Search

The increasing use of tractors and implements is replacing manual labor, but adds financial burdens on small-scale farmers due to rising costs. Many farmers have turned to leasing and renting machinery to mitigate these expenses, while repair and maintenance costs remain significant. Government interventions aim to alleviate these burdens, but income disparities between urban and rural areas persist, and the impact of machinery use on climate change and the environment poses further challenges. Strategies like omitting some operation steps and adopting versatile machinery are proposed to cut costs and promote economic sustainability for small-scale farmers. Therefore, this study assessed the economic benefits of using versatile machinery in farming, especially for small-scale rural farmers. Farming processes were divided into field preparation and crop season activities. Field preparation included rotary tillage, ridge formation, and mulching, whereas crop season activities included harvesting and transportation. Annual usage and production cost analyses per hectare, including labor, fuel, and interest, alongside purchasing cost surveys, were conducted. Versatile machinery reduced annual usage costs for field preparation and crop season activities by 63.54% and 71.71%, respectively. This effect was more pronounced for farms under 2 ha, especially those employing manual harvest and transportation. Small-scale farmers, such as those cultivating hot pepper farms, are strongly encouraged to adopt versatile machinery to mitigate expenses and labor costs. The significance of adopting studied methodology will be amplified with the rising cost of labor. Consequently, utilization of versatile machinery in field farming for small-scale farms is projected to increase incomes not through enhanced production, but by significantly reducing the annual usage costs associated with agricultural machinery. This approach not only alleviates financial burdens but also enhances the sustainability of farm management, ensuring long-term viability and environmental stewardship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Puerto Rico, less than 5% of glass waste is recycled annually compared to a US national average of 25%. In regions like Puerto Rico, where government glass recycling programs are absent, glass presents a challenging waste stream to profitably recycle due to high transportation costs and low market prices, with few scalable models identified in the literature. This study emerged from a multi-year shared action learning partnership between Worcester Polytechnic Institute's Puerto Rico Project Center and the Corporación del Proyecto ENLACE, a community development NGO serving the Caño Martín Peña communities in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Based on online research and interviews with 16 key stakeholders, we describe an economically sustainable glass recycling business model designed for the Caño Martín Peña communities that offers broader applicability for similar contexts. The business model achieves three goals: (1) it offers a free and convenient glass-collection service for the Caño Martín Peña communities; (2) it generates local employment opportunities in a low-income region; and (3) it operates in an economically sustainable manner. The viability of the glass-recycling business model is premised on strategic partnerships with government agencies, recycling companies, glass-sand markets, and local businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate changes affect all agricultural production systems, directly or indirectly, including that of ruminant meat, through the limitation of forage resources sensitive to reduced water regimes and drought. The present paper assessed the economic sustainability of ruminant meat production in the context of climate change, with a particular focus on integrating bioeconomy principles through the use of drought-resistant crops such as sorghum and millet in livestock feed. This study included scenarios for two farm-level models, a sheep fattening farm and a cattle fattening farm, to determine the economic benefit and impact of integrating resilient crops in the total feed ration. The findings showed that the dry scenario system could offer economic and environmental advantages over traditional water-intensive crops like maize. The results demonstrated that replacing maize with sorghum or millet could result in a reduction in feed costs and enhanced economic benefit over the traditional feed system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United Nations 2030 Agenda defines the priorities and aspirations for global development based on seventeen ambitious sustainable development goals encompassing economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Tourism plays a vital role in the list of actions for the people and the planet. While the tourism industry drives economic growth, its environmental and social impact is equally high. Sustainable tourism aims to reduce the damage caused by the tourism industry, protect communities, and guarantee the industry's long-term future. These changes require tourists' collective and concerted effort. The question arises whether tourists are willing to be more demanding about sustainability when looking for a destination. This study uses artificial intelligence to classify a new trend in European citizens' search for sustainable destinations and to generate intelligent recommendations. Using data from the Flash Eurobarometer 499, we use a tree-based algorithm, random forest, to obtain intelligent citizens classification systems supported by machine learning. The classification system explores the predisposition of citizens to contribute to the three pillars of sustainability when choosing a destination to visit based on gender, age, and the region of living. We found that European citizens place little emphasis on the social sustainability pillar. While they care about preserving the environment, this competes with the cultural offerings and availability of activities at the destination. Additionally, we found that the willingness to contribute to the three pillars of sustainability varies by gender, age, and European region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study, which mainly emphasizes Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities, examines the sustainability of the tourism industry in Carmen, Cebu, Philippines, from 2020 to 2023. The analysis uses quantitative and qualitative methods to address sustainability's ecological, social, cultural, safety, and economic aspects. Fifteen local owners of tourism-related businesses participated in the study, which gave a thorough understanding of the industry's sustainability initiatives. The findings reveal significant ecological and economic sustainability advancements driven by initiatives such as environmental preservation strategies and economic development programs. However, social aspects, particularly community involvement, employee training, and the protection of cultural heritage were identified as needing improvement. Recommendations include enhancing cultural heritage protection, prioritizing employee training and development, establishing robust environmental preservation strategies, encouraging greater stakeholder cooperation, and actively involving local communities in tourism activities. By implementing these recommendations, Carmen's tourism industry can enhance its sustainability credentials, creating a more resilient, inclusive tourism ecosystem that benefits current and future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This critical commentary focuses on the research in Event Management on economic sustainability and events. We begin with a broad definition of an economically sustainable event that builds on economic impact to include social equity, livability, and community well-being, and accounts for environmental and social costs. We consider the methods, approaches, and types of events represented in the journal that lack diversity. The findings indicate that quantitative approaches predominate, focused on the direct and indirect contributions of visitor expenditure. Social, natural, and community capital have received less attention. The review calls for greater consideration of the economic sustainability of events beyond the tourism contribution; longitudinal studies on the impacts of events on the economic well-being of communities; understanding how events impact equity; correcting research bias towards Western developed economies by examining different contexts; exploring multiple event types; and investigating the role of planning in realizing economically sustainable events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines the dynamic impact of green energy (GE), financial inclusion (FI), and militarization (MS) on attaining global economic sustainability (EGS, SDG‐8) in 121 nations from 2003 to 2022. Further, explore and compare 44 high‐income, 33 upper‐middle‐income, and 44 low‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries for a better understanding of empirical and policy contributions. This study utilized second‐generation econometric methods. Consequently, it employed a two‐step system GMM model, which was validated using the D‐K regression approach. The findings revealed that green energy and financial inclusion benefit EGS across all income levels having a significant and positive impact on economic sustainability. In contrast, militarization has a negative relationship with EGS, which proves it is detrimental to EGS in the overall sample and high‐income countries. However, it positively influences economic sustainability in low‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries. Moreover, other factors, such as institutional quality and armed conflicts, have mixed effects on ESG at different income levels. This study also provides persuasive policy measures and implications for achieving global economic sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated green library practices in selected academic libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study adopted an exploratory design. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 18 librarians as the participants for the study, and the interview method was adopted for data collection. The findings reveal that all the academic libraries engaged in the fumigation of their environment to preserve library resources, and the level of adoption of information and communications technology resulted in the libraries having a high carbon footprint. The results also show that the academic libraries engaged in resource-sharing for economic sustainability and that they have value for their users in terms of social and cultural support. It is recommended that university management teams provide adequate funding to develop eco-friendly practices in university libraries, and that academic libraries provide solar systems to all their library units to enhance environmentally conscious practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resource-poor organizations serve a significant portion of emerging markets' healthcare industries. Such organizations engage in transformative services. However, given emerging markets' ever-changing dynamics, it is unclear whether transformative services suffice for such organizations to move towards economic and social sustainability. We present two studies undertaken in the context of missionary hospitals in India. Study 1 identifies that hospitals rely on innovations in transformative services, driven by the co-creation of knowledge by various stakeholders, to remain socially and economically sustainable. Study 2 develops and tests hypotheses using data from 183 hospitals, showing that employee voice, community engagement, and diversity of organizational expertise increase innovation in transformative services at a decreasing rate, while resource munificence and commercialization emphasis moderate the antecedents' effects. Post hoc analyses show that innovation in transformative services positively affect economic and social sustainability, and that awareness creating efforts moderate these relationships. More broadly, innovations in transformative services are critical for emerging markets' resource-poor organizations' economic and social sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable agriculture development holds significant global and regional importance, particularly within the Baltic countries. On a global scale, it is a critical strategy for meeting the escalating demand for food while simultaneously mitigating the adverse environmental and social consequences associated with agricultural practices. In the context of the Baltic nations, where agriculture constitutes a substantial portion of the economy, the adoption of sustainable farming practices is imperative for ensuring the sector's long‐term viability, safeguarding the integrity of the region's distinct ecosystems, and guaranteeing food security for their populations. A comprehensive understanding of the opportunities and challenges facing Baltic agriculture is impeded by a notable research deficiency concerning the intricate and distinct problems facing these nations. The use of indicators to assess economic sustainable agriculture indicators plays a pivotal role in guiding agricultural practices. By taking social and environmental variables into account, these metrics quantify the economic viability of farming. Consequently, these indicators empower policymakers and farmers alike to make well‐informed decisions, striking a balance between profitability and resource conservation, thereby contributing to the enduring sustainability of agriculture in the Baltic countries and beyond. Notably, a comprehensive assessment of economic sustainability in agriculture identified 31 indicators, which were refined to 9 through expert consensus using the Delphi method. Subsequently, the best worst method was applied to rank these indicators. The results indicate that investment intensity, diversification of income, agricultural labor productivity, and market access emerge as the most crucial indicators for ensuring economic sustainability in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental policy has long been regarded as the key to achieving sustainable growth goals. Because China is one of the most energy-consuming and carbon-emitting countries globally, its carbon reduction actions have received worldwide attention. This study aims to simultaneously focus on the impact of environmental disclosure and the level of environmental disclosure on enterprise performance. Thus, we use China's 2013 "Carbon Trading Pilot" policy as an exogenous shock and adopt the DID (difference-in-differences) method to examine the impacts of policy-related disclosure and the disclosure level on the financial performance of listed enterprises from 2009 to 2020. The results are as follows: (1) The "Carbon Trading Pilot" policy-related environmental disclosure negatively affects enterprise financial performance; however, the environmental disclosure level is positively correlated with enterprise financial performance, and both impacts are heterogeneous. (2) The impact of the "Carbon Trading Pilot" project-related environmental disclosure level on enterprise financial performance has a threshold effect, where its impact is enhanced when the environmental disclosure index reaches 10.074. (3) Further exploration of mechanisms reveals that total liabilities play an action mechanism role in the above two relationships. Studying the impact of environmental policies on enterprise financial performance is of paramount significance for economic sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Using the theoretical framework of the substantive economy, this study aims to point out the main aspects of the substantive mode of operation that help the integration of disadvantaged people while at the same time shedding light on the barriers that hinder economically efficient functioning in a market economy. Design/methodology/approach: Research focuses on Hungarian rural work integration social cooperatives, which are engaged in producing activity by the employment of disadvantaged people. In the research, mixed methods were applied: results of a questionnaire survey covering 102 cooperatives, as well as 20 semi-structured interviews and experiences from the field. A total of 17 indicators were used to explore the substantive operational features, promoting mechanisms and problems in the following areas: organisational goals and outcomes; integrating roles and functions; productive functions; and the embeddedness of cooperatives. Findings: As for results, substantive operational mechanisms and tools that support the integration of disadvantaged people have been identified such as mentoring, social incentives, the ability to create local value or the expansion of local community services. At the same time, several barriers have been detected that make it difficult to operate economically, such as cooperatives being a stepping stone for workers, excessive product heterogeneity or the lack of vertically structured bridging relationships. Originality/value: The value of the study is to counterpoint the mechanisms promoting social purposes of work-integration social cooperatives and the obstacles to their long-term sustainability within the framework of the substantive economy, to better understand their functioning and the less quantifiable factors of their performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Top-down environmental policies aim to mitigate environmental risks but inevitably lead to economic losses due to the market entry or exit of enterprises. This study developed a universal dynamic agent-based supply chain model to achieve tradeoffs between environmental risk reduction and economic sustainability. The model was used to conduct high-resolution daily simulations of the dynamic shifts in enterprise operations and their cascading effects on supply chain networks. It includes production, consumption, and transportation agents, attributing economic features to supply chain components and capturing their interactions. It also accounts for adaptive responses to daily external shocks and replicates realistic firm behaviors. By coupling high spatial–temporal resolution firm-level data from 18 916 chemical enterprises, this study investigates the economic and environmental impacts of an environmental policy resulting in the closure of 1800 chemical enterprises over three years. The results revealed a significant economic loss of 25.8 billion USD, ranging from 23.8 billion to 31.8 billion USD. Notably, over 80% of this loss was attributed to supply chain propagation. Counterfactual analyses indicated that implementing a staggered shutdown strategy prevented 18.8% of supply chain losses, highlighting the importance of a gradual policy implementation to prevent abrupt supply chain disruptions. Furthermore, the study highlights the effectiveness of a multi-objective policy design in reducing economic losses (about 29%) and environmental risks (about 40%), substantially enhancing the efficiency of the environmental policy. The high-resolution simulations provide valuable insights for policy designers to formulate strategies with staggered implementation and multiple objectives to mitigate supply chain losses and environmental risks and ensure a sustainable future.

