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[Objective] A method for simultaneous determination of ẞ-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol and brassicasterol in edible oil was established by gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS). [Method] Sample was saponified by potassium hydroxide-ethanol solution, n-hexane extraction, concentration, derivatization, and then diluted with n-hexane.GC-MS was used to select ion scanning mode (SIM) and external standard method was used for quantification. [Result] There were good linear relationships for ẞ-sitosterol, stigmasterol, brassicasterol in 5-500 µg/mL, and campesterol in 2.5-250.0 µg/mL, respectively. Linear correlation coefficients (R²) were greater than 0.999. Limits of detection were 0.05- 0.10 mg/kg and limits of quantification were 0.1-0.3 mg/kg, respectively. Adding standard recovery rate was 80.5%-107.8%, relative standard deviation (RSD) was 2.3%-9.8%. [Conclusion] This method is easy to operate, efficient, highly sensitive, and has good repeatability, which is suitable for the determination of ẞ-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol and brassicasterol contents in edible vegetable oil samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

为了快速检测食用植物油中的16种多环芳烃（PAHs)，以氨基化多壁碳纳米管（NH2-MWCNTs）作为样品前处理的吸附剂，采用分散固相萃取（d-SPE）/气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）同时测定食用植物油中的16种PAHs。通过单因素实验对样品前处理条件（吸附剂用量、吸附时间、洗脱剂类型及用量、洗脱时间）进行了优化，对所建立的方法进行了方法学考察，并与已有检测方法进行了对比分析，同时采用所建立的方法对实际样品进行了测定。结果表明：样品前处理最优条件为吸附剂用量15 mg(样品食用植物油质量1.0 g)、吸附时间1 min、洗脱剂甲苯、洗脱剂用量500 μL、洗脱时间5 min；16种PAHs在1～200 μg/kg范围内线性关系良好，方法的检出限在0.05～043 μg/kg之间，定量限在0.17～1.42 μg/kg，加标回收率和相对标准偏差分别为70.67%～10183%和1.34%～9.32%；与已有前处理方法相比，d-SPE高效、简便，且最大程度地减少了有机溶剂的消耗；6种市售食用植物油中苯并\[a\]芘含量均小于2 μg/kg。综上，所建立的方法适用于食用植物油中16种PAHs的测定。To rapidly detect 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in edible vegetable oil, the aminated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (NH2-MWCNTs) were used as adsorbents for sample pretreatment, and the dispersion solid phase extraction (d-SPE) with GC-MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 16 PAHs in edible vegetable oil samples. The sample pretreatment conditions (the adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, the type and amount of eluent, elution time) were optimized by single factor experiments, and the methodology of the established detection method was investigated and compared with existing methods. Meanwhile, actual samples were detected using the established method. The results showed that the optimal conditions for sample pretreatment were as follows: adsorbent dosage 15 mg (for 1.0 g edible vegetable oil sample), adsorption time 1 min, toluene as the eluent, eluent dosage 500 μL, elution time 5 min. The 16 PAHs showed good linear relationship in the range of 1-200 μg/kg, and the detection limits of the method ranged from 0.05 μg/kg to 0.43 μg/kg, with quantitative limits between 0.17 μg/kg and 1.42 μg/kg. The spiked recovery rate and relative standard deviation were 70.67%-101.83% and 1.34%-9.32%, respectively. Compared to existing pretreament methods, d-SPE is efficient, simple and minimizes the consumption of organic solvents. The content of benzo \[a\] pyrene in 6 commercial edible vegetable oils was less than 2 μg/kg. In summary, the established method is suitable for the determination of 16 PAHs in edible vegetable oil.

Abstract Introduction Nowadays, food safety is regarded as one of the most critical global public health issues. Edible oil, a key ingredient in food processing, is widely used and consumed in every Ethiopian household. However, its safety is often overlooked. Currently, edible oil is produced in Ethiopia from small-scale operations to large industrial levels, as well as imported from other countries. Objective This study aimed to determine the levels of heavy metals and essential minerals in edible vegetable oils produced and marketed in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to July 2021 in Gondar City. Seventeen edible oil samples were collected using simple random sampling techniques. Heavy metal content was determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer with the standard procedures and techniques after microwave digestion. The efficiency and validity of the method used were evaluated by determining the limit of detection (LOD), the limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy, and precision. The collected data were entered into Microsoft Excel and transported to Stata for analysis. Result A total of seventeen vegetable oil samples were analyzed. The accuracy of the method was evaluated by recovery studies, which ranged from 81 to 115%, and the relative standard deviations were found to be below 15%. The concentrations of Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd, and Pb were in the range of 0.07 to 0.8 mg/l, 0.002 to 0.06 mg/l, 0.01 to 0.8 mg/l, 0.08 to 0.18 mg/l, and 0.003 to 0.27 mg/l, respectively. In general, the lead and cadmium content was higher than other metals in some of the investigated edible vegetable oils. Most values fell within the permissible quality limits for edibility as prescribed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC). However, the levels of Pb and Cd exceeded the reference levels in some locally produced vegetable oils. Conclusion To address the exceeded levels of heavy metals, it is imperative to implement more careful handling, processing of raw materials, and filtering practices. Producers and marketers should take the necessary precautions to prevent contamination. Strict regulatory control from responsible bodies and stakeholders is recommended to ensure the safety and metal contents of vegetable oils originating from the study area.

The development of edible vegetable oil is related to food security and people’s quality of life. Literature research method was adopted in this research to analyze the policy and economic environments of edible vegetable oil industry, and on this basis, production scale, sales quantity and brand competition of edible vegetable oil were sorted out. According to the production data of edible vegetable oil from 2013 to 2022, the GM (1,1) model was used to forecast the yields of edible vegetable oil in the next five years. The results revealed that the output of edible vegetable oil will decline in the future. There was a super-large market advantage in the domestic market, and the overall development of edible vegetable oil industry will be stable in the future. It is concluded that the edible vegetable oil industry may face market challenges such as consumer demand reduction, demand structure diversification and complex competition of market players in the future. The study suggested that, first, enterprises need to pay attention to the nutrition and health of edible oil products, which could ensure food quality and safety, and meet the needs of consumers for a healthy life. Second, enterprises should carry out product innovation to develop new oil products with high quality as well as lightweight, and create a new consumption scene. Third, by targeting the niche consumer market, actively expanding the market space of edible oil and stabilizing the market scale of small and medium-sized enterprises, could promote the high-quality development of the edible vegetable oil industry.

