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This study explored changes in preservice teachers' beliefs about teaching in early childhood education during teaching practicums in China. Data from four preservice teachers' beliefs were collected through interviews and reflection journals. Based on Bronfenbrenner's theory, an ecological system framework was used to explore the change factors. The findings indicated two change orientations: elaboration and integration. Elaboration incorporated situated reflection, positive emotions, and interactions with children and mentors to explain belief change. Consistency between practices and beliefs with positive emotions and strong agency reinforced their beliefs. Integration of beliefs can be ascribed to teaching dilemmas that arouse negative emotions, parental expectations, and the field school's culture, which weaken agency and social culture in the ecological framework's nested system. Therefore, belief change can be attributed to individual factors that interact with the ecological system. The study elucidates how changes occur in preservice teachers' beliefs. Teacher education programmes should address the constraints and enabling factors during teaching practicum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to investigate elementary school principals' work from the ecological systems perspective and which elements of their work are experienced as demands or resources. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 principals. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data. The results show that the way principals experience their work is individual and influenced by several internal and external factors. Some of the most extensive demands appear to be related to interaction with different stakeholders in situations where principals have the role of mediator in solving conflicting situations. Challenges also seem to arise in dealing with elements or issues that principals cannot influence or have no control over. Principals' current perception is influenced by their education, work and personal histories and future vision. The results also indicate that principals need in-service training concerning social interaction and human resource management, such as how to act in conflicting situations, interact with different personalities and get the entire school community to develop and work for common goals. In addition, our findings suggest that offering support to principals through, for example, mentoring programmes during their first years could reduce the pressures they face and help them concentrate more fully on relevant tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Latinx adolescents are overrepresented in the justice system and have high untreated behavioral health needs. We examined the family as well as promotive and inhibitive environments (i.e., neighborhood and school) and their associations on behavioral health among 181 first-time justice-involved Latinx adolescents. Results showed that more optimal caregiver-adolescent attachment was associated with fewer behavioral health needs; more negative caregiver-adolescent communication with greater behavioral health needs. Increased neighborhood disadvantage and negative school interactions served as inhibitive environments and were associated with greater behavioral health needs. Moderation analyses indicated that negative communication was associated with greater behavioral health needs among dyads with large acculturation differences but not for dyads close in acculturation. Findings underscore the need to assess the family relationships and communication, promotive/inhibitive environments, and acculturation differences when determining how to meet behavioral health needs among justice-involved Latinx adolescents.

Males accounted for half the United Kingdom population in 2021 yet they fail to be prioritised in health and social policies. As examining the health of males and females collectively falls short in accounting for the complexities associated with gendered health outcomes, male health should be considered as a separate policy issue. The island of Ireland has two jurisdictions, the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland (NI); however, only the former has implemented a men's health policy. As well as a policy vacuum within NI, few studies have comprehensively examined male health. To address this shortcoming, a narrative review of males' physical and mental health trends in NI is presented to determine the need for a men's health policy. A collation of secondary administrative data and survey data was conducted. The narrative review highlights the importance of utilising a holistic framework to understand men's health. Key findings include high male suicide rates and young males being more likely to report certain mental health problems. The study concludes that a male health policy is needed. To achieve this, a Health Impact Pyramid was developed, and it illustrates practical steps that can be taken to support decision‐makers, service providers and individual males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the ecological system factors that influence discrimination of sarcopenia among older individuals living in contemporary society. Data analysis included information from 618 older adults individuals aged 65 years or older residing in South Korea. To assess variations in ecological system factors related to SARC-F scores, we conducted correlation analysis and t-tests. Discriminant analysis was used to identify factors contributing to group discrimination. The key findings are summarized as follows. First, significant differences at the p

Objective: This study aimed to identify the dimensions and components of the preschool curriculum based on Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory. Methods: The study utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods to evaluate the dimensions and components of the preschool curriculum model. The researchers investigated articles, books, and research papers conducted both domestically and internationally on reputable and authenticated online database networks, spanning from 2000 to 2023. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS statistical software in the quantitative phase. The statistical population of the study was 371 principals of pre-schools located in Bushehr province in the academic year 2021-2022, and by using the Krejci-Morgan table, we selected 181 Principals as a sample. To validate the quantitative section of the study, the confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Results: The results of the study revealed that the preschool curriculum model had seven components, including: paying attention to educating and informing families; utilizing new and creative teaching methods in preschool; paying attention to the role and effects of communication and an appropriate educational environment; comprehensiveness and appropriateness of the educational content of preschool programs; educational facilities and resources, appropriateness of the preschool programs with society’s culture; and the role of governance of macro-management in supporting preschool program. Conclusion: Based on the findings, we conclude that the integration of Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory into the design of a preschool curriculum holds great potential for creating a more comprehensive and effective educational experience for young children.

