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Purpose Context characteristics of emerging economies differ significantly from those in developed economies. Considering this substantial difference, this study aims to identify the drivers and barriers for new product development (NPD) success in the context of an emerging economy by drawing on the resource-based view. Design/methodology/approach Data was collected from firms in different sectors in the Aegean Region of Turkey using the Wageningen Innovation Assessment Tool. Of 189 responses, 94 fit the criteria and used for statistical analysis. The data is analyzed using a two-step procedure, namely, a confirmatory factor analysis followed by a binary logistic regression that is used to model the probability in the study of the success of NPD. Findings The results reveal that along with the context characteristics of an emerging economy setting, internal capabilities matter for NPD success. Based on interviews with NPD managers, it was found that, among other factors, the close relationship with local customers is key for new product success, while introducing high innovative products to the market of an emerging economy may not be appropriate due to the specific conditions of such economies. Practical implications This study will be useful to the managers to understand the extent to which the degree of newness of a product affects NPD success in an emerging economy setting. It also highlights the importance of securing firm resources before starting an innovation activity in this setting where resources such as financial resources, knowledge and physical resources are limited. From a policy perspective, this study provides certain insights as well. That is, government officials in emerging economies should be very careful about their informal actions that might disrupt the investment and innovation environment. Originality/value Emerging economies are important for large firms seeking growth. They initiate manufacturing activities and increasingly perform innovation activities in those countries. However, the conditions to innovate are different from those in developed economies. Research into the factors that drive innovation is largely in an embryonic state. This study offers NPD researchers a deeper understanding of the drivers and barriers to innovation, particularly internal ones that may affect the NPD success in an emerging economy setting, in this case, that of Turkey. The results provide suggestions for policymakers to consider during the development of new innovation policies. For practitioners, this study outlines novel combinations of internal factors that lead to NPD success., Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK-SOBAG-109K388], The data set of this study was collected under a project supported by a grant from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-SOBAG-109K388).

The bioeconomy occupies the centre of the Green Deal, the EU’s plan to support transformative growth following the COVID-19 episode. However, parts of the EU, such as countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) continue to lag behind in harnessing the potential held by the bioeconomy. This article argues that in CEE countries, where the primary and conventional bioeconomy sectors play a more important role, ‘early’ transition pathways such as improvements in productivity and practice- as well as commercialisation-oriented innovation (the do–use–interact model: DUI) are just as important as approaches based on (generally publicly supported) R&D, innovation adoption, and technology transfer (science–technology–innovation model: STI), typically associated with high-value bioindustrial applications. The argument is tested by conducting a survey of 352 experts in the region that gives an insight into the CEE macro-region’s assets with respect to deploying the bioeconomy’s potential and assessing the transition pathways relevant to the better performance of bioeconomy (primary, manufacturing, and other related) sectors. The results show the particular relevance of consolidating the primary and traditional sectors to support improvements in productivity based on the vertical and horizontal interaction typically associated with DUI, while the relevance of STI is mostly linked to advanced sectors, which are narrowly distributed across the region. The findings are relevant to policy given that the EU’s bioeconomy policy has thus far chiefly focused on STI support that better corresponds to the needs of countries at more advanced stages of developing the bioeconomy, but is less appropriate for the specific context and needs of CEE.