To promote the application of time-resolved fluorescence in oxidation determination of edible vegetable oil, fluorescence lifetime of chlorophyll α in oxidized edible vegetable oils was recorded and analyzed by simulated microenvironment experiments and spectral methods. It was showed that fluorescence lifetime of chlorophyll α decreased with the increase of polarity in the early stage of oxidation, and increased with the increase of viscosity in the later stage of oxidation. Conjugation effect and hydrogen bonding existed in the microenvironment of oxidized edible vegetable oil were considered to be the factors leading to the increase of fluorescence lifetime. The change mechanism of fluorescence lifetime in oxidized edible vegetable oil was supplied, which was considered to be strong support for the application of time-resolved fluorescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods is the property of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

为了探究食用植物油苯并(a)芘暴露给城乡居民带来的健康风险，通过对陕西省汉中市市售食用植物油进行抽样，利用HPLC-荧光检测法检测苯并(a)芘含量，结合对各区县居民的问卷调查，研究食用植物油中的苯并(a)芘污染特征，计算经食用植物油途径的苯并(a)芘暴露限值，并定量评价食用植物油苯并(a)芘暴露给不同类型人群造成的增加寿命期癌风险(ILCR)。结果表明：市售食用植物油样品中苯并(a)芘的检出率为62.5%，苯并(a)芘含量均值为1.0 μg/kg，菜籽油和其他植物油中的苯并(a)芘含量不存在显著差异（p＞0.05），食用植物油中苯并(a)芘含量与酸值存在显著相关性（p＜0.05），与过氧化值之间不存在显著相关性（p＞0.05）；汉中市居民食用植物油平均摄入量为 35.17 g/d，96.2%的居民主要食用植物油为菜籽油；汉中市男性和女性居民经食用植物油途径的苯并(a)芘慢性摄入量分别为0.52 ng/(kg·d)和0.59 ng/(kg·d)，汉中市各区县居民的食用植物油苯并(a)芘暴露限值均大于10 000，表明汉中市各区县居民经食用植物油摄入苯并(a)芘的健康风险较低；食用植物油苯并(a)芘暴露导致男性和女性居民的ILCR分别在8.95×10-7~1.53×10-5和1.01×10-6~1.74×10-5范围内，99.6%汉中市男性居民和100%女性居民ILCR稍高于可接受风险水平（1.0×10-6），汉中市其他区县居民食用植物油苯并(a)芘暴露产生的ILCR显著高于汉台区居民的（p0.05). There was a significant correlation between benzo（a）pyrene content and acid value (p0.05). The average intake of edible vegetable oil of residents in Hanzhong city was 35.17 g/d, and 96.2% of residents mainly consumed rapeseed oil. The chronic daily intakes of benzo（a）pyrene through edible vegetable oil of male and female residents in Hanzhong city were 0.52 ng/(kg·d) and 0.59 ng/(kg·d), respectively. The margin of exposure to benzo（a）pyrene in edible vegetable oil of residents in various districts and counties of Hanzhong city was greater than 10 000, indicating that the health risk of residents ingestion of benzo（a）pyrene through edible vegetable oil was low in Hanzhong city. The ILCR of male and female residents was within 8.95×10-7-1.53×10-5 and 1.01×10-6-1.74×10-5, respectively, and 99.6% of male residents and 100% of female residents in Hanzhong city had slightly higher ILCR than acceptable risk levels (1.0×10-6). The ILCR of residents in other districts and counties were significantly higher than those of residents in Hantai district (p

Edible oils are imported and produced in Ethiopia, notably in Gondar, and their production has expanded considerably in recent years. The expansion of locally produced edible vegetable oils with severe quality control, substandard edible oil production, and quality deterioration may contribute to the contamination of microbes, which may cause public health problems. This study determines the microbiological quality of edible vegetable oils being produced and marketed in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia, in 2021. A laboratory-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from May to July 2021 in Gondar City. A simple random sampling technique was used to collect 17 edible vegetable oil samples. Aseptically collected samples were analyzed in the microbiology lab room. The microbiological quality of vegetable oil was assessed using standard microbiological procedures and techniques. The collected data were entered into a Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheet and Stata Version 14. A non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test was used to assess significant variation. Seventeen edible vegetable oil samples were examined and found to contain a varying number of bacteria, yeast, and molds. Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the identified bacteria, whereas Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus fumigatus were the identified fungi. Total coliform and fecal coliform isolates were also identified in the oil samples. A level of microbial contamination that has public health importance was observed in some of the oil samples analyzed, and the isolated microorganisms indicate unhygienic handling, processing, and storage practices in the oil production and market sites. The introduction of strict rules, regulations, and updated manufacturing technologies and processes to ensure food safety and quality is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

为有效提高食用植物油中大麻素类化合物的风险监测水平，建立一种固相萃取净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定食用植物油中的大麻酚、大麻二酚和Δ9-四氢大麻酚的方法，并通过方法检出限、定量限、不确定度、加标回收率和精密度等对该方法的准确性进行了验证。结果表明：在以5 mL乙腈提取两次、EMR-Lipid固相萃取柱为净化柱、水和甲醇为流动相梯度洗脱、Agilent Pursuit 3 PFP色谱柱（3 μm，2.0 mm×150 mm）分离，负离子模式下电离、多反应模式监测、基质标准曲线同位素内标法定量条件下，大麻酚、大麻二酚、Δ9-四氢大麻酚在5~200 ng/mL质量浓度范围内均呈现良好的线性关系，检出限均为10 μg/kg，加标回收率为84.27%~100.30%，相对标准偏差为1.2%~3.9%；实际样品测定中发现部分食用植物油中存在大麻素类化合物。该方法操作简单、快速、准确度高，适用于食用植物油中大麻酚、大麻二酚、Δ9-四氢大麻酚的测定。In order to effectively improve the risk monitoring level of cannabinoid compounds in edible vegetable oils, a method for the simultaneous determination of cannabinol, cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in edible vegetable oils by solid-phase extraction purification coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was established, and the accuracy of the method was verified by the limit of detection, limit of quantification, uncertainty, spiked recovery and precision. The results showed that the extracts were extracted twice with 5 mL acetonitrile, purified by an EMR-Lipid-type solid-phase extraction column, eluted with a gradient of water and methanol as the mobile phases, and separated on an Agilent Pursuit 3 PFP (3 μm, 2.0 mm×150 mm) type column, with ionisation in the negative ion mode, monitored by the multiple reaction mode, and quantified by isotopic internal standard method in the matrix standard curve. Under the conditions of this method, cannabinol, cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol showed good linearity in the mass concentration range of 5-200 ng/mL, and the limits of detection were all 10 μg/kg, with the spiked recoveries ranging from 84.27% to 100.30% and the relative standard deviations of 1.2%-3.9%; the presence of cannabinoids was detected in the determination of some edible vegetable oils in the actual samples. The method is simple, rapid, accurate and suitable for the determination of cannabinol, cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in edible vegetable oils.

