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During a sampling to determine the management of stingless bees in central Mexico, the presence of a hive of Melipona beecheii was recorded on the farm of "Las Palmas". This record is important as it extends the distribution of the species 48 km north of its northernmost record in Puebla. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eremanthus incanus is a native tree of Brazil with economic, ecological, and social importance, but it faces risks due to predatory exploitation and a lack of research. The objective of this study is to evaluate the biometrics and seed germination of different mother trees in order to contribute to the valorization, conservation, and cultivation of the species. Phenotypically, 10 mother trees were selected from a Candeia population located in the Diamantina region of Minas Gerais, from which seeds resulting from open pollination were collected. For the biometric analysis, 100 seeds from each mother tree were randomly sampled, distributed on millimeter paper in four repetitions of 25 units each, and evaluated for weight, length, and width. The germination study began with disinfestation and selection of seeds using the densimetric method. Subsequently, the material was placed in germination boxes containing germitest paper. The experiment was set up in BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) germination chambers following a randomized block design, with ten mother trees and four repetitions of 25 seeds per plot. Germination was evaluated on alternate days, until a constant point was reached. Significant effects ofE. incanus mother trees were observed on biometric variables as well as on the germination rate and germination speed index of the seeds. Understanding these effects advances knowledge about the species and its potentialities, contributing to the development of more efficient propagation and conservation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Production Engineering / Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Produção is the property of Brazilian Journal of Production Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El pasto Lobero es una especie nativa de gran importancia en zonas áridas y semiáridas del norte de México. Por tal motivo, el objetivo fue explorar y realizar una caracterización estomática en poblaciones de pasto Lobero. 33 poblaciones en etapa fenológica madura fueron sujetas a estudio. Las variables evaluadas fueron, número de estomas (NE), células epidérmicas (NC), área estomática (AE) e índice estomático (IE) en la superficie adaxial (haz) y abaxial (envés) de la hoja. Los datos se analizaron mediante un análisis de varianza por bloques completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones. Los resultados muestran que el pasto Lobero es una especie anfiestomatica y presenta estomas de tipo Diacitico o cariofiláceo. Lo que sugiere que la caracterización estomática es una técnica importante que nos brinda información valiosa sobre la estructura foliar de las especies vegetales DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v18i1.1376

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Biology is the property of Instituto Internacional de Ecologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Were evaluated the litterfall/carbon accumulation of louro-pardo as a function of different fertilization doses and the influence of the tree component on the biomass/carbon accumulation of aruana grass in a silvopastoral system in southwestern Paraná, Brazil. Samples were collected in the middle of the row (MR), in the crown projection (CP), and the midpoint between two rows (MR). Four mineral fertilization treatments applied to tree species were also compared: T0: without fertilization, T1: NPK (33-22-9), T2: NPK (66-44-18), and T3: NPK (99-66-27). The experimental design in randomized blocks was bifactorial with three positions x four doses, totaling 12 treatments with three replications, reaching 36 samples per component. Litterfall accumulation did not show significant differences between fertilizer doses and sampling positions, with a general average of 3846.8 kg ha-1. There was also no significant difference in the accumulation of aruana grass biomass between the different positions and doses, with a general average of 3479.8 kg ha-1. About to the accumulated organic carbon, there was no significant difference between the sampling positions and fertilization doses in the louropardo litter and the aruana grass biomass, with an average of 1791.3 kg ha-1 of carbon for the louro-pardo and 1653.1 kg ha-1 for aruana grass. The fertilization doses also did not significantly influence the carbon content of the litter of louro-pardo, which presented a general average of 1797.2 kg ha-1. In general, the fertilization of louro-pardo did not influence the amount of carbon in the litterfall, nor the amount of biomass of the aruana grass, and there was no indication for fertilization for this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dado que muchas de las especies utilizadas para fines acuícolas son exóticas y sin considerar el grado de alteración que pueden causar en los ecosistemas y especies nativas, este estudio se llevó a cabo con el objetivo de introducir una especie nativa como Dormitator latifrons a los sistemas tradicionales de acuicultura en estanques. Los sistemas de policultivo con especies de mayor valor comercial han proporcionado una estrategia útil para el desarrollo de la acuicultura sostenible de peces nativos. Por esta razón, este estudio evaluó el rendimiento de producción y el crecimiento de D. latifrons en policultivo con tilapia roja (Oreochromis spp.) y langostino (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) en estanques de producción en Costa Rica. Juveniles con pesos iniciales de 36,5 g ± 7,7 para D. latifrons, 14,2 g ± 7,5 para tilapias y 13,1 g ± 8,4 para langostinos, fueron utilizados durante la fase experimental realizada en 2 estanques divididos en 3 secciones de 24 m2. Los organismos fueron aleatoriamente distribuidos mediante un tratamiento con 3 réplicas en policultivo compuesto por 42 D. latifrons (1,75 Ind./m2), 34 tilapias (1,42 Ind./m2) y 27 langostinos (1,12 Ind./m2), mientras que en el control se utilizó, por triplicado, 30 D. latifrons en monocultivo a una densidad de siembra de 1,25 Ind./m2. El policultivo de D. latifrons con tilapias y langostinos tuvo un efecto perjudicial en el crecimiento de los peces lo que demuestra una interacción negativa entre ellos, existiendo competencia por espacio y alimento. Dormitator latifrons puede adaptarse a la alimentación artificial y competir con otras especies como las tilapias en la etapa juvenil, pero no muestra el mismo comportamiento conforme crece, lo cual podría explicar la caída del crecimiento en las últimas 9 semanas en policultivo con mayor cantidad de individuos en el estanque. La productividad del policultivo, en términos de la biomasa final alcanzada, fue considerablemente más alta que en monocultivo al sembrarse y cosecharse mayor cantidad de organismos.

Objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento inicial de Citharexyllum myrianthum sob a influência de três fontes de adubos de plantio, em condições de vasos de 18 L. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: testemunha absoluta; 5 L de biossólido/vaso; 300 g de fosfato natural de rocha (FNR) e 200 gramas de NPK 06-29-06. As mudas foram cultivadas nos vasos a pleno sol, complementados com Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico. Aos 150 dias após transplantio, as plantas foram mensuradas, obtendo-se a altura da parte aérea e o diâmetro do coleto. Em seguida foi calculado o incremento dessas duas variáveis. Posteriormente, as folhas foram retiradas para determinação da área foliar (AF), separando-se a parte aérea do sistema radicular, sendo acondicionados em saco de papel e colocados em estufa a 65°C, para secagem até atingir peso constante. Após pesagem deste material para obtenção da massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA) e radicular (MSR), as folhas foram moídas para a determinação dos teores foliares de N, P, K, Ca e Mg. Para avaliar o efeito dos tratamentos sobre o solo, retirou-se amostras dos vasos para a determinação dos teores de macronutrientes, matéria orgânica e CTC(t). Foi constatado que a AF e MSPA das plantas adubadas com NPK apresentaram valores significativamente superiores quando comparado as plantas cultivadas no tratamento testemunha. Indica-se adubar as plantas de Citharexyllum myrianthum com 200 gramas de N-P-K 06-29-06/cova ou com 5 L de biossolido/cova. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Se reporta por primera vez a Panicum dichotomiflorum subsp. dichotomiflorum en la provincia de Río Negro. Se aportan datos morfológicos y ecológicos y se discuten aspectos relacionados a su importancia en los diferentes sistemas productivos de la provincia. Al tratarse de un taxón invasor en el resto del mundo y debido a su capacidad de comportarse como maleza, su presencia debería ser considerada de importancia.

Objetivou-se avaliar a influência da restrição alimentar na capacidade antioxidante e atividade de colinesterases em formas jovens do curimatã-pacu. Utilizou-se 140 peixes, com 2,85±0,04g, distribuídos em 20 caixas em sistema de recirculação, inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições, durante 64 dias. Os tratamentos foram: T1 – alimentação ininterrupta (7A:0R), T2 – alimentação seis dias e um dia de jejum (6A:1R), T3 – alimentação cinco dias e dois dias de restrição (5A:2R) e T4 – alimentação quatro dias e três dias de privação (4A:3R). A alimentação foi oferecida três vezes ao dia (8h, 12h e 16h) com ração comercial. Analisou-se a capacidade antioxidante da superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) e glutationa S-transferase (GST), a peroxidação lipídica por meio dos níveis de malondialdeido (MDA) e a atividade de acetilcolinesterase (AChE) e butirilcolinesterase (BuChE). Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de Tukey a 5%. A SOD hepática foi maior nos grupos sob restrição, mas não afetou o sistema antioxidante, indicando pouca interferência do jejum. A BuChE revelou maior atividade no cérebro e músculo em 7A:0R. A restrição alimentar em Prochilodus argenteus não afetou a capacidade do sistema antioxidante e atividade das colinesterases, podendo ser aplicada sem interferir em aspectos fisiológicos importantes.

