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The article is devoted to the analysis of the discussions around the theory of cultural interactions by Chinese philosopher Liang Shuming. The teaching was formed in the 1920s in the framework of New Culture Movement and resonated both with contemporaries and nowadays thinkers contemplating global changes. The relevance of the study of Liang Shuming’s ideas on culture is due to its popularity in the culture of modern China. The study aims to identify the starting points that made it possible to form the modern concept of culture with Chinese characteristics. In accordance with the set goal, it was necessary to solve the following tasks: 1) analyze the views of Liang Shuming on the relationship between Western and Chinese cultures; 2) clarify the specifics of Liang Shuming’s conceptual apparatus, considering the key ideas of his book Eastern and Western Cultures and Their Philosophies; 3) identify the features of the interpretation of Liang’s ideas about the role of Chinese culture in various philosophical traditions; 4) describe the key ideas of discussions about the role of Chinese culture in the 1920s; 5) trace the reception of Liang Shuming’s ideas in modern Chinese philosophy. The study is based on the original works of Liang Shuming and their critical reviews from both Europe and the Americas. The methods employed are those of comparative analysis and the hermeneutic approach. Turning to Liang's teachings allowed us to use this specific example to trace the features of the formation of the theory of interaction between Western and Chinese culture in the Chinese version of the philosophy of culture. As a result of the research, new sources on Chinese philosophy of culture are introduced into scientific circulation, allowing us to expand and deepen the interpretation of the problems of the relationship between Western and Chinese cultures and values in the context of the problems posed by Liang Shuming. Their analysis against the backdrop of discussions a century ago shows that the idea of a triune Chinese culture as the future of world civilization remains debatable today. At the same time, the philosophy of the special Chinese way actively absorbs the ideas of dialectical interaction between East and West, which lie in line with Liang’s reasoning about China as a world civilization.

Anime is widely known and has a numerous army of admirers all over the world. It originated in Japan almost 70 years ago, but, as time went by, this style of animation has won the audience, become recognised worldwide and still has not lost its appeal. The authors of the article aim to discover whether it continues to be popular today among the students of one particular Russian university and indicate the reasons for that. The methodology used in the paper involves literature analysis and synthesis, generalization, comparative analysis, statistical analysis, and a survey. The sample of the study consisted of 170 undergraduate students aged 17 to 20 from the Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk, Russia). The received results demonstrated that most students got acquainted with this genre while being at school but hitherto favour it. Anime, being an incentive for many young people, inspires them to study the history, traditions and culture of Japan and compare it with other countries, thus, being a part of the global anime community. The survey also revealed the main reasons of anime popularity such as a fascinating plot, variety of genres, bright images of the characters and identified the filmmaker with the highest number of votes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to reveal how the childfree controversy on social media relates to feminism and eastern culture using a review. This research is descriptive qualitative with a virtual research approach using units of analysis in the form of text, images, comments from netizens, as well as news about the childfree controversy which started on social media Instagram, TikTok and YouTube. The results of the analysis of Sara Mills' critical discourse show that the position of netizens is as a subject who provides criticism or support, while the position of actors is as an object in discourse construction. The childfree controversy also has implications for views of feminism and eastern culture, as the finding that childfree views from actors triggers pro and con responses from netizens.

Women in Eastern culture are often thought of as “the other”. Similarly, feminism in Indonesian literature is also considered a contemporary literary phenomenon in the 21st century. However, according to our research findings, feminism in Indonesian literature has been present since 1901, during Dutch colonialism. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate how feminism is represented in Indonesian literature. The source of this research data is Four Novels by Ki Padmasusastra (FNKP), published between 1901 and 1924. We used qualitative methods to analyze the data. The results showed that FNKP is a postcolonial novel that represents feminism and educational values. Feminism in FNKP was influenced by the Dutch during the colonial period in Indonesia. The authors seek to show that feminism is not at odds with Eastern culture but rather reflects its diversity and complexity. Through literature, the authors seek to educate readers about the similarities and differences between Eastern and Western cultures and how they can coexist in modern society.

