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The importance of social media for the production and imagination of tourist sites has long been acknowledged in tourism studies. Research on spatial exploration with social media has indicated that it can foster the development of certain forms of tourism. Yet, knowledge on how media technologies contribute to touristification processes 'from below' is still scarce. To address this gap, the paper combines theoretical considerations on social media-driven spatial exploration, understood as an ambiguous search for discoveries, with an analysis of ethnographic data on everyday explorations using Instagram. The data was derived from ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 2017 and 2020 in the Ruhr Valley in Germany. Instagram is conceptualised in the theoretical framework as an emerging media technology. This helps to illuminate the various ways Instagram is entangled with the sensory and symbolic production of discoveries. Three forms of entanglement are identified: Instagram 1) affects the spatial perception on Insta-walks, 2) is used to alienate landscapes and romantically re-enchant them, and 3) offers the opportunity to share memes in which alienated spaces in the Ruhr Valley can be narratively framed as discoveries of potential tourist destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the modern era، the world is witnessing an unprecedented development and a revolution that it has never witnessed before in all areas of life. Therefore، I researched and studied the issue of jurisprudential opinions that conflict with modern discoveries. In this study، I aimed to explain the issue of latent pregnancy، what modern discoveries have reached، and to explain the ruling. The attribution of a child to more than one father if they claim him، and the position of modern science on this issue. Then، in this research، I followed the comparative approach، as I compare the sayings of the schools of thought. I also followed the inductive approach in tracing what the jurists used as evidence for their opinions. Then، I arrived at Several results، including: Pregnancy is not delayed from its usual date except for a short period، usually not more than two or three weeks، but delaying it by two، three، or seven years is something that is impossible based on what modern science has reached in the world of embryos، just as an egg cannot be fertilized except with a sperm. One، so if the Qafah attributed the child to more than one father، we know for sure that they are wrong based on the discoveries made by modern science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces the concept of functional foods derived from underutilized crops, emphasizing the manifold benefits they bring to farmers, communities, and health. Economically, these crops present a valuable opportunity for farmers, offering increased income and diversification of agricultural practices. Furthermore, underutilized crops are lauded for their environmental sustainability, contributing to reduced ecological strain and promoting biodiversity. In the realm of health and nutrition, underutilized crop superfoods have a pivotal role to play. They are known for their disease prevention properties, with certain crops possessing anti-inflammatory and anticancer attributes. Additionally, these crops aid in improving digestion, offering relief to those with gastrointestinal issues. Their high levels of antioxidants bolster cellular health and combat free radicals. Enhanced immune function is another notable benefit, providing better resilience against diseases. Moreover, the superfoods aid in weight management by offering a nutrient-rich, calorie-efficient alternative. Specific examples of underutilized crops, including amaranth, black rice, quinoa, and more, are thoroughly examined for nutritional richness and culinary versatility, underlining suitability for daily dietary incorporation. The article also delves into the impact of microbiological innovations in developing functional foods, shedding light on the technological advancements that create healthier, more accessible food products. An essential aspect of this exploration is the consideration of policy interventions to promote underutilized crops. This article underscores the necessity of government support and awareness campaigns to harness the full potential of these crops. This article advocates for the broader recognition and integration of underutilized crop superfoods into everyday diets and agricultural practices. By doing so, it aspires to pave the way for a healthier, more sustainable, and empowered future where these 'gastronomic goldmines' form a cornerstone in promoting wellness and nutrition.

Copyright of Algerian Historical Journal is the property of Algerian Historical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Understanding the vertical distribution of elasmobranch species and associated ecological dynamics can be a crucial component of developing effective conservation strategies, particularly in light of their global population decline. Previous studies have primarily focused on horizontal extent and movement patterns of elasmobranchs, with limited knowledge about their vertical distribution. This knowledge gap stems from limited access to technological advancements and reliance on surface data from fisheries operations. Today, advancements in observing platforms such as electronic tracking, remotely operated vehicles and submersibles, and reductions in costs for drop cameras and BRUVs, allow for direct observation of animals at great depths, facilitating improved understanding of their ecological and trophic niches. This study reports new global depth records for three elasmobranch species observed in the Saudi Arabian Red Sea (Carcharhinus altimus, Rhinobatos punctifer, Iago omanensis), also presenting ethological evidence on Iago omanensis feeding behavior. Our findings have significant implications for conservation strategies and the development of targeted conservation measures. The provisioning of data on new depth ranges allows places like NEOM to better manage and protect deep sea habitats, due to the presence of species occurring at those depths.