Panicum dichotomiflorum subsp. dichotomiflorum is recorded for the first time in the Río Negro province. Morphological and ecological data are provided, and aspects related to the importance of the taxon in the different production systems of the province are discussed. As an invasive taxon in the rest of the world and due to its capacity to behave as a weed, its presence must be considered important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the biometric characteristics of fruits and seeds of Diospyros inconstans Jacq., germination and formation of seedlings obtained from fruits at three maturity stages, subjected to different temperatures. Biometric data were obtained from 100 fruits and 100 seeds. The determining parameters in the biometry of the fruits were: length, width, mass and number of seeds/fruit and for the seeds: length, width, thickness and mass. In the germination test, a factorial scheme (3x4), three maturity stages (green, intermediate and reddish), and four temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35 °C) were used. The analyzed variables were: germination, germination speed index (GSI), mean germination time (MGT), time to obtain 50% germination (t50), percentage of seedlings, length and dry mass of shoots and roots, and collar diameter. Fruits and seeds showed greater variation in the parameters fresh mass and number of seeds per fruit. The germination speed index was higher in seeds from reddish fruits, and seeds from green fruits originated betterdeveloped seedlings. Temperatures of 25 and 30 °C are recommended for conducting the seed germination test at the three maturity stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Ciência Agronômica is the property of Revista Ciencia Agronomica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal de Ciencia e Ingeniería is the property of Corporacion Universitaria Autonoma del Cauca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Argentinian Horticulture / Horticultura Argentina is the property of Revista Horticultura Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Solanum diploconos is a native shrub of the Atlantic Rainforest, with a potential for food, medicine, landscape and forest replacement. Research works on the species are rare and are limited to functions and improvement in production processes. The morphology of reproductive, germination and seedling structures was investigated, coupled to the biometrics of fruits and seeds, and the development of seedlings and humidity rates of the seed in different storages and harvest periods. Phenological follow-up and harvest of biological material were undertaken in the towns of Fernandes Pinheiro and Prudentópolis, Brazil. Other measurements and seedling production were taken in Campo Largo PR Brazil. Fruits are fleshy, indehiscent; seeds are small (1.70-3.00 mm diameter; 0.75 mm thickness), endosperm and campylotropous. The embryo is circinate, with epigeous fanerocotyledonary germination. Fruits measured 2.60-4.60 cm (length) and 2.20-3.10 cm (diameter). Humidity ranged between 5.75 and 10.43% under different conditions. Seedlings (20 days) had a mean diameter of 0.81 mm, cotyledons with 5.34 mm length and 1.99 mm width. Seedlings (120 days) have on average six leaves, diameter 4.68 mm and height 23.66 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o estabelecimento de Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil [Griseb.] Altschul sob inoculação micorrízica e fertilização no Pantanal da Nhecolândia, MS. O experimento foi implantado em março de 2015 em ambiente de cordilheira parcialmente desmatada, em blocos ao acaso distribuídos no micro relevo, e parcelas subdivididas. Os principais tratamentos foram constituídos por mudas submetidas ou não (controle) à inoculação mista com Rhizophagus clarus e Gigaspora margarita, e aos tratamentos secundários de adubação com doses de sulfato de amônio e cloreto de potássio. Entre 2015 e 2017 foram avaliados a abertura do dossel das árvores remanescentes, o percentual de sobrevivência e o crescimento de A. colubrina. Melhores condições de sobrevivência foram verificadas na porção da cordilheira mais próxima à baía, sob sombreamento moderado e com a aplicação, no plantio, de 15 g de sulfato de amônio e de 5 g de cloreto de potássio por muda. A inoculação micorrízica promoveu incremento de 16% em diâmetro do colo aos 23 meses de idade, não aumentando a sobrevivência da espécie. Estudos complementares são necessários para subsidiar estratégias de manejo de A. colubrina, em condições de plantio no Pantanal da Nhecolândia.