As a shining pearl in Chinese traditional culture, Mulan is deeply rooted in the people’s hearts with its unique female hero image. This work not only depicts the legendary experience of Hua Mulan's heroic fighting in the army instead of her father, but also cleverly integrates the family’s core elements and the ones of honor, loyalty and so on under the background of Eastern culture, so that the story has profound cultural heritage. First of all, the Oriental cultural complex is clearly reflected in Mulan. The scenes, costumes, etiquette and other details in the film all reflect the ancient Cinha’s unique charm, presenting the audience with an art world full of Oriental aesthetics. In addition, through Mulan’s character, the film shows the family’s high value and the one of honor and loyalty in Eastern culture. Secondly, Mulan’s role fully embodies female values in the film. He not only bravely joined the army for his father, but also made repeated achievements on the battlefield, breaking the shackles of gender stereotypes. This subversion of traditional gender roles highlights the women’s important status and value in society, and plays a role in promoting the awakening of female consciousness in Eastern culture. Finally, it analyzes Mulan’s influence on female consciousness and finds that it plays a vital role in shaping and inheriting female consciousness in Oriental culture. Mulan's heroic image inspires women’s future generations to face difficulties bravely and pursue self-worth. At the same time, Mulan's actions beyond the restrictions of traditional social roles also provide a model for women to realize individual independence and autonomy.

Language and culture are entangled (Translations, 2018). A specific language typically points to a particular cluster of individuals. Language and culture share a symbiotic relationship. When people intermingle with people of different languages, it means that people are also intermingling with the values, norms and beliefs of that speaker. People cannot comprehend one's values without retrieving its language directly. When people learn a new language, it not only involves the learning of the structure of that language but also involves the learning about the cultural norms, values, manners and behavior. The main aim behind this research is to explore the linguistic choices as representative of Eastern culture in “The diary of Social Butterfly”. Textual analysis is performed in order to investigate the representation of culture and language in novel. This research has been conducted in the milieu of framework given by Sapir & Whorf and Wardhaugh (2011). The findings of the research reveal that Moni Mohsin has used food terminologies, kinship terminologies, dress terminologies, religious terminologies, professional terminologies and Festival terminologies of Eastern countries in order to highlight the Eastern culture. She has used words like Gulab Jamans Luddoos, shahi tukras, kheer, badaam ka halwa, Behari kebabs seekh kebabs, kaala, gora, bhai, ammi, saas, bahu, in sha Allah and many others. These all words are representatives of the culture of East.

