 91,683 participants across 33 countries. We found no evidence that social commitment increases or reduces dishonest behavior in general. Nonetheless, we did find evidence that the effect strongly depends on the target of the commitment. Feeling committed to other individuals or groups reduces honest behavior (g = −0.17 [−0.24, −0.11]), whereas feeling committed to honesty norms through honesty oaths or pledges increases honest behavior (g = 0.27 [0.19, 0.36]). The analysis identified several moderating variables and detected some degree of publication bias across effects. Our findings highlight the diverging effects of different forms of social commitment on dishonest behavior and suggest a combination of the different forms of commitment could be a possible means to combat corruption and dishonest behavior in the organizational context. Public Significance Statement: This meta-analysis reveals that social commitment can impact dishonest behavior in various ways. Feeling committed or interacting with other individuals showed an increase in dishonesty, whereas committing to an honesty norm (by signing an honesty oath, for example) showed an increase in honesty. These effects were small and subject to different situational moderations. We propose that a combination of both types of commitment, commitment to loyalty and commitment to honesty norms, might be important in achieving good teamwork while at the same time reducing dishonest behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Travel & Hospitality Management / Seyahat ve Otel İşletmeciliği Dergisi is the property of SIMEDYA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Learning how to effectively respond to ethical dilemma can affect nurses' physical and mental health, which is not conducive to developing a nursing career. Nursing students' ethical behavior warrants attention as professionals about to begin clinical work. We aim to understand the current situation and influencing factors of Chinese nursing students' ethical behavior. A crosssectional descriptive study was conducted. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data. Full-time nursing students were recruited from an undergraduate medical university in Jinan through convenient sampling from November to December 2021. Research ethics approval (No. 2022-0018) was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Informed consent was also received from participants. The EBT scores of the nursing students were 95.14 6 11.37, which was not high compared with the total score. Gender, year level, and professional values had a significant impact on participants' ethical behavior. A positive correlation was found between nursing professional values and ethical behavior. A gap still exists between the moral development and maturity of undergraduate nursing students. To further cultivate their ethical behavior and improve their confidence and ability to respond to ethical dilemmas, more innovative methods must be employed in teaching ethics courses, and continuity in the ethics education system must be maintained. For male and third- and fourth-year nursing students who showed lower ethical behavior scores, nursing educators can develop their ethical behaviors by helping them establish positive professional values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuing rise of attention towards societal challenges like, e.g., climate change, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) becomes an increasingly important topic for companies. While there is no question that CSR activities are on the rise, the connection towards Earnings Management in companies is less clear. Therefore, this research paper not only aims to provide an up-to-date picture on the literature addressing this interconnection, but also provides a profound base for a more solid theoretical framework. Thus, it delivers a critical basis for further empirical analyses in this field. In order to illustrate this interconnection between those two topics, this paper presents an SLR analysis of articles published in the Chartered Association of Business Schools (CABS) or Australian Business Deans Council (ABDC), focusing on empirical analyses of CSR performance and Earnings Management. Overall, it can be stated that CSR performance has a negative influence on Accrual-Based Earnings Management, while findings on the influence on Real Earnings Management are contradicting. Furthermore, the relationship of CSR performance and Accrual-Based Earnings Management/Real Earnings Management is especially vague when the used methods are moderated by different variables such as family involvement or managerial entrenchment. While the connection between Accrual-Based Earnings Management and CSR performance is widely covered in the existing literature, the relationship between Real Earnings Management and CSR performance is clearly less outlined. This research paper makes key contributions to the existing literature, as it combines and structures results of conducted studies during the last ten years and elaborates on the differences on commonalities of the results. This analysis also suggests that other factors that possibly influence Earnings Management or CSR should be included in a future research model for upcoming analyses. It places the findings of earlier studies into the context of the Ethical Approach, creating a roadmap for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to examine ways in which managers can keep their organizations ethical and ethical behavior of employess. In the study an online survey was utilized to collect the data via convenience sampling method. The research adopted a construct to measure how managers kept their companies ethical and ethical behavior of employees. The results of the study, using multiple linear regression analysis, showed that the two hypotheses; a. The cooperation of managers with employees affected the company's ethics and b. The way managers worked affected the company's ethics was accepted and was significant. Due to time and financial constraints, the sampling size was limited to the survey participants only. As a result, the findings of this research were not generalized to the entire population. In addition, the study focused only on the ways in which managers could keep their company's ethical policy, there were also other factors that affected company ethics. The research highlighted how company managers influenced company ethics, it was also understood what effected company ethics, positive or negative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author analyzed and systematized the experience of foreign countries regarding the peculiarities of the implementation of ethical values in the anti-corruption policy of private and public sector organizations. Senior management when implementing anticorruption standards, regardless of the form of ownership of the organization, when making management decisions, should be guided by their own ethical beliefs regarding their actions, display of integrity, ethics, influence on employees of lower management levels regarding the example of the prevalence of anti-corruption standards when making management decisions. The importance of the Codes of Ethics in encouraging the top management