O uso de resíduos agrícolas como alternativa na formulação de substratos é uma possibilidade relevante na produção de mudas, reduzindo simultaneamente custos e o acúmulo desses subprodutos no ambiente. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de substratos compostos por resíduos da produção de café para o desenvolvimento de mudas de Joannesia princeps Vell. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos em oito repetições, com 14 mudas por parcela (formulado 1: 10% vermiculita e 90% fibra de coco; formulado 2: 10% vermiculita, 30% casca de arroz carbonizada e 60% fibra de coco; formulado 3: 10% vermiculita, 30% casca de café carbonizada e 60% fibra de coco; fertilizados com 4000 g m-3 de Osmocote®). Foram realizadas avaliações de altura e de diâmetro do coleto das mudas aos 150 dias e aos 210 dias após a repicagem das mudas para tubetes. Não foi observada diferença estatística significativa ao nível de tratamento. A casca de café carbonizada se apresenta como componente alternativo à casca de arroz carbonizada para a formulação de substrato para a produção de mudas de J. princeps.

Licania kunthiana, popularly known as ‘fruta-de-morcego’, is a medium-size plant found in seasonal forest areas of the Amazon, Caatinga, Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest. The wood of the plant is used in civil construction and in the manufacture of furniture. However, the species lacks information concerning ideal conditions for germination and biometric characteristics of its seeds. In this manner, the current study aimed to investigate the germination potential, vigor (speed germination index - SGI and average germination time - AGT), initial growth (total length) and biometrics of L. kunthiana seeds. Constant (20, 25, 30 and 35 °C) and alternating (20-30 and 25-35 °C) temperatures were used, in a completely randomized design. The seeds had an average height of 1.7 cm, diameter of 1.4 cm and weight of 1.4 g, with a greater variation coefficient for length. The species shows better germination performance and formation of normal seedlings at temperatures of 25 and 30 °C, with results indicating that the vigor of the seeds can be considered high (25 °C - 2.2 SGI and 6.1 AGT; 30 °C - 1.9 SGI and 8.9 AGT). The relative frequency of germination indicated L. kunthiana seeds are not perfectly synchronized, displaying rapid germination over a short time period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A implantação de programas de melhoramento genético de peixes do Brasil tem trazido resultados significativos na produtividade de peixes como na Tilápia. No entanto, a inserção desses programas em espécies nativas de grande potencial como o Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) ainda é recente, sendo necessárias informações genéticas que permitam seu monitoramento e viabilizem sua consolidação. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a diversidade genética da geração parental (G0) e duas gerações consecutivas (G1 e G2) do programa de melhoramento genético de Colossoma macropomum, localizado no município de Sorriso Mato Grosso, Brasil. Noventa amostras de nadadeira caudal foram coletadas (30 amostras por geração) para a extração do DNA. O estudo genético foi conduzido implementando-se um total de sete loci microssatélites (Cm1A8, Cm1A11, Cm1D1, Cm1E3, Cm1F4, Cm1F5 e Cm1H8). Um total de 17 alelos foram amplificados, com variações no número médio entre quatro a dois alelos por locus. O tamanho por loci variou entre 170 a 360 pares de bases. O coeficiente de endogamia médio foi 0,126 (G0), -0,040 (G1) e 0,131 (G2). Não foram encontrados alelos nulos nem alelos exclusivos. Os valores de heterozigosidade observada para G1 e G2 demonstraram preservação da variabilidade genética (0,453 e 0,409, respectivamente). Em conclusão a diversidade genética tanto da geração parental (G0) como das duas gerações (G1 e G2) foi adequada, o que demostra que o programa de melhoramento genético está sendo conduzido de maneira correta sendo importante dar continuidade com avaliações de diversidade genética nas progênies futuras.