旨在为河南省食品安全风险监测提供参考，对河南省市售的205份食用植物油中3-氯-1，2-丙二醇酯(3-MCPD酯)和2-氯-1,3-丙二醇酯(2-MCPD酯)的污染状况进行调查分析。结果显示：205份食用植物油中，3-MCPD酯污染水平高于2-MCPD酯，其中3-MCPD酯检出率为79.0%，均值为1.83 mg/kg，中位值为1.30 mg/kg；大豆油的3-MCPD酯检出率最高，为93.3%，中位值为1.72 mg/kg，其次是花生油，检出率为89.2%，中位值为1.06 mg/kg，橄榄油的3-MCPD酯和2-MCPD酯污染水平最低；2021年食用植物油中3-MCPD酯、2-MCPD酯检出率均高于2020年；城市、农村人群经由食用植物油摄入3-MCPD酯健康风险较低。不同食用植物油氯丙醇酯的污染水平差别较大，虽然居民经食用植物油摄入3-MCPD酯健康风险较低，但需要继续加强监测。In order to provide reference for food safety risk monitoring in Henan province, the pollution status of 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol(3-MCPD) ester and 2-chloro-1,3-propanediol(2-MCPD) ester in 205 edible vegetable oils sold in Henan province was investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the pollution level of 3-MCPD ester was higher than that of 2-MCPD ester in 205 edible vegetable oils. The detection rate of 3-MCPD ester was 79.0%, with an average value of 1.83 mg/kg and a median value of 1.30 mg/kg. The detection rate of 3-MCPD ester in soybean oil was the highest (93.3%), and the median value of 3-MCPD ester was 1.72 mg/kg. The second was peanut oil, the detection rate was 89.2%, and the median value was 1.06 mg/kg. Olive oil had the lowest pollution levels of 3-MCPD ester and 2-MCPD ester. The detection rates of 3-MCPD ester and 2-MCPD ester in edible vegetable oil in 2021 were higher than those in 2020. The health risk of 3-MCPD ester intake through edible vegetable oil in urban and rural populations was low. The pollution levels of different edible vegetable oils vary greatly, and although the health risk of residents ingestion of 3-MCPD ester through edible vegetable oils is low, it needs to continue to strengthen monitoring.

A colorimetric method for the determination of the peroxide value (POV) of edible vegetable oils was established based on the peroxidase-like catalytic activity of Fe3O4@COOH nanoenzyme. For five edible vegetable oils (corn oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, and soybean oil), POV over the range of 0–0.3 g/100 g exhibited a good linear relationship with absorbance values. The proposed method could accurately detect the POV of edible vegetable oils oxidized in three different ways (ultraviolet lamp irradiation, oven heating and natural oxidation). The differences between the POV determined by this method and the national standard method for 25 oil samples were less than 0.05, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) for corn oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, and soybean oil were 6.13 %, 5.84 %, 6.82 %, 3.62 % and 5.75 %, respectively, indicating good practicability of the colorimetric method. This study provides a fast and convenient method for determining the POV of edible pure vegetable oils.

摘要：城镇居民食用植物油消费量变化趋势影响着城乡居民整体食用植物油消费走向，深入研究其变化趋势和影响因素，可以为我国制定科学合理的粮油供给安全战略和相关产业发展政策提供参考。基于2000—2020年我国城镇居民人均食用植物油消费量及其影响因素数据，从宏观角度出发，利用城市化率、城镇居民家庭人均可支配收入、城镇食用植物油零售价格指数、消费习惯4个主要因素构建灰色GM（1，5）预测模型，并对2021—2025年城镇居民人均食用植物油消费量进行预测。结果表明：构建的模型平均相对误差绝对值为4.94%，满足模型预测要求；应用该模型进行预测发现，2021—2025年我国城镇居民人均食用植物油消费量恢复到10 kg以上，且呈小幅增长态势，叠加持续增长的城镇人口数量，我国油料油脂进口量将进一步增加。为此，提出了引导油脂消费结构调整、加强对食用油的质量安全监督、提高食用油利用效率和杜绝浪费等政策性建议。 The change trend of edible vegetable oil consumption of urban residents affects the overall consumption trend of edible vegetable oil of urban and rural residents. An in-depth study of its change trend and its influencing factors can provide a reference to China for formulating a scientific and reasonable grain and oil supply security strategy and related industrial development policies. Based on the datas of per capita edible vegetable oil consumption and influencing factors of Chinese urban residents from 2000 to 2020, a grey GM (1,5) prediction model was constructed from a macro perspective by using four main factors of urbanization rate, per capita income of urban households, urban edible vegetable oil retail price index and consumption habits, and the per capita consumption of edible vegetable oil by urban residents from 2021 to 2025 was predicted. The results showed that the absolute value of average relative error of the model constructed was 4.94%, which met the prediction requirements of the model. Applying this model for prediction, it was found that the per capita consumption of edible vegetable oil by urban residents in China would recover to over 10 kg from 2021 to 2025, with a slight growth trend. Coupled with the continuous growth of urban populations, China′s oilseed and oil imports would further increase. Therefore, policy recommendations was proposed, such as guiding the adjustment of oil consumption structure, strengthening quality and safety supervision of edible oil, improving the efficiency of edible oil utilization and eliminating waste.

为实现山茶油与3种常见食用植物油(菜籽油、大豆油和玉米油)的区分，制备可视化传感器阵列，采用嗅觉可视化技术对4种不同种类的食用植物油进行分类识别。采用主成分分析(PCA)对4种油样的特征数据进行降维，然后将降维后的数据导入K近邻(KNN)、极限学习机(ELM)、支持向量机(SVM) 3种分类模型中进行模型参数优化，对比了3种分类模型的分类结果。结果表明：建立的SVM分类模型性能最优，当输入主成分向量数为7、c=1.741 1、g=4.549 8时，SVM分类模型的测试集分类识别准确率为95.8%，五折交叉验证准确率为89.6%。制得的可视化传感器阵列可以实现4种食用植物油的分类识别，嗅觉可视化技术用于食用植物油检测是可行的。In order to distinguish oil-tea camellia seed oil from three common edible vegetable oils (rapeseed oil, soybean oil and corn oil), visual sensor array was prepared, and four different edible vegetable oils were classified and identified by olfactory visualization technology. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the dimension of the characteristic data of the four oil samples. The data after PCA dimensionality reduction was imported into three classification models namely K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), and the model parameters were optimized, and the classification results of the three classification models were compared. The results showed that the established SVM classification model had the best performance. When the number of input principal component vectors was 7, c=1.741 1, and g=4.549 8, the classification and recognition accuracy of the test set of the SVM classification model was 95.8%, and the 5-fold validation accuracy was 89.6%. The visual sensor array can achieve the classification and recognition of four edible vegetable oils, and the olfactory visualization technology is feasible for the classification and identification of edible vegetable oils.