偏鄉教育資源不足，影響學生學習，一直是政府及許多研究者關心的議題；且雖知離島的特殊教育（簡稱特教）是弱勢中的弱勢，然究應如何支持，卻是文獻及實務長久以來的缺口。本研究探討北部某一研究機構因大學社會責任（University Social Responsibility, USR）專案，而在平安、喜樂（化名）兩島建構特教支持系統之歷程。研究小組透過參與式觀察、訪 談及文件分析，瞭解方案推動小組如何工作，發現專案團隊有別於傳統偏鄉教育僅提供補救與補助的方式，而採取生態觀的社區營造，從盤點現況開始，慢慢在地扎根，再以不斷循環的「示範」、「擾動」策略，進行人員「增能」及資源「連結」，並持續精進發展成長到精緻化，為這個社區架構以學生為中心，由內而外分別包括微觀系統、中間系統、外部系統到鉅觀系統的支持系統。除完成在地接手之任務，還在4年努力下，使兩縣由原先在全國縣市特教評鑑中敬陪末座的乙等和丙等，進步到都是甲等。各生態系統層次中各相關人員也因增能而自我發展，更具自我效能。 Background The lack of adequate educational resources in remote areas has long been a concern of the Taiwanese government. The provision of special education in Taiwan’s outlying islands is particularly low. Few studies have investigated the effectiveness of special education in remote areas. The present study explored how special education in the outlying islands of Taiwan can be supported from an ecological perspective, further enhancing our understanding of special education in remote areas. Literature Review Inconvenient transportation and inadequate educational, cultural, and social services in rural areas pose challenges to special education and result in inequality in educational opportunities (Yeh & Sheu, 2021). This inequality is further exacerbated by various structural issues, such as uneven resource distribution and teacher structure as well as low cultural capital, social capital, and student learning motivation (Huang, 2019). The outlying islands of Taiwan lack sufficient resources for providing effective special education; however, providing excessive funding and subsidies for welfare facilities may actually hinder students’ growth and overlook shortcomings related to peer stimulation and learning motivation (Ho, 2017; Wang, 2018). Therefore, to provide effective special education services, the issue of remoteness must be considered from the community’s perspective and with an understanding of local ecological support systems. This can be achieved by the formation of interdisciplinary professional teams (Cheng & Jhang, 2020; Lai & Liao, 2006; Liao et al., 2006). The key approach is to engage with the community directly to promote its support system. This involves building relationships with community members, providing guidance and training, and encouraging community members to take initiative. This approach also requires the effective use and coordination of resources to integrate support for special education (Hu, 2021; Lee, 2019; Shieh et al., 2012; Wang, 2018). Methods This qualitative study explored how the support network was established through empowerment at the local special education resource center. The research team collected data through observations and interviews and constructed an accurate description of the support system. This study was conducted in two counties in Taiwan, referred to as “Peace” and “Joy” (pseudonyms), by a research institution in northern Taiwan. The project was conducted under the University Social Responsibility initiative. The research was conducted by several individuals in teams. An action team consisted of a professor, a postdoctoral researcher, and resource classroom staff. They had extensive experience in communication and coordination with various professionals and provided indirect services through consultations with teachers and parents. A research team consisted of a professor and two research fellows specializing in disabilities and giftedness. They adopted an objective approach when conducting participatory observations and interviews as well as document analysis. This study included students with and without disabilities, special education teachers, general education teachers, school administrators, professionals, parents, university resource classroom counselors, staff of nongovernmental social welfare organizations, county-level special education administrators, and other county government departments. Data were collected using field notes, interviews, summary sheets, and research journals. The study was conducted from July 2008 to June 2011 and comprised preparation, data collection, and data collation stages. In the preparation stage, the research team participants familiarized themselves with the key aspects of the project and reviewed the literature on rural education. In the data collection stage, the action team contacted local individuals and collected information through observations, recordings, formal interviews, informal conversations, field notes, research diaries, and documents provided by the community or schools. Moreover, the researchers organized and categorized the collected information and engaged in discussions to ensure that the collected data were sufficient to effectively address the research questions. Finally, the research findings were detailed in a report. Results At the end of the project, the special education service support systems had been developed and made significant impacts in the two counties. The structure of the special education service support systems in the two counties was student-center, and received support from the microsystem, the mesosystem, the exosystem, the macrosystem, and the chronosystem. The whole system was turned inside out. Members of each ecosystem empowered themselves through self-improvement. Therefore, confidence among the special education staff in both counties had increased. Students and parents had learned how to self-advocate and generate ideas. From the ecological perspective, the researcher found that the “empowerment” was the core of action in the support system, thus people in the system were able to strengthen their own knowledge, extend the connections to more resources, and furthermore to promote more development in services and support within microsystem, the mesosystem, the exosystem, the macrosystem, and even the interactions between systems. As a result, the public would have the positive understanding on individuals with disabilities, and increase their acceptance and support. Time is an important boost for the two entire outlying island special education support systems to take root, grow, and refine locally, allowing two support systems to be constructed and developed stably. Discussion and Suggestions The researcher discovered a shift in the perspectives in both counties from conservative and isolated mindsets to active engagement and willingness to cooperate with others. Specifically, the process of establishing special education support systems in the outlying islands involved several stages: visiting sites to determine the available resources, gradually becoming familiar with the local culture, initiating start-up activities, and finally connecting resources and completing on-site integrations. This reconstructed support system focuses on students with disabilities and has ecosystem-level features (Shelton, 2018, 2021), as follows: 1. The microsystem system in the innermost circle focuses on the empowerment of individuals, parents, and staff to enhance collaboration among them. 2. The mesosystem aims at improving the stability, exchange, and integration of resources. 3. The exosystem expands the resources and connections of social welfare institutions, hospitals, universities, and other organizations. 4. In the macrosystem, the community culture changed from conservative and isolated to acceptance and engagement, with understanding and support for the disabled students after advocacy by college students with disabilities and parent empowerment activities. 5. The chronosystem provides the time needed for the establishment, growth, and refinement of the support systems. Thorough onsite inspections are conducted to evaluate current conditions and facilitate personnel development and resource allocations. All stakeholders underwent personal development through empowerment, resulting in their increased effectiveness. This study makes the following suggestions: 1. Practical suggestions: (1) Continue to provide professional support. The project team should continue being the supporting organization. Returning to the site frequently is not required but having good intentions to do whatever needed is required. (2) Extend and vertically integrate resources. Encourage the two counties to integrate resources and provide early education for children with disabilities and employment opportunities for students upon leaving school. (3) Ensure sustainable operations and development. Both counties should continue to refine their practices and implement additional special education services. 2. Suggestions for further research: (1) Replication and expansion. This research developed a comprehensive theoretical framework, and its effectiveness was demonstrated through empirical research. We should replicate this in other outlying islands or rural areas to further test the theory’s feasibility and adjust the theory as needed. The research should be continued to obtain additional data. (2) Bridge theory and practice. Future studies should explore the relationships between small entities and strengthen the connection between theory and practice. (3) Consider disabilities and giftedness. Future research should explore support systems for gifted students and those who are twice exceptional.

ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence and influencing factors of school bullying among high school children left behind by both mother and father in Hunan province. MethodsUsing multistage stratified cluster sampling, we recruited 8 439 children from 32 high schools in 4 prefectures of Hunan province for a self-administered anonymous questionnaire survey conducted during April – July 2018. The Olweus Bullying/Victimization Questionnaire (OBVQ) and a self-designed questionnaire were used in the survey. Among all the participants, 1 506 children with both maternal and paternal migration were included in the analysis. ResultsOf the 1506 left-behind children, the overall prevalence of school bullying victimization and perpetration were 20.39% and 5.64%, respectively. Verbal bullying victimization was the most common type of school bullying reported by 17.60% of victimized children. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed following significant risk factors for school bullying victimization: male gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.116, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.471 – 3.045), playing violent games frequently (OR = 1.624, 95%CI: 1.040 – 2.536), rarely or never communicating with their parents (OR = 1.528, 95%CI: 1.066 – 2.189), frequent quarrels between parents or primary caregivers (OR = 3.127, 95%CI: 1.659 – 5.895), lack of perceived safety in school (OR = 1.876, 95%CI: 1.290 – 2.728), and with a perceived disharmony atmosphere in class (OR = 1.604, 95%CI: 1.138 – 2.261). ConclusionSchool bullying victimization is common among high school children with both maternal and paternal migration in Hunan province and targeted interventions should be developed for comprehensive prevention of the school bullying.

Abstract Background: Assessing the health status of a natural ecosystem is important across all natural fields of study. Ecologists have discussed and used a variety of terms to describe the health of ecosystems, yet consistent use or adoption of a set of terms has not been established. A common vernacular is necessary to convey the status of an ecosystem to any audience, particularly to influence policy. The purpose of this review is to explore the terms associated with general ecosystem health metrics. Methods: A scoping literature review was performed within three databases, using a search string informed by place, interest, and outcome, a modified PICO (Place, Interest, Comparison, Outcome) structure. A three-stage review process was conducted, at title only, abstract, and full text, respectively. The second and third stages were conducted by two independent reviewers. Key ecosystem health indicator terms were extracted from the final article list and categorized into composite terms or individual indicators for the assessment of general ecosystem health. Results: The initial search yielded 4733 articles, of which 701 were included for screening at the abstract level. A subsequent full-text review of 118 peer-reviewed articles found 95 distinct indicators and 109 multi-metric index systems that qualify under the study search criteria from a total of 64 scientific journals over 20 years. Conclusions: We found a substantial diversity of ecological health terminologies and concepts, reflecting various scientific traditions and disciplines, which highlight not only the necessity to standardize the language for communication but also the opportunity for cross-fertilization. Single distinct indicators were as frequently used as multi-metric index systems. For academic purposes, this raises the question of how underlying value statements and ethical dimensions differ between integrated health terminologies and concepts. For advocacy, we emphasize the need of a consistent core terminology to improve the effectiveness of our messaging. One Health impact statement The impact of this work is focused on the systematic investigation of the terminology used for integrated health assessment. We carried out a scoping review of integrated ecosystem health terminology across disciplines, including 64 different journals from 2002 to 2022. This work has the potential to improve actionable policies in favor of environmental and ecosystem protection and remediation. This landscape analysis is a step toward the creation of a meaningful vocabulary of ecosystem health indicators, including how terminology descriptors and their use can be understood by different stakeholders across disciplines, with implications on the dimensions of implicit intrinsic and extrinsic value statements. By having a dedicated terminology associated with the health or disease of ecosystems in general, systems can be compared, and a simplified message can be conveyed, thereby enhancing not only the understanding of the importance of the health of ecosystems but also improving the ways in which we promote ecological health.

The paper presents the analysis of the profitability threshold of bell pepper cultivation in the solar system in conventional farming and organic farming with proposed for the crop year 2022/2023. Thus, by using a system of indicators (specific indicators, result indicators and profitability indicators, production costs, capitalization prices and the degree of profitability per product unit can be estimated. Economic profitability is evaluated in terms of the use of production framework technologies in the production process and the rational use of raw materials, human and financial resources with the aim of obtaining low-cost and high-quality products. Agribusiness actions will always be based on crop profitability. The findings of the undertaken study can favourably influence farmers, giving them the opportunity to adjust their existing farm resources and capacities to achieve higher yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Romania, climate changes have determined in recent years, the intensification of water deficits (very often associated with drought) during the vegetation of agricultural crops, in almost all areas of the country. Cultivating autumn wheat varieties that can withstand drought and heat well and adapting cultivation technology to climate changes are decisive factors in obtaining stable and economically efficient productions. In the agricultural year 2022-2023, in A.R.D.S. Secuieni, Neam? County, a multifactorial experiment of the 10 x 3 x 1 type was established, which aimed to determine an optimal density depending on the varieties used and the climatic conditions. The experiment was laid out according to the method of parcels subdivided into 3 repetitions, with the following factors: Factor A - variety, cu 10 graduations (a1 = Trublion; a2 = Centurion; a3 = Katarina; a4 = Glosa; a5 = Aspekt; a6 = Izvor; a7 = Avenue; a8 = Solehio; a9 = Alcantara; a10 = Hyxperia); Factor B - plant density, with 3 graduations: (b1 = 250 germinable kernels/sm; b2 = 360 germinable kernels/sm and b3 = 500 germinable kernels/sm.); Factor C - location, cu 1 graduation: c1 = Secuieni. Productivity elements are influenced by sowing density, variety and experimental conditions. The Glosa variety is the common winter wheat variety with the largest share in the structure of varieties grown in the all the Romania country. It achieves high and stable yields (8,559 kg/ha), with a protein contain 14.2, the highest average protein contain on the tested varieties. For the northern part of the country, good results were obtained when 250 g.g/m2 were used for the variety Centurion, a yield production of 10,008 kg/ha. The hybrid wheat, Hyxperia variety obtained the highest yields (8,745 kg/ha) regardless of the climatic conditions of the year, proving ecological stability and plasticity, with a protein content of 11.9%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamical behavior of an ecological system of two predators-one prey updated with incorporating prey refuge and Beddington –DeAngelis functional response had been studied in this work, The essential mathematical features of the present model have been studied thoroughly. The system has local and global stability when certain conditions are met, had been proved respectively. Further, the system has no saddle node bifurcation but transcritical bifurcation and Pitchfork bifurcation are satisfied while the Hopf bifurcation does not occur. Numerical illustrations are performed to validate the model's applicability under consideration. Finally, the results are included in the form of points in agreement with the obtained numerical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to identify the dimensions and components of the preschool