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In this article I focus on older Australian-Vietnamese refugees' social capital, referring to Bourdieu's capital approach, drawing on a narrative-biographical, ethnographic and qualitative network analytical study. To stay in touch with kin and the diaspora across distances the older refugees developed digital literacy. I term this form of capital 'transnational digital social capital'. It is a consequence from the diasporic experience, as the loss of economic and material capital during forced displacement produced a stronger reliance on social capital. This 'transnational digital social capital' can be seen as resource for social inclusion (1) with relatives in the country of origin and other countries, (2) within the diaspora and (3) in the society of settlement. Furthermore, it can be conceptualised as an additional care resource. Linking the scholarship on transnational social capital with the literature on the role of digital technologies for refugees, the concept 'transnational digital social capital' provides new insights into digital literacy and use as a form of social and cultural capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies discussed the relationship between parental engagement and different forms of capital, such as cultural or social capital. The current study takes a step further by referring to digital capital. It examines the direct and mediating effects of parents' digital capital on their engagement in their children's learning. The study also compares the differences between parents of low and high socioeconomic statuses regarding the effect of digital capital on their engagement. The study sample included 600 Israeli parents with children in elementary schools who completed an anonymous online questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling analysis revealed that parents with high socioeconomic status use digital capital more frequently than parents with low socioeconomic status. Further, digital capital was directly related to parental engagement and acted as a mediator between parents' socioeconomic background, social and institutionalized cultural capital, and their engagement in their children's learning, giving an advantage to high-socioeconomic parents. However, the relationships between parental engagement and the types of capital were found to be different for low compared to high socioeconomic parents. The findings emphasize the potential of digital capital, particularly for disadvantaged groups, as a lever for improving parental engagement to benefit children and ultimately contributing toward creating a more equitable society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persistent concerns about the digital divide are typically framed as a deficit of Internet access, skills or participation. Despite advances remedying first- and second-level divide issues, scholars have found that not all benefit equally from the Internet use resulting in the theorising of a third-level digital divide exploring the social determinants critical to benefit from the Internet use. Presenting analysis for three families from Aotearoa New Zealand, this work highlights the importance of the family in creating children's digital disposition. Applying Bourdieu's Theory of Practice concepts, we illustrate how parent's habitus informs children's responses to the digital world, shaping diverse forms of 'digital capital' which may result in 'capital gains' for some, and less capital benefits for others. Findings suggest that the forms of digital capital that are valued by families are closely tied to class positioning and cultural background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to provide a clearer understanding of Digital Capital in education. It introduces a comprehensive analytical framework that explores the relationship between Digital Capital and Bourdieu's Cultural Capital Theory. Instead of treating digital skills and resources as separate entities, it integrates them into Cultural Capital Theory as complementary elements. This approach helps shed light on the disparities in ICT usage. Data from the 2018 OECD‐PISA survey conducted in Italy are analysed to assess whether Digital Capital can be considered a component of Cultural Capital. The findings indicate that differences in Cultural Capital do not significantly impact the possession and usage of digital assets. Instead, distinctions become apparent through students’ behaviours within the school environment. This underscores the connection between digital competencies and various dimensions of cultural and educational capital. The article posits that status and cultural disparities stem not solely from digital competencies but also from their interplay with social and cultural resources. This offers deeper insights into how the digital divide intersects with broader societal power dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capital takes place in the literature as an important concept on behalf of individuals and organizations. While each type of capital is a strategic resource and power, the concept of digital capital, which has come to the forefront in today's digital age, draws attention as a phenomenon that needs to be investigated in detail. From this point of view, this study aims to make a bibliometric analysis of digital capital. In line with this purpose, science mapping was preferred among the bibliometric analysis techniques. The data required for bibliometric analysis were obtained from the Scopus database. As a result of the query made in the database on 4.11.2022, 45 studies containing "digital capital" in the title were examined and accepted as material for the study. Analyzes were made and reported through the MAXQDA 2020 qualitative data analysis program. According to the research findings; it has been determined that the most studies on digital capital were published in 2021. It has been observed that approximately 87% of digital