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This paper presents cointegration analyses of the import and export functions of the Czech Republic in 1993-1998 by identifying the main variable factors and estimating the long-run equilibrium relationship of Czech foreign trade functions. A long-run equilibrium relationship was found in the Czech import function. On the other hand, this relationship was weak in the Czech export function (coefficient of determination was only about 60%). This paper also corroborates evidence of the long-run impact of the money market imbalance to the real economy. Therefore, the author concludes, the Keynesian theory of the adjustment process applied to the balance of payments in the long-run should be complemented by the monetary approach.In the appendix to the paper, the author estimates a relationship between Czech export and import to calculate Czech export's import intensity.

This paper presents regression analyses of import and export functions in the Czech Republic from 1993 to 1998. The first part of the article summarizes the standard Keynesian income approach to the balance of payments. This traditional theory is considered alongside the theory of the monetary approach. The author creates his own regression import and export function models, in which he uses, besides traditional variables (GDP, exchange rate, domestic and foreign inflation, import and export prices), such variables as real money supply, foreign direct investment, unemployment data and number of working days. The results imply that domestic demand growth, represented by the combined effects of GDP and money supply growth, is the most important factor in explaining import dynamics.