283 results on '"ertrag"'
Search Results
2. Sigma Level Schätzung
- Author
-
Muralidharan, K. and Muralidharan, K.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
3. Einfluss von gewobenen Polypropylen-Bodenabdeckungen während des Winters auf den Unkrautdruck, den Ertrag und die Qualität von Zitronenminze im folgenden Jahr.
- Author
-
Carlen, Christoph, Simonnet, Xavier, Carron, Claude-Alain, and Christ, Bastien
- Subjects
ORGANIC farming ,PEPPERMINT ,AROMATIC plants ,WEED control ,SPRING ,WEEDS - Abstract
Copyright of Julius-Kühn-Archiv is the property of Julius Kuehn Institut and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal: Langzeitstudie über 13 Sorten in Österreich
- Author
-
Lehner Christoph, Roth Thomas, Kaul Hans-Peter, and Neugschwandtner Reinhard W.
- Subjects
dreilappige papau ,superfood ,ertrag ,gewichtsverteilung ,reifeverteilung ,north american pawpaw ,yield ,weight distribution ,distribution of maturity ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
An der Höheren Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt für Gartenbau (HBLFA) Schönbrunn und Österreichische Bundesgärten in Wien wurde im Jahr 2003 ein Langzeitversuch mit der Dreilappigen Papau (Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal) eingerichtet. In diesem wird die Anpassungsfähigkeit an mitteleuropäische Umweltverhältnisse anhand von 13 Sorten überprüft. Ab dem achten Jahr haben die Pflanzen zuverlässig Früchte getragen, welche in unterschiedlichen Versuchsreihen sensorisch beurteilt wurden. In zehn Versuchsjahren konnten Gewichte und natürliche Reifezeitpunkte von 16.164 Einzelfrüchten dokumentiert werden. Die Daten zeigen wechselhafte Gesamterträge und Fruchtzahlen, aber auch Unterschiede in der Reifeverteilung, dem Saisonstart und der Saisonlänge über alle Sorten und Jahre. Vergleichbare Studien aus Italien, Ohio und Kentucky konnten ähnliche mittlere Fruchtgewichte, aber deutlich geringere Fruchtzahlen erzielen. Es gibt mehrere mögliche Einflussfaktoren. Neben Bestäubungsdefiziten und anderen Vorerntefaktoren wie dem Wetter kann die Bodentextur (Körnung) die Baumproduktivität der Papau erheblich beeinflussen. Zudem kann eine genetische Inkompatibilität zwischen der Sämlingsunterlage mit dem Edelreis zu Vitalitätseinbußen führen. Auch eine gezielte Sortenauswahl kann für gute Erträge hilfreich sein. Die wohlschmeckenden Sorten ‘Davis’, ‘Mango’, ‘NC-1’, ‘Overleese’ und ‘Prima 1216–60’ haben sich in diesem Versuchssetup als besonders großfruchtend erwiesen und zeigten hohe Fruchtzahlen und eine lange Reifeverteilung. In dieser Konstellation kann eine Saisonlänge von sechs bis acht Wochen erreicht werden, was für den Vertrieb frischer Früchte förderlich ist. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma harzianum and Zinc Nanoparticles to Mitigate Gray Mold Disease of Tomato.
- Author
-
Imran, Muhammad, Abo-Elyousr, Kamal A. M., El-Sharnouby, Mohamed E., Ali, Esmat F., Sallam, Nashwa M. A., Bagy, Hadeel M. M. Khalil, and Abdel-Rahim, Ismail R.
- Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Efficacy of the New Herbicide Clomazone Against Weeds in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), Its Effect On Quality and Its Residues in Tubers and Soil.
- Author
-
El-Ganainy, Sherif M., Abbas, Ahmed O., El-Hefny, Dalia, and Abdallah, Ibrahim S.
- Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Stand Establishment, Growth, and Yield Enhancement Response of Soybean to Inoculation and NPK Compound and Organic Fertilizers.
- Author
-
Khan, Zaid, Ahmad, Bashir, Nauman Khan, Mohammad, Ayoub Khan, Muhammad, Ahmad, Sajjad, Baloch, Amanullah, Zaib Bashir, Shah, Ahmad, Fayaz, and Ur Rahim, Hafeez
- Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Effect of Biochar, Mycorrhiza, and Foliar Application of Boron on Growth and Yield of Peanuts.
- Author
-
Ghazimahalleh, Behrooz Ghorbani, Amerian, Mohammad Reza, Kahneh, Ehsan, Rahimi, Mehdi, and Tabari, Zahra Taghizadeh
- Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Influence of Various Densities of Wild Oat and Holy Thistle on the Productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum).
- Author
-
Ahmad, Ijaz, Gul, Bakhtiar, Khan, Haroon, and Fawad, Muhammad
- Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The Symbiosis Effect of Mycorrhizal Fungi and Nano-fertilizers on Qualitative and Quantitative Traits, Biochemical Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Mung Bean Under Water Stress Conditions.
- Author
-
Abbasi, Majede, Maleki, Abbas, Mirzaeiheydari, Mohammad, and Rostaminiya, Mahmood
- Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Phosphate Glass-Based Controlled-Release Fertilizers Improve Wheat Growth, Yield and Grain Nutritional Quality Under Field Conditions.
- Author
-
Ait-El-Mokhtar, Mohamed, Labbilta, Tariq, Anli, Mohamed, Boutasknit, Abderrahim, Abouliatim, Younes, Khouloud, Mehdi, Mesnaoui, Mohamed, and Meddich, Abdelilah
- Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Improvement of Growth, Yield and Biochemical Properties of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L. "Montreal" and "Red Bull") by Foliar Application of Zinc Under Calcareous Soil Conditions.
- Author
-
Hussain, Sadam, Khan, Shah Masaud, Jamal, Aftab, Mihoub, Adil, Saeed, Muhammad Farhan, Khalid, Muhammad Shafique, Babar, Saba, and Ahmad, Sohail
- Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Improving Lettuce Yield and Quality of an Agricultural Soil Using a Combination of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus and Phosphate-Green Wastes Compost.
- Author
-
Anli, Mohamed, Boutasknit, Abderrahim, Ait-El-Mokhtar, Mohamed, Ben-Laouane, Raja, Ait-Rahou, Youssef, Fakhech, Abdessamad, and Meddich, Abdelilah
- Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Foliar Application of Silicon, Sulfur, and Flowering Fruit Set Biostimulant on Canola.
- Author
-
Yari, Payman, Pasari, Babak, Rokhzadi, Asad, and Mohammadi, Khosro
- Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Reintroduction of rare arable weeds under various farming practices and their influence on ecosystem services and yield.
- Author
-
Witty, Rosa, Schumacher, Matthias, and Gerhards, Roland
- Subjects
AGRICULTURE ,WEEDS ,ECOSYSTEM services ,ENDANGERED species ,PEST control ,WEED control ,GROUND beetles ,AGRICULTURAL intensification - Abstract
Copyright of Julius-Kühn-Archiv is the property of Julius Kuehn Institut and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Effects of Low Doses of Glyphosate on Agronomic Traits of Upland Rice.