Objective: Establish a high throughput method for the determination of 57 organic pollutants in edible vegetable oil. Methods: The target compounds were extracted by acetonitrile-hexane solution and purified by disperse solid phase extraction and solid phase extraction, after that the contents of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 17 phthalates, 8 organochlorines and 16 polychlorinated biphenyls in edible oil were detected by gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Results: All target components had an excellent linearity within the linear range of 0.001~0.1 μg/mL （r2＞0.998）, and the limits of detection was between 0.16~2.0 μg/kg, meanwhile the average recovery rate of matrix addition was between 71.0%~119.5%, and the relative standard deviation was below 12.6% （n=6）. Furthermore, the method was used to analyze 24 baches of edible oils, and 25 types of target substances were founded. Conclusion: This method is high efficiency, accuracy, high sensitivity, which has great significance for the monitoring of persistent organic pollutants and phthalates in edible oil.

为深入了解居民对食用植物油的认知和消费现状，推动食用植物油科学消费,基于山东、河南、陕西、吉林、广东五省1 108份实地调研问卷数据，探讨了消费者对食用植物油的认知情况、购买意愿和消费行为，影响购买意愿的因素及不同消费群体间的购买差异。结果表明：消费者对食用植物油的营养知识和用油习惯的认知较为匮乏，其消费呈品种多样化特点；消费者对食用植物油的消费意愿主要受品牌与知名度、价格、是否转基因这3个因素影响；消费者年龄越大，越不看重脂肪酸构成比例、风味和食用偏好及营养功能物质含量；受教育水平越高，越不重视价格因素；身体质量指数（BMI）更低或家庭收入更高的消费者，更重视食用植物油的脂肪酸构成比例、营养功能物质含量、风味和食用偏好等。基于以上结论，从政府、企业和消费者3个角度提出合理化建议，以促进植物油产业发展和健康消费。In order to gain an in-depth understanding of the current situation of residents′ cognition and consumption of edible vegetable oil, and to promote scientific consumption of edible vegetable oil,based on the data of 1 108 field surveys in Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Jilin and Guangdong provinces, the consumers′ cognition of edible vegetable oil,willingness to buy edible vegetable oil and their consume behavior, factors affecting willingness to purchase, and differences in purchasing among different consumer groups were mainly discussed. The results showed that consumers′ cognition of the nutrition and using habits of edible vegetable oil was relatively scarce, and their consumption showed a characteristics of diversification; consumers′ willingness to consume edible vegetable oil was mainly affected by brand and popularity, price and whether it is genetically modified.The older of the consumer, the less attention was paid to fatty acid composition ratio, flavor and eating preferences, and nutritional functional substances content.The higher the education level of consumer, the less attention was paid to the price factor. Consumers with lower body mass index(BMI) or higher household income tended to pay more attention to the fatty acid composition ratio, nutritional functional substances content, flavor and eating preferences of edible vegetable oil. Based on the above conclusions, the reasonable suggestions from the perspective of government, enterprises and consumers were put forward to promote the development of vegetable oil industry and healthy consumption.

旨在为广西贵港市预防食源性疾病提供科学依据，采用GB 5009.22—2016中的高效液相色谱-柱后衍生法测定2018—2022年从贵港市不同地点采集的625件食用植物油样品的黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）含量，并应用人群肝癌发病风险法和暴露限值(MOE)法对AFB1的暴露风险进行评估。结果表明：在625件食用植物油样品中，AFB1的检出率为96.80%，超标率为20.00%，其中定型包装油均合格，散装油超标率为31.97%；花生油中AFB1的检出率为97.04%，超标率为2470%，其他食用植物油均合格；采集自油坊、杂货店和街头摊点的样品的AFB1超标率较高；食用植物油中AFB1的日膳食暴露量为5.26 ng/kg，AFB1致肝癌发病风险为0.236例/（年·10万人），其中散装油为0.581例/(年·10万人)，花生油为0.416例/(年·10万人)；食用植物油的MOE值为76，其中散装油为31，定型包装油为625，花生油为43，其他油为930。综上，贵港市食用植物油中以散装花生油中AFB1的污染及暴露风险最高，存在一定的食品安全潜在风险，须加强监管并采取相应措施以提高食品安全性。In order to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of foodborne diseases in Guigang, Guangxi, a total of 625 edible vegetable oil samples were collected from different locations in Guigang from 2018 to 2022, and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was detected by post-column derivatization high performance liquid chromatography method in GB 5009.22-2016. The exposure risk of AFB1 was assessed using margin of exposure (MOE) method and population risk of liver cancer method. The results showed that in 625 samples, the detection rate of AFB1 was 96.80%, and the exceeded rate was 20.00%, among which all the packaged samples were qualified, and the exceeded rate of bulk samples was 31.97%. The detection rate of AFB1 in peanut oil was 97.04%, and the exceeded rate was 24.70%, while the other edible vegetable oils were qualified. The exceeded rate of AFB1 in samples collected from oil mills, grocery stores and street stalls was higher. The daily dietary exposure of AFB1 in edible vegetable oil was 5.26 ng/kg, and the incidence risk of liver cancer caused by AFB1 was 0.236 cases/100 000 people per year, of which bulk oil was 0.581 cases/100 000 people per year and peanut oil was 0.416 cases/100 000 people per year. The MOE value of edible vegetable oil was 76, of which bulk oil was 31, packaged samples were 625, peanut oil was 43, and other oils were 930. In conclusion, the risk of AFB1 contamination and exposure of bulk peanut oil in edible vegetable oils in Guigang is high, and there are certain potential risks of food safety. Supervision should be strengthened and corresponding measures should be taken to improve food safety.

为实现对食用植物油的快速无损识别，采用衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱获取10种食用植物油样本的340份谱图数据，经过预处理消除光谱数据中的噪声与背景干扰，通过主成分分析降维特征提取3个主成分，在此基础上构建KNN模型与基于SSA算法优化的BP神经网络模型，对植物油种类进行识别并对识别效果进行比较。结果表明：KNN模型的识别准确率可达97.7%；基于SSA算法优化的BP神经网络分类效果最佳，识别准确率达100%，而传统BP神经网络模型识别准确率仅为87.6%。综上，建立的分子光谱技术结合深度学习模型识别食用植物油种类的新方法，实现了对食用植物油种类的准确识别。To achieve rapid and non-destructive identification of edible vegetable oil, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to obtain 340 spectral data of 10 edible vegetable oil samples. After preprocessing, the noise and background interference in the spectral data were eliminated. Three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and base on which, the KNN model and the BP neural network model optimized based on the SSA algorithm were constructed for identification and their effects were compared. The results showed that the recognition rate of the KNN model could reach 97.7%. The BP neural network model optimized based on the SSA algorithm, with a recognition rate of 100%, had the best classification effect, while the recognition rate of traditional BP neural network model was only 87.6%. In summary, a new method for identifying edible vegetable oil types using molecular spectroscopy technology combined with deep learning models can realize the accurate identification of edible vegetable oil types.

