Search

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to examine the question if there is any connection between the rate of decomposition of litter, removal of litter from the soil surface by bioturbation and the frequency and intensity of wildfires. The work describes in detail the mechanism of fire, factors influencing the frequency and intensity of wildfires and their ecological impacts. It pays particular attention to the role of fuel availability for the fire. It describes the relationship between the quality of fuel, its quantity and the rate of its accumulation on soil surface and the frequency and intensity of wildfires. In particular, study brings forvard an idea that the accumulation of fuel on the soil surface in the form of more or less decomposed litter. The work points out that the amount of this fuel depends on the quality of the litter, but its production is based on the rate at which the litter (fuel) decomposes on the soil surface and how fast it is possibly incorporated into the soil by bioturbation of soil organisms. The work also pays attention to factors influencing the intensity of bioturbation and the rate of decomposition, presents the factors influencing the formation of overlying forms of humus. The work points out the possible dependence between these forms of humus and the frequency of...

El trabajo que a continuación se presenta es la culminación de una línea de investigación desarrollada en los últimos años. Dicha línea de investigación es la crítica al sistema agrícola industrial del cual obtenemos el alimento. El mismo es el mayor responsable (junto al sector ganadero) de la contaminación y pérdida de ecosistemas de vital importancia en el planeta Tierra. La obra resultante con la que culmina esta investigación, ha sido un álbum ilustrado que habla de la importancia del uso de sistemas agrícolas respetuosos con el suelo, y que ofrece una lectura tanto para jóvenes como para adultos. Aunque la mayoría de álbumes ilustrados cuentan con diez o doce páginas ilustradas, el que presento cuenta con dieciséis ilustraciones a doble página, que resultan en un total de 32. Estas ilustraciones complementan al texto y llevan el peso narrativo de la historia. La técnica con la que se han realizado combina lo tradicional (grafito, tinta y acuarela) con el retoque digital., The work that follows is the culmination of a line of research developed in recent years. This line of research is the criticism of the industrial agricultural system from which we obtain food. It is the main responsible for the contamination and loss of vitally important content on planet Earth. The resulting work that culminates this research, has been an illustrated album that speaks of the importance of the use of agricultural systems respectful with the soil, and that offers a reading for both young people and adults. Although most illustrated books have ten or twelve illustrated pages, the one that presents an account with sixteen double-page illustrations, which is completed in a total of 32. These illustrations complement the text and bear the narrative weight of the story. The technique with which it has been made combines the traditional (graphite, ink and watercolor) with digital retouching., Universidad de Granada. Máster Oficial Universitario en Dibujo: Creación, Producción y Difusión

This master thesis analyses the topic of soil biological activity after the addition of biodegradable waste of different quality (straw, grass, compost). A container experiment with a goal to determine the influence of fresh organic matter and stabilized organic matter on soil biological activity is a substance of this thesis. Soil biological activity was interpreted by soil gas production, namely CO2 and N2O, also by determining the number of microorganisms of individual physiological groups, by determining the cellulite organism activity and by assessing the growth of the indicator plant biomass. It was discovered that a material containing less degradable substances and a broad C/N ration (straw) can cause the depression of plant growth compared to application of stabilized organic matter (compost). However, if the applied fresh organic matter has a suitable composition and an optimal C/N ratio, it can be incorporated into the soil without prior stabilization, for example by composting, and it still may have a positive impact on growth of biological activity of the soil biota and it may positively affect the plant growth at the same time.

This bachelor thesis is a literature review, examinig the effect of agricultural and nutritional measures on soil biological activity. Bachelor thesis is systematically divided into several parts. At the beginning of the thesis are included important dates regarding soil organic matter and edaphon. Another part of the work has been to study effects of fertilization and liming on soil biological activity. Furthermore, there are studies on the impact of agro-technical measures and the impact of the application of pesticides. The paper also lists methods of research soil biological activity.

V raziskavah talne entomofavne se navezujemo na program Intenzivnega spremljanja gozdov v Sloveniji na lokaciji Brdo pri Kranju. Na rastiščih drugotnega gozda rdečega bora z borovnico smo spremljali vrstno sestavo na dveh ploskvah: na eni ploskvi ni bilo antropogenega vpliva (P1), na drugi ploskvi pa je bil rdeči bor posekan, sečni ostanki mulčani in puščeni na ploskvi (P2). Ugotavljali smo vrstno bogastvo petih skupin členonožcev: Acarina, Aranaea, Apterygota, Pterygota, Myriapoda. V razredu Insecta smo obravnavali 11 redov, posebej v redu Coleoptera 13 družin hroščev. Nasplošno je bogastvo vrst členonožcev večje na nespremenjenem mikrohabitatu (P1). Različnost talne entomofavne se kaže v večji prisotnosti termofilnih vrst iz družin Cicindelidae, Cerambycidae in Cleridae na ploskvi, kjer so bili sečni ostanki mulčani in puščeni na ploskvi (P2). Our research of ground entomofauna is related to the programme Intensive Forest Monitoring in Slovenia, location: Brdo pri Kranju. We monitored the species composition in two plots at secondary Scots pine forest sites: in one plot there was no anthropogenic influence (P1) while in the other monitored plot the Scots pine was cut down and the slash was spread over the soil and left in the plot (P2). We estimated the species diversity of five groups of arthropods: Acarina, Aranaea, Apterygota, Pterygota and Myriapoda. We monitored 11 orders of the Insecta class we studied 13 families of beetles from the Coleoptera order. In general, the species diversity of arthropods wasgreater in the unaltered microhabitat (P1). The diversity of the ground entomofauna can be seen in stronger presence of thermophile species from the Cicindelidae, Cerambycidae and Cleridae families in the plot where the slash was spread over the soil (after having been ground) and left in the plot (P2).

This thesis didactically processes three proposals of fieldwork for intermediate school pupils and students of lower grades of grammar schools. Two of the described sites for field education are located directly in the capital city of Prague (Prokopské valley, Meanders of Botič) and the third locality lies 30 km south of Prague (Medník). All field exercises are focused on soil, soil biology and ecology of selected localities. During the fieldwork, students apply active learning and record their results in worksheets. The first half of the thesis is a literary review describing the characteristics of the selected sites, the soil and soil organisms and selected methods of study of soil ecosystems. The last part of the literary review deals with general characteristics of field training as an organizational teaching form, its aims, methods and organization. The actual output of the whole work is the proposal of three fieldworks and methodological materials for teachers. Individual tasks in the worksheets are analysed from the didactical point of view. Two of the fieldworks were tested in school practice by the author of the thesis. The course of the two fieldworks commented and the results of the students' works are evaluated. The annex of the theses contains worksheets for students, their correct...