Ormosia discolor Spruce ex Benth. is a native tree of the Amazon with has fast growth and nodulation capacity, whose seeds are used for craftwork. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters in seed characters of O. discolor at different ambient temperatures and to indicate superior matrices to compose seed lots. Seeds of 20 progenies selected from a population in the state of Amazonas were collected. Three experiments were performed under different ambient temperatures at the Seed Center laboratory/UFAM. Experiment 1 was performed at constant temperature of 30 °C. In experiment 2, seeds were submitted to a temperature of 35 °C. In experiment 3, after five months of freezing, the seeds were submitted to a temperature of 30 °C. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of 20 progenies, four replicates, and 25 seeds per plot. The germination characters evaluated were germination rate, mean germination time, and synchronization and speed germination indexes. Genetic and phenotypic variances and correlations, broad-sense heritability, and genetic gain through direct selection were estimated. O.discolor progenies showed significant genetic variability for most of the characters evaluated. High heritability and accuracy values (> 90%) were found for germination rates at all ambient temperatures. Matrices 2, 7, and 16 were superior for germination characters at all temperatures tested, being indicated for seedling production. Eighteen O. discolor seeds are sufficient for biometric analysis with accuracy of 95% in genotype selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Light is one of the factors that influence the germination and initial establishment of orchids under in vitro cultivation. This study evaluated the effect of different light sources on these stages in in vitro cultivation of Schomburgkia crispa Lindl. After sowing in an aseptic environment, we stored the cultures in a screened greenhouse (natural light) or in a growth room with the following light sources: 3,000 K yellow LED; 6,500 K white LED [1]; 6,500 K white LED [2]; or 6,500 K white fluorescent lamp (control). We assessed germination percentage and initial seedling establishment at 45 and 90 days after sowing. Light did not influence the germination of S. crispa. However, the use of 3,000 K LED provided a faster initial establishment of S. crispa when compared to the other light sources, also presenting lower seedling mortality. Thus, the light source 3,000 K LED is a potential substitute for the 6,500 K fluorescent lamps and LEDs used in growth rooms in in vitro culture laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se caracterizó la vegetación vascular en las coberturas relicto de bosque, plantación de Eucalyptus globulus y pastizal en el municipio de San Bernardo, en las cuales se hizo un muestreo preferencial. Se efectuaron parcelas de acuerdo al tipo de cobertura y estrato según Moreno (2001) y Villareal et al. (2004). Se registraron 31 especies en el relicto de bosque, siete en la plantación y 25 en el pastizal. La mayor diversidad de Shannon fue para el relicto de bosque (2,97), seguido por el pastizal (2,40) y la plantación (1,15). Igualmente, la mayor dominancia de Simpson fue para el relicto de bosque (0,93), el pastizal (0,3) y la plantación (0,56). Especies como Hedyosmum bonplandianum, Vismia guianensis y Miconia theaezans en el relicto de bosque y Eucalyptus globulus en plantación presentaron el mayor valor de IVI e IPF. Así mismo, se identificaron atributos de plantas con características favorables para la colonización y establecimiento, debido a las implicaciones que estas pueden tener en el desarrollo de estrategias de restauración durante el proceso de regeneración del ecosistema. La presencia de actividades antrópicas como sistemas agrícolas, pecuarios, plantaciones, incendios, entre otros, ha originado principalmente una pérdida en la vegetación nativa y fragmentación del ecosistema.

Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. is a native species of Brazil with food, medicinal, industrial and forest restoration potential. The objective of this study was to test different substrates and temperatures in the germination and seedling formation of B. antiacantha. Seeds obtained from fruits collected in situ from three localities, one in Paverama/RS and two in Taquari/RS, were washed in running water and homogenized in a single batch. After drying, the seeds were disinfested and seeded in medium sand and germibox paper, and exposed to constant temperatures of 25 and 30ºC. Firstly, the water content of the seeds were determined and, after installation of the experiment, the percentage of germination (G) and seedlings formed (SF), germination mean time (MTG) and seedling formation mean time (MTS), germination rate index (GRI) and seedling formation rate index (SRI) were calculated. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with 4 replicates of 50 seeds. The water content and the weight of one thousand seeds corresponded to 17.02% and 27.09 g, respectively. The paper was superior to sand, with an average of 87% of germinated seeds, as well as a percentage of 86.25% of normal seedlings formed. Regarding the temperature, at 25 ºC, the seeds showed lower MTG and MTS and higher GRI and SRI. B. antiacantha seeds showed superior germination and initial seedling formation when sown on paper substrates and at 25 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Agricultura Irrigada - RBAI is the property of Revista Brasileira de Agricultura Irrigada - RBAI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Drimys brasiliensis, popularly known as cataia or casca-d'anta, is a tree species native to the Atlantic Forest and belonging to the family Winteraceae. Due to its seeds have dormancy due to embryonic immaturity, the present work aimed to evaluate the viability of the mini-cutting technique in D. brasiliensis in different seasons of collection of the propagules. Mini-cuttings from seedlings sprouts previously produced by conventional cutting were collected at six different times (December/2015, February/2016, April/2016, June/2016, August/2016 and October/2016), made 6-8 cm long, with bevel cut at the base and rectum at the apex, keeping two leaves with their area halved. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 4 replicates and 14 mini-cuttings per experimental unit. The mini-cuttings were planted in tubes with substrate containing vermiculite and carbonized rice husk (1:1) and kept in a heated greenhouse. After 120 days, the percentage of rooted mini-cuttings, number of roots per mini-cuttings, length of the three largest roots by mini-cuttings, percentage of mini-cuttings with callus, live, dead, with shoots and leaves that maintained their original leaves were evaluated. Rooting percentages of mini-cuttings were greater than 75% regardless of the season of the year in which the propagules were collected. The adventitious root formation of D. brasiliensis occurs indirectly, from the callus tissue formed at the base of the mini-cuttings. The minicuttings technique is recommended for the production of seedlings of the species, at any seasons of the year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: El género Myroxylon (Fabaceae) incluye dos especies, M. balsamum y M. peruiferum, presentes desde el sur de México hasta Suramérica. Sin embargo, en Costa Rica solo se reconocía la presencia de M. balsamum. Objetivos: confirmar la presencia de M. peruiferum en Costa Rica y presentar las características morfológicas para su diferenciación de M. balsamum. Métodos: En abril de 2019 se exploraron tres sitios al suroeste del Valle Central. Se recolectó material botánico de árboles del género Myroxylon y se identificó a nivel de especie. Adicionalmente, se revisaron las colecciones de los herbarios CR, JVR y USJ. Resultados: En los sitios explorados se encontraron árboles de M. peruiferum, diferenciables de M. balsamum en la morfología de los foliolos, las flores, los frutos maduros y las semillas. El 41 % de los ejemplares de herbario identificados como M. balsamum corresponden a M. peruiferum. Conclusión: la ausencia de M. peruiferum en los registros de la flora costarricense se debió a la incorrecta identificación del material recolectado y al desconocimiento de que las especies pueden identificarse mediante características vegetativas.