curriculum based on Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory. Methods: The study utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods to evaluate the dimensions and components of the preschool curriculum model. The researchers investigated articles, books, and research papers conducted both domestically and internationally on reputable and authenticated online database networks, spanning from 2000 to 2023. The statistical population of the study was 371 principals of pre-schools located in Bushehr province in the academic year 2021-2022, and by using the Krejci-Morgan table, we selected 181 Principals as a sample. To validate the quantitative section of the study, the confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Results: The results of the study revealed that the preschool curriculum model had seven components, including: paying attention to educating and informing families; utilizing new and creative teaching methods in preschool; paying attention to the role and effects of communication and an appropriate educational environment; comprehensiveness and appropriateness of the educational content of preschool programs; educational facilities and resources, appropriateness of the preschool programs with society's culture; and the role of governance of macro-management in supporting preschool program. Conclusions: Based on the findings, we conclude that the integration of Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory into the design of a preschool curriculum holds great potential for creating a more comprehensive and effective educational experience for young children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Water security for food production in the deltas of international river basins has become the top concern of the basin countries. Numerous efforts were made to develop frameworks for the assessment of water security at different scales. However, no framework could be directly applied to the deltas of the transboundary basins because they have not fully addressed the characteristics of the deltas. This study aims to develop a comprehensive framework for the assessment of water security for the international river basin deltas and applied it to the Vietnamese Mekong Delta.METHODS: The water security assessment framework was developed on the basis of the concept of water security defined by the United Nations Water following the “Driving forces-Pressure-State-Impact-Response” approach. The developed framework is then used to evaluate the water security conditions for 22 subregions of the Mekong Delta.FINDINGS: The proposed water security assessment framework comprises the following six dimensions: water resources, domestic water supply, water for economic development, water-related disasters, ecological and environmental protection, and water governance, which contain 21 indicators and 5 sub-indicators. The results of applying this framework to the Mekong Delta showed that the overall water security conditions in most subregions in 2018 were only at the medium level. The degree of water security in flood season is higher than that in the dry season. The main reasons that lead to the medium-level water security of the region have been identified, including high dependence on external water resources (more than 90%) and transboundary water cooperation between the basin countries and rather low water productivity in economic sectors. The study suggests that improvement in transboundary water cooperation and water productivity would help enhance future water security in the Mekong Delta.CONCLUSION: Assessment of the water security for the deltas of the transboundary river basins requires a comprehensive assessment framework. The framework developed in this study was successfully applied to the case of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The proposed framework will help policymakers of the Mekong riparian countries to monitor the impact of the basin development plans and policies on water security conditions jointly and determine appropriate solutions to enhance water security for the basin.

Guided by a revised version of Cross and Hong's framework based on Bronfenbrenner's ecological system theory, the present study adopted a mixedmethods approach to explore teacher emotions in an EFL context. It aims to better understand teacher emotions and the influencing factors of these emotions in the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem of the above-mentioned framework. A total of 109 university EFL teachers completed an online questionnaire survey, and seven of them participated in the followup semi-structured interviews. The quantitative analysis of the questionnaire data revealed that the participants demonstrated different levels of the five focal emotions (joy, love, anger, fear, and sadness), and joy was the most frequently experienced emotion. Results also suggested that interactions with students, colleagues, leaders and family (from the microsystem), struggle with work-family balance (from the mesosystem), the performance evaluation system (from the exosystem) and the curriculum reform (from the macrosystem) emerged as important influencing factors of teacher emotions. Implications were discussed, and suggestions concerning emotion regulation were offered to EFL teachers working in tertiary institutions within China and similar contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological farming is increasing worldwide, as more and more consumers prefer chemical-free fruits. As a result, ecological farming is becoming increasingly appealing to European farmers, including those in Romania. However, implementing an effective ecological phytosanitary program remains a challenge for farmers due to limited options and a lack of information about their effectiveness. Romania is a major producer of plums and ranks second in the world after China. Aphids are common pests of plum, and some species are vectors of the damaging Plum pox virus, and therefore require special attention regarding their control. Eight ecological products were tested both in the field and laboratory for a duration of three vegetative periods to determine their efficiency in aphid control. The effects of ecological products were compared with five chemical insecticides known to be effective against aphids. Observations were made 24 and 48 h after spraying. Two of the eight ecological products tested were proven to be efficient in aphid control, Ovipron Top and Prev-Am, with a mortality rate over 90%. The results indicate that these two ecological products are comparable in effectiveness to chemical insecticides and could be suitable candidates for both ecological and conventional treatment programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Research in Education Sciences is the property of National Taiwan Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The consumer's interest in his/her health and the quality of his/her food has increased as well as in environmental issues such as animal welfare. Consumers believe that organic and similar (traditional) production systems are more advantageous for consumers (providing healthier food) and animals (providing better welfare). The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of different rearing systems (organic, conventional and traditional) on the physicochemical properties and oxidation states of pork meat. The meat samples were obtained from three different rearing systems of pigs: organic, conventional and traditional. The samples (M. biceps femoris) were obtained from producers directly 3 days after slaughtering for analysis. The following physical and chemical parameters were analyzed: color (according to the CIE L * a * b * system), pH, dry matter, protein, collagen, fat and ash. The oxidation state of the meat samples was measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs), free fatty acid (FFA) and antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). The results indicated that the rearing system affects most of the evaluated parameters. A significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in color parameters L* and b*, where the conventional pork samples were darker and the organic pork yellower. Total protein content in meat of pigs raised in a conventional system was higher (22.23%) than for organic (20.36%) and traditional (21.21%). The fat content in the meat of organically reared pigs was higher (2.81%) than in pork from conventional and traditional systems (1.43% and 0.37%, respectively). Organic pork was more susceptible to oxidation processes due to its higher TBARS (1.24 mg/kg) and FFA (1.15% fat