capital studies consist of articles and 13% of other publication types. It is possible to say that 82% of these studies are empirical and 18% are descriptive studies. Digital capital has been handled with a balanced distribution as dependent and independent variables in empirical studies. It was also found that there was a significant increase in the number of empirical studies on the concept in 2021 and 2022, and that it was mostly studied together with digital inequality. When analyzing the relationships between methodological approaches and data collection techniques in studies on digital capital, it has been observed that interviews and questionnaires are the preferred data collection methods in mixed-method studies. Conversely, empirical studies often adopt quantitative approaches. While it is noteworthy that there is limited interest in the developing concept of digital capital within the framework of these findings, it is hoped that this research will give ideas to future research by drawing a portrait of the theoretical and methodological course of the concept of digital capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of the study. This article analyzes the contribution of network human capital to economic dynamics and innovation through econometric modeling based on data for 70 countries for 2020–2021. The main goal of the study is to analyze the relationship between network human capital, economic development and innovation activity.Materials and methods. The present study is based on feedback methodology. On the one hand, the development of human capital is a strategic factor in sustainable economic development. On the other hand, economic resources that increase under development conditions are invested in human capital. The authors have developed a two-stage method for assessing the contribution of network human capital to economic dynamics and the development of innovation. At the first stage, the influence of human capital on the factors of innovative development, assessed by the indexes of the Global Innovation Index (GII), was assessed. At the second stage, an assessment of the contribution of these factors to GDP per employee was modeled. The method was implemented through the development of econometric models that allow assessing the contributions of network human capital to economic dynamics based on the profile of the national economy and assessing the dependence of GDP per employee on the employment structure of the national economy.Results. Based on the results of econometric modeling, the impact of human capital accumulation on the innovative development of the economy was assessed. Statistically significant relationships between: an increase in human capital and the acceleration of the pace of development of new technologies and the knowledge economy; development of creative activity; increasing innovative ties have been identified and substantiated. Based on the modeling results, we empirically assessed, firstly, the contribution of network human capital to GDP per employee; secondly, the increasing contribution of new industries to GDP per employee and the decreasing contribution of traditional industries (using the example of agriculture); thirdly, the more significant contribution of those employed in IT compared to the contribution of those employed in education and healthcare to GDP per employee.Conclusion. The results of the modeling proved that network human capital influences economic growth and innovative development through two mechanisms. Firstly, network human capital is directly involved in the production processes of the platform economy as a factor of production. In this sense, the accumulation of network human capital directly increases aggregate output. Secondly, the accumulation of network human capital has a positive effect on classical factors of production and, in particular, contributes to technological progress.

Starting from the debate on Internet risks and opportunities for young people, the article focuses on the topic of web reputation in social media, and analyses GenZers' web reputation management strategies on social network sites. The study, based on empirical research conducted in the Campania region (South Italy) during the COVID-19 pandemic, describes the most relevant practices adopted by young people to cope with risky online experiences with the aim of minimizing the harm received, and the role of key agencies in mediating risks and supporting coping strategies. This work is intended to be useful for reflecting on the possibility of viewing young people's web reputation management strategies in relation to the concept of digital capital, drawing new considerations from the logic that rules the opportunities and risks dialectic arising from the use of social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the interaction between digital capital and some offline components (economic, cultural, political, social and personal) that represent the background against which we access and use the Internet. Based on a stratified sample of the UK population (868), six indexes (one for each component) were generated through factor analysis and univariate analysis. We summarised them into a unique model by performing a multiple linear regression to evaluate the role-played by offline components in the development/reinforcement of digital capital. The interaction between these new indexes and the digital capital index shows that, with the exception of the political component, all offline backgrounds positively contribute to digital capital. Moreover, the multiple regression analysis shows that the economic and social components have the strongest influence on digital capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bourdieu's sociological concepts and approach are well suited to capture and interpret the new phenomena of the information society. The present paper shows how these concepts and notions have been applied in recent literature, both