En la presente investigación se determinó el esfuerzo máximo a la compresión paralela a la fibra en una especie de bambú nativo de México (Otatea fimbriata Soderstrom), encontrada de forma silvestre en el municipio de Suchiapa, Chiapas, para su validación como material de construcción. Se ensayaron muestras con nudo y sin nudo de la parte inferior, media y superior de los culmos, siguiendo los procedimientos de la NTC-5525:2007 “Métodos de ensayo para determinar las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de la Guadua Angustifolia Kunth” y las Normas ISO: 22157-1: 2004 e ISO TR 22157-2: 2004. Los valores de resistencia máxima están dentro del rango reportado de otras especies de bambú (genero Guadua). Los valores a compresión demuestran que la Otatea fimbriata Soderstrom es un material alternativo, natural, altamente renovable y con alto potencial para su uso en construcción.

Copyright of Nativa is the property of Revista Nativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Seeds are exposed to diverse environmental factors when dispersed, including abiotic stresses, which will affect germination. Drought is the most important factor affecting germination, since water is essential for seed development. Aspidosperma polyneuron is a native endangered species which has been extensively exploited, mainly for timber extraction purposes. This study analyzed germination and degradation of soluble sugars and proteins of A. polyneuron seeds during germination under water stress. Seeds were placed on Germitest papers moistened with different water potential solutions, varying from 0.0 to -1.4 MPa. Degradation of soluble sugars and soluble proteins was assessed in five stages of germination at the different water potentials. A. polyneuron seeds lost germination capacity as the water potential decreased, being unable to germinate below -0.6 MPa. Glutelin was the most abundant storage protein in the seed, while prolamin was the least. Reserve degradation was altered in negative water potentials. Soluble proteins are degraded faster and soluble sugars are degraded slower as the water potential drops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental - Agriambi is the property of Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agricola e Ambiental and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hymenaea stigonocarpa, conhecida como jatobá-do-cerrado, pertence à família Fabaceae (Leguminosae) e está incluída na categoria de espécie “quase ameaçada de extinção”. Seus indivíduos ocorrem em áreas de cerrado e cerradão e suas sementes apresentam dormência física. Em razão dessa característica, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar diferentes tratamentos pré-germinativos em sementes de H. stigonocarpa, sendo eles: imersão em fogo, ácido sulfúrico, ácido clorídrico, acetona, éter e água quente (100°C), além de escarificação mecânica com lixa e corte do tegumento com alicate de unha, lavagem em água corrente por 2 h. Os resultados obtidos pelos tratamentos foram comparados aos da testemunha, que não foi submetida a nenhum deles. Os parâmetros analisados foram: a porcentagem de germinação, o Índice de Velocidade de Germinação (IVG) e os percentuais de sementes duras e firmes e de sementes mortas. Os resultados obtidos foram: a) germinação: a água fervente e o ácido sulfúrico foram superiores aos da testemunha; b) IVG: a água fervente, o ácido sulfúrico, o fogo e a lixa foram superiores aos da testemunha; e c) não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre a testemunha e os demais tratamentos para o percentual de sementes mortas. Em vista disso, os tratamentos com a água fervente e o ácido sulfúrico se mostraram os melhores, considerando-se os parâmetros analisados.