as oleic acid) values and lower antioxidant capacity (26.42% inhibition), which may result in inferior technological properties of meat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urbanization and climate change pose significant challenges to urban ecosystems, underscoring the necessity for innovative strategies to enhance urban green infrastructure. Tree planting, a crucial aspect of green infrastructure, has been analyzed for optimized positioning using data metrics, priority scoring, and GIS. However, due to the dynamic nature of environmental information, the accuracy of current approaches is compromised. This study aims to present a novel approach integrating deep learning and cellular automata to prioritize urban tree planting locations to anticipate the optimal urban tree network. Initially, GIS data were collated and visualized to identify a suitable study site within London. CycleGAN models were trained using cellular automata outputs and forest mycorrhizal network samples. The comparison validated cellular automata's applicability, enabled observing spatial feature information in the outputs and guiding the parameter design of our 3D cellular automata system for predicting tree planting locations. The locations were optimized by simulating the network connectivity of urban trees after planting, following the spatial-behavioral pattern of the forest mycorrhizal network. The results highlight the role of robust tree networks in fostering ecological stability and cushioning climate change impacts in urban contexts. The proposed approach addresses existing methodological and practical limitations, providing innovative strategies for optimal tree planting and prioritization of urban green infrastructure, thereby informing sustainable urban planning and design. Our findings illustrate the symbiotic relationship between urban trees and future cities and offer insights into street tree density planning, optimizing the spatial distribution of trees within urban landscapes for sustainable urban development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in Earth Science (1001-8166) is the property of Advances in Earth Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We conducted a narrative review of literature focused on Latinx youth in the Juvenile Justice System (JJS). The goal of this review was to identify the behavioral health needs and social and cultural factors that place Latinx youth at disproportionate risk for contact and entrenchment with the JJS. Ecodevelopmental Theory (ET) was used as the guiding framework for this review, and a total of 16 peer reviewed articles from Embase, PsychINFO, and Pubmed were collected, analyzed, and summarized. Consistent with ET, we organized themes from the literature into the following sections: (a) microsystem (i.e., family, psychiatric care, sexual health care, school); (b) mesosystem (i.e., family and social environment); (c) exosystem (i.e., family and neighborhood context, and bicultural stress); and (d) macrosystem (i.e., generational status, cultural stress, social class). Sociopolitical disparities, such as disproportionate sentencing by social class and trauma stemming from political violence, and intersections of cultural variables (e.g., generational status and acculturation) should be closely considered in any prevention and intervention efforts targeting Latinx youths. More research to understand and address the unique needs of this population is also needed.

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the solution of environmental issues to preserve the natural biological diversity of plant life forms in Central Asia and the Balkan Peninsula. The most important task of Uzbek botanists is to investigate all aspects of the structural and dynamic organisation of vegetation cover and changes in plant communities in areas affected by the intense impact of anthropogenic factors. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative characterisation of plant life forms of natural and anthropogenic landscapes of Central Asia and the Balkan Peninsula. The leading approach to the examination of this problem is spatial-comparative, which allows comprehensively investigating the elements of the system of plant life forms of natural and anthropogenic landscapes. In addition, during the empirical study, the collected field material was analysed by generally accepted geobotanical and forestry methods, which consist in describing the topographic position of woody, semi-woody, polycarpic, and monocarpic terrestrial grasses, aquatic plants. The authors used both herbarium and live material from expedition surveys on the Biosphere Reserve and the protected area of the Uvac river gorge by Kazakh, Uzbek, Greek, and Turkish researchers. As a result, a comparative characteristic of the state of modern plant communities of Central Asia and the Balkan Peninsula by the nature and degree of anthropogenic impact was presented. The main life forms of plants of the regions under study were covered; the interrelation of environmental conditions with the process of flora formation was identified and substantiated. The materials of the study are of practical value for ecologists, landscape researchers, geographers, and biologists to use the findings in creating long-term plans for the development of natural landscapes for nature reserves, ecological centres, and nature protection zones. The developed method of comparative characteristics can be used to investigate natural and anthropogenic landscapes of other territories

Purpose. research from thermodynamic positions of the properties of ecological systems of various types under the influence of anthropogenic factors. Methods. Analytical-synthetic method, analysis of information sources, entropy analysis. Results. The effect of an anthropogenic factor on the ecosystem will result in a decrease in the antientropy of the components. The response of the ecosystem will be different depending on the strength and duration of the disturbance. With a strong and sufficiently long impact, the antientropy of the components falls while preserving the organization of the ecosystem until the too low level of the antientropy of the components does not include their own regulatory reactions aimed at restraining the fall of the antientropy even to the detriment of the organization of the system. The organization begins to fall. Since the influence is strong enough and does not stop, the regulatory mechanisms of the components are not able to stabilize the antientropy. The process of falling anti-entropy and organization continues, the system is irreversibly going to its demise. With an average strength, but long-term impact, the components manage to stabilize their anti-entropy at some sub-optimal, but acceptable level at the expense of energy reserves while preserving the organization. However, if the influence continues and does not weaken, the components, not being able to return their antientropy to the original optimal level, sooner or later cannot cope with the continuous perturbation, and their antientropy begins to fall again, now together with the organization. With a weak or short-term impact, the components, adapting to new conditions, return the antientropy to the optimal level (with a strong or medium impact, this is possible only after its termination before irreversible changes in the system). In this case, the organization of the system remains constant, since the disturbing action in this case did not lead the ecosystem beyond the effective operation of homeostatic mechanisms. Thus, the critical moment when an anthropogenic factor acts on an ecosystem is the beginning of the fall of its organization, when homeostasis has completely exhausted itself in countering the disturbance, and the ecosystem begins to irreversibly degrade. So, to control the state of the ecosystem exposed to the anthropogenic factor, it is enough to monitor the organization of the system: if it does not decrease, we can talk about relative well-being, but if the organization falls, the ecosystem is on the verge of death, and it is necessary to take measures to save it. However, the periodic and fairly frequent measurement of the organization of the ecosystem is a task, although one that does not cause fundamental difficulties, but is very time-consuming, primarily due to finding the average module of the correlation coefficients of the parameters. Determining the complexity of the ecosystem according to the formula, although associated with certain difficulties associated with finding the number of connections, does not require time-consuming mathematical processing.