Abstract The contemporary research article is central to understanding coal structure evaluation and the morphological development impacting its utilization in different applications. Through Mineral Liberation Analysis (MLA) designs high content phyllosilicates minerals and swelling clay minerals were rationalized to provides a novel insight into enhanced coal beneficiation and the benefits of coal by-product re-utilization progressions that encourage safer environments and economic sustainability. This work commences with collection of five (5) different coal samples from the central district region in Botswana, sample characterization deploying Thermogravimetric coal analysis (TGA), x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) test that was directed to quantification of the coal hardness and fracture toughness during milling. The cumulative objective was to understand the correlation that exists between the natural composition of the coal sample and their adaptation and application in various carbonaceous products. A solid connection was thus identified in the sulfur and phosphorus weight percentage inclusions in all the coal materials hence higher significance in sphalerite mineral phases (Zn, Fe) S critically increased the fracture toughness and hardness properties. Moreover, mineral amalgams intrinsic to the coal maceral such as aluminum oxides (Al2O3), silicate (SiO2), calcites (CaO), Iron oxide (Fe2O3), potassium feldspars (K − AlSi3O8), albite (Na − AlSi3O8), and anorthite (Ca − Al2Si2O8) compounds in alkali feldspars were detected in larger quantities. The coal industry has attracted much industrial attention to manufacturing foundations producing cement, ceramic tiles, paving bricks, and material synthesis and will continue to supply other economic sectors in the conceivable future. Graphical Abstract

This research aims to obtain in-depth information about the quality of Conical Hat production (Caping) of the women's group of Conical Hat craftsmen is still low compared to the same production in the market, and the market share of Conical Hat handicrafts of the women's group is still limited to the local market. The type of research is descriptive qualitative with data analysis conducted in four stages; data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. This research is also supported by data triangulation. The results showed that in improving the quality of production of Conical Hat (Caping), the group of housewives of Conical Hat craftsmen is still low compared to the same production in the market, so training and mentoring of Conical Hat craftsmen groups are needed to optimize production quality, to attract interest from consumers. Furthermore, the market share of Conical Hat crafted by women's groups is still limited to the local market by conducting techniques and assistance in marketing handicraft products.

Achieving economic sustainability in the garment manufacturing industry necessitates the implementation of several strategic measures. Basic strategies like adoption of automation, utilization of sustainable energy sources, diversification of markets and products, enhancement of supply chain resilience, etc. lead to the attainment of economic sustainability in the garment manufacturing industry. Additionally, the underlying component of these strategies for ensuring economic sustainability is the minimization of process waste, which can be effectively achieved through the application of lean manufacturing principles, specifically targeting the elimination of Muri, Mura, and Muda. This strategic commitment ensures business longevity amid evolving industrial landscapes, fostering innovation and competitiveness. In emerging economies like Bangladesh, pinpointing precise approaches to reduce waste is vital. This study explores into Muri, Mura, and Muda in the RMG sector, utilizing Pareto analysis, Fuzzy theory, Total Interpretative Structural Modeling (TISM), and Matriced’ Impacts Cruoses Multiplication Applique an un Classement (MICMAC) analysis. After the initial identification of 21 (twenty) factors, Pareto analysis pinpointed the primary 16 (sixteen) factors. Subsequently, these factors underwent analysis through fuzzy TISM and fuzzy MICMAC. The results highlighted ‘‘Demand variation’’, ‘‘Supplier variation’’, ‘‘Workforce variation’’, and ‘‘Energy supply variation’’ as the most crucial factors. The novelty of this study lies in exploring Muri and Mura factors in correlation with Muda employing the existing hybrid and effective methodology that combines Pareto analysis, Fuzzy MICMAC, and Fuzzy TISM methodologies. It offers fresh perspectives on their significance for economic sustainability in the garment sector. Prior research has not explored this integrated approach to reduce process waste by addressing Muri and Mura factors in emerging economies’ garment industries. This research is poised to significantly impact waste reduction in the RMG sector, enhancing competitiveness, appealing to environmentally conscious consumers, and ensuring industry standards adherence essential for sustained success. The contribution of this research is grounded in helping the practitioners and entrepreneurs in developing nations make strategic choices that will lead to the RMG sector’s resilience and, ultimately, economic sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability is an important aspect of all areas of life, including nutrition and dietetic practice. The Sustainability Development Goals are 17 goals set by the United Nations as a guideline on how the global population can be more sustainable moving into the future. Opportunities are available for nutrition and dietetic professionals to be involved in making changes and supporting the SDGs. Yet, there are limited studies exploring Irish dietitians’ perceptions and experiences of sustainability. An online survey consisting of 16 questions exploring familiarity with, as well as personal and professional perceptions of, sustainability was circulated to Irish dietitians by the Irish Nutrition and Dietetic Institute and promoted online through social media platforms (Twitter and Facebook). The survey was open for four weeks (18 October–16 November 2021) and was housed in Qualtrics and analysed using SPSS. A total of 102 Irish dietitians completed the survey (n = 100, 98% female). Most (96.1%) reported that sustainability is very important or important and 81.4% felt that it was very important or important in dietetic practice. Overall, participants were more familiar with environmental sustainability, e.g., widespread availability (79.4%), climate change (89.2%) and some concepts under economic, social, and general sustainability. They were most unfamiliar with agricultural sustainability concepts, e.g., use of food and agricultural policies (36.2% were familiar). This study illustrates the importance that Irish dietitians place on sustainability, aspects they feel confident in and areas for future education and support.