Background and Purpose: Business model innovation (BMI) has become increasingly important, especially in the fast changing business environment. While large enterprises approach these changes systematically, small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are left to their own resourcefulness. For the purpose of developing dedicated methods and tools to support different SMEs in addressing these challenges, we have conducted a multiple case study to gain insights into factors that drive SMEs to innovate their BM, how they approach BMI and what changes they made to their BM. Design/Methodology/Approach: First the framework of analysis was developed based on BMI research frameworks identified in literature review. Then the multiple case studies were conducted following the case study protocol developed by Envision project. Results: Based on the proposed framework the results of four Slovene SME cases revealed differences between enterprises regarding the drivers behind BMI and changes in usage of the different BMI elements. Conclusion: Overall, the results suggest all four SMEs, coming from different sectors, are facing BMI challenges without systematically addressing it and without using any dedicated BM ontologies or tools. Ozadje in namen: Inoviranje poslovnega modela (IPM) postaja bolj in bolj pomembno še posebej v hitro spremin- jajočem se poslovnem okolju. Medtem ko se velika podjetja lotevajo teh sprememb sistematično, so mala in srednje velika podjetja (MSP) prepuščena lastni iznajdljivosti. Za namen razvijanja metod in orodij namenjenim podpori inoviranju poslovnih modelov v MSP podjetjih, smo naredili študijo več primerov, da bi pridobili vpogled v dejavnike, ki vodijo MSP podjetja v inoviranje lastnih poslovnih modelov, spoznali kako pristopajo do le-tega in katere spremembe so naredili v lastnem poslovnem modelu. Oblikovanje/Metodologija/Pristop: Najprej smo razvili okvire analize na osnovi pregleda literature raziskovalnih okvirov inoviranja poslovnih modelov. Nato smo izvedli študijo več primerov, sledeč protokolu študij primerov razvitem v okviru projekta Envision. Rezultati: Na osnovi predlaganega okvira analize so rezultati štirih slovenskih MSP pokazali razlike med podjetji glede na različna gonila za inoviranjem poslovnega modela in spremembe različnih elementov IPM. Zaključek: Na splošno, spoznanja kažejo, da se vsa štiri proučevana podjetja, vsako iz različnega sektorja, soočajo z izzivi IPM ne da bi do njih pristopali sistematično in ne da bi uporabljali ontologije ali orodja poslovnih modelov.

This dissertation aims to analyze the behavior of innovations undertaken by cachaça producer organizations from the state of Paraíba and its precedents (drivers and enablers) throughout the Organizational Life Cycle. To reach this objective the methodological procedures were executed in two phases. The first was exploratory, in an attempt to characterize the cachaça producer organizations from Paraíba as to the stage of the Organizational Life Cycle, under a quantitative perspective, in which a survey was conducted using questionnaires with 23 cachaça distilleries from the state of Paraíba. In this phase the data were analyzed through the use of the Average Ranking technique and supported by the basic descriptive statistics. The second phase using a qualitative approach made use of the multiple case study research strategy in two cachaça distilleries selected from the results of the first phase of the study. In this new phase, the data were collected through semi-structured interviews, document analysis and systematic direct observation and treated through the technique of content analysis. The Phase I results showed that the cachaça distilleries in Paraíba are in different phases of the Organizational Life Cycle: seven in birth, eight in growth, three in maturity, three in the renewal phase, and two in the process of decline. Of these cachaça distilleries, two that (denominated cachaça distilleries A and B) are in the phase of renovation were selected from previously established criteria. The second phase results showed that both A and B cachaça distilleries developed product innovations with radical intensity, of process with radical and incremental intensity, of the organizational type with radical and incremental intensity and of marketing, with a radical and incremental character in the cachaça distilleries A, and with a radical degree in cachaça distilleries B, along its trajectories. The main innovation drivers evidenced were the market leadership and opportunity and the main factors that enabled the development of innovations in the cachaça distilleries were human resources and financial resources. It is concluded that the innovation way does not depend specifically on the configuration at a certain stage of the organizational life cycle, in other words, the direction to innovation must consider the characteristics of organizations in terms of strategy, structure, situation and style of decision making, beyond the resources possessed and the trajectory covered by the organization. Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento das inovações empreendidas por organizações produtoras de cachaça do Estado da Paraíba e seus precedentes (condutores e habilitadores) ao longo do Ciclo de Vida Organizacional. Para atender a tal objetivo, os procedimentos metodológicos foram executados em duas fases. A primeira exploratória, na intenção de caracterizar as organizações produtoras de cachaça da Paraíba quanto ao estágio do Ciclo de Vida Organizacional, sob uma perspectiva quantitativa, na qual foi empreendido um survey utilizando questionários com 23 engenhos produtores de cachaça do Estado da Paraíba. Nessa fase os dados foram analisados por meio da utilização da técnica de Ranking Médio e suportada pela estatística descritiva básica. A segunda fase, sob uma abordagem qualitativa, fez uso da estratégia de pesquisa de estudo de casos múltiplos em dois engenhos selecionados a partir dos resultados da primeira fase do estudo. Nessa nova etapa, os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, análise de documentos e observação direta sistemática e tratados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados da fase I demonstraram que os engenhos produtores de cachaça do Estado da Paraíba se encontram em diferentes fases do Ciclo de Vida Organizacional: sete em fase de nascimento, oito em fase de crescimento, três em fase de maturidade, três em fase de renovação e dois em fase de declínio. Desses engenhos, dois (denominados de engenho A e engenho B) que estão na fase de renovação foram selecionados a partir de critérios previamente estabelecidos. Os resultados da segunda fase evidenciaram que tanto o engenho A quanto o engenho B desenvolveram inovações de produto com intensidade radical, de processo com intensidade radical e incremental, do tipo organizacional com intensidade radical e incremental e de marketing, com cunho radical e incremental no engenho A, e com grau radical no engenho B, ao longo de suas trajetórias. Os principais condutores de inovação evidenciados foram a liderança e oportunidade de mercado e os principais fatores que habilitaram o desenvolvimento de inovações nos engenhos foram os recursos humanos e recursos financeiros. Conclui-se que a forma de inovar não depende especificamente da configuração em determinada fase do ciclo de vida organizacional, ou seja, o direcionamento à inovação deve considerar as características das organizações em termos de estratégia, estrutura, situação e estilo de tomada de decisão, além dos recursos possuídos e trajetória percorrida pela organização.