The paper presents a case study carried out on a farm in the town of Șag, Timiș county, where cereals (wheat, barley, corn), sunflower and alfalfa are cultivated. The total area of the farm is 149 ha, of which, as of 2018, 28 ha are cultivated in an ecological system, the study being carried out on 20 ha out of the 28, namely: 10 ha are cultivated with corn, 5 ha with sunflowers, 2 ha with wheat, 1 ha with barley and 2 ha with alfalfa. The objectives considered were: the description of the geographical, pedological and climatic conditions; identification and presentation of the main soil types; culture technology practiced; the range of crops and the areas occupied by the three basic crops. The soil is of cambic chernozem type. In this farming system, crop rotation is very important, this being one of the factors that determined an expansion of areas and crops. The introduction of legumes and the future use of green manures in addition to the practice of direct sowing are desired. In the fall of 2022, along with the sowing of wheat, red clover was sown in a mixture with wheat on an area of 3 ha, to be used as fertilizer. The purpose of the work is to obtain a fund of pedological and agrochemical information regarding the soil cover in the perimeter of the town of Șag, Timiș county, in order to make a correct and rational use of the edaphic resource in conjunction with a sustainable development of the entire agricultural activity in the studied area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children of urban poor families living in cities may be deprived of many opportunities offered by the city, especially quality education, and quality life. This study aims to determine the situations that may affect children's educational life and to reveal their characteristics within the framework of face-to-face in-depth interviews with children of urban poor families. The research was conducted using case study. While selecting the study group, attention was paid to the students' being urban poor and having a secondary disadvantage (broken family, imprisoned parents, having different ethnic origin, etc.). Accordingly, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 14 students and a semi-structured interview form was used to collect the data in the interviews. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using content analysis technique. The findings of the research are presented in order regarding the family and home organization, the neighborhood, the sociocultural environment, and the needs of the participant children. In the light of these findings, it is discussed how urban poverty affects quality educational outcomes. Suggestions are made that the negative effects can be improved through the coordinated efforts of teachers, school administrators, families, and other social actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decade, European consumer demand for organic or ecological products has increased. Ecological agriculture has the potential to reduce negative impacts on humans and ecosystems, but its productivity compared to conventional agriculture remains a controversial issue. Consumers began to look for safer and better controlled fruits, produced in a more ecological environment. Organically produced fruits are considered to satisfy consumer demands while having a favorable impact on the environment and human health. European Union guidelines on organic production prohibit the use of synthetic products (fertilizers and plant protection methods). The principles for organic farming are similar in different European countries and the permitted inputs are regulated by law. In this paper, we proposed to present principles and rules in ecological fruit growing sector, as well as fertilizers and varieties recommended for apple culture in an ecological system in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Water security for food production in the deltas of international river basins has become the top concern of the basin countries. Numerous efforts were made to develop frameworks for the assessment of water security at different scales. However, no framework could be directly applied to the deltas of the transboundary basins because they have not fully addressed the characteristics of the deltas. This study aims to develop a comprehensive framework for the assessment of water security for the international river basin deltas and applied it to the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. METHODS: The water security assessment framework was developed on the basis of the concept of water security defined by the United Nations Water following the "Driving forces-Pressure-State-Impact-Response" approach. The developed framework is then used to evaluate the water security conditions for 22 subregions of the Mekong Delta. FINDINGS: The proposed water security assessment framework comprises the following six dimensions: water resources, domestic water supply, water for economic development, water-related disasters, ecological and environmental protection, and water governance, which contain 21 indicators and 5 sub-indicators. The results of applying this framework to the Mekong Delta showed that the overall water security conditions in most subregions in 2018 were only at the medium level. The degree of water security in flood season is higher than that in the dry season. The main reasons that lead to the medium-level water security of the region have been identified, including high dependence on external water resources (more than 90%) and transboundary water cooperation between the basin countries and rather low water productivity in economic sectors. The study suggests that improvement in transboundary water cooperation and water productivity would help enhance future water security in the Mekong Delta. CONCLUSION: Assessment of the water security for the deltas of the transboundary river basins requires a comprehensive assessment framework. The framework developed in this study was successfully applied to the case of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The proposed framework will help policymakers of the Mekong riparian countries to monitor the impact of the basin development plans and policies on water security conditions jointly and determine appropriate solutions to enhance water security for the basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Fulfillment of the welfare of children in conflict with the law (ABH) in the spiritual aspect is to changes in behavior of the of children in conflict with the law who are undergoing coaching at the Child Correctional Institution (LPKA). The target of fulfilling the spiritual aspect is increasing religious knowledge and the practice of worship. The purpose of this study was to analyze the fulfillment of the welfare of children in conflict with the law related to spiritual needs in Child Correctional Institute (LPKA) Bandung, Palembang and Tangerang. This study uses a qualitative approach with explanatory research. This study also used a purposive sampling technique. As for the data collection conducted by researchers, namely in-depth interviews, observation and documentation studies. The results of the research explore the spiritual condition of children in conflict with the law, the efforts made, and the existence of risk factors and protective factors that affect children at the micro system level. Changes in the behavior of children are being able to carry out worship even though the implementation of worship is carried out because of obligation not because of their own awareness, children carry out worship because of their own awareness that they get from training. Another change is that children have the initiative to carry out other acts of worship such as reading the Quran before prayer, performing midnight prayers at night.