- Author
-
Ferrari, Samuel, Marsala, Leonardo, and Luís Oliveira Cunha, Matheus
- Subjects
UPLAND rice ,GLYPHOSATE ,HERBICIDE application ,TUKEY'S test ,HERBICIDES ,ANALYSIS of variance - Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Improvement of Garlic Growth, Physiology, Biochemical Traits, and Soil Fertility by Rhizophagus Irregularis and Compost.
- Author
-
Boutasknit, Abderrahim, Ait-Rahou, Youssef, Anli, Mohamed, Ait-El-Mokhtar, Mohamed, Ben-Laouane, Raja, and Meddich, Abdelilah
- Subjects
SOIL fertility ,BIOFERTILIZERS ,GARLIC ,COMPOSTING ,VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas ,BIOMASS production - Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. The Effects of Different Micronutrient Fertilizers on cv. Tombul Hazelnut Yield and Certain Nut Properties.
- Author
-
Horuz, Ayhan, Güneş, Adem, Turan, Metin, Demir, Taki, Serdar, Ümit, Ozlu, Ekrem, Karaman, Mehmet Rüştü, and Fırıldak, Gülay
- Subjects
MICRONUTRIENT fertilizers ,HAZELNUTS ,NUTRITION ,CONFECTIONERY ,NUTS ,FERTILIZER application ,FOOD industry - Abstract
Turkey is the leading producer of hazelnuts of global production. Hazelnuts are generally used in the food industry (e.g. by confectioneries, bakeries, ice-cream manufacturers; in dairy, candy, and chocolate products). They are also a part of a wide range of food including cereals, bread, yogurt, soups, and salads. This study was conducted in the Central Black Sea Region of Northern Turkey, which is the largest hazelnut cultivation area in Turkey. The study aims to investigate the effects of different foliar fertilizers on hazelnut yield and nut properties in terms of human nutrition and health. We tried to determine the effects of different characteristics of foliar fertilizers such as Suryamin BZn (B = 9% B, 4% Zn EDTA chelate), Suryamin 1 of chelate (S = 10:7:6+Micro nutrients; 10% N, 7% P, 6% K, 0.04% B, 0.2% Cu, 0.002% Co, 0.6% Fe, 0.07% Mn, 0.4% Zn, 0.002% Mo) and Suryamin Micro (M = 3% Fe, 3% Mn, 3% Zn, 0.5% Cu, 0.7% B) on cv. Tombul hazelnut yield and certain nut properties. During the years, B and Zn were applied as 300 mg kg
−1 . All other nutrients were applied as 50 mg kg−1 . The highest yield and the average results for certain nut properties such as number of nuts in cluster, nut size, kernel weight, and clove/shoot rates were obtained with the B (Suryamin BZn) applications. The highest rates of kernel and shoot length were obtained with the S (Suryamin 1 of chelate) applications. The highest amounts of healthy and the lowest amounts faulty kernel were obtained from M (Suryamin Micro) fertilizer applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. The Effect of Foliar Fertilization with Micronutrients on the Incidence and Severity of Leaf and Stem-base Diseases in Winter Triticale (x Triticosecale Witmm.) and Winter Rye (Secale cereale L.).
- Author
-
Cwalina-Ambroziak, Bożena, Głosek-Sobieraj, Małgorzata, Damszel, Marta, and Stępień, Arkadiusz
- Subjects
RYE ,TRITICALE ,FOLIAR feeding ,MICRONUTRIENTS ,ROOT rots ,WINTER - Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Dauerfeldversuche zum notwendigen Maß bei der Anwendung von Insektiziden im Winterraps – Was lernen wir aus 25 Jahren?
- Author
-
Sandra Krengel-Horney, Jörn Strassemeyer, and Jürgen Schwarz
- Subjects
Winterraps ,Insektizide ,tierische Schaderreger ,Ertrag ,Umweltwirkung ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
In Dauerfeldversuchen am Standort Dahnsdorf (Fläming) werden seit 1995 Untersuchungen zur Abschätzung des notwendigen Maßes der Anwendung von Insektiziden in Winterraps und zur Entwicklung nachhaltiger Insektizidstrategien durchgeführt. Im Rahmen des Versuches „Strategievergleich – umweltverträglicher Pflanzenschutz“ wurden in mittlerweile drei Versuchsphasen jeweils zwei verschiedene Insektizidstrategien in Winterraps gegenübergestellt, die sich in der Intensität unterschieden. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrages war es, die Insektizidintensitäten sowie deren Ertrags- und Umwelteffekte vor dem Hintergrund des jährlichen Befallsdruckes vergleichend zu betrachten und zu diskutieren. Die Auswertung zeigte, dass in 21 von 22 betrachteten Versuchsjahren Insektizidmaßnahmen im Winterraps notwendig waren, deren Intensität aufgrund der Witterung und des Befallsdrucks stark schwankte. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine Reduzierung der Behandlungsintensität um 50% bis 60% nur in der ersten Phase des Versuches signifikante Ertragseinbußen zur Folge hatte. Der Vergleich der Umweltwirkungen mit dem Risikoindikatormodell SYNOPS-GIS ergab, dass die Reduktion der Behandlungsintensität in vielen Jahren mit einer Verringerung des Umweltrisikos einherging. Allerdings zeigten einzelne Fälle, dass dies nicht immer zutraf und auch die Mittel- bzw. Wirkstoffwahl von entscheidender Bedeutung waren. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung der Nutzung verfügbarer Entscheidungshilfen im Pflanzenschutz wie Befallskontrollen, Warndienstmeldungen, Prognosemodelle und Erfolgskontrollen, um die Anwendung von Insektiziden in Winterraps auf das notwendige Maß zu reduzieren. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Effect of Sawdust and Foil Mulches on Soil Properties, Growth and Yield of Black Currant.
- Author
-
Paunović, Svetlana M., Milinković, Mira, and Pešaković, Marijana
- Subjects
MULCHING ,WOOD waste ,SOIL heating ,SOIL temperature ,SOIL moisture ,BLACK cotton soil - Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of sawdust and black foil mulches on soil properties, growth and yield of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.). A control (bare soil) was also included in the experiment. During three-year research, in all cultivation systems, there were changes in soil physical and chemical characteristics, including soil pH reduction, a decrease in coarse sand, silt and clay fractions, and an increase in fine sand fractions. The soil covered with sawdust had a stimulating effect on nutrient content (humus, N, P and K) and microbial count in the soil. Sawdust mulch favoured the modification of soil microclimate through temperature reduction and maintenance of moderate soil moisture throughout the growing season. The relationship of physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil in black currants under sawdust mulch contributed to an increase in fruit yield and bush growth compared to bare soil and foil mulch. On the other hand, black foil mulch allowed early soil warming and caused an increase in soil temperature and moisture during the growing season, which had not a positive effect on the tested parameters. The results indicated that mulching with sawdust is an effective method for growth and yield improvement in black currants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Rootstock and Interstock Effects on Plum cv. 'Čačanska Lepotica' Young Tree Performance and Fruit Quality Traits.
