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Quebec jurisprudence in civil matters constitutes a valuable source for the history of work and employment. It reveals a vast range of conflicts experienced among workers during the transition to industrial capitalism and the way in which the judicial system proceeded to regulate such conflicts. Working with 128 reported cases, the author examines the fate of lawsuits filed by – or against – ordinary workers, factory workers, day labourers and carters, workers directly affected by the levy of surplus value generated by physical labor and through the free play of power relations in the economic world. Six categories of disputes mark this jurisprudence: divisions established by law among manual labour (notably under the legislation on masters and servants); failure to pay wages; the difficult implementation of worker privileges; challenges to employer discipline; the imposition of damages during work; and, finally, the hazards of seizures carried out against workers. Many indicators betray the incapacity of bringing together civil law and civil justice, as instruments of social regulation, in order to take precautions against the profound fragility of wage-earning status in the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines the most popular videos of the five Spanish political influencers with the largest subscriber bases in the "News and Politics" category on YouTube. The technique of qualitative content analysis is employed to identify the main themes of the videos and describe the manner in which they are addressed, as well as the approaches and tone used. The findings indicate the presence of recurring themes, including feminism, economic liberalism, and media independence, among the most popular videos with the audience. However, there are also notable differences in the thematic and stylistic approaches of the YouTubers under study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ion Ionescu de la Brad (Roman, June 24 / July 6, 1818 – Brad, December 16/28, 1891) was an agronomist, the founder of the Romanian agronomic education, an 1848 revolutionary, the most important Romanian agricultural economist of the 19th century. Our paper aims at emphasizing the national and original character of his economic thinking, as well as the theoretical and ideological basis of the solutions he suggested for solving the agrarian problem.

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Políticas y Sociológicas (RIPS) is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Democrat Party era (1950-1960) sparked radical changes in Turkey. The economic practices of the party administration during the country's administration, as well as some of the negativities it created in the political and social field, have long been on Turkey's agenda. This agenda continued even after the May 27th 1960 Military Coup removed the party from power. The Turkish Constitution of 1961, which was put into effect after the coup, created an environment suitable for looking at various problems of society from different perspectives. This environment was also reflected in the cinema, paving the way for the birth of a movement called Social Realism in Turkish Cinema. It is thought that the Social Realist Movement (1960-1965) and some of the films shot under the influence of this movement mirror the economic policies implemented during the Democrat Party era and the adverse developments it brought with it. In the study, the reflections on the harmful effects of the Democrat Party's economic policies on social realist films in Turkish Cinema are discussed. The films selected within the scope of the study were criticized through critical discourse analysis, historical, sociological, and ideological criticism methods, and the political, sociological, and class aspects of the Democrat Party's policies, as well as their economic aspects, were analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ion Ghica (Bucharest, August 12, 1816 - Ghergani, May 7, 1897) was a Romanian engineer, writer and politician. He was among the first to try to adapt the ideas of the liberal economic school to the realities that existed in our country back then. He actively fought for the development of the national economy through increasing production in quantity and quality and through building railways. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize not only Ghica’s contributions to adapting classical liberal economic ideas to the Romanian socio-economic conditions in those times but also the specific elements of his economic thinking.

Nicolae Şuţu (Arnăut-Keuy, October 25, 1798-Făurei, January 10, 1871) was a Romanian economist, writer and statesman. He contributed to spreading the ideas of economic liberalism all over the Romanian Principalities, as well as to putting those ideas into practice. The measures he brought forward and the efforts he made in order to accomplish them make him an important reformer of his country. The purpose of this paper is to present the author’s main economic ideas in a scientifically explanatory manner and to draw a correlation between them and the principal economic ideology of those times.

The Democrat Party era (1950-1960) sparked radical changes in Turkey. The economic practices of the party administration during the country's administration, as well as some of the negativities it created in the political and social field, have long been on Turkey's agenda. This agenda continued even after the May 27th 1960 Military Coup removed the party from power. The Turkish Constitution of 1961, which was put into effect after the coup, created an environment suitable for looking at various problems of society from different perspectives. This environment was also reflected in the cinema, paving the way for the birth of a movement called Social Realism in Turkish Cinema. It is thought that the Social Realist Movement (1960-1965) and some of the films shot under the influence of this movement mirror the economic policies implemented during the Democrat Party era and the adverse developments it brought with it. In the study, the reflections on the harmful effects of the Democrat Party's economic policies on social realist films in Turkish Cinema are discussed. The films selected within the scope of the study were criticized through critical discourse analysis, historical, sociological, and ideological criticism methods, and the political, sociological, and class aspects of the Democrat Party's policies, as well as their economic aspects, were analyzed.