Life satisfaction (LS) is a core dimension of subjective well-being and is linked to many life outcomes in adolescents. Among other indicators of optimal functioning in youth, LS has been understudied; not until the last decade did research on adolescent LS show a resurgence. Parent–child attachment relationships are considered a vital factor contributing to adolescent LS. However, extant studies are predominantly cross-sectional, and few studies have examined its underlying mechanisms. This study is designed to bridge those gaps. Drawing on ecological system theories, it examines the association between parent–child attachment relationships and adolescent LS. It also investigates resilience as a mediator and teacher-student relationships (TSR) as a moderator using a three-wave longitudinal design, with a 6-month interval between each wave. Participants were 815 Chinese adolescents (53.9% boys, Mage = 11.53 years) and one of their parents (65.28% mothers). Adolescents reported on TSR at T1, resilience at T2, and LS at T1 and T3, whereas their parents reported on parent–child attachment relationships at T1. Overall, results of the moderated mediation model indicate that after controlling for T1 LS and covariates, T1 parent–child attachment relationships predicted T3 LS via T2 resilience only for adolescents with a high-quality TSR but not for those with a low or medium quality of TSR. This research contributes to the literature on the synergistic interplay between interpersonal and intrapersonal resources in predicting resilience and LS in adolescents. The findings have implications for well-being interventions for adolescents with diverse qualities of connections with teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has continued to indicate that the proliferation of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has the potential to alleviate poverty in developing countries. While theoretically, there are several mechanisms through which ICT may reduce poverty, they have not been empirically tested sufficiently. The present study aimed to recognize the mechanisms through which ICT may reduce poverty for a sample of 37 economies in the Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) region during the period 2003–2019. Altering the income distribution, improving the ecological system, increasing the employment rate, increasing per capita income, and improving institutional quality were the assumed mechanisms through which ICT may reduce poverty. The results of the two‐step system GMM technique showed that while an increase in the per capita income and employment rate contributed positively to poverty reduction, improvement in the environmental quality increased the poverty rate. The causal mediation analysis findings showed that ICT strengthened the negative impact of worsening the quality of the environment on poverty. However, the strengthened positive impact of ICT on poverty through employment and per capita income was greater than the negative influence through the environmental mechanism. Thus, all national strategies or initiatives aimed at reducing poverty in SSA must incorporate pro‐poor ICT policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Capital Institute of Physical Education is the property of Shoudu Tiyu Xueyuan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study takes Tianjin as an example to analyze how to build the manufacturing industry chain ecosystem. Based on the ecosystem theory, the related literature of manufacturing industry chain and value chain, and combined with various action plans for the development of manufacturing industry in Tianjin, the structure chart and construction roadmap of industrial chain ecosystem were drawn. Based on the input–output data of 42 sectors in Tianjin, this study calculated and analyzed the changes in embedment degree of various manufacturing industries in Global Value Chain (GVC) and National Value Chain (NVC) in Tianjin from 2010 to 2017. It is found that the industrial chain ecosystem is mainly composed of four elements: the enterprises on the industrial chain, the information flowing among enterprises, the goods circulating among enterprises, and the external environment of enterprises. The connection of supply and demand chains, enterprise chains, space chains and value chains forms an industrial chain, and the value chain is a crucial relationship chain in the connection mechanism. In addition, 2015 is a turning point for Tianjin manufacturing industry to embed in GVC and NVC, mainly due to the industrial economic adjustment in Tianjin, the global economic turmoil, and the establishment of the manufacturing industrial park. In terms of R&D intensity, high and medium high-tech manufacturing industries tend to be embedded in GVC, but are easily affected by enterprises and environmental factors. However, low and medium low-tech manufacturing industries still have ample space to integrate into GVC, information and products are important factors to determine the upgrading of its industrial chain. Therefore, in order to better construct the industrial chain ecosystem of manufacturing industry and enhance the industrial competitiveness of Tianjin's manufacturing industry, it is necessary to give priority to the development of high-tech manufacturing industry, expand the international openness of low-tech manufacturing industry, support regional advantageous industries, and carry out dynamic regulation of industrial ecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • BBN-Hg has the advantages of good selectivity and long emission wavelength. • BBN-Hg has successfully achieved exogenous imaging of cells and zebrafish. • Qualitative and quantitative detection of exogenous Hg2+ in soil was achieved. • BBN-Hg can visualize the distribution of exogenous Hg2+ in plants. • Using a smartphone, the visual detection of Hg2+ in the environment is realized. Mercury ion (Hg2+), a heavy metal cation with greater toxicity, is widely present in the ecological environment and has become a serious threat to human health and environmental safety. Currently, developing a solution to simultaneously visualize and monitor Hg2+ in environmental samples, including water, soil, and plants, remains a great challenge. In this work, we created and synthesized a near-infrared fluorescent probe, BBN-Hg, and utilized Hg2+ to trigger the partial cleavage of the carbon sulfate ester in BBN-Hg as a sensing mechanism, and the fluorescence intensity of BBN-Hg was significantly enhanced at 650 nm, thus realizing the visualization of Hg2+ with good selectivity (detection limit, 53 nM). In live cells and zebrafish, the probe BBN-Hg enhances the red fluorescence signal in the presence of Hg2+, and successfully performs 3D imaging on zebrafish, making it a powerful tool for detecting Hg2+ in living systems. More importantly, with BBN-Hg, we are able to detect Hg2+ in actual water samples, soil and plant seedling roots. Furthermore, the probe was prepared as a test strip for on-site determination of Hg2+ with the assistance of a smartphone. Therefore, this study offers an easy-to-use and useful method for tracking Hg2+ levels in living organisms and their surroundings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ecological response of nematode communities to dam construction has limited attention. In this study, the response of intertidal nematode communities in the Ba Lai River (Mekong Delta, Vietnam) to the construction of an irrigation dam was investigated. Nematode communities and environmental parameters were