The purpose of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive study of economic security in the EU Member States and Ukraine, to identify differences and to propose targeted policy interventions based on these differences. Methodology. The study uses a quantitative strategy that assigns numerical ratings to countries based on their performance against predefined thresholds for various economic security indicators. These indicators include industrial security, demographic security, energy security, foreign trade security, investment and innovation security, macroeconomic security, food security, social security and financial security. The study uses data from a variety of sources and applies a ranking system to reflect the level of economic security in each category. Results. The analysis revealed significant differences in the levels of economic security between EU Member States and Ukraine. The main findings include differences in agricultural efficiency, healthcare system efficiency, renewable energy consumption, trade balance, research and development expenditure, and socio-economic factors. For example, countries such as Belgium and Ireland have high yields, while Cyprus and Romania have much lower yields. Life expectancy and the quality of healthcare also vary: Spain and Sweden lead the way, while Bulgaria and Ukraine lag behind. Practical implications. The findings suggest the need for targeted policies and technological advances to improve economic security. For the younger generation, marketing strategies based on brand equity and exclusivity can continue even during economic downturns. For the older generation, strategies that focus on value for money or lower prices may be more effective. Understanding these metrics can help businesses align their strategies with national economic priorities and identify potential areas for investment and growth. Value / Оriginality. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a detailed comparative analysis of economic security in the EU Member States and Ukraine, filling a gap in the understanding of the multifaceted aspects of economic security in these regions.

Subject. The global economic crisis of 2008, geopolitical crises between 2014 and 2023 and the socio-economic consequences of the COVID‑19 pandemic have a significant negative impact on the stock markets. The result of this influence is a significant increase in stock market volatility and instability. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for assessing thesustainability of the stock market and, on its basis, carrying out a comparative analysis of the sustainability of the stock markets of the Russian Federation and the USA. Methodology. Systematic and comparative analysis is used, as well as statistical methods and methods of the theory of cenoses. Scientific novelty: a dimensionless indicator of the stability of the economic system of stock market companies has been developed. Results. A methodology is proposed for assessing the sustainability of stock market issuing companies based on its model — economic cenosis. Within the framework of this methodology, a cenological analysis of structural changes and stability of the economic system under consideration is carried out. The developed methodology was tested based on the capitalization data of 100 companies listed on the Moscow Exchange and the S&P 500 index. A comparative analysis of the stability of the stock markets of the Russian Federation and the United States showed a sufficient degree of stability of the Russian stock market in relation to one of the most developed stock markets in the world — the US stock market. Conclusions. The proposed methodology makes it possible to assess the sustainability of the stock market as a unified economic system of issuing companies based on their key parameter — capitalization. Maximizing the sustainability indicator makes it possible to determine the potential investment valuation of the selected company shares, provided that the economic system of the stock market, in the process of its evolution, strives for its most stable state. Practical significance. The results and conclusions of the article may be in demand not only by regulatory organizations and stock market participants, but also by potential ordinary investors.

Abstract Today's banking industry achieving sustainable profitability necessitates by integrating economic, environmental, and social factors due to pressing environmental concerns. This study investigates the impact of sustainability on financial performance in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) banking sector, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Bootstrapping ARDL approaches on data from 2002 to 2022. The analysis revealed that economic sustainability, environmental and social sustainability exhibit a significant impact on financial performance in the short run and the long run at a (p

Purpose: is to form a conceptual approach to the analysis of the macroeconomic effects of external sanctions based on increasing the information content of the use of technical indicators in assessing the stability and vulnerability of the national economy to the effects of discriminatory restrictions in foreign economic activity. Methods: the study is based on the processing and analysis of data obtained as a result of content analysis of a significant number of scientific, scientific-practical, and expert sources of information.Methods of scientific generalization and classification, economic, expert and statistical analysis were used.Results: the analysis of the impact of sanctions restrictions on the key indicators of the characteristics of sustainable and innovative development of the discriminated national economy is carried out. An approach to assessing the impact of sanctions is presented based on a conjugate analysis of the dynamics of target groupings of indicators. An example of calculations, visualization and interpretation of the results of assessing sanctions resistance and export-import dependence of the national economy based on a set of technical indicators for significant areas of socio-economic development of the discriminated country is illustrated. The scope of application of the proposed approach in the formation of the development strategy and program (in terms of the implementation of the process of import substitution, ensuring technological independence and structural adaptation of the economy) is justified, taking into account the risks of sanctions restrictions.Conclusions and Relevance: the proposed approach to the analysis of sanctions restrictions based on the combined use of technical criteria for the dynamics of grouped indicators provides an increase in the reliability of estimates of their negative impact. However, aggregated estimates do not allow us to justify selective and targeted measures aimed at adapting the institutional and organizational conditions of the activities of specific economic agents in key areas of the national economy. A possible direction for further research may be the development of methodological and analytical tools for assessing the sanctions stability of economic sectors to substantiate the priorities of ensuring their technological independence.

The dairy industry plays a vital role in the global food system, providing a wide range of dairy products that are consumed by millions of people worldwide. Dairy farming provides a daily source of income, creating employment opportunities not only on farms, but also in transportation, milk processing, and the agricultural supply and services sectors. The increasingly pressing challenges and the high competition in the dairy industry, particularly in saturated markets, emphasize the importance for farms to undertake a comprehensive economic sustainability analysis that extends beyond mere yield monitoring. Empirical studies have found a weak adoption of robust performance measurement and control systems in dairy farms. Given the intricate macroeconomic landscape in developed nations and the imperative to address the multifaceted challenges of the industry, this study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) to evaluate whether academic research offers adequate guidance on economic performance indicators. The study finds out that the current repertoire of indicators, while relevant and partially related to quality attributes, fails to encapsulate the intricate interplay of variables and the nature of economic sustainability, highlighting the need to adopt additional indicators into the dimensions of operational efficiency and effectiveness, strategic investments, and financial strength.