theoretically and empirically. We focus on the notion of digital capital, which is considered a new factor in the process of Bourdieu's cultural reproduction concept. Thus our starting point is that status in digital inequalities, and thus digital capital, plays a significant role in determining educational inequalities and school performance. We illustrate this hypothesis by analysing data of PISA 2015 from Hungary, namely the impact of different dimensions of ICT use on test scores in mathematics, reading literacy and science. Our results suggest that digital capital plays a crucial role in shaping educational inequalities, but that the effects vary across dimensions of digital inequalities and ICT use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a growing recognition that the relationship between digital technologies and education is more complex and multi-faceted than previously conceived. Given the multi-faceted nature of digital education, which involves social and technology elements in the realm of knowledge-acquisition, an epistemic community such as a community of inquiry (CoI) provides an appropriate theoretical perspective to frame the analysis of the interlink between internet self-efficacy and inclusive learning experiences. In recognition of the importance of active participation in the ubiquitous learning environment, the argument focused on the development of a CoI as an intellectual community that provides a structure for educators to implement digital education. Central to this article is the development of the various presences to sustain interaction and reflection in a socio-epistemological orientation approach. Notwithstanding the widely recognised affordances of digital technologies to connect people, this study was conducted to elicit relevant evidence on digital education, to gain insights into the practicality of digital education, to articulate several important research questions within each of the identified affordances, and to provide suggestions for institutions pursuing digital education. Furthermore, there is clear evidence that digital education is intertwined with digital capital and digital inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network capital provides leaders of youth organizations with mobility. According to P. Bourdieu and J. Urry, network capital develops and maintains social relations without reference to geographical location, which makes it a source of emotional, financial, or practical benefits. Network capital is supplemented and enhanced by digital capital, i.e., digital skills, online activities, membership in virtual communities, etc. Youth organization leaders accumulate network and digital capital at different stages of their career in a youth organization: before joining, as a member, and after leaving. The author interviewed experts and analyzed biographies of youth organization leaders to prove that membership in such organizations provided them with numerous opportunities and accelerated their career. In general, network interactions manifested at different stages of leaders' life path, contributing to their mobility.

Taking into account , the digital network progression observed in the modern communication environment, the article reviews the conceptual apparatus of communication, on the basis of which the symbolic capital structure is substantiated. Additional discrete varieties are distinguished: publicity capital, network capital and media capital. The role and place of reputation capital, digital capital, mobile capital and information capital in the structure of symbolic capital are indicated. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research are: the approach of structuralist constructivism (P. Bourdieu), the concept of mobile sociology (J. Urry), the theory of communication (F.I. Sharkov). The complex of the following theoretical methods is used: structural analysis, system analysis, modeling. It is concluded that the presented differentiation model of symbolic capital varieties allows, on the one hand, to systematize the scientific research existing in the social sciences, while simultaneously showing their discreteness and the presence of interconnections, on the other hand, to look at this structure through the prism of communication, thereby emphasizing the dominant socio-communication relations in the the digital network progression context of the modern communication environment. As a result, a social structure is being built, which turns out to be largely mediated. Based on the study results, the limitations of the proposed author’s six-component structure of symbolic capital are indicated. The prospects of the conducted theoretical research and the need for their further confirmation at the empirical level are noted.

The article deals with an attempt to assess an impact of digitalization on the economic development of the European countries. For these purposes, it is proposed to supplement the classical Cobb-Douglas production function with a digital capital parameter. However, the study showed the problem of absence of a representative statistical base for the cost estimation of the digital capital of the European countries. Under these conditions, method for the impact assessment of digitalization on the indicators of the countries’ economic growth was developed, based on the application of the rating correlation analysis to the classical production function calculations results and the business digitalization index. In general, the results of the performed calculations confirmed the positive impact of business digitalization on the economic growth of the European countries and made it possible to estimate the nature of the digital processes’ impact on the main production factors – labor and fixed asset. The prospects for further development of this subject should be associated with the scientific grounds of the general approaches to estimating digital capital and the formation of the corresponding statistical arrays.