Culture greatly influences our attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors, affecting how we communicate and make decisions. There is an ongoing debate regarding the belief that people from Eastern cultures possess greater self-control abilities when compared to people from Western cultures. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis using the Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) algorithm to compare 30 studies (719 subjects, 373 foci) that used fMRI to investigate the performance in Go–Nogo and Stop Signal Tasks of participants from Western and/or Eastern countries. Our meta-analysis found differences between the networks activated in Eastern and Western culture participants. The right prefrontal cortex showed distinct patterns, with the Inferior Frontal gyrus more active in the Eastern group and the middle and superior frontal gyri more active in the Western group. Our findings suggest that Eastern culture subjects have a higher tendency to activate brain regions involved in proactive inhibitory control, while Western culture subjects rely more on reactive inhibitory brain regions during cognitive control tasks. This implies that proactive inhibition may play a crucial role in promoting the collective and interdependent behavior typical of Eastern cultures, while reactive inhibition may be more important for efficient cognitive control in subjects of Western cultures that prioritize individualism and independence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Appreciative joy refers to feeling happy for others with appreciative and unenvious attitudes and is emphasized in Buddhist and Chinese culture. Empirical studies on appreciative joy have recently appeared in multiple disciplines in psychology, and it is time to summarize their findings and potential limitations. In terms of interpersonal attitudes, studies have supported that appreciative joy and appreciative joy meditation (AJM) activate altruism, promote cooperation, counter envy and influence interpersonal perceptions. As for subjective well-being, studies have consistently supported appreciative joy and AJM contribute to positive emotions, but the arousal dimension of positive emotions is still under debate. The effects of appreciative joy and AJM on other aspects of subjective well-being, as well as the underlying mechanisms, require more investigation. The prevalence of this trait across cultures and its association with emotional attachment also point to its role in ethics, virtue, and the evolution of human beings. Future studies need to develop a specific paradigm to better induce and validate appreciative joy in addition to AJM to research appreciative joy in system-informed and cross-cultural ways, and to develop theories to explain the mechanisms underlying the effects of appreciative joy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polissema is the property of Polissema and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Why has live streaming e-commerce become so popular in Asian countries? The advancement of telecommunication technology is insufficient to explain such a regional phenomenon. In this qualitative research, we analyze live streaming videos to discover cultural indicators to give answers to the question. To do so, we identified the features of live streaming e-commerce, such as identification, parasocialization, and community, from a literature review and reinterpreted them to articulate cultural indicators by applying anthropologists' cultural dimensions. We verified this conceptual methodology through a video analysis method (n=10) based on interpretivism for case study research. We discovered the hidden cultural features such as belongingness, affective engagement, group trust, co-ownership, and so on. The features are consistent with anthropologists' dimensions of Eastern culture, which indicates that the popularity of live streaming ecommerce is highly related to cultural backgrounds. Marketers can consider the features in developing marketing strategies to be more consumer-culture friendly and systematic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türkologiya is the property of Presidium of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Eastern culture-based art education is an effort to strengthen and build national identity through the transfer of knowledge and the transfer of value in the values of diversity and cultural preservation. The purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual picture of strengthening national identity through learning art education based on eastern culture. The method used is qualitative research by examining science theoretically through literature study, documentation, video, and audio study approaches that are analyzed descriptively. The results showed that some of the eastern cultural arts which are full of messages, moral values, and philosophy of life as a foundation for strengthening and building national identity through art education based on eastern culture are the arts of go laba, Ja’i, and reba traditional rituals. The art is a tradition of the people of Ngada, Flores, NTT which is used as an accompanying event in traditional rituals such as the ritual of making a new traditional house, the ritual of making customary symbols (ngadhu-bhaga), and the ritual of pesat kampung (ka nua). While, the conceptualization picture of strengthening the national identity through learning art education based on eastern culture can be done by; First, the stages of classification by selecting various kinds of art genres (music, dance, theater, visual) Eastern culture, to find meaning and values embodied in local wisdom. Second, the identification stage by identifying the learning of arts-based on eastern culture in the form of text and context into the realm of affective, cognitive, psychomotor, and creative. Third, the implementation stage by applying the results of classifying and identifying eastern culture-based art learning to be applied to students so they can understand the values contained in local culture and have cultural intelligence.

The aim of this research is to compare and examine the effectiveness of an emotional, Shock and humour advertising strategies in terms of brand recall, image and attitudes towards the advertisement and purchase intentions towards the brand. Secondly, to determine the moderating effects of generation Y on these three types of advertisements. And lastly, to provide marketers with a better understanding of the effectiveness of three types of advertisements and emphasize the importance of alternative methods of breaking through the advertising clutter. To measure the impact of different types's advertisement, six advertisements from each of the three categories, i.e. Shock; Humour and Emotional are shortlisted and linked together. These advertisements (18 in total) are then shown to respondents. Respondents recorded their views in the questionnaire. A total 345 respondents participated in this study. Brand recall is high in both emotional and humorous ads, but the purchase intention is high in an emotional advertisement in eastern culture. Type of product should influence the advertising approach in the promotion of a brand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article study the social phenomena of early marriage from a cultural and customary law perspective, providing adolescents with a great understanding of maintaining eastern culture, preserving local cultural values by filtering the current of globalization and providing knowledge about the impact of early marriage on their rculture, manteining family integrity. Therefore, we recommend that the community carry out a socialization on the importance of maintaining local cultural knowledge and wisdom about preparing for marriage in adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eastern culture-based art education is an effort to strengthen and build national identity through the transfer of knowledge and the transfer of value in the values of diversity and cultural preservation. The purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual picture of strengthening national identity through learning art education based on eastern culture. The method used is qualitative research by examining science theoretically through literature study, documentation, video, and audio study approaches that are analyzed descriptively. The results showed that some of the eastern cultural arts which are full of messages, moral values, and philosophy of life as a foundation for strengthening and building national identity through art education based on eastern culture are the arts of go laba, Ja'i, and reba traditional rituals. The art is a tradition of the people of Ngada, Flores, NTT which is used as an accompanying event in traditional rituals such as the ritual of making a new traditional house, the ritual of making customary symbols (ngadhu-bhaga), and the ritual of pesat kampung (ka nua). While, the conceptualization picture of strengthening the national identity through learning art education based on eastern culture can be done by; First, the stages of classification by selecting various kinds of art genres (music, dance, theater, visual) Eastern culture, to find meaning and values embodied in local wisdom. Second, the identification stage by identifying the learning of arts-based on eastern culture in the form of text and context into the realm of affective, cognitive, psychomotor, and creative. Third, the implementation stage by applying the results of classifying and identifying eastern culture-based art learning to be applied to students so they can understand the values contained in local culture and have cultural intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to clarify what motivates East Asian work behavior. The research question is: How can a Western manager better understand work behavior and motivation in East Asian cultures? Knowledge about national culture, motivation and the concept of happiness are connected via deductive and comparative methods, while pointing out their new connections and relations. We argue that work motivation in East Asian cultures can be explained using the self-concept-based motivation meta-theory as it corresponds to the East Asian concept of face and that the East Asian self-concept originates with the Eastern concept of happiness.