Ensuring the long-term sustainability of food systems and the welfare of current and future generations depends critically on the economic and environmental sustainability of agricultural production. Implementing strategies that maximize resource use, reduce environmental effect, and guarantee profitability is necessary to achieve economic and environmental sustainability at the crop level. Farmers need to be able to support their costs of production and crop sales through agriculture. In order to sell their goods at competitive prices, farmers must handle problems including market monopolies, price instability, and fair trading practices. The use of land, water, fertilizer, and pesticides affects production costs and earnings. Farmers can employ a variety of techniques, including as crop rotation, cover crops, agro forestry, organic farming, carbon sequestration and decreased tillage, which enhance soil health and lessen erosion, to preserve environmental sustainability. Water management strategies, such rainwater collection, drip irrigation, and water recycling, are used to save water and ease the strain on freshwater resources. Moreover, using drones and global positioning system-guided tractors maximizes input application, lowers fuel consumption, and boosts overall agricultural productivity. Beneficial insects, birds, and other animals find a home when hedgerows, buffer strips, and wildlife corridors are kept up around and inside fields at crop level. Farmers may improve the resilience, profitability, and long-term viability of their farms while reducing their negative environmental effects and advancing wider sustainability goals by incorporating economic management, environmental and social sustainability concepts at the farm level. Economic management, which lowers market risk and stabilizes farm revenue, involves cost analysis, budgeting, and community supported agriculture. The goals of integrated pest management and organic farming are to preserve the sustainable environment, control diseases and pests at the farm level, and use less chemicals overall. In order to ensure social sustainability, farm workers must engage with their local communities and customers, support resilient local food systems, and have safe working conditions, access to healthcare, and an education that upholds human dignity and social equality. To address the problem of unsustainable production practices, accounting for them by bringing all aspects of sustainability under a single umbrella is paramount. In spite of widespread interest in sustainability in agriculture production at the crop level, very little work has been done towards measuring the economic and environmental sustainability of individual crops at the farm level, particularly in developing countries like India. In the present study, a framework was developed that determines the sustainability of a particular crop's output using farm level information. Micro level indicators of sustainability only for the relevant dimensions of sustainability, viz., economic and environmental sustainability, were compiled and evaluated for their relevance, usefulness, and measurability for agriculture at the crop level. The sustainability scores of farmers were found to be 50.99 and 67.65 under the composite sustainability score under rainfed conditions. The composite sustainability scores for the composite environmental conditions were found to be 45.58 and 40.03 under rainfed and irrigated conditions, respectively. The economic sustainability indicator weights were found to be 30, 30, 15, 15, and 10 for the economic sustainable indicators 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively. A further procedure for deriving composite indicators by aggregating individual indicators has been provided. The long-term viability of two sample respondents growing tomatoes was evaluated, demonstrating the applicability of the framework of agricultural production that balances environmental and economic sustainability at the crop level.

Background At the international level, the survival of exporting companies represents a critical issue in a context of heightened uncertainty and intensified competition within the framework of the country’s commercial opening. This is a context in which different companies are born and die as a result of the interaction between the market and other factors. The objective of this research was to analysis of the survival of exporting agricultural companies in Peru, 2009-2019. To this end, data from the Commission for the Promotion of Peru for Exports and Tourism (Promperu) was utilised. Methods The methodological contribution of the research is based on the quantitative approach, of basic type with a descriptive elk; being the population that involves a total of data of the agricultural exporting companies of Peru in the period 2009-2019 and the sample is census and the non-parametric statistical technique used was the Kaplan Meier estimate for the estimation of the survival rate. Results Exports of Peru’s non-traditional agricultural sector in FOB value have had an average annual growth of 12% in terms of FOB value and 9% in terms of volume exported; the entry rate of new agro-exporting agricultural companies reached an average growth of 2.3% and the exit rate reached an average of 2.2% in the period 2009-2019. Conclusions The survival of exporting companies in the non-traditional agricultural sector is critical, where 89% of them survive only one year, while in the second year only 75% survive and in the sixth year only 33% survive.

The dairy industry plays a vital role in the global food system, providing a wide range of dairy products that are consumed by millions of people worldwide. Dairy farming provides a daily source of income, creating employment opportunities not only on farms, but also in transportation, milk processing, and the agricultural supply and services sectors. The increasingly pressing challenges and the high competition in the dairy industry, particularly in saturated markets, emphasize the importance for farms to undertake a comprehensive economic sustainability analysis that extends beyond mere yield monitoring. Empirical studies have found a weak adoption of robust performance measurement and control systems in dairy farms. Given the intricate macroeconomic landscape in developed nations and the imperative to address the multifaceted challenges of the industry, this study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) to evaluate whether academic research offers adequate guidance on economic performance indicators. The study finds out that the current repertoire of indicators, while relevant and partially related to quality attributes, fails to encapsulate the intricate interplay of variables and the nature of economic sustainability, highlighting the need to adopt additional indicators into the dimensions of operational efficiency and effectiveness, strategic investments, and financial strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable development of the economy is the goal of every country in the world. The economic growth of China is accepted worldwide, but the Chinese economy also suffers from an economic crisis. The role of the Chinese government is important for chinses businesses and the economic sustainability of the country. The theoretical framework of this study is designed to determine the impact of globalization and sustainable development policy on fair trade and economic sustainability in China. A questionnaire based on Likert scale were employed with a random sampling technique to collect the cross-sectional data for this research and 1094 responses were collected at the rate of 55%. AMOS statistics tool was employed for the findings of this study based on a research questionnaire. The research concludes that globalization and sustainable development policy have a significant impact on fair trade and economic sustainability in China. This study introduced a new framework related to economic sustainability in the body of knowledge. The theoretical and practical implications of this study have significance for literature and practitioners in China to achieve sustainability in the economy. The research is novel as it highlighted the importance of globalization and sustainable development policy for fair trade and economic development in China. Accordingly, it would be helpful for the policy makers to have reliable decisions for sustainable development and promotion of fair trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Buildings and other constructed facilities form the essential framework of a country's physical and economic infrastructure. Construction serves as a key capital input to production, driving economic growth and wealth generation. This impact can be particularly transformative in low-to-middle-income countries. Physical infrastructure, including construction, is a powerful engine of economic growth and is closely related to national economic performance. However, not all studies agree with the commonly held belief that construction investment has a positive impact on economic growth, particularly concerning the amount of investment and the relationship between construction investment and economic growth. So far, cross-country studies dealing with the construction sector-economic growth relationship have