investigated during the rainy season of 2015. The obtained results showed that the Ba Lai dam had caused negative impacts on the local environment by disrupting longitudinal connectivity, the accumulation of nutrients (total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus), and heavy metals (copper, iron, arsenic, lead) in the upstream and the lateral sides of the dam, consequently leading to changes in the nematode communities. The response of nematode communities to the dam's presence was clear based on their abundance, diversity, dominant genera, and community composition. Furthermore, changes in the abundance and diversity of nematodes in the Ba Lai River appeared to be controlled primarily by acidity (pH), total suspended solids (TSS), iron (Fe), clay, and salinity most responsible for changes to nematode communities. Because the nematode communities are well adapted to the physicochemical disturbances caused by dam construction, they are a potential tool for ecological monitoring and understanding the influence of dams on aquatic ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological farming is increasing worldwide, as more and more consumers prefer chemical-free fruits. As a result, ecological farming is becoming increasingly appealing to European farmers, including those in Romania. However, implementing an effective ecological phytosanitary program remains a challenge for farmers due to limited options and a lack of information about their effectiveness. Romania is a major producer of plums and ranks second in the world after China. Aphids are common pests of plum, and some species are vectors of the damaging Plum pox virus, and therefore require special attention regarding their control. Eight ecological products were tested both in the field and laboratory for a duration of three vegetative periods to determine their efficiency in aphid control. The effects of ecological products were compared with five chemical insecticides known to be effective against aphids. Observations were made 24 and 48 h after spraying. Two of the eight ecological products tested were proven to be efficient in aphid control, Ovipron Top and Prev-Am, with a mortality rate over 90%. The results indicate that these two ecological products are comparable in effectiveness to chemical insecticides and could be suitable candidates for both ecological and conventional treatment programs.

The consumer’s interest in his/her health and the quality of his/her food has increased as well as in environmental issues such as animal welfare. Consumers believe that organic and similar (traditional) production systems are more advantageous for consumers (providing healthier food) and animals (providing better welfare). The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of different rearing systems (organic, conventional and traditional) on the physicochemical properties and oxidation states of pork meat. The meat samples were obtained from three different rearing systems of pigs: organic, conventional and traditional. The samples (M. biceps femoris) were obtained from producers directly 3 days after slaughtering for analysis. The following physical and chemical parameters were analyzed: color (according to the CIE L * a * b * system), pH, dry matter, protein, collagen, fat and ash. The oxidation state of the meat samples was measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs), free fatty acid (FFA) and antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). The results indicated that the rearing system affects most of the evaluated parameters. A significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in color parameters L* and b*, where the conventional pork samples were darker and the organic pork yellower. Total protein content in meat of pigs raised in a conventional system was higher (22.23%) than for organic (20.36%) and traditional (21.21%). The fat content in the meat of organically reared pigs was higher (2.81%) than in pork from conventional and traditional systems (1.43% and 0.37%, respectively). Organic pork was more susceptible to oxidation processes due to its higher TBARS (1.24 mg/kg) and FFA (1.15% fat as oleic acid) values and lower antioxidant capacity (26.42% inhibition), which may result in inferior technological properties of meat.

By reviewing the research progress and main achievements of permafrost in northeast China, it was summarized that the main research progress of permafrost degradation in northeast China from the aspects of research methods, driving factors of permafrost degradation, and the impacts on ecosystem and environment in cold regions. Affected by climate change and human activities, the permafrost area shrunk, the freeze, thaw depth changed, and the southern boundary of permafrost moved northward. Ecosystem and environmental change were affected by permafrost degradation in the cold region of Northeast China, resulting in trees dumping, forest belt transfer, swamp shrinkage, soil greenhouse gas emissions, and biogeochemical cycle interference. In the future, the research on the effects of permafrost degradation on the interaction of comprehensive permafrost, forest, wetland ecosystem should be focused on studying. The response of carbon storage, carbon migration, and carbon cycle to climate change should be strengthened. The impact of permafrost degradation on regional ecological environment needs to be clarified. Modeling prediction and the development of new technologies should be strengthened to explore the trend of permafrost degradation and reveal the mechanism of permafrost degradation from multiple perspectives and scales in northeast China. The comprehensive development of environment and social economy should be taken into consideration to promote ecological protection and environmental safety development in northeast permafrost region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studying the temporal and spatial changes of ecosystem service value (ESV) in key national ecological function areas can provide guidance for ecological policy formulation. Taking Dayu County as the study area, on the basis of the land use cover data of the 5th period, the ecosystem service value of Dayu County was estimated based on the revised equivalent factor table, and the ecosystem service value was spatially evaluated under the 500m×500m grid. Reconstruction, using spatial autocorrelation method to study the spatial agglomeration characteristics of ecosystem service value in Dayu County. The results show that: the value of ecosystem services in Dayu County is in a downward trend on the whole, with a total reduction of 149 million RMB yuan in 20 years; the value of forest land ecosystem services has a large proportion, which is the main contributing factor and sensitive factor. The value of the supply service function lost the most; the ecosystem service value showed a significant positive correlation in space, and the high and high agglomeration areas and the low and low agglomeration areas were widely distributed. The construction land in Dayu County has expanded rapidly and the forest land has continued to decrease. It is necessary to fully excavate the stock construction land, promote the link between urban and rural increase and decrease, strictly protect the forest land in areas with fragile ecological environment such as ecological public welfare forest and water conservation forest, vigorously develop tourism, and guide the national key green development of ecological functional areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]