The article deals with the subject of the sitting figure, which seems to be an important element of both practice and reflection in Buddhism. The real inspiration to write this article was the introduction of quarantine in many countries, including Poland, and this fact certainly changed the lifestyle of many people, contributing significantly to the immobilization of many of them. Looking at this situation through the prism of Buddhism, especially Zen Buddhism, to which most of the information contained in this text refers, would be best considered only as a contribution to reflection on the cultural dimensions of the „sitting figure„. This figure, at least from the Buddhist perspective, seems to be an important element conditioning the view of reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise of modern science took place in Western Europe, and one may ask why this was the case. We analyze the roots of modern science by replacing scientific ideas within the framework of Western culture, notably the twin heritage of biblical thought and Greek philosophy. We also investigate Eastern (mostly Chinese) traditions so as to highlight Western beliefs by comparison, and to argue for their relevance to contemporary science. Classical Western conceptions that fostered the rise of science are now largely obsolete, and Eastern thought might be a source of new insights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of age and gender on Eastern and Western cultural values imbedded in online advertising. This study conducted a survey of 180 men and women ages between 10s and 60s who lived in Seoul, Korea. They responded the acceptance degree of six online advertising emphasized three Korean traditional values and three Modern values. Research hypotheses of this study were the acceptance of cultural values in online advertising is different between ages, but similar between gender. The hypotheses were supported as the previous studies. Findings suggest several theoretical and practical implications that convergence between modern and traditional values is a more important variable to study in the research of online advertising. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors examined associations between different forms of children's friendship nomination reciprocity (mutual, unilateral given, unilateral received) and other measures of children's peer social competence (liking, loneliness, overt aggression, perceived popularity) for 501 Chinese third- to sixth-grade students. Using a multigroup path analysis (with gender as group), for both boys and girls, all three forms of friendship nominations were negatively related to self-reported loneliness. Mutual friendship nominations and unilateral received friendship nominations were positively related to peer nominations for liking and to peer nominations of perceived popularity. The path between unilateral received friendship nominations and perceived popularity was higher for boys than for girls. Also, for boys only, mutual friendship nominations and unilateral received friendship nominations were each negatively related to peer nominations of overt aggression. These patterns are somewhat different from research examining the association of forms of friendships to peer social competence for children in Western cultures. Findings are discussed in terms of the importance of the relation of different forms of friendship nominations to children's peer social competence as well as the broad association of culture for these relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 19th century was an important period in which Ottoman cultural studies gained momentum in the West and a rich literature on Eastern sources was produced. While the interest and curiosity for the classical period of the East increased, some orientalists focused on philology, lexicology, linguistics and history and produced various works in these fields. The main objective of these studies was to introduce the Eastern culture to Western audience and to increase the well-deserved reputation for Eastern languages and literature. Among these orientalists, lexicographer James William Redhouse [1811-1892] and Ottomanist E. J. W. Gibb [1857-1901] hold an important place. Redhouse pioneered the Ottoman studies in the West in the field of lexicography with his prominent works An English and Turkish Dictionary and Lexicon English and Turkish. Meanwhile, Gibb wrote the first modern history of Ottoman literature with his monumental works Ottoman Poems and A History of Ottoman Poetry. This article aims to reveal the connection between Redhouse and Gibb by way of new archival documents gathered from different libraries in England. In this context, I will undertake a close reading to these documents and try to show the ways both intellectuals supported each other in understanding and interpreting Ottoman culture, shared information, and supported each other in the writing process of their works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Capital Institute of Physical Education is the property of Shoudu Tiyu Xueyuan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research offers some insights into applicability of nine-ending prices in Eastern culture for the pricing of green products. The research was accomplished through two experimental studies, the first experiment was designed as a 2 (nine-endings vs. control) x 2 (green vs. non-green) mixed design, and the second as a 3 (nine-endings, five-endings vs. control) x 2 (motivations: hedonic vs. utilitarian) between-subjects design. The results show that consumers do not favor nine-ending prices for green products. However, the consumers' varied product purchase motivations are found to have a significant influence on preference for particular price-endings, which have important practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learner autonomy has been a focus of research for last more than three decades. Teachers are considered a potential instrument in bringing change but their role, however, received little space which is observed recently, particularly in developing learner autonomy in language classrooms. This paper examines the beliefs of Pakistani English teachers about the feasibility of autonomy in learners at BS level and investigates the potential socio-cultural constraints restricting the development of learner autonomy. A sample of 16 English language teachers was selected from four public universities and data were gathered through semi-structured interviews. Data were later analysed thematically. Pakistani learners and teachers believed that learner autonomy is a new concept. Culture has been found playing a major role in limiting the role of learner autonomy. The present study indicates that perceived barriers should be removed for successful promotion of autonomy in learners.