used indicators of national output and construction that are not strictly comparable between countries. This article reviews the main strands of the literature on the role that the construction sector plays in the national economy and economic development. It also uses novel data drawn from the capital file of the PENN World Table (version 10.1) to assess the development pattern of the construction sector in two groups of sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries on the middle-income status of economic development, for the period between 1990 and 2019. The study reveals that construction shares, measured as the proportion of gross fixed capital formation attributable to construction in the gross domestic product, revolve around a norm determined by the level of built assets preceding the reference period. The results of the study could have policy implications for the economic sustainability of the construction industry in SSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article's goal is to explore how the economic, social, and environmental sustainability accounting components affect decision-making (DM) in the industrial sector of Sudan. This can assist companies in understanding and disclosing the benefits and drawbacks of their activities. The practical significance of scientific research is found in the way that the research conclusions will help to clarify sustainability-related concerns and reinforce Sudanese industrial businesses' dedication to them. Furthermore, there aren't many studies that address this subject in the context of Sudan. The results of the research show that the economic dimension has a positive impact on decision-making in the Sudanese industrial sector. It was also found that the social dimension plays a part in DM. On the other hand, DM Sudanese industrial businesses lack an environmental dimension. According to the study's recommendations, accounting regulators must develop guidelines and frameworks to help accountants measure and disclose sustainability information. Future research should continue to examine the impacts of sustainability development issues on Sudanese manufacturing firms to raise awareness of sustainability issues among accountants and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to determine the role of 2017-2021 general state tax amendments in terms of economic development and improvement of the business environment in Georgia. The following factors were used To evaluate the effectiveness of the tax burden: How the tax system is adjusted to the payer, whether it contributes to economic progress, and what the scope of taxes is. Tax policy experts were interviewed and asked to discuss tax policy reform objectives, options, and mechanisms. The interviews were semi-structured, supported by a briefing document and a topical guide, audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. The efficiency of implemented changes for the EU Association Agreement was also evaluated. Compared to Georgian tax policy, EU tax policy is more liberal. The research revealed opportunities, future perspectives, and the significance of tax reforms and their positive effect on businesses. Based on in-depth interview findings, a detailed analysis of the financial sector is offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Companies worldwide are moving towards sustainability by focusing on its three dimensions: environmental, economic, and social sustainability. This study explores how sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) takes the changing role to affect these three dimensions. Since organizations vary in size, we post and test relationships regarding how firm size can impact the implementation of SSCM practices as a moderator. We posit an empirical research model and test this using structural equation modeling with survey data from 392 managers across various Jordanian manufacturing firms. This study assessed the link between five categories of SSCM practices and TBL performance. We found that firm size is critical and moderates the positive SSCM relationship with economic and social performances. Results shed new light on SSCM and its impacts on environmental, economic, and social performance. According to the study findings, environmental management practices and supply chain integration influenced all sustainability dimensions, whereas socially inclusive community practices influenced none. Furthermore, operations had an impact on economic sustainability. Finally, socially inclusive employee practices had a significant impact on both environmental and economic sustainability. Findings show that when implementing SSCM, larger firms perform better on multiple sustainability measures compared to smaller firms. The model's integration of firm size as a moderator provides additional insights regarding the SSCM construct and its change agent role in stimulating sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship is important for economic progress, but sustainable business practices are necessary for long-term success. The factors influencing sustainable business practices in new businesses include entrepreneurial values, available resources and market demand for sustainability. This research focuses on exploring how economic, social and environmental sustainability factors impact the empowerment of startup entrepreneurs in India. By analysing these variables, the study aims to provide valuable insights into entrepreneurship in India. To achieve its objective, this study used survey techniques and collected data from 384 startup entrepreneurs in India through formal standardised questionnaires. The detailed profile obtained from the survey was used to evaluate the study's objective. The study used quantitative methods to analyse primary data and answer research questions related to the significance of sustainability factors in the empowerment of startupreneurs. The analysis showed that a higher focus on economic sustainability is linked to better success and innovation among startups. Additionally, environmental sustainability was found to have a significant impact on startup entrepreneurs' empowerment. The research concludes that economic and environmental sustainability factors are significant for the empowerment of startupreneurs in India. The findings provide insights into startups to succeed and maintain a competitive edge while contributing to socio-economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the environmental and economic impacts of chemical fertilizer and pesticide use in paddy fields in Edirne Province, Türkiye. Chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, are crucial for boosting paddy yield and ensuring food security. However, recent trends indicate significant potassium deficiency and excessive pesticide use, leading to environmental degradation and higher production costs. Incorrect fertilization techniques and pesticide usage can lower product quality and yield, adversely affecting farmers' incomes and the national economy. Surveying 139 paddy farmers, the research found that farmers apply the herbicidal active ingredients Tefuryltrione, Clomazone, Tembotrione, and Quinclorac at rates of 129.35%, 34.27%, 18.06%, and 155.29% above the recommended levels, respectively. The excessive use of pesticides costs each farmer an additional USD 925.67, totaling USD 5.32 million for Edirne. The majority of farmers (69.2%) do not conduct soil analysis, indicating a potential gap in adopting the best practices for soil management and fertilization. Farmers use 84% less potassium than recommended while applying nitrogen and phosphorus 13% and 14% above the recommended levels, respectively. The extra cost of fertilizer use in Edirne is calculated as USD 833,135.49. This situation harms the economy and may have adverse effects on the environment and potential health effects on consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today's banking industry achieving sustainable profitability necessitates by integrating economic, environmental, and social factors due to pressing environmental concerns. This study investigates the impact of sustainability on financial performance in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) banking sector, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Bootstrapping ARDL approaches on data from 2002 to 2022. The analysis revealed that economic sustainability, environmental and social sustainability exhibit a significant impact on financial performance in the short run and the long run at a (p < 0.05). 1% of economic sustainability activities increases Return on Assets (ROA) by 0.73 and Return on Equity (ROE) by 0.64. 1% of environmental sustainability activities decreases ROA by −0.28 and increases ROE by 0.35. 