Given the neoliberal agenda implemented by Paulo Guedes's Ministry of the Economy, the Bolsonaro government's nationalist stance has prompted academic debates over its rationales. Once the populist and conservative foundations of that nationalism are understood, however, there is no contradiction between it and Bolsonaro's economic policy. La agenda neoliberal implementada por el Ministerio de Economía de Paulo Guedes aparentemente cuestiona la postura nacionalista del gobierno de Bolsonaro y ha provocado debates académicos en torno a sus razones fundamentales. Sin embargo, una vez que se entienden las razones populistas y el conservatismo detrás de dicho nacionalismo, no hay contradicción entre estas y la política económica de Bolsonaro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mineral resources as natural capital can be transformed into human, social and physical capital, that guarantees the sustainable development of a country, exclusively through professional public management. Public management of a country's mineral resource potential is seen as an element of transnational governance. Regulation involves the use of laws, rules and regulations within the jurisdictional and sectoral capabilities of the state, minimizing its involvement as a producer. The features of the ideology of economic liberalism, which polarizes the societies of raw material producing countries by imposing austerity, as well as lowering trade barriers have been studied. The analysis of the influence of the radical new order of neoliberal world ideology on the development of the extractive sector and the strengthening of state regulation has been presented.

Ion Ionescu de la Brad (Roman, June 24 / July 6, 1818 -- Brad, December 16/28, 1891) was an agronomist, the founder of the Romanian agronomic education, an 1848 revolutionary, the most important Romanian agricultural economist of the 19th century. Our paper aims at emphasizing the national and original character of his economic thinking, as well as the theoretical and ideological basis of the solutions he suggested for solving the agrarian problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The past two decades have witnessed a tremendous increase in the scholarly attention paid to the European Union (EU)'s external relations as well as the nature of the union's role in world politics. With an aim to contribute to the EU-as-a-power debate, this research explores how EU economic and market-related norms and policies have been promoted and received by taking the EU's relations with Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as an empirical case study. Drawing on transnational diffusion literature, this paper seeks to bridge existing scholarly discussions on Normative Power Europe and Market or Regulatory Power Europe, offering a more nuanced understanding of subjects of the EU's externalization, as well as the processes and effectiveness of the EU's diffusion of market-related norms and regulatory approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies is the property of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ion Ghica (Bucharest, August 12, 1816 - Ghergani, May 7, 1897) was a Romanian engineer, writer and politician. He was among the first to try to adapt the ideas of the liberal economic school to the realities that existed in our country back then. He actively fought for the development of the national economy through increasing production in quantity and quality and through building railways. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize not only Ghica's contributions to adapting classical liberal economic ideas to the Romanian socio-economic conditions in those times but also the specific elements of his economic thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nicolae Şuţu (Arnăut-Keuy, October 25, 1798-Făurei, January 10, 1871) was a Romanian economist, writer and statesman. He contributed to spreading the ideas of economic liberalism all over the Romanian Principalities, as well as to putting those ideas into practice. The measures he brought forward and the efforts he made in order to accomplish them make him an important reformer of his country. The purpose of this paper is to present the author's main economic ideas in a scientifically explanatory manner and to draw a correlation between them and the principal economic ideology of those times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, digital piracy remains a growing challenge for both legislators and businesses operating in the entertainment industry. This study explores when and why consumers make trade‐offs between illegal and legal streaming services. By drawing on protection motivation theory, we find that consumers' threat and coping appraisals increase their adaptive behavior, i.e., lower intention to consume illegal and higher intention to consume legal streaming services. We also show that the strength of consumers' inherent ethical (relativism) and political (economic liberalism) identities conditions adaptive behavior through social identity theory. We find that low relativism strengthens the adaptive behavior through threat appraisal, while economic liberalism strengthens the adaptive behavior through coping appraisal. Our robustness checks show that these results hold when the model accounts for the level of consumers' digital piracy attitudes. We used a scenario‐based approach to test our hypotheses and surveyed 244 consumers who use streaming services. Our study contributes to the literature by showing that consumers' adaptive behavior envisioned through protection motivation theory can be weakened or strengthened by their ethical and political identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Administration thought; It has been affected by the changes in social structure and relations and peripheral factors, so different approaches have emerged throughout history. The economy, which includes the issues of production, distribution and ownership, has a decisive position in these changes. While economics was a complementary element of administration before the modern period, the transition from feudalism to capitalism enabled economic thought to be a determining factor on administration thought. When the development process of capitalism and modern economic thought is examined, it is seen that mercantilism, which constitutes the intellectual and executive infrastructure of the commercial capitalism period, also reveals an interventionist administration approach. The views of cameralist thinkers that a science of administration cannot develop without economics is also quite remarkable. Likewise, economic liberalism basically consists of ideas about administration and advocates a limited understanding of the state. When the adventure of modern economic thought is examined, it is understood that the general course passed in the conflict between the interventionist state and the limited state. Thus, the relationship between modern economics and administration thought has been redesigned in a way that economics is decisive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences & Philosophy is the property of Research Center for Humanities & Social Sciences, Academia Sinica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The contribution attempts an evaluation of Menger's theory of money by comparison of his Geld-article (1892/1909) with his statements in the context of the introduction of the gold standard in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy in 1892. In the first place, this concerns the goal of constancy of the value of money, but also his theory of money under uncertainty, his attitude towards the banking system, and other issues. The contribution also discusses the fundamental political dimension of pursuance of monetary policy goals and the anti-interventionist orientation of the economic liberalism of the representatives of later generations of the Austrian School. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on Benedetto Croce’s political thought and its undemocratic characters. The Author analyses Salvatore Cingari’s text about this topic (Dietro l’autonarrazione. Benedetto Croce fra Stato liberale e Stato democratico, 2019) and explores some aspect such as the relationship between economic and political liberalism, liberalism and fascism.