Objetivou-se avaliar o emprego do tratamento químico, com herbicida a base de glifosato, na formação de povoamentos de restauração florestal em áreas com predominância de braquiária, em comparação ao controle mecânico. O tratamento químico foi realizado através de capina em faixas de 1,2 m, antes do plantio, e quando a braquiária apresentava altura média de 30 cm, aplicando-se glifosato na dose de 1,44 kg ha-1, nas entrelinhas. O tratamento com controle mecânico consistiu de capinas em faixas de 1,2 m nas linhas de plantio e roçadas nas entrelinhas. Utilizaram-se 10 espécies arbóreas, plantadas no espaçamento 3,2 x 1,7 m. Avaliou-se sobrevivência e crescimento em altura das espécies aos 6, 18 e 30 meses após o plantio e o diâmetro ao nível do solo aos 30 meses. Os custos envolvidos na aplicação e na manutenção de cada tratamento, até 30 meses após o plantio, também foram avaliados. A taxa de sobrevivência sofreu pouca influência dos tratamentos utilizados. Em todas as épocas de avaliação do tratamento químico, as 10 espécies florestais obtiveram maior crescimento em altura, comportamento semelhante ao diâmetro ao nível do solo aos 30 meses. O tratamento mecânico apresentou custo de manutenção, aproximadamente, três vezes superior ao tratamento com glifosato.

Devido à grande diversidade de plantas na Amazônia, os estudos para preservação e propagação de muitas espécies ainda são incipientes e por isso a sua caracterização pode corroborar na preservação e evitar processos de extinção. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as estimativas morfométricas dos racemos, frutos e sementes, e as características da emergência das plântulas de Sorocea guilleminiana Gaudich., uma espécie florestal nativa. Os frutos apresentaram peso, comprimento e diâmetro médios de 0,787 g, 10,62 mm e 9,78 mm, respectivamente. O peso, comprimento, largura e espessura média das sementes foram de 0,271 g, 8,19 mm, 7,62 mm e 5,69 mm. A maior correlação das características biométricas foi entre o peso e a polpa do fruto (r = 0,9185). O percentual de água das sementes foi de 45,64%. A emergência iniciou 26 dias após a semeadura e se estendeu por mais 53 dias. A velocidade de germinação foi 0,03, o tempo médio de emergência foi de 34 dias e o percentual médio de emergência 27%. Os parâmetros biométricos apontaram que grandes racemos têm quantidades elevadas de frutos e, consequentemente, mais polpa. A semente representa menos da metade da massa do fruto. A emergência é lenta e irregular e apresentou baixo percentual de plântulas emergidas.

Brazil is one of the center of origin of passion fruit and has an important natural variability of the genus Passiflora. Several wild species of this genus are resistant to some pests and diseases and many are considered as medicinal. The aim of this research was to induce callus from in vitro Passiflora gibertii leaf explants for quantification of vitamin C and total phenols. Once the appropriate auxin/cytokine balance promotes callus formation and may optimize the production of secondary compounds and vitamins, calli were induced using a half-strength MS medium with a combination of the auxin Picloran (PIC) and the cytokine Kinetin (KIN). The vitamin C and total phenols were quantified by colorimetric methods from calli after different culture periods. The calli induction was strongly dependent of the combination PIC/KIN. It was observed high vitamin C content (94.8mg 100g-1) during the calli induction period in MS+4.14µM PIC+ 0.207µM KIN. Higher PIC/KIN concentrations promoted an increase in the vitamin C content after three subcultures. The higher PIC (8.28µM)/KIN (0.828µM) concentration was the higher was the total phenols production (66mg tannic acid 100g-1 of fresh callus) during the calli induction period.

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal (RBSPA) is the property of Revista Brasileira de Saude e Producao Animal (RBSPA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)