- Author
-
Popara, Gordana, Magazin, Nenad, Keserović, Zoran, Milić, Biserka, Milović, Maja, Kalajdžić, Jelena, and Manojlović, Maja
- Subjects
ROOTSTOCKS ,FRUIT quality ,PLUM ,FRUIT trees ,FRUIT growing ,FRUIT yield - Abstract
Extensive plum production in Serbia has led to a reduction in yield, quality and economic profitability, a transition to intensive production is necessary. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different generative (Prunus cerasifera, Prunus cerasifera + Prunus spinosa) and vegetative (WaVit, WeiWa) rootstocks in a dense planting system (4 m × 2 m). The experiment was conducted on early high-quality domestic cultivar 'Čačanska Lepotica' characterised by high adaptive ability in different agro-climatic conditions. The orchard was established in 2012 at the Experimental Field for Fruit Growing of the Faculty of Agriculture Novi Sad at Rimski Šančevi, and the experiment was conducted from 2013 to 2017. Based on the research findings, Prunus cerasifera rootstock induced higher tree trunk cross-section area, while also enhancing the total soluble solids content in the fruit. Trees grafted on Prunus spinosa interstock with Prunus cerasifera as the rootstock exhibited the smallest vigour, cumulative yield and titratable acidity. On the other hand, vegetative rootstocks increased the fruit yield, weight and size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Effects of Fruit/Leaf Ratios on Fruit Characteristics in Kiwifruit.
- Author
-
Akbaş, Hümeyra and Özcan, Muharrem
- Subjects
FRUIT ripening ,KIWIFRUIT ,FRUIT skins ,FRUIT ,FRUIT yield ,VITAMIN C ,FRUIT quality - Abstract
The present study was carried out in order to determine effects of hand thinning on fruit quality and yield. The branch based fruit thinnings were applied at six different rates of fruit/leaf (F/L) (1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, 1/6). The study conducted two years and pomological analysis were performed in collected fruits from the branches. According to the results, the highest values in terms of fruit/leaf ratio were obtained from 1/1 F/L application for yield, total soluble solids (HM-TSS) and titratable acidity at harvest maturity (HM-TA) period; 1/2 F/L application for TSS at ripening period (RP-TSS) and fruit peel colour both at harvest maturity (HM-FPC) and ripening period (RP-FPC); 1/3 F/L application for vitamin C content; 1/5 F/L application for fruit weight and fruit flesh colour at the ripening period; 1/6 F/L application for fruit firmness, fruit lenght, fruit diameter, titratable acidity at ripening period (RP-TA) and titratable acidity at harvest maturity period (HM-TA). It can be concluded that the better results obtained from the applications of 1/5 and 1/6 F/L thinning ratio in view of yield and quality, and so these applications may suggested to be applied in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Dauerfeldversuche zum notwendigen Maß bei der Anwendung von Insektiziden im Winterraps - Was lernen wir aus 25 Jahren?
- Author
-
Krengel-Horney, Sandra, Strassemeyer, Jörn, and Schwarz, Jürgen
- Subjects
RAPESEED oil ,OILSEEDS ,ENVIRONMENTAL risk ,PLANT protection ,WEATHER ,INSECTICIDES - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Cultivated Plants / Journal für Kulturpflanzen is the property of Verlag Eugen Ulmer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Foliar Application of Kaolin to Reduce Sunburn in 'Red Delicious' Apple.
- Author
-
Sarooghinia, Fatemeh, Khadivi, Ali, Abbasifar, Ahmadreza, and Khaleghi, Alireza
- Subjects
KAOLIN ,SUNBURN ,HORTICULTURAL crops ,APPLES ,APPLE varieties ,TREATMENT effectiveness - Abstract
Sunburn may occur in some horticultural crops such as apples, and can cause a lot of damages to fruit of most cultivars, especially red apples, such as Red Delicious cultivar. In the present research, the effect of different treatments of kaolin (0.00, 2.50, 5.00, and 7.50%) was studied on the severity of sunburn on fruit of apple 'Red Delicious'. Foliar spraying of kaolin was carried out in two times including early-June and early-July. The results of early-June spraying showed that the amount of sunburn on the fruits was affected by the treatments so that there were no significant differences between treatments of 2.50, 5.00, and 7.50% kaolin, but those treatments showed significant differences with the control (0.00). In addition, the results of early-July showed that the amount of sunburn on the fruits was affected by the kaolin treatments so that the highest amount of sunburn was observed in the control fruits and lowest sunburn was in the fruits treated with 7.50% kaolin. The treatments of 5.00 and 7.50% kaolin in both spraying times had the highest effect on reduction of fruit sunburn. It can be concluded the treatment of 7.50% kaolin in early-June and early-July is the best to reduce the sunburn on fruit of apple 'Red Delicious'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Physiological, metabolic and molecular basis of biennial bearing in apple
- Author
-
Kofler, Julian and Kofler, Julian
- Abstract
Alternate or biennial bearing in apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) is characterized by On years with high crop load and inhibited floral bud initiation and Off years with little crop load and promoted formation of floral buds, respectively. Apple cultivars differ in their degree of biennial bearing behavior. The cropping irregularity has severe effects on quality and yield of apple harvests in commercial orchards and thereby directly poses an economic risk to apple growers. The aim of this study was to contribute to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of biennial bearing in apple by analyzing the physiological processes in bud meristems during the time of flower bud induction. A field experiment was conducted during the growing seasons 2015 and 2016 and provided bud meristems of various developmental stages for a variety of analyses. The regular bearing cultivar Royal Gala and the biennial bearing cultivar Fuji allowed the comparison of two different developmental responses to high and low crop load treatments. Buds from 2-year-old spurs were sampled starting approximately four weeks after full bloom. Histological analysis of bud meristems successfully identified the time point of flower bud initiation in both cultivars at the experimental site. The onset of flower bud initiation was affected by crop load, cultivar and heat accumulation. While heavy cropping delayed the onset in Royal Gala trees for 20 days compared to Royal Gala trees with no crop load, bud initiation in heavy cropping Fuji trees was negligible. Fuji trees with no crop load started initiating buds 19 days earlier than Royal Gala trees with the same cropping status. Proteomic profiling of the buds sampled during flower bud induction and during flower bud initiation revealed distinct differences in specific protein abundances depending on the cropping status. Buds from trees with a high crop load, where the flower bud initiation was inhibited and the buds primarily remained, Die Ertragsalternanz bei Apfel (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) ist gekennzeichnet durch "On"-Jahre mit hohem Ertrag und gehemmter Blütenknospenbildung und "Off"-Jahre mit geringem Ertrag und Bildung vieler Blütenknospen. Verschiedene Apfelsorten weisen eine unterschiedlich starke Ausprägung des Alternanzverhaltens auf. Die Unregelmäßigkeit des Ertrags hat bedeutende Auswirkungen auf die Qualität und Quantität der Apfelernte in kommerziellen Obstanlagen und stellt somit ein direktes wirtschaftliches Risiko für die Apfelanbauern dar. Ziel dieser Studie war es, durch die Analyse der physiologischen Prozesse in Knospenmeristemen zur Zeit der Blütenknospeninduktion einen Beitrag zum Verständnis der zugrundeliegenden Mechanismen der Alternanz bei Apfel zu leisten. Ein in den Vegetationsperioden 2015 und 2016 durchgeführter Feldversuch lieferte Knospenmeristeme in verschiedenen Entwicklungsstadien für eine Vielzahl von Analysen. Die gleichmäßig tragende Sorte Royal Gala und die stark alternierende Sorte Fuji ermöglichten den Vergleich von zwei unterschiedlichen Entwicklungsreaktionen auf hohe und niedrige Fruchtbehänge. Knospen von 2-jährigen Kurztrieben wurden ab etwa vier Wochen nach Vollblüte beprobt. Durch eine histologische Analyse der Knospenmeristeme konnte der Zeitpunkt der Knospeninitiation bei beiden Sorten am Versuchsstandort bestimmt werden. Der Beginn der Knospeninitiation wurde durch die Stärke des Fruchtbehangs, die Sorte und die gesammelte Wärmesumme beeinflusst. Während sich der Beginn der Knospeninitiation bei Royal Gala mit starkem Fruchtbehang im Vergleich zu Royal Gala mit niedrigem Fruchtbehang um 20 Tage verzögerte, war die Knospeninitiation bei Fuji mit hohem Fruchtbehang vernachlässigbar. Fuji"-Bäume ohne Fruchtbehang begannen 19 Tage früher mit der Knospeninitiation als die entsprechenden Royal Gala"-Bäume. Proteom-Profile der Knospen, die während der Knospeninduktion und der Knospeninitiation gesammelt wurden, wiesen deutliche Unterschiede more...