This article analyzes Álvaro da Costa’s return trip from the Estado da Índia to Lisbon in 1611. The constraints of Costa’s travel allow us to discuss some common assumptions about the character and spirit of early modern travelers and to illustrate some of the limits of travelers’ observations and the peculiar modes of knowledge they displayed. Reading through the many misunderstandings and apparent mistakes that Costa introduced in his Tratado da viagem, the article also explores the complex dynamics of “discovery” and argues that early modern globalization must be understood as a manyfold process. Individuals not only disposed of different information, but they also used very diverse frameworks to interpret and make sense of such information. The article contrasts Costa’s use of older but resilient interpretative frameworks with more modern and more accurate interpretations and shows that very different perceptions about world connections coexisted during the early modern age. In particular, the article focuses on how Costa actively combined his observations of the ruins of Babylon and other cities he found on his route with previous paradigms of universal history, such as biblical theories on the historical succession of empires.

Atlantic overseas expansion brought about a marked disparity between the information provided by established authority, whether ancient or medieval, and the lived experience of explorers. Such tension is especially evident in travel accounts, which reveal considerable changes in the perception and understanding of both the nature and population of the new lands. This article considers these aspects from the mid-fourteenth century to the end of the fifteenth within the region stretching from the south of the Atlas Mountains to the Guinea Gulf, inclusive of the Macaronesian archipelagos. Rather than arduously attempting an exhaustive account of the clash between the official culture and the praxis of the travellers, the article confines itself to specifying instances of that clash where said official culture truly reached the common person and encountered the practical knowledge of merchants and seafarers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of this study is an approach from the sociocultural and literary-historical point of view of the "Carta de Achamento do Brasil", written by Pero Vaz de Caminha to King D. Manuel I of Portugal. In addition to highlighting the first impressions of the Portuguese with the new place and its inhabitants, the present paper also explores the intentions of the Crown over the territory and the power dynamics announcing the exploratory intention of Brazil, confirmed by the subsequent colonization. Investigating the view of the "Other" and the discourse of Caminha around the views constructed about the female body, this paper addresses the impressions on women, nudity, the reading of the body, and its imbrications in sexuality. The authors, finally, aim to reflect on how the "Letter" may offer elements for understanding the image of Brazilian woman in the male imaginary of the Portuguese. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the possible authorship and content of a short "narrative" about the journey of Fernão de Magalhães written by a Portuguese man. It is the only work by a participant of this nationality, embarked on Magellan's armada that has come down to us, which happened because Giovanni Battista Ramusio translated it into Italian and edited it in 1554. From the analysis of the text, its importance is verified due to the rigor of the texts. dates presented and above all critically evaluated and the meaning of the measurements of the distances that are given between each of the trip scales that allowed the knowledge of the Earth as it is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of gold in Australia forced many changes to theory on the occurrence and origin of gold deposits. Initial discoveries appeared to confirm existing ideas on the global distribution of gold-bearing terrains. Later discoveries and research would show that this confirmation was largely coincidental, but nevertheless helpful in early prospecting. Prior to the first Australian gold rush, theoretical predictions of payable gold were made by Sir Roderick Murchison and Rev. W. B. Clarke based on knowledge of accidental gold finds and geological analogy with known areas of significant gold occurrence, particularly the Ural region in Russia. These predictions were overwhelmed when Edward Hargraves, realised he might be able to spark a gold rush that would prove the existence of payable gold. Hargraves travelled to the Bathurst region of New South Wales where numerous gold finds had already been made and with local guides, prospected Lewis Ponds Creek and the Macquarie River. He demonstrated the methods of alluvial mining, to John Lister and William and James Tom enabling them to find sufficient alluvial gold to initiate a gold rush. The crowd of attracted diggers demonstrated the existence of a payable goldfield. The unstoppable first rush resulted in the pragmatic introduction of government regulation and administration to allow alluvial gold mining. Other discoveries of payable goldfields quickly followed. As the local scientific expert on gold, W. B. Clarke was commissioned to conduct two extensive surveys of the goldfields between 1851 and 1853. Clarke also drew on his geological knowledge to provide practical advice to the thousands of prospecting gold diggers. Gold-bearing quartz reefs and lodes were discovered, but it was predicted that these could not be mined economically. Theory also predicted that the reef gold would not continue to depth. Practical observations and mining experience from the numerous discoveries led to revision of the widely held dicta on gold occurrence. Alluvial gold was found in a range of settings, including the recent drainage and ancient and buried leads. A wider variety of rock types was recognised as favourable for gold. Different styles of reef gold were identified and found to be economically mineable to great depth. Evolving ideas on the origin of gold deposits were widely discussed, tested, and refined. Of the many players involved in the early discovery of gold in Australia, Clarke, Hargraves and Murchison probably had the greatest overall influence in terms of theoretical predication and practical outcomes that initiated the Australian gold-mining industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fifty years ago, Italy was declared a malaria-free country by the World Health Organization (WHO). In remembering this important anniversary, the authors of this paper describe the long