This study addresses the role of literary and economic periodicals in the public debate and the development of economic thought in the Netherlands from 1800 to circa 1900. Literary and economic journals established an effective channel of communication to a broad section of society and were widely used for publications by economists. We argue that what characterized the periodical literature in the Netherlands was its focus on economic practice. Publications in these journals hardly contributed to the development of economic theory. Economists preferred to publish in literary reviews like De Gids (The Guide), which for decades formed the most important economic journal in the Netherlands. Specialized economic journals appeared relatively early on the scene, but competed with literary reviews. In general, all journals, literary and economic, were used to advocate liberal economic doctrines, which formed the main school in nineteenth-century Dutch economic thought. The debate between socialists and liberals in the 1870s gradually changed the main doctrine of Dutch economists, which also affected the rank order of the journals used for economic publications. This study examines the impact of economic publications on public debate and economic thought in the Netherlands and compares the Dutch experience with publication cultures in other countries during the same period.

As a publicist and jurist who defended the adequacy of comercial law and economic policy to the new times of industrialism, Cairu made a substantial contribution to the understanding of the challenges and obstacles posed to the Brazilian economy in the early nineteenth century, at the endo f the colonial period.

Over the years, the Austrian School of Economics has created the image of a thinker associated with ideas of liberalism. The views of members of this school are often considered controversial. However, the concept of freedom clearly displayed by the Austrians is very popular among economists. Carl Menger is said to be the founder and a leading member of the Austrian School of Economics, and his works are mostly devoted to methodology and economic theory. Nevertheless, you can also find his views on the sphere of economic liberalism and freedom. Almost 150 years after the publication of Menger’s main works, it emerged that he had created not only the timeless foundations of the theory and methodology of economics, but his theory of subjective value had become the bedrock which is used to this day in deliberations on economic liberalism. The economy pursued by Menger (based primarily on the ideas of subjectivism and individualism) continues to be an important and timeless foundation for the development of the doctrine of economic liberalism. This article is a review based on an analysis of the literature on the subject.