- Published
- 2023
27. The Effects of Foliar Iron Treatments (+Fe) on Fruit Quality of Different Pear Cultivars.
- Author
-
Ozturk, Burhan, Karakaya, Orhan, Erdem, Halil, Küçüker, Emine, Özkan, Yakup, and Yıldız, Kenan
- Subjects
FRUIT quality ,PEARS ,CULTIVARS ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,PHENOLS ,FRUIT ripening ,FRUIT trees - Abstract
In this research, the effects of pre-harvest 0.25% iron treatments on yield, some fruit quality parameters, biochemical properties and micronutrient content of 'Santa Maria', 'Deveci' and 'Akça' pear cultivars were investigated. Effects of iron treatments on yield were found to be significant. While fruit firmness decreased with iron treatments in 'Santa Maria' and 'Akça' pears, the value increased in 'Deveci' cultivar. Besides, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity also decreased with iron treatments. Effects of iron treatments on individual phenolics were not found to be significant. It was concluded that foliar iron treatments had positive effects in all cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. The Effect of Microelements on Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Vitis vinifera cv. Thompson Seedless.
- Author
-
Hosseinabad, Abolfazl and Khadivi, Ali
- Subjects
LIMING of soils ,FERTILIZER application ,VITIS vinifera ,GRAPES ,ECONOMIC efficiency ,BERRIES - Abstract
Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) are widely cultivated in Iran. One of the major problems involved in cultivating and exploiting this fruit crop is the deficiency of some nutrient elements including microelements. In general, due to the problems facing most of Iran's soils such as lime and high pH, and the inability of these soils to absorb microelements, especially iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn), foliar application of fertilizers has a significant effect on the quantitative and qualitative traits of grapevine. In addition, leaf spraying due to the high absorption of the elements by the vine can dramatically decrease fertilizer uses and increase the economic efficiency of the berries. It should not be forgotten that the foliar application of nutrient elements also solves the problems associated with the entry of elements into the groundwater and reduces significantly the environmental impact of soil application of fertilizers. Therefore, to solve this problem, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar application of micronutrients including Fe, Zn, and Mn on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of grapevine cv. Thompson Seedless. The experiment was conducted with four concentrations of Fe, Zn, and Mn combination (0.00, 2000, 3000, and 5000 mg/L) with three replications on vines at two times including before flowering (May) and after flowering (June). The results showed that the highest values for bunch length, number of berries, berry length, and total soluble solids were related to June application, and the highest values for bunch width, bunch weight, berry width, and berry weight were observed in May. Therefore, foliar application of microelements to save time and cost is recommended before flowering (in May). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Determining the Morphologic, Yield and Phytochemical Properties of 'Damaye' and 'Nq-7' Goji Berry Varieties Under Semi-Arid Climate Conditions.
- Author
-
Oğuz, Halil İbrahim, Erdoğan, Oktay, Karaşahin, Zafer, and Gökdoğan, Osman
- Subjects
GRAIN ,FRUCTOSE ,PLANT size ,CROWNS (Botany) - Abstract
This study has been conducted during the 2015–2016 period in Aksaray, with semi-arid climate conditions, with the purpose of defining the morphologic, yield and phytochemical parameters of 'Damaye' and 'NQ-7' Goji Berry varieties. The trial was conducted with 'Damaye' and 'NQ-7' varieties in randomized blocks experimental design, with three repetitions and 10 plants in each repetition, tubed saplings in every 3 m × 2 m intervals, during the years 2015 and 2016. Morphologic and yield parameters such as plant stem diameter, plant crown height, plant shoot size, plant size, yield per plant, yield per decare, yield efficiency, 100 grain weight and phytochemical parameters such as antioxidant ratio, total phenolic matter quantity, C vitamin quantity, glycose quantity, fructose quantity and sucrose quantity were examined. In the study, year × variety interaction was found to be statistically meaningful at a rate of 5% in plant stem diameter, plant crown width, plant crown height, plant size, yield per plant, yield per decare parameters; while year was found to be statistically meaningful at a rate of 5% in plant crown width, plant shoot size and yield efficiency parameters. And in terms of phytochemical properties, the difference between varieties were found to be statistically insignificant. In 2015, the average plant stem diameter (4.01 mm), plant crown height (71.12 cm), plant size (84.27 cm), yield per plant (0.22 kg/tree) and yield per decare (47.71 kg/decar) values of 'Damaye' variety were observed to be higher than the 'NQ-7'variety. In 2016, the average plant stem diameter (15.12 mm) and plant size (167.50 mm) values were higher in 'Damaye' variety, while the average yield per plant (2.12 kg/tree) and average yield per decare (468.29 kg/decar) values were higher in 'NQ-7'variety. As for plant corolla height, both 'NQ-7' (114.73 cm) and 'Damaye' (105.06 cm) varieties were ranked first and statistically placed within the same group. In conclusion, in 2015 'Damaye' variety displayed a better performance in terms of morphologic and yield parameters, while in 2016, 'NQ-7'variety displayed a better performance. But in both years, yield efficiency and yield per decare values were higher in 'NQ-7'variety when compared to the 'Damaye' variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Crop Load Management with Blossom Thinners in 'Redchief' Apple and Their Effects on Fruit Mineral Composition.
- Author
-
Kaçal, Emel, Öztürk, Gökhan, Gür, İbrahim, Aydınlı, Melih, Koçal, Hakkı, Altındal, Mesut, and Yıldırım, Adnan N.
- Subjects
CROP management ,FRUIT composition ,APPLES - Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ammonium thiosulphate (ATS) and potassium thiosulphate (KTS) on crop load, fruit quality and fruit mineral content of the eight-year-old 'Redchief'/M26 apple. Seven different treatments were performed in the study as ATS (1%, 2%, 3%), KTS (1%, 2%, 3%) and hand thinning (after June drop) except for unthinned control. Thinning treatments were carried out as single application in full bloom period. Hand thinning and 3% ATS treatments were the best practices to increase fruit quality (diameter, weight). The fruit set ratio among the applications varied between 13.20% (2% ATS) and 23.46% (1% ATS). Yield was lowest in 2% and 3% ATS. Thinning with ATS was found more effective compared to KTS. The lowest Fe, Cu and Zn elements were determined in 2% ATS application, and the difference between the applications in terms of other elements was found to be insignificant. Phytotoxic effect was not observed for any ATS or KTS doses. As a result, flower thinners can be used as an alternative to hand thinning to improve fruit quality in 'Redchief' variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Productivity of a Selection of Spindle-grown Plum Varieties During the Full-yield Stage.