of the USA, EU, and Great Britain in the formation of organizational ethics and the reputation of international companies was established, and the strategic importance of leadership in the prevention of corruption in the formation of anti-corruption programs and the fight against corruption risks was determined in his work on leadership in the prevention of corruption. The experience of the USA, the EU, and Great Britain has shown that compliance with ethical behavior by the middle and lower ranks and, accordingly, the reduction of corruption risks, is mainly implemented taking into account the example set by the management in conducting the company's business. It has been found that the main ways of creating an ethical atmosphere are: establishment of values and principles of the organization, approval of Codes of Ethics, internal control, accountability, regular informing and holding of training events by the management with its mandatory participation regarding ethical values, trust in the management and its personal compliance on issues of corporate ethics in the absence of an ethics officer position. The practice of management implementation of ethical values in the anti-corruption policy of public authorities in Australia has shown that the ways of such implementation can be: the introduction of external control procedures open to the public, as well as confidential reporting procedures for senior management. The experience of Liberia, Kenya, and Georgia regarding leadership and corruption in the management of companies and in the public service as one of the main causes of civil wars is analyzed. Positive practices regarding the use of anti-corruption policy and the establishment of the role of leaders in the management of African countries have become the implementation of anti-corruption policy and strategy in the top management of countries, decentralization of power and the practice of identifying and returning illegally obtained funds of government officials to state accounts. The author summarizes effective ways of implementing ethical values in public sector organizations, using the example of Georgia, namely: political loyalty of management in the field of management in the fight against corruption; implementation of e-governance and e-services, long-term investments in building a corporate ethical culture, implementation of a mechanism for direct access to information on combating bribery to the company's top management, and encouraging employees to report suspicious activity related to corruption. Using the example of Estonia, the peculiarities of the role of management in overcoming corruption, the implementation of anti-corruption initiatives, certain trends regarding the role of the leadership of the law enforcement sphere in anti-corruption policy have been established. Estonian legislation has formed trends regarding the identification of the role of management in the formation of anticorruption culture in law enforcement agencies through organizational views on corruption and the views of managers on overcoming corruption, in particular: the openness of top management to discussing anti-corruption issues in relation to their own organizations; focus on the organizational culture of non-perception of corruption starting from the top management level; integration into everyday practice of existing ethical standards; prevention of corruption risks associated with senior officials of organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Firms are under increasing pressure from external forces to do what is right and behave ethically. However, we have only a limited understanding of how ethical and responsible business practices impact the value of the firm, both in the short and the long term. In this study, we examine 196 firms that were recognized as the world's most ethical firms from 20 countries over a 14‐year span. Results show that ethical behavior may have little effect on a firm's profitability in the short term. However, it has a positive effect on a firm's market value, reflecting the market's positive assessment of its long‐term performance. We also find that firms frequently listed among the world's most ethical companies tend to have higher market value than firms listed only once. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modern concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is increasingly becoming integrated into the practices of organizations. One of the distinctive individual competencies in CSR is the ability to work in a multicultural environment. This study proposes a suitable empirical measurement tool that facilitates understanding organizational citizenship behaviors focused on cultural diversity (OCBCs). To validate the OCBC measure, 980 participants completed the questionnaire (n = 980). An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on one part of the sample as a prerequisite to a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the other part of the sample. This tool enabled the identification of two main types of OCBCs: cultural initiative and cultural helping. These actions enhance organizational practices for integrating cultural diversity and promoting diverse cultural values. This study furthers the understanding of OCBCs and the role of individuals in culturally diverse contexts. This study contributes to international human resource management research and practice by developing an instrument for use in expatriate contexts or in those associated with organizational cultural diversity. It provides a deeper look at OCBs and contributes to the scientific literature on the role of human resources in promoting sustainable development in organizations. The OCBCs measurement tool could assist human resource managers seeking to encourage and facilitate the performance of appropriate OCBCs in the workplace. This performance will allow OCBCs to facilitate informal learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Islamic Spiritual Well-Being (ISWB) constitutes a novel theoretical framework amalgamating management perspectives with Quranic and Sunnah principles, yet its exploration remains limited. This research endeavors to fill this gap by synthesizing insights from management perspectives and Islamic literature to develop a precise conceptualization and validation of a measurement ISWB. Through practitioner and expert interviews, ISWB is delineated as a state marked by positive emotions emanating from adherence to Islamic principles, fostering Allah's satisfaction, assistance, and forgiveness, particularly in organizational contexts. Employing a rigorous methodological approach that integrates qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including conceptual and indicator development, content validity, and statistical analyses, the study seeks to portray the construct of ISWB within organizational settings comprehensively. By furnishing a validated measurement scale, this study contributes a robust framework for assessing and comprehending religious behaviors and experiences in Islamic contexts, thereby enhancing understanding of the intricate interplay between spirituality, ethics, and individual behavior, with implications for Islamic-based organizations and future research endeavors.