The author conducts a comparative analysis of authoritarian liberalism’s concepts in contemporary political theory. The article deals with the main directions of interpretation of authoritarian liberalism in the framework of methodological approaches and conceptual models of neoliberalism, ordoliberalism, John Rawls' theory of political liberalism, Jan-Werner Mueller's “restrained democracy”, Jürgen Habermas' “legitimation crisis”, Colin Crouch's “post-democracy”, Michael Wilkinson's “de-democratization”, Crawford Macpherson's “participatory democracy”, Wolfgang Streeck's “democratic capitalism crisis”, Giandomenico Majone's «crypto-federalism». The basic analytical concept is the idea of authoritarian economic liberalism, fi rst proposed by H. Heller and K. Polanyi. For the purpose of methodological refl ection, an analytical review of methods and concepts based on modern political and constitutional theory and used in the study of the institutional specifi cs of authoritarian liberalism has been carried out. Authoritarian liberalism is conceptualized as the neoliberal ideology and practice of de-democratization and restriction of democracy, which results in regionalization of protest against the supranational regime of liberal democracy and political integration in Europe. If authoritarian liberalism focuses on economic liberalism, then authoritarian ways of implementing policies are subject to the interests of private property: authoritarianism strengthens economic liberalism, which, in turn, reinforces the EU's “authoritarian transformation”. In the context of the Euro-crisis, authoritarian liberalism restricts traditional forms of representative democracy, political struggle, and the legitimation of power, contributing to the reanimation of ethnic nationalism. In contemporary Europe, right-wing euroskeptics are gaining popularity. The authoritarian-liberal restriction of social democracy can lead not only to the strengthening of capitalism, but also to the revival of the reactionary forms of «new nationalism» and authoritarian illiberalism. The EU is developing today in the “neo-colonial paradigm” in accordance with the relations between the core and the periphery between creditor countries and debtor countries. Transnational solidarity suppressed by authoritarian liberalism can become a democratically legitimate tool for resolving a fundamental confl ict between market capitalism and representative democracy

The concept of the division of labor is comprehensively discussed in Adam Smith’s classic work, The Wealth of Nations (1776), and it holds a key function in his theory of economic development. As a rigorous critique of liberalism, Karl Polanyi does not make use of this socio-economic concept very much in his works, while he conveys Smith’s general understanding throughout The Great Transformation (1944). This calls for a review of the two scholars use and perception of the concept of the division of labor. As opposed to Smith's economic theory based on the division of labor, Polanyi's substantivist approach to economic phenomena poses a different dynamic of social change based on commodity fiction. In retrospect, this study compares the analytical frameworks of Smith and Polanyi based upon their views on the division of labor and tries to find affinities in their methodologies and approaches to economic phenomena.