- Author
-
Zíka, Lukáš, Sus, Josef, and Brožová, Lenka
- Subjects
ROOTSTOCKS ,PLUM varieties ,PLANT growth ,FRUIT yield ,AUTUMN - Abstract
In the conditions of the Czech Republic, a trial was conducted in 2012–2016 to evaluate the growth and yield of 16 spindle-grown plum varieties grafted on rootstocks St. Julien A, Wangenheim, Wavit and WaxWa. The trial was established in autumn 2005. As to the yield, 'Tophit' seems to be an interesting variety. This semi-prune reached high and regular fruit yields (44.1 kg/tree on average) on all rootstocks with the mean fruit weight of 60–70 g. The vigour of 'Valjevka' and 'Čačanska Rana' trees was significantly weakened by the Wangenheim rootstock compared to St. Julien A. At evaluating the mean fruit weight of 'Elena' and 'Tophit' varieties, a negative influence of the Wangenheim rootstock on this parameter was observed compared to St. Julien A. The mean fruit weight of the evaluated prunes and semi-prunes varieties ranged from 24.8 g at 'Top 2000' (Wavit) to 76.14 g at 'Čačanska Rana' (St. Julien A). A positive correlation was proved between trunk increment and fruit yield in the following year at all studied combinations of varieties and rootstocks; the strongest dependence was observed in plum trees on the Wavit rootstock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Microsegregation in Maize Cropping—a Chance to Improve Farmland Biodiversity.
- Author
-
von Redwitz, Christoph, Glemnitz, Michael, Hoffmann, Jörg, Brose, Ruth, Verch, Gernot, Barkusky, Dietmar, Saure, Christoph, Berger, Gert, and Bellingrath-Kimura, Sonoko
- Subjects
CORN ,AGRICULTURAL landscape management ,BIODIVERSITY ,WILD flowers ,POLLINATORS - Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Simulation-based long-term fault detection of solar thermal systems
- Author
-
Keizer, Corry De
- Subjects
Sensitivitätsanalyse ,Energieerzeugung ,Fehlererkennung ,Ertrag ,Messwert ,Unsicherheit ,Thermische Solaranlage ,Simulation - Abstract
Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2012
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Salicylic Acid Attenuates the Adverse Effects of Salinity on Growth and Yield and Enhances Peroxidase Isozymes Expression more Competently than Proline and Glycine Betaine in Cucumber Plants.
- Author
-
Youssef, Sabry M., Abd Elhady, Salama A., Aref, Rasha M., and Riad, Gamal S.
- Subjects
CUCUMBERS ,SALICYLIC acid ,PEROXIDASE kinetics ,ISOENZYMES ,PLANT proteins - Abstract
Foliar applications of osmoprotectants could be a valuable tool to counteract the deleterious effects of salinity and protect plant cells from oxidative damage. Some of the known osmoprotectants used in this field are salicylic acid, proline, and/or glycine betaine but there is no available empirical research exists to figure out which of these chemicals is the most effective in reducing the adverse effects of salt stress. To compare the ameliorating effects of foliar application of these osmoprotectants on growth, some physiological and biochemical parameters, and productivity of cucumber plants under NaCl stress (0, 50, or 100 mM), a factorial experiment was carried out during 2015 and 2016 seasons at the Experimental Farm of Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Qalubia Governorate, Egypt. Increasing NaCl levels reduced plant growth parameters, leaf relative water content, leaf membrane stability, chlorophyll contents, some macro-nutrients content and yield and the lowest values were recorded with the use of 100 mM of sodium chloride treatment. Foliar application of salicylic acid at 1 mM, proline at 10 mM, or glycine betaine at 10 mM to cucumber plants ameliorated the harmful effects of NaCl stress on the vegetative growth and yield through enhancing both leaf relative water content and leaf membrane stability. In addition, these treatments improved both chlorophyll contents, and nutrient content, altogether resulted in a significant reduction in sodium (Na
+ ) and chloride (Cl− ) accumulation toxicity. Moreover, the expression of cucumber peroxidase isozymes was analyzed in cucumber leaves 1, 3 and 7 days after the second application. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis indicated that exogenous applications led to the differential regulation of peroxidase enzyme. In conclusion, salicylic acid was the most effective in attenuating the negative effects of the salt stress and in up-regulating peroxidase enzyme expression followed by proline and by glycine betaine. Peroxidase enzyme appeared to function as one of the main molecular mechanisms underlying the resistance response of cucumber to salinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. A Study on the Effect of Nitrogen Spray at Different Times on Color and Yield Parameters of Grape <italic>cv. Pykany</italic>.
- Author
-
Razmi, Mina, Abedy, Bahram, and Tehranifar, Ali
- Subjects
NITROGEN fertilizers ,GRAPE yields ,UREA as fertilizer ,GRAPES ,GRAPE growing - Abstract
In order to study the effect of nitrogen spray at different times on color and yield parameters of grape
cv. Pykany , an experiment was carried out in factorial based on randomized complete block design with four replications in Khalil Abad County in 2015. The treatments included three concentrations of nitrogen (0, 5 and 10 ppm) and three spray times (Late April, before bloom stage, and after pollination and fruit set stage). Color parameters such as brightness rate (L), redness (a) and yellowness (b), chroma, hue angle and browning index were evaluated in this experiment. The results of variance analysis and means comparison showed that the effect of treatment containing spray at concentration of 10 ppm on yield was significant at 1%. There were not significant differences among treatments of urea concentrations and spray times on L and b but different concentrations of urea had significant effect on a* at the level of 1%, so that the highest amount of significant difference was due to the treatment of urea spray at the concentration of 10 ppm and the lowest amount was due to the control treatment. Furthermore, the interaction effect of concentration and different times of nitrogen application on color intensity index was significant at the level of 5%. Based on the results, the effect of different concentrations of urea spray on hue angle was significant at 1% so that the highest level of significant difference was due to the concentration of 10 ppm and the lowest was related to control treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. The Effect of Growth Regulators and a Biostimulator on the Health Status, Yield and Yield Components of Potatoes (<italic>Solanum tuberosum</italic> L.).
