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Современный волейбол — это совместная коллективная деятельность игроков, эффективность которой зависит от широкого круга факторов и условий. Одним из определяющих факторов результативности игровых действий спортсменов в волейболе является групповая сплоченность команды [1]. Анализ научно-методической литературы позволил установить, что сплоченность команды как малой группы является сложным социально-психологическим фактором, объективно выражающимся в сыгранности и сработанности команды в условиях соревнований и тренировочной деятельности, а субъективно — в общности, единстве ценностей и целей, близости отношений, аттракции, то есть взаимной привлекательности членов команды в процессе взаимодействия, что особенно важно в женском коллективе [2]. По своему содержанию и структуре данная статья является эмпирической. Исследование выполнено в рамках инициативной НИОКР по теме «Индивидуализация тренировочного процесса волейболистов Кольского Севера в различные периоды подготовки». В данном исследовании женская команда МАГУ по волейболу выступает как коллектив субъектов или полисубъект деятельности. В статье представлены результаты исследования межличностных взаимоотношений (эмоциональных связей, показателей психологического климата) внутри волейбольной студенческой команды МАГУ как малой группы посредством социометрии по методу Дж. Морено и командной сплоченности по методике К. Э. Сишора. Показано, что реализация в процессе учебно-тренировочных и внеаудиторных мероприятий авторской развивающей программы «Женская волейбольная команда как полисубъект деятельности» способствует формированию групповой сплоченности студенток-волейболисток 18–20 лет МАГУ г. Мурманска. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы в учебно-тренировочном процессе женских студенческих команд Кольского Заполярья по волейболу., Modern volleyball is a joint collective activity of players, the effectiveness of which depends on a wide range of factors and conditions. In volleyball, one of the determining factors in the effectiveness of the game actions of athletes is the group cohesion of the team [1]. Analysis of scientific and methodological literature made it possible to establish that team cohesion as a small group is a complex socio-psychological factor, objectively expressed in teamwork in the conditions of competition and training activities, subjectively expressed in the commonality, unity of values and goals, close relations between team members, attraction, that is, the mutual attractiveness of team members in the process of interaction, which is especially important in the female team [2]. In its content and structure, this article is empirical. The study was carried out within the framework of the initiative scientific research and experimental design (SR&ED) on the topic “Individualization of the training process of volleyball players of the Kola North in various periods of preparation”. In thisstudy, the female MASU volleyball team acts as a collective of subjects or a polysubject of activity. The article presents the results of the study of interpersonal relationships (emotional connections, indicators of the psychological climate) within the MASU student volleyball team as a small group through sociometry according to the method of J. Moreno and team cohesion according to K. E. Sishor’s methodology. It is shown that the implementation of the authors’ developmental program “Women’s volleyball team as a polysubject of activity” in the process of training and extracurricular activities contributes to the formation of group cohesion of female student volleyball players aged 18—20 at MASU, Murmansk. The results of the study can be used in the training process of female student volleyball teams of the Kola Arctic., Бизнес. Образование. Право, Выпуск 1 (62) 2023, Pages 1-5

La indisolubilidad del binomio turismo y cultura hace que la comunicación turística se nos presente como una fuente inextinguible de elementos culturales y Sicilia, ámbito cultural que va a ocupar este espacio, representa un destino turístico muy apreciado por los viajeros españoles los cuales, antes de visitar la Isla, buscan información sobre ella en los foros turísticos. El usuario del foro, a su vez, satisface esa exigencia informativa porque ya ha visitado el lugar, realizando una función de mediador cultural desvelando la idiosincrasia de la Isla italiana y los lugares de mayor interés. Como vamos a presentar en este estudio, la función que desempeña este usuario del foro se acerca de forma insospechada a la mediación cultural que realizan los profesionales del sector turístico, pues utilizan medios y estrategias análogas. Esas estrategias se ponen de manifiesto sobre todo en la faceta motivadora mediante la creación de vínculos emocionales. En concreto, vamos a analizar la limitación de tecnicismos, la creación de puentes culturales mediante reformulaciones, la utilización de términos culturales, la presencia de estereotipos y la generación de significados personales de respeto y de custodia, elementos que inciden precisamente en esa faceta emocional de este ejemplo tan curioso de comunicación turística mediada informal The indissolubility of the tourism and culture binomial makes tourist communication appear to us as an inexhaustible source of cultural elements and Sicily, a cultural area that will occupy this space, represents a tourist destination highly appreciated by Spanish travelers who, before visiting the Island, seek information about it in tourist forums. The user of the forum, in turn, satisfies that informative requirement because he has already visited the place, performing a function of cultural mediator revealing the idiosyncrasy of the Italian Island and the places of greatest interest. As we are going to present in this study, the role played by this user of the forum is unsuspectedly related to the cultural mediation carried out by tourism professionals, who use similar media and strategies. These strategies are revealed especially in the motivating facet through the creation of emotional bonds. Specifically, we will analyze the limitation of technicalities, the creation of cultural bridges through reformulations, the use of cultural terms, the presence of stereotypes and the generation of personal meanings of respect and custody, elements that affect precisely that emotional facet of this curious example of informal mediated tourism communication

Josip Mlakić suvremeni je bosanskohercegovački pisac koji u svom proznom opusu ima žanrovski i tematski vrlo različite romane. Polazište je ovog rada u pretpostavci da njegovi romani, premda pripadaju različitim žanrovima, dijele intertekstualne poveznice s Biblijom, pa se tako biblizmi mogu pronaći u naslovu kriminalističkoga romana, kao i imenima likova preuzetih uz analogiju s njihovim biblijskim značenjima (Božji gnjev), u staroj ali recikliranoj novozavjetnoj priči koja dobiva apokrifne konotacije (Evanđelje po Barabi), u priči o majci i kćeri koje bježe iz ratne Bosne uz eksplicitne aluzije na Bijeg u Egipat (Svježe obojeno), ali i o odnosu oca i sina koji je u distopijskoj budućnosti predstavljen kroz prizmu žrtve oca za sina, tj. Oca koji postaje Raspeti ili Spasitelj (Planet Friedman). U ovome se radu biblijski podtekst navedenih romana interpretira kroz emotivni kontekst veza koje pronalazimo u Bibliji, a koji se u Mlakićeve romane uključuju posredstvom straha, kao ključnog motiva i temeljne emocije u ovim romanima. Josip Mlakić is a contemporary Bosnian writer who has very different novels in terms of genre and theme in his prose opus. The starting point of this paper is the assumption that his novels, although they belong to different genres, all share intertextual links with the Bible, so biblicals can be found in the title of a crime novel, as well as the names of characters taken by analogy with their biblical meanings (Božji gnjev), an old but recycled New Testament story that acquires apocryphal connotations (Evanđelje po Barabi), a story about a mother and daughter fleeing war-torn Bosnia with explicit allusions to the Escape to Egypt (Svježe obojeno), but also about the father-son relationship presented in the dystopian future through the prism of the sacrifice of the father for the son, i.e. the Father who becomes the Crucified or Savior (Planet Friedman). In this paper, the biblical subtext of these novels is interpreted through the emotional context of the connections we find in the Bible, which are included in Mlakić's novels through fear, as a key motive and fundamental emotion in these novels.

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