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This article discusses a case of bilateral buttock eosinophilic cellulitis (EC) that developed after an intramuscular benzathine penicillin injection for syphilis treatment. EC is a rare inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythematous skin lesions with eosinophils extending to subcutaneous tissue. It is often mistaken for bacterial cellulitis but does not respond to antimicrobial therapy. The case highlights the importance of recognizing and properly diagnosing EC, as well as the need for surveillance of adverse events associated with intramuscular injections. Treatment typically involves systemic corticosteroids. [Extracted from the article]