- Author
-
Głosek-Sobieraj, Małgorzata, Cwalina-Ambroziak, Bożena, and Hamouz, Karel
- Subjects
GROWTH regulators ,POTATOES ,LATE blight of potato ,CROP yields ,BLIGHT diseases (Botany) - Abstract
In this study, the influence of potato cultivars Irga, Satina, Valfi, Blaue St. Galler and Highland Burgundy Red (HB Red), growth regulators: Bio-Algeen S‑90, Kelpak SL and Trifender WP, and the biostimulator Asahi SL on the health status of potato plants and tuber yield was investigated. The severity of late blight and early blight was estimated during the growing season. After harvest, potato tuber yield was determined according to size fractions. The applied treatments significantly reduced the severity of late blight in cv. Irga (Kelpak SL), Valfi (Bio-Algeen S-90, Kelpak SL, Trifender WP) and Blaue St. Galler (Trifender WP) in 2013. In 2015, the symptoms of early blight were significantly reduced in cv. Irga after the application of all tested bioregulators. HB Red was characterized by the best health status among the evaluated cultivars. Kelpak SL and Bio-Algeen S-90 increased the tuber yield of cvs. Irga and HB Red, respectively, in 2013, and Trifender WP increased the tuber yield of cv. Satina in 2014. In the first year of the study, the applied growth regulators and biostimulator significantly increased the percentage of medium-sized tubers of cv. Blaue St. Galler, and Bio-Algeen S-90 increased the percentage of medium-sized tubers of cv. HB Red. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Die Entwicklung des Ertragsniveaus im „Ewigen Roggenbau' in Halle/S. seit 1879
- Author
-
Friedhelm Herbst, Lothar Schmidt, and Wolfgang Merbach
- Subjects
Dauerfeldversuch ,Monokultur ,Fruchtwechsel ,Ertrag ,Winterroggen ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Es werden die Ertragsentwicklung im „Ewigen Roggenbau“ an Winterroggen von 1879 bis 2010 sowie an Mais und Kartoffeln von 1962 bis 2010 bei vier Düngungsvarianten anhand von Dekadenmitteln betrachtet und mögliche Ursachen für Niveauänderungen genannt. Die Winterroggenerträge nahmen bis 1920 ab, blieben danach bis in die 1960er Jahre etwa konstant und stiegen dann bis zur Gegenwart bei allen Varianten an. Bei der ungedüngten Variante betrug das Dekadenmittel des Kornertrages nach Versuchsbeginn 22,7 dt/ha, fiel bis in die 1920er Jahre auf 10,7 dt/ha ab und nahm ab Ende der 1960er Jahre bis zur letzten Dekade wieder auf 22,2 dt/ha zu. Die Ursachen für den Ertragsabfall in den ersten 40 Jahren nach Versuchsbeginn lagen hauptsächlich in den negativen Wirkungen der Monokultur und der Verwendung von Saatgut von der Versuchsfläche. Für den Ertragsanstieg kommen vor allem der Einsatz neuer, ertragsreicherer Sorten, die regelmäßige Anwendung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln und vielleicht auch die erhöhte atmosphärische CO2-Konzentration in Betracht. more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Ein stochastisches Modell zur Ertragsoptimierung bei Versicherungen
- Author
-
Garschhammer, Claudia, Zagst, Rudi, and Spremann, Klaus, editor
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Effect of Phosphorus Sources and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Productivity of Snap Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.).
- Author
-
Youssef, Sabry, Riad, Gamal, and Abd Elhady, Salama
- Subjects
KIDNEY bean analysis ,KIDNEY bean composition ,MYCORRHIZAL plants ,PHOSPHATES analysis ,PROTEIN analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Die Entwicklung des Ertragsniveaus im „Ewigen Roggenbau“ in Halle/S. seit 1879.
- Author
-
Herbst, Friedhelm, Schmidt, Lothar, and Merbach, Wolfgang
- Abstract
In Eternal Rye Trial of Halle/Germany the development of yields is considered for winter rye 1879-2010 and as well as corn and potatoes 1962-2010 to four fertilizer treatments based on decade averages and possible causes for changes in level are mentioned. The yields of winter rye decreased up to 1920, thereafter they remained until the 1960 years more or less constant, and then went up to the present on all variants. In the unfertilized variant, the decade average grain yield was after the start of 22.7 dt/ha, decreased to the 1920 s up to 10.7 dt/ha from and increased from the late 1960 s until the last decade again to 22.2 dt/ha. The causes of the yield drop in the first 40 years after the start of Eternal Rye were mainly in the negative effects of monoculture and the use of seed of the trial area. The yield increase since 1920 were caused mainly by cultivation of new, higher-yielding varieties, regular use of plant protection products and perhaps also by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Effects of Sewage Sludge Amendment on Some Soil Properties, Growth, Yield and Nutrient Content of Raspberry ( Rubus idaeus L.).
- Author
-
Angin, Ilker, Aslantas, Rafet, Gunes, Adem, Kose, Murat, and Ozkan, Gursel
- Subjects
RASPBERRIES ,PLANT nutrients ,PLANT-soil relationships ,SEWAGE sludge ,SEWAGE sludge & the environment - Abstract
This study was focused not only at the assessment of effects of different sewage sludge application rates on vegetative parameters and yield of raspberry ( Rubus ideaus L.) but also heavy metal accumulation in the soil and raspberry leaves. A three-year field study was set up in a completely randomized block design with five sewage sludge application rates (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 kg of dry matter per plant) and three replications. One-year-old, virus free 'Heritage' saplings were used for the experiment. The results of this study clearly indicated that the sewage sludge application is an effective mean for improvement of vegetative growth, yield, soil and plant chemical properties of raspberry in light textured soils. In addition to macro-element contents, sewage sludge application also caused significant changes in micro-element content of soils. No adverse effects of these increases were observed on plants throughout the experimental period. The most effective application rate was found as 7.5 kg per plant for this ecological condition. It can be concluded that when properly treated and applied to farmland sewage sludge is not only disposed economically but also improved vegetative growth and yield of raspberry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Ertragspotenzial der Durchwachsenen Silphie unter bayerischen Anbaubedingungen
- Author
-
Anja Hartmann and Tatjana Lunenberg
- Subjects
Durchwachsene Silphie ,Ertrag ,Anbaubedingungen ,Trockenmasse ,Trockentoleranz ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Die Durchwachsene Silphie (Silphium perfoliatum L.) ist eine interessante Energiepflanze, die als Substrat in Biogasanlagen genutzt werden kann. Vorliegende Untersuchungen zum Anbau dieser mehrjährigen Kultur sollten Erkenntnisse zur Ertragsstabilität und möglichen Nutzungsdauer der Durchwachsenen Silphie unter bayerischen Bedingungen bereitstellen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Durchwachsene Silphie unter guten Anbaubedingungen, wie z.B. im „Straubinger Gäu“, mehrjährig hohe Erträge von 160 bis 220 dt Trockenmasse/ha liefern kann. Die Ertragsleistung des Silomaises lag jedoch in drei von vier Jahren noch höher. Ein Einfluss der verschiedenen Herkünfte des Pflanzenmaterials auf den Ertrag war nicht erkennbar. Ein Standortvergleich ergab, dass die Durchwachsene Silphie in allen bayerischen Gebieten in denen Ackerbau betrieben wird, angebaut werden kann. Hohe Erträge sind allerdings nur auf nährstoffreichen Böden und mit guter Wasserversorgung möglich. more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Auswirkungen von Extremwetterereignissen auf Schaderreger, ihre Schadwirkung und Pflanzenschutzmaßnahmen – erste Hinweise
- Author
-
Petra Seidel
- Subjects
Extremwetterereignisse ,Schaderreger ,Ertrag ,Pflanzenschutz ,Weizen ,Gerste ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Der Klimawandel wird voraussichtlich zu einer Zunahme des Auftretens einiger Extremwetterereignisse führen und auch deren Intensität wird verändert sein. Die weltweit seit 1910 erschienene Literatur wurde in diesem Review ausgewertet, um Auswirkungen von Extremwetterereignissen auf Schaderreger in Weizen, Mais, Gerste, Zuckerrüben, Kartoffeln, Raps, Ackerfutter und Grünland, den durch diese verursachten Schaden und den Pflanzenschutz zu ermitteln, zu verallgemeinern und daraus Schlussfolgerungen für Forschungs- und Anpassungsmaßnahmen abzuleiten. Nur 111 Arbeiten konnten vertiefend ausgewertet werden. Es finden sich erste Hinweise, dass Extremwetterereignisse infolge des Klimawandels in Deutschland wichtig werdende Schaderreger im Ackerbau, den durch diese Schaderreger verursachten Schaden sowie Pflanzenschutzmaßnahmen beeinflussen können. Die Wirkung auf Schaderreger, Ertrag und physiologisches Leistungsvermögen sowie Stresstoleranz der Kulturpflanzen kann direkt oder indirekt, hemmend oder fördernd sein. Verallgemeinerungen sind beim gegenwärtigen Kenntnisstand noch nicht möglich. Die Forschungsarbeiten zu diesem Themenfeld müssen systematisiert und intensiviert werden. Die Dringlichkeit der Bearbeitung dieses Forschungsfeldes und die Notwendigkeit eines systemaren, interdisziplinären und abgestimmten Forschungsansatzes mit experimentellen und modellgestützten Methoden über verschiedene Versuchsebenen hinweg werden diskutiert. DOI: 10.5073/JfK.2016.09.02, https://doi.org/10.5073/JfK.2016.09.02 more...