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tabayyun is the property of Arab Center for Research & Policy Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research illuminates the ethical standards governing marketing professionals within the Islamic banking sector, focusing on discouraging unethical practices for personal gain. We objectively depict the prevailing ethical landscape using field research and descriptive methodologies. Our investigation reveals that the largest Islamic Bank in Indonesia, Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI), has instituted a comprehensive ethical framework for its marketing personnel. This framework transcends mere guidelines, embodying an ethos deeply ingrained in their professional conduct. Marketing strategies, underpinned by Islamic ethics, are guided by the tenets of faith: Siddiq (honesty), Amanah (responsibility), Fathanah (wisdom), and Tabligh (communicative). This study offers a unique insight into the ethical marketing practices within the Islamic banking industry, contributing to the discourse on ethical standards in financial services marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whereas some previous studies have shown that upper-class individuals are more unethical and less prosocial than lower-class individuals, other studies reported contradictory results. The present research provides two replication attempts by examining whether upper-class drivers would be more likely to cut off a pedestrian at a marked crosswalk (Study 1) and less likely to let a pedestrian cross an unmarked pedestrian crossing (Study 2) than lower-class drivers. In both studies, the vehicle status as an index of the social class of the driver was not significantly related to whether the driver let the pedestrian cross the street. Overall, it appears that the associations between social class and unethical behavior and prosocial behavior are less robust and generalizable than initially thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The lack of imagination capability, Perception and learning ethical behavior cannot be compensated by organizational statements or traditional training, and in addition, organizations do not possess enough tools and sources to solve this problem. However, digital simulation technologies like virtual reality, can help to learn ethical behavior through unconscious mental processing and goal priming of ethical behavior by providing a platform for imagining the results of unethical/ethical behaviors in the simulated environment.The Aim: The present study survey the impact of the use of Virtual Reality Simulation technology on the mental priming and social cognitive learning of ethical behavior among the employees of organizations.Methods: The paradigm and methodological approach of the current research is interpretive and qualitative with a meta-synthesis method. The statistical population of the research consists of authentic qualitative studies published in the field of application of digital simulation technologies in social cognitive learning from 2010 to 2022.Findings: Based on the meta-synthesis results, the five components of unconscious indoctrination, feeling of pervasive presence in the learning environment, increasing the cognitive processing capacity of abstract and non-experiential concepts, the ability to deeply perceive the subject in the simulation environment, positive motivation to learn, improving creativity were identified as the effect of the use of Virtual Reality as digital simulation technology on social cognitive learning and ethical behavior in organizations.Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, it is concluded that digital simulation technologies can provide a significant change in social cognitive learning and automation of ethical behavior.

In the past, sustainable development was considered a guideline for all human activities, but the world has gradually changed. The criteria for action today must not only ensure sustainability but also meet appropriate ethical standards in diverse contexts. As a result, the topic of ethical behavior has been studied more extensively in recent studies. Accordingly, through bibliometric approaches, this study seeks to generalize the issues of ethical behavior explored in a variety of contexts from 1991 to 2022. A total of 1409 articles were found and extracted from the Web of Science using the keywords “ethical behavior” and “context”; they were then decoded using VOSviewer software (version 1.6). Three techniques, including bibliographic coupling, co-citation, and co-occurrence were conducted to identify the six most influential contexts in ethical behavior. The results demonstrate that the six most influential contexts in ethical behavior are consumption, leadership, business, organization, medical, and education. The results further revealed that leading countries such as the USA and UK have a larger number of studies on ethical behavior in many different contexts, such as organization, business, education, health, consumption, and politics. The Journal of Business Ethics leads the way in research into ethical behavior, followed by the Journal of Applied Psychology.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of self-efficacy on organizational commitment and ethical behavior. Furthermore, this study also examines the mediating role of job satisfaction in determining the relationships. Design/Methods/Approach: This study was carried out on healthcare and administrative staff. The sample size and respondents were determined using the Slovin formula and selected through random sampling. The data collected was analyzed using PLS analysis. Findings: The findings reveal that self-efficacy positively and significantly affects ethical behavior and organizational commitment. Additionally, job satisfaction plays a role in mediating the connection between self-efficacy and organizational commitment. Similarly, the analysis shows that job satisfaction mediates the link between self-efficacy and ethical behavior. Originality: The novelty of this study lies in the influence of self-efficacy on organizational commitment and ethical behavior. Previous studies mainly analyzed the influence of self-efficacy on other variables, in which none of them had combined the two variables, along with job satisfaction as a mediation variable. In particular, this study is novel as it analyzes job satisfaction for workers in a Regional General Hospital, in which prior studies only focused on other non-health institutions or companies. Practical/Policy implication: Optimizing communication and institutionalizing ethical and moral values will improve workers' self-efficacy. Institutions should focus on maintaining job satisfaction, including work, rewards, supervision, co-workers, and promotion opportunities, to promote employee commitment and ethical behavior.