Copyright of Journal of Ottoman Literature Studies / Divan Edebiyatı Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Ottoman Literature Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The text comprises of two parts. The first is dealing with the basic historical preconditions for the formation of modern cultural patterns common to the largest part of the Serbian population and their relation towards those cultural patterns which appear today in the developed part of the world and are referred to as modern. The research shows that the historical auto/production of cultural patterns is marked by contradictions in Serbia, especially in considering the encounter between the East and the West, traditional and modern. The main finding of this research is that, due to this kind of development (characteristic of a border areas of which Serbia was a part until the end of the previous century) it is, in these parts, impossible to make the usual distinction between the two cultural cores (those of the Western and Eastern cultures), supported by two - unevenly sized - separate and mutually confronted groupings (the traditional strata and modernization actors) and that the above-mentioned splits characterize all the empirical actors whose effects are marked by these controversies on the inside. The second part of the paper sums up the findings of the empirical research carried out within the joint comparative frameworks of the project: "The Socio-Economic Culture of Eastern Europe in the Enlarged Union: an Asset or a Liability? ".

This study explores beliefs and classroom practices of teachers from collectivist nations through the lens of Hofstede's cultural dimensions. In this grounded theory study, an in-depth investigation of the ways in which six teachers from five different collectivist countries described their beliefs and classroom practices was carried out. Through the constant comparative method, the two authors grouped the findings into categories of beliefs and practices which were then examined through the lens of the six dimensions of Hofstede's model of cultural difference. Six categories of classroom practices, Pedagogy, Interaction, Student Role, Teacher Support, Differential Assessment, and Behavioral Management and three major beliefs, Importance of Teacher-Student Relatedness, Teaching: a Social Responsibility, and Learning for Life Skills emerged from the findings. The comparison revealed a multi-dimensional structure of teachers' practices with strong evidence of both traditional and constructivist practices. Our findings indicate that collectivist teachers will embrace individualistic practices of teaching which are congruent with their own cultural beliefs. Thus, the findings will add to the literature on cultural beliefs that affect teaching and learning. The findings will have implications for teachers, researchers, and policy makers in refining their perception of collectivist teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]