journey that led to this goal. In the century following the unification of Italy, malaria was one of the main public health problems. At the end of the 19th century, malaria cases amounted to 2 million, with 15,000–20,000 deaths per year. This manuscript examines the state of public and social health in Italy from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, with particular regard to the government's measures for the prevention, prophylaxis and treatment of malaria. The authors describe the main findings of Italian malariologists during the period under review, from the identification of Plasmodium as a malaria pathogen and the recognition of the Anopheles mosquito as its vector. They also make some considerations regarding the current situation and the importation of malaria by travelers and migrants from countries where the disease is still endemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy resource potential and discoveries in the Eastern Mediterranean have attracted the attention of the global energy markets for a long time. Since the beginning of the 2000s, exploration and drilling activities have continued to increase in the region. The discovered hydrocarbon resources are only a small part of the estimated potential, consequently, the actors in the Eastern Mediterranean have been focusing on increasing this quantity. On the other hand, the ongoing discussions related to Exclusive Economic Zones have delayed the seismic surveys, drilling operations, and production activities in some specific areas of the region. Moreover, transferring the discovered resources from the Eastern Mediterranean to the international markets is another issue that has not yet been resolved. Therefore, this study evaluates the general situation in the Eastern Mediterranean in terms of the potential of energy resources, discoveries, and transfer projects. In this context, this paper examines the geo-economic competition over the energy resources in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the lights of geocriticism, this study analyzes the trajectory of nostalgic characters in Onitsha and L’Africain by J.M.G Le Clézio. Fleeing existential discomfort in their place of origin, the characters leave for somewhere else (Africa). Originally designed as a travel with the idea of returning, the journey turns into a quest for oneself. Influenced by encounters with African otherness that have fascinated and shaped their identity, travelers find it difficult to divest themselves of this space. An itinerary of the journey is then drawn by which the characters express their nostalgia for the lost paradise.

The article analyzes the promotional activity of outstanding Russian encyclopedist Michail Lomonosov who founded the fundamentals of science in Russia and tried to make scientific knowledge available for the wide range of readers in the XVIII century. Also, different forms of dissemination of scientific knowledge that Lomonosov used in the academic and educational activities were examined in the article.

Copyright of Carnets: Revue Electronique d'Etudes Françaises / Revista Electrónica de Estudos Franceses is the property of Associacao Portuguesa de Estudos Franceses (APEF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article is based on the materials of a number of normative acts and documents. Some aspects are introduced for the current state of legal regulation and ethical problems regarding reproductive and therapeutic editing of human genes and gene modification of plants and animals in terms of legal framework of research activity and its limitations and provisions on biosafety in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current article is about the history of Geography Epistemology – despite the interdisciplinary of its content – more specifically the meaning of its empirical cognition through the times for the geographical knowledge. For this purpose, it will be structured the text in three moments, which are compared and tangled. The first includes the medieval period and its predilection for the textual and apologetic element, based on fundamental premises of Christianity. In here, textual contents of different times are overwritten to the empirical element, aiming to equate the writing of the world to religious elements. The second moment is about the knowledge period known as Great navigations. New people and lands are unveil through Europe on it – mainly by the Spaniards and Portuguese discoverers – which by the empirical evidences of the new places, was obligated to question some trues from the medieval tradition strongly present in the fifteen and sixteen Century. At last it will be discussed about the trip of Alexander von Humboldt to the Spaniard America (1969 – 1832). Here, the wise Prussian will (re) signify the empirical upon a complex symbiosis between conventional scientific procedures, elements of German Romanticism, as well as the scientific input of Johann Wolgang von Goethe (1749- 1832). It is important to mention that the article has as a fundamental premise the inherent relation between the kind of relevance given to the empirical and the historical moment in which such relevance gains its owns treats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the year 2016, conservation research was conducted in the interiors by the staircases leading to King John's Banqueting Hall, located on the upper floor of the Wilanów Palace, above the King's Antechamber and the Queen's Antechamber, that is, in the oldest part of the residence. The stratigraphic layers revealed during research were found to contain layers of a wall painting most probably executed in the 1720s. In 2019, these decorations were exposed and underwent conservation. Only fragments of the compositions on three walls have survived. They constitute a continuation of the decorations of the staircase and, in terms of techniques, are very similar to works ascribed to Giuseppe Rossi, also found in the Wilanów Palace. The three fragments that have been discovered show architectural illusions of terraces opening to the landscape. The spaces by the staircases leading to King John's Banqueting Hall underwent numerous alterations. Their current spatial arrangement differs from the original one. The ceiling above them was replaced at least twice. During the post-war conservation, the 19th-century decoration was removed from those interiors; since the middle of the 20th century they constitute neutral museum space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The room above the Chapel is located on the upper floor of the Wilanów Palace, in the southwest corner of the main body of the building. During the