- Published
- 2016
44. Weed competition and biomass production of maize and sorghum under different herbicide intensity level
- Author
-
Söchting, Hans-Peter and Zwerger, Peter
- Subjects
Biodiversität ,Energiepflanzen ,Ertrag ,Unkrautdeckungsgrad ,biodiversity ,energy crops ,weed coverage ,yield ,Agriculture ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The production of biogas still gains importance with maize being the most important crop for bioenergy production. However, the increasing area planted with maize has been considered as not being only beneficial. The question therefore arises whether the growing cultivation of maize can be conducted in a more environmentally sustainable way and to which degree a certain level of weed infestation can be tolerated in fields used for biomass production. As weeds may also contribute to the amount of biomass produced on a field and increase the in-field biodiversity, a certain weed infestation in maize for biogas production might be tolerable. Under these aspects, a field trial was conducted on the experimental fields of the JKI near Braunschweig between 2008 and 2010. Three maize cultivars and two sorghum cultivars (Sorghum bicolor and Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense) were sown at normal seeding densities with four replicates. At growth stage BBCH 13-14 of the sorghum-plants, the herbicide Gardo Gold (terbuthylazin 187,5 g/l + S-metolachlor 312,5 g/l) was applied at the registered dose (4 l/ha) or half-dose (2 l/ha). An untreated plot without any herbicide application was included. The aim of the experiment was to investigate differences in the development of the weed infestation level and the biomass yields of the crops. Assessments of the weed species and weed coverage were carried out at several times during the growing season. At the end of the experiment, the dry matter/m2 of the crops and weeds were determined. The results of the three years showed a higher biomass yield for the maize cultivars compared with the sorghum cultivars (not always significant). Regarding the effect of the herbicide application on the biomass yields, a clear difference between the variants was observed only in 2008 and 2009 with the highest yield under the registered application rate of 4 l/ha Gardo Gold (one exception). In 2009 and 2010, the results were more complex and the maximum biomass yield was not necessarily reached in the variants with the highest herbicide rate. more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Early season weed control in maize, new insights for a known phenomenon
- Author
-
Rueegg, Willy and Michel, Albrecht
- Subjects
Ertrag ,Ertragsparameter ,Herbizid ,Zea mays L. ,herbicide ,yield ,yield parameter ,Agriculture ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The studies demonstrate the effect of early weed control on maize yields compared to late weed control with corresponding herbicide control strategies. Maize yield with a late weed control strategy was 10 % lower compared to a strategy controlling weeds early based on ten field trials. Interestingly the thousand-grainweight (TGW) seems not to be affected significantly but the number of grains per cob were identified as major responsible factor for yield decrease. To explain these field effects, glasshouse test were undertaken to simulate the competitive weed effects. Specific methods allowed to grow maize plants to the yield stage even in the glasshouse under representative conditions. The field observations were confirmed clearly. The early yield parameters like number of grains per cob were mainly affected by the timing of weed control treatments (early vs. late), while the parameter grain rows per cob was more sensible than the number of grains per row. The TGW remained basically consistent. As a follow-up experiment, maize plants were grown under glasshouse conditions and as well grown to the yield stage. This time, subsamples were taken and the cob formation at very early stages was investigated destructively to follow the development of the cob formation. Ovules and rows were counted on 'mini cobs' (cobs with a size of 4 mm were harvested) under the binocular. Clearly, weed competition had an impact on the induction of the number of ovules early on and at the end impacted on the yield in ripe cobs. more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Impact of cattle manure containing aminopyralid on crop growth
- Author
-
Nordmeyer, Henning
- Subjects
Ackerkulturen ,Boden ,Ertrag ,Gemüsekulturen ,Herbizid ,Nachbau ,Pflanzenschädigung ,Wirkstoff Aminopyralid ,active ingredient aminopyralid ,crop injury ,field crops ,herbicide ,soil ,succeeding crops ,vegetable crops ,yield ,Agriculture ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Herbicide residues in soils can affect the cultivation of crops. The effect of cattle manure containing the active substance aminopyralid was investigated on field and vegetable crops: Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), sugar beets (Beta vulgaris), maize (Zea mays), wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), spring oilseed rape (Brassica napus), spring barley (Hordeum vulgare), tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), peas (Pisum sativum), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), leek (Allium ampeloprasum), carrots (Daucus carota) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea). Microplot trials were carried out with treatments of 7.5; 15 und 30 tons cattle manure per hectare. All vegetable crops reacted more or less sensitive to the herbicide residues. The most sensitive crops were peas and tomatoes. Even residue levels of less than two micrograms aminopyralid per kilogram of soil caused plant damage. Also field crops such as potatoes, sugar beets and sunflower react very sensitive to aminopyralid. In contrast, the active ingredient is well tolerated by monocotyledonous plants. In spring barley and maize, no plant damage was observed. more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Versuchsfeld Dahnsdorf – 15 Jahre agrarmeteorologische Messungen Teil 4: Extreme Witterungsereignisse
- Author
-
Udo Wittchen, Jürgen Schwarz, and Bernhard Pallutt
- Subjects