Background: Nurses routinely encounter ethical dilemmas with patients and healthcare professionals. Therefore, it is crucial for them to be conscious of ethical principles and apply them in their decision-making processes. However, no specific questionnaire is available to assess nurses’ ethical conduct in Indonesia. Objective: This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Nurses’ Ethical Behavior in Protecting Patients’ Rights (I-NEBPPR) scale. Methods: Following the World Health Organization’s guidelines and utilizing the WHODAS 2.0 translation package, the NEBPPR was translated into Bahasa Indonesia and underwent a rigorous translation and adaptation process. Data were collected between October and November 2022 and included 283 Indonesian nurses as participants. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate construct validity. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, and reliability were also performed for comprehensive evaluation. IBM SPSS statistics version 27.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used for statistical analysis. Results: Five items were excluded from the original versions, forming five subscales that include a combined total of 23 items. The subscales are as follows: Factor 1 (Respect for right to information and decision), Factor 2 (Providing fair care), Factor 3 (Providing benefit-not harming), Factor 4 (Respect for patient values and choices), and Factor 5 (Attention to privacy). The I-NEBPPR model demonstrated robust construct validity with factor loadings ranging from 0.453 to 0.871. CFA showed satisfactory model fit indices (χ2/df = 1.554 (p

Whereas some previous studies have shown that upper-class individuals are more unethical and less prosocial than lower-class individuals, other studies reported contradictory results. The present research provides two replication attempts by examining whether upper-class drivers would be more likely to cut off a pedestrian at a marked crosswalk (Study 1) and less likely to let a pedestrian cross an unmarked pedestrian crossing (Study 2) than lower-class drivers. In both studies, the vehicle status as an index of the social class of the driver was not significantly related to whether the driver let the pedestrian cross the street. Overall, it appears that the associations between social class and unethical behavior and prosocial behavior are less robust and generalizable than initially thought.

This research provides information related to ethical behavior as it applies to businesses. Tom Love, founder and owner of Love's Travel Stops, lived by the principles of integrity, honesty, and faith. As a tangible result, he left a legacy of great ethical practices. The purpose of this research is to share the ethical philosophies that embody Tom Love's legacy. His family history is included because it was an integral part of his practices and the Love's Travel Stops chain is still a "family business". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research examined the effect of unethical and ethical acts on memory. We hypothesized that, compared with ethical acts, unethical acts, which threaten people's self-image, would be more likely to dampen the general memory process. Three studies provided supports for the hypothesis. We found in Study 1 that an unethical act led to worse performance in an incidental memory test among Chinese participants. In Study 2, to test the generalizability of the obtained results in a different culture, we recruited participants in the United States and replicated the findings from Study 1. In Study 3, we further tested whether the influence of unethical or ethical acts on memory would be different when the acts were self-related versus other-related, with self-related unethical acts being more likely to threaten people's self-image. We found that self-related but not other-related unethical acts elicited the dampening effect on memory. Finally, we showed through a mini meta-analysis of the obtained results that both ethical and unethical acts led to worse memory performance than neutral acts, and the unethical acts triggered a stronger dampening effect on memory than did ethical acts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although empowering leadership is central to employees, leaders, and organizations, few studies have examined follower behavior and its role in incentivizing leaders to engage in empowering leadership. We use an exploratory, sequential mixed methods approach to explore comprehensively the influence of employee characteristics (i.e., work performance and ethical behavior) and leader-perceived threats on empowering leadership. We conducted two studies—the first entailed in-depth interviews of 24 managers from different industries to identify (i) the primary employee factors that determine empowering leadership and (ii) the types of leader-perceived threats. The five employee factors and three leader-perceived threats identified lay the groundwork for the quantitative research in the second study. We used leader–member exchange theory and social dominance theory in analyzing data from 357 pairs of employee–supervisor questionnaires. The analysis confirmed the importance of employee ethical behavior (versus work performance) in predicting empowering leadership, and the crucial role of leader trust in connecting employee ethical behavior and work performance with empowering leadership. Leader-perceived power threats negatively influence empowering leadership and mitigate the positive impact of leader trust on empowering leadership. Thus, this study extends the literature's perspective about empowering leadership to include ethical concerns and leader–member interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]