The content of ethyl maltol in special sampling samples of edible vegetable oils was determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to understand the illegal addition of ethyl maltol. The chromatographic column used in this method was ZORBAX SB-C18 column (2.0×100 mm, 1.8 μm), and mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid solution-acetonitrile with gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.2 mL/min, and the column temperature was 40 ℃. The results showed that ethyl maltol had a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 10~100 ng/mL with the correlation coefficient R2 0.999 8, and the average recovery rate of added standard was 99.9% with and the relative standard deviation (RSD) 0.31%. Ethyl maltol in 83 batches of edible vegetable oil was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the content of ethyl maltol in 1 batch of peanut oil was 36.4 μ g/kg. This study could be used for the quality control of edible vegetable oil and also provide scientific reference for the supervision of edible vegetable oil.

This systematic review aims to assess whether edible vegetable oils and fats fortified with vitamin A and/or D are effective and safe in improving vitamin intake and ameliorating deficiency states in the general population. In November 2022, we systematically searched MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, Global Index Medicus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO ICTRP (International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) for randomized controlled trials (RCT) and non-randomized studies of interventions (NRSI) investigating the fortification of edible vegetable oils and fats with either vitamin A or vitamin D or both as compared to the same vegetable oils and/or fats without vitamin A and D fortification or no interventions, in the general population, without age restriction. We assessed the methodological quality of included RCTs using Cochrane's risk of bias tool 2.0 and of NRSIs using ROBINS-I tool. We performed random-effects meta-analysis and assessed certainty of evidence using GRADE. We included eight studies. Available evidence showed no significant effect of fortification with vitamin A on serum retinol levels (RCTs: MD 0.35 µmol/L, 95% CI −0.43 to 1.12; two trials; 514 participants; low-certainty evidence; CCTs: MD 0.31 µmol/L, 95% CI −0.18 to 0.80; two trials; 205 participants; very low-certainty evidence) and on subclinical vitamin A deficiency. Low-certainty evidence showed no effect of vitamin D fortification on serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentration (MD 6.59 nmol/L, 95% CI −6.89 to 20.07; one trial; 62 participants). In conclusion, vitamin A-fortified vegetable oils and fats may result in little to no difference in serum retinol levels in general populations. The dose of vitamin A used in the trials may be safe but may not be sufficient to reduce subclinical vitamin A deficiency. Further, the evidence suggests that vitamin D fortification results in little to no difference in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentration. Several aspects of providing fortified oils and fats to the general population as a public health intervention should be further investigated, including optimal fortification dose, effects on vitamin D deficiency and its clinical symptoms and potential adverse effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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为提高工作效率，降低误差，建立分子印迹柱全自动固相萃取净化-高效液相色谱法测定食用植物油中苯并（a）芘含量的方法。样品经正己烷提取，采用全自动固相萃取仪进行分子印迹柱净化，C18色谱柱分离，高效液相色谱-荧光检测器检测。结果表明：苯并（a）芘在0.5~20.0 ng/mL质量浓度范围内与峰面积线性关系良好，相关系数为 0.999 9，方法检出限为0.09 μg/kg，定量限为0.30 μg/kg，加标回收率为91.7%~111.8%，相对标准偏差为2.0%~8.2%，与国标方法的检测结果不存在显著性差异；对市售38份食用植物油样品进行检测发现，苯并（a）芘的检出率为76.3%。该方法准确度高、重复性好，可批量自动化前处理样品，提高工作效率，并降低人员操作误差风险，适用于食用植物油中苯并（a）芘含量的测定。 In order to improve work efficiency and reduce errors, a molecularly imprinted column automated solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography method for determination of benzo(a)pyrene content in edible vegetable oil was established. The benzo(a)pyrene in samples was extracted using n-hexane, purified by automated solid phase extraction instrument with molecularly imprinted column, separated by C18 column and detected by high performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector. The results showed that benzo (a) pyrene had a good linear relationship with peak area in the range of 0.5-20.0 ng/mL, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 9. The limit of detection was 0.09 μg/kg, and the limit of quantitation was 0.30 μg/kg. The average recovery rate was 91.7%-111.8% with the relative standard deviation of 2.0%-8.2%. In the detection of edible vegetable oil, there was no significant difference between the established method and the national standard method.Afterwards, the method was applied to determine the benzo(a)pyrene content in commercial 38 edible vegetable oil samples, and the detection rate was 76.3%. In conclusion, the method is highly accurate and repeatable, and can improve the efficiency using batch automation preprocessing, reduce the risk of personnel operation error, and is suitable for the measurement of benzo(a) pyrene content in edible vegetable oil.

为减缓葵花籽油进口对我国油葵产业的冲击，保障我国葵花籽油供给稳定，更好地满足我国居民对特色油脂不断增长的消费需求，在分析我国葵花籽油进口贸易特征的基础上，探究背后的成因并提出应对策略。结果表明：近年来，我国葵花籽油进口呈增长快、依存度高、来源地集中等特征；其原因主要有进口价格优势，国内产量增长慢，全球葵花籽生产分布相对集中。据此建议，扩大我国油葵种植面积，实现规模化种植，保障产量稳定增长；提高我国油葵生产效率，实现降本增效，提升国际竞争力；大力发展我国油葵压榨及相关产业，同时用好国外资源，有效满足我国葵花籽油的需求。 In order to mitigate the impact of sunflower seed oil import on China′s oil sunflower industry, ensure the stability of domestic sunflower seed oil supply, and better meet the growing consumption demand of Chinese residents for special oils, based on the analysis of the characteristics of domestic sunflower seed oil import trade, the underlying causes were explored and countermeasures were put forward. The results showed that in recent years, the import of sunflower seed oil in China was characterized by rapid growth, high dependence and concentrated source, and which were mainly caused by the import price advantage, the slow growth of domestic production and the relative concentration of global sunflower seed production distribution. Therefore, it was suggested to expand the planting area of oil sunflower in China, realize large-scale planting, ensure stable growth of output, improve domestic oil sunflower production efficiency, reduce cost and increase efficiency, enhance international competitiveness, vigorously develop domestic oil sunflower pressing and related industries, and make good use of foreign resources to effectively meet the needs of domestic sunflower seed oil.