research and conservation works conducted in this space, it proves possible to investigate the hitherto unknown history of its decoration. The most important discovery is the painted decoration most probably dating from the 1720s. The illusionistic paintings indicate that in the past, the room used to be decorated in a manner similar to that seen in the Cabinet with a Parrot, located on the north side of the palace. Originally, each of those spaces had two entrances. The room above the Chapel used to have a fireplace in its north-west corner. Fragments of wall paintings in the en grisaille technique have been discovered during the explorations. The space was altered several times. For a while it was a part of a staircase, but in 1861 this was closed off to create the still-existing Chapel. Since then, the space above its cupola played only a technical role in the residence and then the museum. The wall paintings that have been revealed during the recently conducted conservation works are now on show; owing to their condition and several areas where the decoration is rubbed off, they are presented with no conservation retouches. Now that the door to this space is open, the museum's visitors have an opportunity to inspect the authentic substance of this repeatedly altered building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annales d'Université 'Valahia' Târgoviste. Section d'Archéologie et d'Histoire is the property of Universitatea Valahia Targoviste and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 1553 the Edward Bonaventure set sail from England with two other ships to search for a Northeast Passage to Asia. Eventually the ship made it to the White Sea and the captain of the ship, Richard Chancellor, reached Moscow where he met Tsar Ivan IV, 'the Terrible', at the Kremlin. In 1554 the ship returned to England but was 'robbed by Flemings', according to Richard Hakluyt. The discovery of a case file in the archives of the Great Council of Malines, the supreme court of the Netherlands in the sixteenth century, concerning the robbing of the Edward Bonaventure on its return voyage offers a new perspective on the spectacular first English expedition which resulted in the discovery of the North Cape and Anglo-Russian trade connections and diplomatic relations. Besides offering new knowledge on England's pioneering voyage of 1553, this article explores possibilities and limitations of case files for historical research and offers a revealing example of political pressure on legal decision-making and shows that legal institutions were not necessarily the puppets of their rulers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of E-Journal of Portuguese History is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper retraces the biography of a milestone instrument in the history of physics--the cloud chamber--introduced by Charles Thomson Rees Wilson in 1911 and vastly adopted in successive studies on particle physics. It offers a comprehensive reading where the development of the instrument is kept in tight connection with the knowledge of microphysics from the late nineteenth century to the 1960s: it shows how the inception of the Wilson instrument of 1911, even in its smallest constructive details, can be seen as strongly influenced by the physics discoveries through the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. The confirmation of preliminary observations obtained with early versions of the cloud chamber drove, as in the case of the positron, further evolutions of the instrument into a "golden age" of the apparatus within particle physics research. The "sunset" will see the attempt to overcome the limitations of a fully developed apparatus by flexibly intervening in the geometry of the experiment, moving it up to the mountains or at different distances from the particle accelerator by stressing at maximum, and then exhausting, the generation of new knowledge from it. In doing so, the paper brings into light original aspects not yet explored in historical studies on the cloud chamber, such as Wilson's contribution to the field after 1911. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is common knowledge that history repeats itself! Maybe not literally, but patterns of behaviour likely dependent of the human nature, are probably prone to repeat themselves. So, one may wonder if looking back could help us prepare for a better future. Moreover, by looking back at the history of people and societies, we should all be able to have a better understanding of why things happen the way they do. This seldom happens, and when it does, it is happening within very limited circle of the society such as scholars and some politician circles, rarely overflowing to the whole society. The point is that, what we see today is not very different from what has happened in the past. Let us go back to November 13, 1460, the day Prince Henry the Navigator, passed away in Sagres, leaving Portugal with an enormous debt. Despite that fact, Prince Henry was the “guiding force behind Portugal’s assimilation of nautical knowledge and its vast extension of maritime exploration for nearly four decades” (Kock, 2003, p.59). It is interesting that by that time intellectual property was already being managed. (...)

The Society was said 'to poke its nose into everything' and this can be seen from the awards it made across a wide spectrum of activities, including the discovery of cobalt in the United Kingdom, mapping of English counties, improved methods of extracting the ore, assaying, reclaiming land, mining equipment, improving crucibles and portable furnaces. The Society also laid the groundwork for the Great Exhibition of 1851 and organized the second exhibition at South Kensington in 1862. From the mid-nineteenth century the Society's lecture program represented the wide range of its activities, including mineralogy and geology. This paper provides a brief overview on the work of the Society, its influence worldwide, and also highlights some individuals with a particular interest in mineralogy and geology, connected with the Society, including one of the founding members of the Geological Society of London, Arthur Aikin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the promotional activity of outstanding Russian encyclopedist Michail Lomonosov who founded the fundamentals of science in Russia and tried to make scientific knowledge available for the wide range of readers in the XVIII century. Also, different forms of dissemination of scientific knowledge that Lomonosov used in the academic and educational activities were examined in the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]