Ertrag ,Extreme Witterungsereignisse ,Lufttemperatur ,Niederschlag ,Normalwerte ,Versuchsfeld ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Basierend auf 15-jährigen meteorologischen Beobachtungen auf dem Versuchsfeld in Dahnsdorf wurden extreme Witterungsereignisse analysiert und ihre Wirkung auf die Erträge verschiedener landwirtschaftlicher Kulturen (Winterweizen, Winterroggen, Wintergerste, Winterraps, Kartoffeln) untersucht. Die Definition der extremen Witterungsereignisse erfolgte auf der Basis von in der Meteorologie gebräuchlichen Schwellwerten (Zahl der Tage) und Zeitfolgen, in denen – über mehrere Tage andauernd – für das betrachtete Gebiet ungewöhnliche Witterungsbedingungen herrschten. Analysiert wurden zwei Hitzeperioden (15.07. bis 14.08.2003 und 15.07. bis 01.08.2006), zwei Kälteperioden (01.01. bis 31.01.2010 und 28.01. bis 14.02.2012), Perioden mit anhaltender Trockenheit (04.04. bis 06.05.2007 und 05.10. bis 25.10.2007) sowie Tage mit Starkregen. Die beiden Hitzeperioden währten 31 bzw. 18 Tage. Die Mittelwerte der Lufttemperatur betrugen 22,7°C bzw. 23,4°C; die maximalen Tagesmittel lagen bei 27,9°C bzw. 27,0°C, die Tages-Maxima bei 34,7°C bzw. 36,6°C; das waren bis zu 10,0 K mehr gegenüber dem langjährigen Mittelwert. An 15 von 31 bzw. 12 von 18 Tagen passierte das Quecksilber des Thermometers die 30°C-Marke (heiße Tage). In den Kälteperioden sanken die Tages-Minima der Lufttemperatur auf –18,7°C bzw. –23,6°C, die Tagesmittel auf –13,1°C bzw. –19,5°C. Die Perioden dauerten 31 bzw. 18 Tage und verzeichneten Durchschnittstemperaturen von –5,2°C bzw. –10,0°C. Die extremste Abweichung zum langjährigen Mittelwert betrug –18,2 K. An 29 von 31 bzw. 18 von 18 Tagen verharrte das Quecksilber des Thermometers ganztägig unterhalb der 0°C-Marke (Eistage). Im betrachteten Zeitraum von 1998 bis 2012 wurden auf dem Versuchsfeld in Dahnsdorf drei, mehr als 20 Tage andauernde niederschlagsfreie und vier weitere Perioden mit sehr geringem Niederschlag registriert. Die längste niederschlagsfreie Periode dauerte 33 Tage (04.04. bis 06.05.2007). Starkniederschläge mit Tagessummen ≥ 50,0 mm wurden an vier Tagen registriert. Im Normalwertzeitraum (1961/90) war es an der Vergleichs-Messstelle in Treuenbrietzen in 30 Jahren lediglich ein Tag. Der Einfluss extremer Witterungsereignisse wurde anhand definierter Merkmale, die sich aus Auszählungen (z.B. Anzahl der heißen Tage) bzw. Zeitfolgen (z.B. aufeinander folgende Tage ≤ 0,2 mm Niederschlag, Kälteperioden) ergaben und zu vier Merkmalsgruppen (eisige Winter, heiße Sommer, geringe Niederschläge während der (Haupt-)Vegetationszeit, starke Niederschläge während der Erntezeit) zusammengefasst wurden, analysiert. Die Analyse basierte auf dem Vergleich der Erträge verschiedener Kulturen. Verglichen wurden die Erträge des Jahres mit dem extremen Witterungsereignis und der Mittelwert der Erträge der restlichen Jahre. Extreme Witterungsereignisse der Merkmalsgruppe „heiße Sommer“ führten im Jahr 2003 zu Ertragseinbußen in allen Kulturen (Winterweizen: 41%; Winterroggen: 27%; Wintergerste: 40%; Winterraps: 45%; Kartoffeln: 58%). Deutlich dezentere Verluste traten dagegen – bei ähnlichem Witterungsverlauf, aber höheren Niederschlägen in der Vegetationszeit – im Jahr 2006 auf. Ertragsverluste konnten auch für das Merkmal „aufeinander folgende Tage mit ≤ 0,2 mm Niederschlag“ für das Jahr 2007 (33 aufeinander folgende Tage ohne Niederschlag) nachgewiesen werden. Keinen bzw. einen nur geringen Einfluss scheint die Merkmalsgruppe „eisige Winter“ zu besitzen, sofern diese nur allein auftritt. Obwohl in beiden Jahren (2010 und 2012) zum Zeitpunkt des Auftretens dieser Merkmalsgruppe eine Schneedecke existierte, ist eine hohe Variabilität hinsichtlich der Erträge erkennbar: Während im Jahr 2010 nach einem eisigen Winter teilweise noch Ertragsverluste zu verzeichnen waren, lagen die Erträge des Jahres 2012 bei ähnlichem Witterungsverlauf über den mittleren Erträgen der restlichen Jahre. Daher scheinen weitere, nachfolgende Witterungsereignisse im weiteren Jahresverlauf ertragswirksam geworden zu sein. DOI: 10.5073/JfK.2015.05.04, https://doi.org/10.5073/JfK.2015.05.04 more...
- Published
- 2015
48. Ertragspotenzial der Durchwachsenen Silphie unter bayerischen Anbaubedingungen.
- Author
-
Hartmann, Anja and Lunenberg, Tatjana
- Abstract
Cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is an interesting energy crop that can be used as substrate in biogas plants. The present study on the cultivation of this crop shall provide knowledge on yield stability and shall demonstrate how many years cup plant can be grown under Bavarian conditions. The results show that under favorable conditions, as for example in the "Straubinger Gäu" region, cup plant can produce high yields of 160 to 220 dt dry matter/ha for several years. However, the total biomass yield of maize was higher in three of four years. The place of origin of cup plant (cultivar) had no effect on yield. Comparing the yield of different experimental sites in Bavaria proved that cup plant can be grown in any Bavarian region where crop cultivation is possible. Nevertheless, high yields will be harvested only on nutrient rich soils with sufficient water supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Auswirkungen von Extremwetterereignissen auf Schaderreger, ihre Schadwirkung und Pflanzenschutzmaβnahmen - erste Hinweise.
- Author
-
Seidel, Petra
- Abstract
It is likely that climate change will cause an increase in amounts and intensity of extreme weather events. In this review 111 articles of since 1910 globally published literature concerning the effects of extreme weather events on pests affecting wheat, maize, barley, sugar beet, potato, rape, forage crops and grassland were evaluated to gain information about the damage caused, which was that generalized and conclusions for research and adaption measures were drawn. This leads to first evidence that extreme weather effects resulting from climate change indeed have an effect on important plant pests, the damage they cause and plant protection measures in German agriculture. Their influence on said pests, yield, physiological potential as well as stress tolerance of crop plants can be direct or indirect, restricting or supporting, yet no generalizations can be made just based on this first evidence; more intense research in these areas is required. In this article urgency and necessity of research and evaluation of these areas, including systematic interdisciplinary research approaches featuring experimental and model-based methods on multiple experiment levels are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Effect of Bio-stimulants on Yield and Quality of Head Lettuce Grown Under Two Sources of Nitrogen.
- Author
-
Shehata, Sami, Schmidhalter, U., Valšíková, Magdaléna, and Junge, H.
- Subjects
STIMULANTS ,LETTUCE yields ,CROP quality ,NITROGEN in agriculture ,EXPERIMENTAL agriculture - Abstract
Copyright of Gesunde Pflanzen is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.