Given the search for new solutions to better prepare cities for the future, in recent years, urban agriculture (UA) has gained in relevance. Within the context of UA, innovative organizational and technical approaches are generated and tested. They can be understood as novelties that begin a potential innovation process. This empirical study is based on 17 qualitative interviews in the U.S. (NYC; Philadelphia, PA, USA; Chicago, IL, USA). The aim was to identify: (i) the most relevant areas of learning and innovation; (ii) the drivers of innovation; (iii) the applied novelties and their specific approach to overcoming the perceived obstacles; (iv) the intrinsic challenges that practitioners face in the innovation process; and (v) the novelties’ potential to contribute to sustainability and societal change. As the results of the study demonstrate, learning and innovation in UA occur predominantly in four areas, namely, “financing and funding”, “production, technology and infrastructure”, “markets and demands” and “social acceptance and cultural learning”. The described novelties include approaches to enhance the positive impacts of practicing agriculture within urban areas, and some of them have the potential to contribute to societal change and open up opportunities for social learning processes.

O desenvolvimento social e o crescimento econômico são fortemente influenciados por informações e pela geração de conhecimento, fundamentais para a determinação das vantagens competitivas de países, organizações e empresas. Produção mais eficiente e solução aos problemas sociais têm em comum a necessidade de implantação de novas ideias, de geração de conhecimento e de geração de inovação. Desenvolvidos por diferentes atores ou agentes sociais, requerem a integração dos Agentes Motores de Desenvolvimento e de Inovação: produtores econômicos principais, produtores de conhecimento, e agentes de apropriação de inovações. Analisamos indicadores de crescimento econômico, de produção científica e de geração de inovações, do Brasil e da Bahia, correlacionando-os, e traçando um panorama por séries temporais da relação entre os agentes motores de desenvolvimento e inovação e suas influências. Verificamos que os três agentes dependem de forma interativa uns dos outros, mantendo uma interdependência. Para realizar investimento de vulto em pesquisa e propriedade intelectual, é preciso haver produtores econômicos interessados em se fortalecerem e se tornarem um diferencial com relação a concorrentes. Para que a sociedade cresça sobre bases sustentáveis, é preciso simultaneamente investimentos em pesquisa científica, tecnologia e inovações, com impulso de ação afirmativa e continuada dos agentes de inovação. Social development and economic growth are strongly influenced by knowledge generation and information exchange, which are key factors for competitive advantage of countries, organizations, and enterprises. New ideas and generation of knowledge and innovation are necessary for a more efficient production and solution to social problems developed by different actors or social agents. They require the integration of Drivers of Development and Innovation: major economic producers, knowledge producers, and innovation property agents. Indicators of economic growth, scientific production, and innovation generation of Brazil and Bahia State were analyzed investigating their relationships and observing, by time series, the behavior of drivers of development and innovation and their influences. It was found that that these three actors (or agents) are interdependent and interactive. For a substantial investment in scientific research and intellectual property, the economic producers must be growth-oriented to achieve strong competitive advantage. For a sustainable development of human society, a simultaneous investment in scientific research, technology, and innovations is needed with continuous active support of innovation agents.