Copyright of Iberian Journal of the History of Economic Thought is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economic Sciences / Nauki Ekonomiczne is the property of Nauki Ekonomiczne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sabri Fehmi Ülgener and Ahmed Güner Sayar are two of the most eminent figures to be recognized through their economic and cultural studies in modern Turkish thought. They have generated remarkable ideas about relative economic underdevelopment in Ottoman-Turkish society, controversial economic policies within capitalism, and the existence of two principal veins in the methodology of economics. This paper aims to ascertain Ülgener and Sayar's approaches toward the different dimensions of economics and to review the points upon which they agree and disagree in this regard. On the problem of economic underdevelopment, they can be said to generally focus on cultural elements and to have asserted the essence of Sufism to be distorted. They can also be said to have not fallen into any sharp differences over capitalism's liberal or interventionist policies. On the methodology of economics, they agreed about the need to have an a posteriori character within the scope of the explanatory nature of economic theories. Additionally, they focused on the sociology of economics using the verstehen [German: to understand] method to comprehend human typology in economics through its various aspects. The research findings indicate these two men to have been the architects of an original line in Turkish economic thought by showing consensus on principles and method, despite disagreements on the details. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air pollution brings uncountable serious influences on human life during the last decade. This study is an attempt to compare economic liberalism with economic federalism in examining the problem of air pollution in the Asia-Pacific region. Economic analysts have different views with one school of thought arguing that air pollution is the cause of the failure of a free economy rather than the failure of government regulations, while another supports liberal economics and vice versa. After developing a conceptual framework, the study uses the technique of fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to examine how the rule of law, the size of government, regulatory efficiency, and the openness of the market influence air pollution in countries across the region. The analysis identifies two solutions with government size being found to be a necessary and core condition that influences air pollution. The study thus provides insights and suggests that government spending, taxation, and other financial health policies can be used as key sources to control air pollution in the Asia-Pacific region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Procesos de Mercado is the property of Procesos de Mercado. Revista Europea de Economia Politica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to re-examine Andreas Andréadès' contribution to the economic policy literature. Emphasis is given to the connection between his theoretical ideas and postulates, and his analysis of the public finance in Greece during the interwar era. His research activity was bounded by two Greek sovereign defaults and five military campaigns which overwhelmingly affected the country's public finances. Andréadès remained critical towards extensive government intervention in the market process, proposing instead liberal economic policies that could safeguard institutions from compromising their independence by economic interests and political interference in bureaucratic decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the nature and extent of ideological predispositions of the Jakarta electorate. Using a survey of a random sample of voting-aged Jakarta population, this research attempts to explore how polarised the voters are and how their ideological proclivities are related to their political alignment. The distribution of the ideological map shows that voters are generally divided on political secularism and economic dimensions. On the political secular dimension, Anies-Prabowo's voters tend to support the larger role of Islam and Muslim clerics in politics while Ahok-Jokowi's are resistant to the increasing role of Islam and its clerics in politics. On the economic dimension, Anies-Prabowo's voters are more inclined towards economic nationalist views while Ahok-Jokowi's are more tolerant of economic liberalism. However, further multi-variate tests reveal that the political affiliation drives the ideological cleavage in political secularism dimension only. Meanwhile, in the economic dimension, the main driver is party identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the relation between conservatism and the doctrine of economic liberalism from the perspective of Roger Scruton's critique to Friedrich A. Hayek. We carry out this attempt through three means: first, Hayek's concepts of negative freedom, spontaneous order, and catallaxy are analyzed; second, the English philosopher's critique of Hayek is explained; and finally, Scruton's social and economic theory is presented as a response of the inconsistencies of economic liberalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to explain the causes of the growing popularity of the illiberal right, taking the Polish political party Law and Justice as an example. The adopted analytical approach combines insights derived from the work of Karl Polanyi and the tradition of historical institutionalism. The victory of Law and Justice in the 2015 Polish parliamentary elections is argued to constitute a critical juncture that initiated a fundamental break with the liberal order. Following Polanyi, we argue that the seeds of the recent anti-liberal counter-revolution can be found in the malfunctioning of the Polish economic order built during the period of transition. However, Law and Justice has managed to make use of the critical juncture arising from social discontent and has used it instrumentally to dismantle liberal constitutionalism and the rule of law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the role played by several British think tanks (including the Institute of Economic Affairs, the Centre for Policy Studies, and the Initiative for Free Trade) in the run-up to the December 2019 general election, which was dominated by the issue of Brexit. In recent decades, the original British think tank model, based on the idea of policy advice arising from independent research, has been challenged by the emergence of strongly ideological bodies, who claim the label of think tanks but seem more interested in attracting positive media coverage than in rigorous thinking. This different think tank model is here referred to as hollowed out. We focus on right-wing organisations, primarily concerned with the promotion of free trade, which rely on aggressive advocacy, mastery of media tropes and codes, and the construction of a simplified and sometimes beguiling discourse, built on promises of innovation. We shall examine the attempts by those think tanks to make their voices heard during the 2019 election. We seek to demonstrate that the hollowed-out think tanks might not be as suited to the era of Brexit and populist politics as one might suppose. Indeed, the article will ask whether the ideological think tanks still have a useful role to play, in a discourse which is increasingly polarised between the purveyors of facts and false news.

Surplus populations are back on the political agenda. With the rise of automation technologies and the advent of the hyperflexible ‘gig economy’, millions of individuals across the post-industrialised world will likely become supernumerary or consigned to low-quality jobs in the service sector. Neoliberalism signalled the abdication of the state’s responsibility for ensuring full employment and providing high-quality employment. However, criminology has largely forgotten the central roles played by both in preventing the spread of social pathologies. Against the logic of neoliberalism, what is needed is a state capable of counteracting the formation of surplus populations, or an anti-surplus state. A second New Deal would enact infrastructure investments and re-embed superfluous populations into meaningful employment relations. Following Bourdieu’s criticism of a scientistic ‘flight into purity’, criminologists should adopt the lessons learned by Sweden’s interwar social democrats and advocate policies capable of preventing the augmentation of social superfluity.