1% of social sustainability activities increases ROA by 0.47 and ROE by 0.42. To improve long-term profitability, this study emphasizes how crucial it is for the banking industry in the UAE to strategically integrate sustainability principles. These findings highlight the need to promote sustainability in the banking sector for environmental improvement, offering insights for UAE regulators and stimulating additional research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the transformative role of digital platforms in fostering sustainable entrepreneurship within emerging economies. We argue that platforms transcend mere communication channels, acting as catalysts for innovation and collaboration among startups, thereby driving economic, social, and environmental progress. Our framework emphasizes platform-enabled startups, navigating the unique challenges and opportunities presented by these dynamic markets. We adopt a dual lens, using a mixed-methods approach to analyze digital development trends through the prism of platforms in emerging economies. This reframes the discourse on technology-driven development, acknowledging the unidirectional flow of platform adoption from developed nations. The research emphasizes the need for prioritizing sustainability standards in these regions. Furthermore, we delve into the interplay between platforms and sustainable entrepreneurship with the following three objectives: (1) deciphering the drivers of platform–startup interaction for sustainability goals, (2) formulating policies to maximize platform benefits while mitigating risks, and (3) developing actionable strategies for stakeholders to cultivate a thriving ecosystem of sustainable platform-based ventures. The findings of this study reveal six key uncertainties that will shape the future trajectories of sustainable entrepreneurship within digital ecosystems, particularly in developing nations. These uncertainties encompass the following: environmental and social standards, ongoing education and development, mobile application development and utilization, global market access, and competitiveness and value creation. Several alternative future scenarios have been constructed based on these uncertainties, including advancements in digital technologies, dynamic market conditions and evolving consumer behaviors, a heightened emphasis on sustainability and corporate social responsibility, and a paradigm shift towards collaborative business models. A comprehensive framework of supportive policies and interventions has been proposed to facilitate the realization of these scenarios. Moreover, the analysis underscores the pivotal roles of digital platform providers and startups as key stakeholders in this evolving landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) show the breadth of the concept of sustainability and indicate the changes that are needed to provide a future for next generations. A quantitative approach allows the performance of several countries to be framed to assess the state of progress. This work is based on multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) in which 58 indicators referring to the period 2018–2020 are considered and the performance of 27 European countries is compared. The MCDA makes it possible to calculate a SDG Index that rewards Sweden with positive results also for the Netherlands, Denmark, and Finland. The overall value is broken down by the three dimensions of sustainability (economic, environmental and social) in which again Sweden excels and has also a leadership position in two macro-goals such as security and energy. In contrast, Denmark prevails in innovative future and Netherlands in waste circularity. The main implications of this work confirm that Europe is proceeding to the SDGs goals in an uneven manner, and therefore, there is a need to identify a program that will see greater cooperation among several countries. In fact, Europe will be united when it pursues together a pragmatic vision of sustainability that goes beyond ideology in order to identify solutions that will benefit more stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's era, environmental concerns are given equal importance to economic growth to attain sustainability. By implementing economic strategies, we can achieve economic enrichment, while adopting pollution prevention practices can lead to environmental and economic improvements. Therefore, this study examines the impact of pollution prevention practices on the economic and environmental sustainability of nine Asian countries. This study utilizes data from selected economically thriving Asian countries and employs the ARDL approach using EViews v10 for estimation. This study holds great significance for these states, as they are the most vulnerable to global warming and adverse effects of climate change. Furthermore, the findings of this study have policy implications for Asian economies and other developing nations, providing guidelines for governments and policymakers to effectively sustain their environmental resources for both current and future use, while simultaneously boosting their economic and environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the global pursuit of balancing economic growth with environmental and social sustainability within the tourism sector, sustainable tourism has garnered paramount attention. This research delves into the complex interplay among government policies, tourism supply chain behavior, and sustainability dimensions within the context of Zimbabwean tourism. A quantitative approach was employed, collecting data from 721 Zimbabwean tourism supply chain representatives using stratified random sampling and the Krejcie and Morgan table a method of determining the sample size. Questionnaires were distributed via Google Forms, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized for data analysis. The results provide strong empirical evidence that government policies have a significant positive effect on sustainability dimensions related to the tourism industry. The data indicates robust positive relationships between government policies and economic, environmental, and social sustainability. Furthermore, tourism supply chain behavior is shown to be a meaningful mediator between government policies and multiple sustainability outcomes. This emphasizes the significance of collaborative efforts, responsible practices, and harmonized actions within the tourism supply chain in achieving sustainable tourism. The study illuminates avenues for improving tourism sustainability, enhances policy makers and readers understanding on how policy‐driven efforts and tourism supply chain dynamics jointly impact tourism sustainability, there by emphasizing the need for coordinated actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using Lean Manufacturing (LM) tools in production processes is crucial for companies' economic, environmental, and social sustainability success. This study shows a structural equation model (SEM) that shows the relationship between LM Tools like Kaizen (KAI), Gemba (GEM), Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and Key Performance Indicator (KPI) with Economic Sustainability (ECS). Seven hypotheses were evaluated with data from 179 responses to a questionnaire about the Mexican maquiladora industry, showing that these variables are linked. At a 95% confidence level, the model was evaluated using the partial least squares method. The findings indicate that the relationships between KAI and GEM and KAI and VSM have the strongest relationship, followed by VSM and ECS; however, VSM has the strongest effect on ECS. Based on these findings, it is recommended that managers adopt a continuous improvement (KAI) approach based on working directly on the shop floor (GEM and VSM) to support their decisions regarding economic growth (ECS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Like many other Indonesian cities, traditional markets in Banjarmasin City are grappling with significant challenges amid the rapidly evolving digital marketing landscape. With the exponential growth of e-commerce and online platforms, consumer behavior has undergone a seismic shift, presenting traditional markets with formidable obstacles to maintaining competitiveness. This study aims to develop a model of policy collaboration between traditional market traders and local SMEs to address the digital marketing challenges faced by Banjarmasin City. Employing a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with traditional market traders and local SME owners in Banjarmasin City. Thematic analysis of the gathered data revealed the primary challenges confronting both parties and informed the development of an effective model of policy collaboration. Findings underscore the importance of collaboration between traditional market traders and local SMEs in navigating the digital marketing landscape. The proposed model of policy collaboration includes initiatives to bolster digital infrastructure in traditional markets, provide digital marketing training to traders and local SME owners, and foster collaboration between parties to devise effective marketing strategies. Establishing a model of policy collaboration between traditional market traders and local SMEs is pivotal in ensuring the sustainability and competitiveness of traditional markets in Banjarmasin City. This approach holds promise in fortifying the local business ecosystem and fostering sustainable economic growth at the grassroots level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Safavid Empire's urbanization process led to significant progressions in the textile industry, particularly silk production, and trade emerged as vital elements of the Iranian economy. State-sponsored weaving shops were mostly established in major towns such as Isfahan, Shirvan, and Kashan that wove silk fabrics, producing the most valuable inputs