In terms of the intensity of Research and Development (R&D), the German mechanical engineering industry might at first sight not seem to be 'cutting-edge technology'; however, it distinguishes itself successfully as a technology, innovation and quality leader in international competition. Along with a strong customer orientation and a high complexity of products, this requires the use of supporting organisational concepts of product development to exploit the available resources for innovation effectively and efficiently. For this purpose, the concept of 'lean production' provides two organisational concepts of product development, i.e., simultaneous engineering and participation in R&D cooperation with external partners. Both concepts are deployed at an above-average level in the German mechanical engineering industry. An impact analysis documents the positive effects of these concepts on the product innovation success of the enterprises studied. However, the strength of these effects partially depends on the level of the firms' R&D expenditures. Therefore, the use of such concepts of product development should be well balanced with the individual innovation strategy of the company.

Das vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) geförderte Projekt KompNet2011 – Erfolgsfaktoren regionaler Innovationsnetze – untersucht die strategische Ausrichtung sowie die Innovationsaktivitäten von kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU) in der Region Jena. Für die 225 Befragungsteilnehmer stellt die Qualitätsführerschaft die wichtigste Strategie dar: Fast 80% weisen ihr eine hohe bzw. sehr hohe Bedeutung zu. Allerdings belegt der Datensatz auch die Tendenz zu Mischstrategien, da nur wenige Unternehmen eine eindeutige strategische Ausrichtung aufweisen. Das Innovationsverhalten der KMU in der Region ist stärker auf Produktinnovationen als auf Prozessinnovationen ausgerichtet und fokussiert außerdem intensiver auf Verbesserungen als auf Neuheiten. Zudem finden sich in der deskriptiven Auswertung Belege für eine hohe Bedeutung betriebswirtschaftlich orientierter Innovationsarten, d.h. Marketing- und Organisationsinnovationen sind von erheblicher Relevanz. Während Kunden die mit Abstand wichtigsten Innovationstreiber sind, werden Kostenbarrieren und gesetzliche Restriktionen als bedeutendste Innovationshemmnisse identifiziert. Fehlende technologische Informationen und fehlende Kooperationspartner wirken sich hingegen kaum negativ auf die Innovationstätigkeit aus. The research project „KompNet 2011 – Sucess factors of regional innovation networks“, funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), examines the innovation activities of small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) in and closely around Jena (Thuringia). According to the answers of 225 survey participants, quality leadership is the most important mode of strategy: Almost 80% claim that quality leadership has a high or very high importance as to the strategic orientation of their company. However, the data show a clear tendency to mixed strategies. Only a few regional SME have a clear strategic alignment. The innovation activities focus clearly on product innovation instead of process innovation. Furthermore the improvement of existing products and processes is much more relevant compared to the development of novelties. In addition the empirical analysis reveals a high importance of business-oriented types of innovation, i.e. marketing and organizational innovation. While customers clearly are the most important drivers of innovation, regional SME are highly hampered in their innovation projects by cost barriers and legal restrictions. Only a few participants point out the hampering effects due to a lack of technological information and absence of cooperation partners.

In today’s fierce competitive environment, we frequently hear media discussing issues related to innovation. From these discussions, it is not difficult to assume that innovation has become one of the most controversial topics of the 21st century. If for some businesses being innovative is an attempt to be market leaders in their area for many others it is the only way to response appropriately against challenges by their innovative rivals in the market. In brief, today’s competitive market situation has already turned out to be “innovate or die” situation. Therefore, understanding the concept of the innovation is crucial to know about innovation itself and its importance. Thus, This paper explored the concept of innovation through literature review and gave an overview of the concept of innovation, as well brought readers a quick introduction about innovation and presented the fundamental understanding of its importance, actors, sources, types and main drivers. In this paper, innovation was discussed in five different sections and a conclusion was derived as an inference.

p. 45-63 The current studies on innovation do not consider or tend to ignore innovation in Public Enterprises (PE) and their effects on other organizations. Recent evidence shows that PE are not necessarily inferior to their private counterparts (Kowalski, Büge, Sztajerowska, & Egeland, 2013). This article investigates the determinants of innovation in PE of Ecuador, for the first time, through an empirical study. It identifies internal and external determinants of innovation and the effect on the probability of innovation in PE. In addition, the variable environmental care is included as an internal determinant; this variable has not been analyzed in previous work on innovation in PE. The data used come from the Survey of Activities of Science, Technology, and Innovation of Ecuador (ACTI) published in 2014. The proposed model is estimated by logit linear regression. The results show that there are determinants that have a positive effect on the probability of innovation and they are of two types: internal (workers training, technology acquisition and environmental care) and external (government, through the support program for quality management). SI