In the last decade there is a growing interest in application of green and more friendly environment solvents in both industrial and academia sectors due to various environmental concerns. Vegetable oils has been used as effective natural non-toxic and environment-friendly solvents for extraction of various classes of phytochemical constituents from different herbs. In the present study, various edible vegetable oils like palm oil, rice bran oil, sesame oil and sunflower oil were used for preparation of oleoextract of a medicinal plant Glycyrrhiza glabra, commonly known as Licorice. The resulting extracts were analyzed by HPTLC. Determination of Total Phenolic Contents (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Contents (TFC) was carried out by UV-Vis spectrophotometry method for standardization of the oleo-extracts of the herb. The HPTLC fingerprint showed presence of licorice components and phenolics and flavonoids in various oleo-extracts of the herb. So the oils exhibited satisfactory solvent effects with capability of extracting various phytochemicals from licorice and can be a used as a greener, safer and alternative approach to petrochemical solvents for herbal drug extraction and enrichment of phytoconstituents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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利用花生油、大豆油、调和油、棕榈油4种食用植物油作为煎炸油对豆腐、裹粉鸡柳、油条3种食材进行煎炸，研究煎炸时间对煎炸油极性组分含量及羰基值的影响，确定煎炸油时间预警点，同时研究了不同煎炸油品种、不同食材对煎炸油极性组分含量的影响。结果表明：极性组分含量、羰基值均与煎炸时间呈正相关（r极性组分=0809，r羰基值=0.859，P=0.000）； 煎炸6~11 h煎炸油极性组分含量均值从初始的11.85%增至20.96%，最大值为34.10%，可作为煎炸油质量不达标的时间预警点；煎炸12 h，极性组分含量从低到高依次为花生油、棕榈油、调和油、大豆油，含量分别为211%、24.1%、26.8%、27.8%，豆腐、裹粉鸡柳、油条煎炸油中极性组分含量分别为17.7%、250%、322%；煎炸18 h，极性组分含量增大程度由低到高为棕榈油/调和油、大豆油、花生油，煎炸食材用油为豆腐煎炸油、裹粉鸡柳煎炸油、油条煎炸油。 Four kinds of edible vegetable oil including peanut oil, soybean oil, blended oil and palm oil were used to fry three kinds of food stuffs including tofu, chicken fillet wrapped in flour and fried dough sticks. The effects of frying time on the polar compounds content and carbonyl value of frying oil to fix the early warning time of frying oil, and the effects of different frying oil and food stuffs on the polar compounds content of frying oil were studied. The results showed that polar compounds content and carbonyl value were positively correlated with frying time (rpolar compounds=0.809, rcarbonyl value=0.859,P=0.000). The mean value of polar compounds content increased from 11.85% to 20.96% after frying for 6-11 h, and the maximum value was 34.10%, which could be used as the early warning time for the quality of frying oil. The polar compounds content in the frying oil after frying for 12 h from low to high were as follows:21.1% for peanut oil, 24.1% for palm oil, 26.8% for blended oil, 27.8% for soybean oil, and 17.7% for tofu frying oil, 25.0% for chicken fillet wrapped in flour frying oil, 32.2% for fried dough sticks frying oil. After frying for 18 h, the increase of polar compounds content in different frying oil and different fried food oils from low to high were as follows: palm oil/blended oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, and tofu frying oil, chicken fillet wrapped in flour frying oil, fried dough sticks frying oil.

为建立基于红外光谱的食用植物油种类鉴别方法，收集了常见的5种食用植物油样本296份，采集红外光谱，分别通过Savitzky-Golay平滑、希尔伯特变换、IIR低通滤波器、IIR高通滤波器、连续小波变换、一阶导数、二阶导数进行预处理，并利用径向基函数(RBF)神经网络和随机森林(RF)模型对光谱进行识别。结果表明：RBF神经网络模型的效果优于RF模型，将红外光谱数据经希尔伯特变换处理后，RBF神经网络模型的识别率达到100%。采用该方法对食用植物油进行种类鉴别快速无损、准确率高、效果好。 In order to establish the identification method of edible vegetable oils based on infrared spectrum, 296 samples of 5 kinds of common edible vegetable oils were collected, their infrared spectrum were collected and pretreated by Savitzky-Golay smoothing, Hilbert transform, IIR low-pass filter, IIR high pass filter, continuous wavelet transform, first derivative and second derivative respectively, and spectrums were identified by Radial Basis Function(RBF) neural network and Random Forest(RF) models. The results showed that the effect of RBF neural network was better than the RF model. After pretreating the infrared spectrum data by the Hilbert transform, the recognition rate of the RBF neural network model reached 100%. This method has the advantages of rapid non-destructive, high accuracy and good effect in the identification of edible vegetable oils.

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食用调和油是我国食用油产品的大品种，以其独特的产品特点和价格优势丰富着我国城乡超市和农贸市场。通过系统研究我国食用调和油产品与对应配方中原料油的脂肪酸组成和品质，建立了产品与不同配方原料油的关联性。通过植物油市场调研和食用调和油生产企业大量样品的采集、分析及验证，研究制定了GB/T 40851—2021《食用调和油》国家标准。详细介绍标准在技术内容中质量指标和限量的确定，特别是在质量指标中设定“比例一致性”，使食用调和油产品所标识的比例是否真实有了科学、合理的依据，规范了食用调和油的市场秩序，引导行业健康发展。 Blended edible oil is a staple edible oil products in China. With unique characteristics and price advantages, it enriches Chinese urban and rural supermarkets and farmers′markets. By systematically studying the fatty acid composition and quality of Chinese blended edible oil products and raw material oil in corresponding formulas, the correlation between products and raw material oil in different formulation was established. Through the vegetable oil market investigation and the collection, analysis and verification of a large number of samples of blended edible oil production enterprises, the national standard GB/T 40851-2021 Blended edible oil has been formulated. The determination of quality indicators and limits in the technical content of the standard were introduced in detail, especially the setting of "proportion consistency" in the quality indicators ,which made a scientific and reasonable basis for authenticity of the marking proportion of blended edible oil products, regulated the market order of blended edible oil,and guided the healthy development of the industry.

针对市场在售的调和油、玉米油、大豆油、花生油和菜籽油等食用植物油,随机购买20种共290份食用植物油样品。采用液相色谱法测定AFB1、AFB2、AFG1、AFG2以及OTA、OTB真菌毒素的含量，对食用植物油中黄曲霉毒素和赭曲霉毒素的污染水平和分布特征进行分析。结果表明：20种290份食用植物油样品中，有16种共67份样品存在不同程度的真菌毒素污染，总污染率达到23.1%，不同种类食用植物油污染呈现“多种类、共分布”的特点，其中AFG1污染率（14.8%）最高，其次为OTA（13.4%）。绝大多数阳性样本受1～4种真菌毒素污染，仅有少数阳性样本受真菌毒素污染数量达到5种。总体上食用植物油样品受到多种真菌毒素的混合污染情况比较严重，应引起一定的重视。 A total of 290 samples from 20 kinds of edible vegetable oils such as blended oil, corn oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, and rapeseed oil on the market were randomly purchased. Then, the contents of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, OTA and OTB were accurately determined by HPLC to investigate the pollution levels and distribution characteristics of aflatoxins and ochratoxins in edible vegetable oils. The results showed that among the 20 kinds of 290 edible vegetable oil samples, 16 kinds of 67 samples suffered from different degrees of mycotoxin contamination, and the total pollution rate reached 23.1%. The pollution of different kinds of edible vegetable oils presented the characteristics of multi-species and co-distribution. AFG1 had the highest pollution rate (14.8%), followed by OTA (13.4%). Besides, the vast majority of positive samples were contaminated by 1-4 kinds of mycotoxins, only a few positive samples were contaminated with 5 kinds of mycotoxins. Overall, the problem that the edible vegetable oil samples are polluted by multiple mycotoxins is serious and should be paid attention to.

Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Human exposure to aflatoxins (AFs) and zearalenone (ZEA) has not been sufficiently investigated. Here, we analyzed the exposure level and health risks posed by AFs (B1, B2, G1, G2) and ZEA through cooking oil consumption in Shandong, China. The individual daily consumption of cooking oil was calculated through 2745 questionnaires during 2017–2019. The average contamination levels of mycotoxins were estimated by examining 60 cooking oil samples. For the peanut oil, AFs ranged from <0.2 to 274 μg/kg, with a positive rate of 66.6% (20/30). Average levels of 36.62 μg/kg AFB1 and 44.43 μg/kg total AFs were found. Over-the-limit level (20 μg/kg) of AFB1 was detected in 8/30 samples. Estimated daily intake (EDI) and margin of exposure (MOE) for age-stratified population groups showed that children are facing highest adverse health risk with AFB1 (MOE 5.88–6.39). The liver cancer incidences attributable to AFB1 exposure are non-negligible as 0.896, 0.825, and 0.767 cases per 100,000 for 6–14 age group, 15–17 age group, and adult labor-intensive workers. Over-the-limit level (60 μg/kg) ZEA contamination was detected in 25/30 corn oil samples with a 50th percentile value of 97.95 μg/kg. Our health risk assessment suggested significant health risks of enterohepatic (inflammation and cancer), reproductive, and endocrine systems posed by AFs and ZEA. However, the health risk of immunotoxicity is unclear because currently animal study data are not available for the immunotoxicity induced after long-term exposure. In general, the health risks posed by mycotoxins are non-negligible and long-term mycotoxin surveillance is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More and more attention has been paid to the safety and nutrition of edible vegetable oil. Maintaining the nutritional quality and stability of edible vegetable oil has become a key issue in the oil industry. Rosemary extract, as a natural antioxidant, has good oxidation resistance, which could inhibit the oxidative deterioration of oil and prolong the storage time for keeping the good sensory and nutritional quality of oil. Also, it shows better stability in high temperature environments. The oil is taken mainly through hot processing in China, so the natural nontoxic, efficient and heat-resistant antioxidant is desired for Chinese edible oils. In this paper, the application research progress of rosemary extract in edible vegetable oil was reviewed, providing theoretical reference for the antioxidant research of rosemary extract in oil.

Copyright of Journal of Henan University of Technology Natural Science Edition is the property of Henan University of Technology Journal Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Acid value, as an important indicator of its oxidation and quality, is used to measure the content of free fatty acid (FFA) in edible vegetable oil. At present, titration is the most widely used method to examine the acid value of edible oil, which is simple and easy to operate. Titration is effective for the detection of acid in most edible oils, but the detection error rate is higher for edible oil with lower acid value, darker color or certain interference components except FFA. Instrumental analysis methods, such as spectroscopy,electrochemistry, colorimetry and chromatography, can be used as alternatives to titration. Besides, the instrumental analysis methods have better sensitivity and accuracy. In order to further expand and innovate the technology of acid value detection in edible vegetable oil, the production pathway of edible vegetable oil FFA, the features and current situation of acid value detection methods are analyzed and compared, to provide reference for the improvements of acid value detection method and the establishment of new methods.

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study is to determine total antioxidant capacity and total fat content of different brands and sources of edible vegetable oils in India. The antioxidant capacity of oil samples was analyzed by Fe3+ ferric reducing power (ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, FRAP assay). Total lipid content was assayed by Phosphovanillin method. Six brands of Sunflower oil were analyzed, among them brand three showed an optimum balance between the antioxidants and lipid content. Groundnut oil is one of the traditionally and predominantly used oil in the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat. The branded groundnut oil tested had high antioxidant capacity. Coconut oil is consisting of about 90% saturated fat it has got lower lipid content than rice bran oil and high antioxidant capacity. Mustard oil content is comparable to sesame oil but has a high antioxidant capacity, whereas palm oil has antioxidant capacity higher than Rice bran oil; it is one of the vegetable oils relatively high in saturated fats and thus Semi solid at room temperature hence not advisable for daily consumption. Result of study helps in identifying the edible oil appropriate for daily consumption such that it has high antioxidant capacity but with low lipid content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of the fatty acid composition of fried oil on the oil-absorbing capacity of tofu puffs was examined. Two edible vegetable oils and three blends of different oleic acid and linoleic acid ratios were analyzed before and after frying, along with the rheological properties, fatty acid composition, acid value, peroxide value, and p -anisidine value. As well as the moisture content, oil content, and microstructure changes of the tofu puffs, were evaluated. The results revealed that the viscosity of all fried oils increased after short-time thermal exposure, while the acid value, peroxide value, and p -anisidine value also increased. The blend oil, with an oleic acid and linoleic acid ratio of 1:1, demonstrated good oxidation stability and low viscosity. The tofu puffs fried with this blend oil had lower oil content and weak adhesion, attributed to their microstructure. The development of special frying oil with good stability based on fatty acid composition provides a theoretical basis for the production of low-oil frying food. • There was a significant positive correlation between the viscosity of frying oil and oil absorption. • Frying oil (1:1 oleic: linoleic) reduced tofu puff oil absorption. • A special frying oil with good stability was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Samples of contaminated top soil (0–30 cm) and uncontaminated soil (control) from two locations in Precambrian basement complex area were analyzed to assess the effects of single and mixed oil contaminants on the physico-chemical and thermal properties of soils. Pearson's correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to study the interrelationships of the studied parameters as well as variation of studied soil characteristics under the different oil contaminants, respectively. Results showed insignificant impact of pollutant(s) on the textural class of contaminated soils. The highest and lowest mean soil resistivity (SR) values were found in petrol-contaminated and mixed surfactants (shampoo + conditioner) -contaminated soils, respectively. The least values of mean specific heat capacity (SHC), heat capacity (HC), and soil water diffusivity (SWD) were found in soils contaminated by mixed surfactants-contaminants. However, mixed mineral oils (petrol + diesel + engine oil) and mixed vegetable oils (palm oil + groundnut oil) had mean SHC values lower than those of control soils at the two sampling locations. The mixed surfactants-polluted soil is characterized by lowest mean bulk density (BD) and highest mean gravimetric water content (GWC) while lowest mean GWC and highest mean SWD characterized engine oil-contaminated soils. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) result revealed significant variation in % sand at 5% level (p < 0.05) for petroleum-derived contaminants but no significant differences in mean values of all analyzed soil properties under vegetable oil contaminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phthalates (PAEs) are fat‐soluble pollutants with a molecular structure similar to hormones. Long‐term intake of PAEs exceeding the safe dose can lead to poisoning of the liver, kidney, lung, heart, and multiple tissue systems causing harm to the human body. Edible vegetable oil is one of the sources of human exposure to PAEs. Therefore, information on PAE levels in edible vegetable oils is very important for human exposure assessment. This paper reviews the sources of PAEs in edible vegetable oil, the causes of pollution in the process of production, processing, storage, and transportation, relevant control strategies and existing removal methods. Practical applications: This article reviews the sources, content, and removal methods of PAEs in edible vegetable oils. It aims to assess the global pollution status of PAEs in edible vegetable oil, provide information and reference for the control of PAEs in edible vegetable oil, and provide future reference for PAEs in edible vegetable oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by some fungi during crop growth.They are highly toxic and widely exist in plant,seriously polluting food,and have been a significant threat to human health.Edible vegetable oil,as a necessities of daily consumption,is easy to be polluted by mycotoxins in itself and its source (oil seeds) which has been widely concerned by public.This article generalized the types and characteristics of primary mycotoxins and their pollution in oil commodities,the current common detoxification methods were further summerized.