for Iran's economic and political relationships with both Eastern and Western powers. These weaving activities began around Shah Ismail's reign before they fell into a momentary decline on account of an impending threat from Ottomans, but they were later reignited by Shah Abbas I. By monopolizing the silk trade and integrating it into a state-controlled system, he turned into Silk Iran's most important export item, also promoting its production through making Gilan and Mazandaran royal provinces. This enabled firm trading ties with the West while making Iranian silk known globally. In the later periods of the Safavid Empire as well, during the time of Shah Sultan Hussein, production and trade of silk continued to be significant. However, there was a gradual decrease in demand for Iranian silk from bordering nations. Nevertheless, silk trade and textile production in Safavid Iran have left an indelible mark that has made them memorable in the annals of world textile commerce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the implications of electoral freebies for public policy and economic sustainability in India. The research uses a mixed methods approach that includes both qualitative and quantitative analysis to examine the impact of welfare programs on fiscal deficits and economic growth in selected states of Telangana, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Delhi, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh. Surveys, structured interviews with policymakers and economists, and focus group discussions were used to collect primary data, and secondary data were obtained from government reports, academic journals, and statistical databases. The results show a strong positive correlation between electoral freebies and fiscal deficits, indicating that spending on welfare programs tends to be accompanied by lower economic growth rates. The study shows the consequences of government support dependency and its demand for balanced welfare policies, which complement each other -- guaranteeing financial sustainability and social needs. The results highlight the need for strategic policy formulation that not only provides immediate relief but also helps India achieve long-term economic independence in its complex socio-economic landscape. The research makes a case for targeted welfare schemes that do not reduce fiscal health while still promoting economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Applying bokashi (Bok) at 10% volume/volume (v/v), biochar (BC) at 10% v/v, and their combination (Bok_BC) as soil amendments significantly enhances citrus nursery production, improving plant growth and soil health, alongside offering notable economic benefits. Our greenhouse experiment evaluated these treatments across two fertilizer doses, at half (700 μS/cm) and full (1400 μS/cm) electrical conductivity (EC) levels, compared to a control mix, demonstrating improved nutrient availability, water retention, growth rates, and potential for carbon sequestration. Based on the results of this experiment, a cost–benefit analysis was performed; the BC treatment yielded substantial savings, particularly in large nurseries where BC at 700 μS/cm electrical conductivity (EC) saved USD 1356.38 per day and the same treatment at 1400 μS/cm EC saved USD 1857.53. These savings stem from increased nutrient contents (N, P, and K) and improved water retention, reducing irrigation; shortened growth cycles due to enhanced growth rates were observed, indirectly suggesting reduced electricity costs for greenhouse operations. Additionally, the increased carbon content within the soil points toward long-term benefits from carbon sequestration, further contributing to the sustainability and economic viability of these practices. These findings highlight the economic advantage of incorporating Bok and BC into soil mixes, providing a cost-effective strategy for enhancing greenhouse agriculture sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the contemporary landscape of corporate governance, where organizations are increasingly recognizing the importance of not only generating profits but also contributing to societal progress and environmental preservation, there arises a pressing requirement for a comprehensive financial index that accurately captures these multifaceted commitments. In this study, we introduce a novel sustainable finance index that utilizes the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) method to comprehensively capture the three fundamental dimensions of sustainability: economic, social, and environmental aspects. The GRA methodology ensures a comprehensive and balanced consideration of each dimension, thereby providing a holistic perspective. The deployment of this index, which encompasses a wide range of criteria, on an extensive 11-year financial dataset (2010–2021) obtained from 21 prominent commercial banks, reveals fascinating and thought-provoking findings. Banks frequently demonstrate intermittent commitments, wherein their pursuit of short-term gains often takes precedence over the imperative of economic sustainability. While some banks have been notable champions of social endeavors, it is concerning to observe that environmental sustainability has unfortunately taken a backseat in the overall banking landscape. This index provides a meticulous assessment of sustainable financial paradigms, ensuring accuracy and reliability. It serves as a valuable resource, enhancing the quality of research and providing corporations with a sophisticated framework to evaluate and enhance their sustainable financial paths. Plain language summary: We conducted a study with the aim of creating a comprehensive scoring system for businesses, allowing them to evaluate not just their profit-making abilities, but also their contributions to society and the environment. Using a method known as Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), we ensured that three primary areas: economic performance, societal contributions, and environmental protection, received equal emphasis in our scoring system. We then tested this on the financial records of 21 major banks, spanning 11 years from 2010 to 2021. Our findings indicated that while some banks excelled in specific areas, none consistently performed well across all three. For instance, a bank might be actively supporting societal initiatives but might lag in environmental conservation efforts. The significance of our work lies in its potential to guide banks and other businesses in identifying areas of improvement. Additionally, our scoring system can serve as a tool for researchers keen on delving deeper into the field of sustainable finance. However, it's worth noting that our study has its limitations. Our focus was solely on large commercial banks within a specific timeframe, which means the results might not resonate with smaller banks or other business sectors. Also, while our evaluation method strives for balance, there's scope for refining it further to cater to the evolving landscape of sustainable finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good land management provides protection against land degradation for long-term and effective use. A survey was conducted among students in Kazakhstan for an internal assessment of the education quality. It was found that for ensuring competent land management, state financial support and external investment have to meet the needs for working capital and improve the quality of the material and technical base and staff; the quality education of new experts and their motivation have to be ensured; innovations introduction in the agricultural sector and long-term planning with centralized control have prospects for increasing economic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban areas have been significantly affected by climate change, leading to an increase in global temperatures. Nature-based solutions, including Vertical Greenery Systems (VGSs), are gaining increasing importance as means of mitigating the effects of climate change. Despite showing significant benefits, the adoption of VGS has been limited, primarily because of the high costs associated with it. This study assessed the economic feasibility of using VGSs to reduce the effects of climate change and enhance urban sustainability. 17 studies were evaluated in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to determine various costs, benefits, and economic indicators associated with VGS. Additionally, the net present value, internal rate of return, and payback period were thoroughly evaluated to gain insight into their long-term economic sustainability. The results show that, although the initial cost of VGS may be high, it can provide long-term financial benefits to building owners and operators through energy savings, increased property values, and reduced operational expenses. Nevertheless, the extended payback period and negative net present values for certain VGS types make them economically unsustainable. This review provides evidence-based guidelines and suggestions for the successful implementation of sustainable VGS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Global Journal of Environmental Science & Management (GJESM) is the property of Global Journal of Environmental Science & Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)