Copyright of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods is the property of Science & Technology of Cereals, Oils & Foods Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective This paper aim to investigate dibutyl phthalate (DBP) concentration level in edible vegetable oil sold in Shanghai, and to evaluate the dietary exposure risk of local residents. Methods By combining monitoring data of DBP in edible vegetable oil sold in Shanghai from 2015 to 2019 with the dietary consumption data of residents, the dietary exposure of DBP in edible vegetable oil was assessed via point assessment method. Results A total of 1 248 DBP samples in edible vegetable oil were tested from 2015 to 2019, the overall unqualified rate was 3.4% (43/1 248), and the mean concentration was (0.34±2.15) mg/kg. According to the annual statistics, the unqualified rate showed an upward trend of fluctuation and reached 4.4% (13/295) in 2019. According to the statistics of edible vegetable oil varieties, DBP contamination levels in walnut oil, sesame oil and rapeseed oil were relatively serious, with the unqualified rate of 28.6% (6/21), 10.5% (20/190) and 9.2% (8/87), respectively. The mean and 97.5 percentile daily DBP intake from edible vegetable oil in general population were 0.23 and 0.40 μg/kg BW, accounting for 2.3% and 4.0% of tolerable daily intake (TDI, 10 μg/kg BW), respectively. Conclusion The health risk of DBP intake from edible vegetable oil was relatively low and acceptable for Shanghai residents.

This paper summarizes the rapid detection methods of edible vegetable oil components from the aspects of analysis principle and application technology, such as simulation sensory analysis, spectral analysis, electromagnetic spectrum analysis and biochip technology. The application results of these techniques in the component mixing identification of edible vegetable were further analyzed. It was showed that the integrated online rapid detection technology of multi-channel, multi parameter and multi capacity will be the developing direction of component analysis of edible vegetable oil and will lay a technical foundation for further improving the quality supervision of edible vegetable oil and safeguarding the interests of consumers in China.

Fatty acid amides (FAAs) are endogenous lipid molecules that exhibit various physiological activities. FAAs are usually present at nanomolar levels in biological samples. In this study, a method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of six FAAs (linoleamide, linoleoyl ethanolamide, oleoyl ethanolamide, palmitic amide, oleamide, and octadecanamide) in edible vegetable oils was established. All six FAAs were detected in sesame, peanut, soybean (decolorized and non-decolorized), and blended oils; five in sunflower oil; four in rice oil; three in linseed and olive oils; and two in corn and canola oils. The total contents of FAAs were highest in sesame oil (104.88 ± 3.01 μg/mL), followed by peanut oil (34.96 ± 3.87 μg/mL), soybean oil (16.75 ± 1.27 μg/mL), and blended oil (13.33 ± 0.77 μg/mL), and the contents in the other edible vegetable oils were all

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are prone to migrate from the plastic containers into oil during production and storage process. Owing to the trace amount of PAEs and complex sample matrix, it is of great importance to explore a facile and sensitive way to extract and detect PAEs from oil samples. In this work, magnetic covalent organic framework nanospheres (Fe3O4@COF(TbBD)) were fabricated by the aldehyde-amine condensation between benzidine (BD) and 1,3,5-triformylbenzene (Tb) on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with the help of ultrasonic treatment. The new type nanomaterials were firstly used to the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of seven PAEs in edible vegetable oils prior to high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (HPLC–DAD). In order to achieve the best extraction efficiency, several key parameters were optimized. Under optimal conditions, the proposed Fe3O4@COF(TbBD)-MSPE-HPLC–DAD method possessed high sensitivity (0.55–0.95 µg/kg for LODs and 1.80–3.10 µg/kg for LOQs), good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9983), and satisfactory recoveries (80.2–102.9%). The RSDs for intra-day was less than 6.1%, and inter-day was less than 7.9%. This work not only proposed a rapid and reliable approach for determining PAEs in edible vegetable oils but also broadened the application of magnetic COFs in food determination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Edible oils, derived from a plant source, play a vital role in providing nutrition. A quality edible oil has a flavor, range of physicochemical parameters. Several quality parameters like saponification value, acid value, peroxidase value and iodine value will be helpful in estimating the quality of edible vegetable oils. The present study was intended to evaluate the quality difference between cooked and uncooked oils. Materials and Methods: Utilizing various edible oil samples from major brands in india e.g sunflower oil, soybean oil, canola oil, almond oil, coconut oil and, olive oil saponification value and acid value was determined. All the oil samples were thoroughly characterized by calculating their saponification value and acid value using the standard procedure of association of official analytical chemist (AOCS) and American oil chemist society. Results: In comparision to uncooked oils, cooked oils had significantly higher sapnification values. The acid values were also increased in cooked oils compared to uncooked oils. Widely used sunflower oil had a two fold significant increase in saponification value and five fold significant increase in acid value after cooking. Similar changes were not observed in olive oil. Conclusion: Taken together, results of our study indicate that widely used sunflower oil might not be appropraiate for domestic usage. Further, our results also indicate that olive oil might be a better choice for domestic cooking. Further studies are required for a large scale validation of the present results there by brining in regulation/public health policy on usage of cooked oils by various small scale food vendors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]