Sustainable development and ecological restoration are a common goal pursued by countries around the world to mitigate the collision between economic growth and the environment. Digital economy has been rather instrumental in settling this type of conflict. The study is intended to identify the relationship between digital financing and environmental financing by assessing the specificities of their temporal and industry-specific dynamics, as well as to determine the side effects that the digital economy has in terms of current environmental investments and costs. The special attention is paid to the effect of the digital economy on both total environmental financing and its components, namely, environmental investment and current environmental protection costs. The authors come up with two indicators to evaluate the impact of the digital economy, these are digital financing (direct impact) and digital capital (indirect impact). To calculate these indicators, the authors’ own method is developed. The impact of the digital economy on environmental financing was tested using the least squares method with clustering of annual standard deviation and individual fixed effects. The research data were retrieved from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) of the Russian Federation for 2012–2022. Our findings show that digital financing exerts a significant positive effect on environmental financing, which indicates that two dynamic processes in the economy—digital transformation and introduction of advanced environmental digital technologies—are synchronized. The authors prove that digital investments stimulate a comparable increase in environmental investment due to the effects created by digital technologies penetrating into environmental protection technologies. We demonstrate that the level of digitalization of the population, companies and the state assessed through the digital capital index has a positive effect on environmental financing. The results of the study are of use in the sphere of public policy.

AbstractThis paper provides an explorative and interrogative profile of digital capital on SMEs within the agricultural food sector, focusing on SME farmers. Digital capital is deemed the new capital essential for farmers. The paper examines the opportunities and threats offered by digital capital and explores how it influences agricultural SME performance and how it leads to digital inequalities. The study purposively sampled three South African agricultural provinces and adopted a purposive sampling technique to collect quantitative and qualitative data. With the undoubted contribution of SMEs to social and economic fronts, the study chronicled how digital capital has improved the value chain processes while unearthing the barriers to digital tools access. It emerged that SMEs face many adoption challenges; hence it is debatable to link positive SME performance to digital capital adoption. It emerged that agricultural SMEs mostly adopt complimentary service digital tools, indicating that digital capital is a catalyst for inequalities. While the government has implemented some initiatives to promote digital capital adoption, such interventions remain inadequate. The study contemplates other initiatives that could be adopted to address the barriers SMEs face in this digital era, hence closing the inequalities gap within the industry. SMEs should be subject to public policy support and protection, particularly on digital capital incentives and sponsorship. The government must regulate some digital capital tools which are more harmful than productive.

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In today's world, the rapid spread and increasing use of digital technology have led to disparities in individuals', communities', or countries' access to, usage of, and benefits from digital technologies. Particularly since the 2010s, the introduction of portable devices into individuals' lives and the necessity for institutions to digitize, leading to the online execution of many processes, have become essential. Within this context, the aim of this study is to employ bibliometric analysis to examine the studies conducted on digital inequality, aiming to uncover the background of the digital inequality issue. Works published between 2003 and 2023 were examined using the Scopus database, and the acquired data was visualized using VOSviewer 1.6.6 software. As a result of the analysis, the countries with the highest number of studies in the field of digital inequality are the USA, the United Kingdom, the Russian Federation, the Netherlands, and Switzerland. The researchers who conducted the most publications and exhibited the highest level of collaboration among authors in the field of digital inequality are Hargittay, E., A. Van Deursan, A. Van Dijk, and M. Ragnedda. The journals leading in the publication of studies on digital inequality are "Information Communication and Society," "New Media and Society," and "Computers in Human Behavior." Among the examined articles, the terms "digital inequality" and "digital divide" are the most frequently used keywords. When analyzing the frequency levels of words used in the abstract sections of the articles, it is concluded that words such as division, regions, internet, students, and education are more commonly used. Countries with Western-centric economies are generally the ones with the highest intensity of research on digital inequality. Consequently, it is emphasized that within this context, considering the economic and technological levels of development, research interests, and existing inequalities, it is essential to investigate different dynamics of inequality in other regions as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: As more and more North Korean refugees settle in South Korea, they are compelled to adapt to a “digitalized” society. This study examines whether there are differences in digital capital between North Korean refugees and South Korean citizens, and examines the sociodemographic factors associated with the distribution of digital capital. Methodology: This study used data from the 2019 Digital Divide Survey conducted by the Ministry of Science and ICT in South Korea and conducted OLS regression analysis. Findings: The results show how the three forms of traditional capital—economic, social, and cultural—are differently associated with the distribution of digital capital in each group. All forms of traditional capital are fully associated with the distribution of digital capital across South Korean citizens, whereas traditional capital is partially associated with the distribution of digital capital across North Korean refugees. Practical Implications: The results imply that new forms of capital, called digital capital, are also distributed across North Korean refugees and various policies are needed to prevent inequality among North Korean refugees due to uneven distribution of digital capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coronavirus pandemic has disproportionately affected immigrant and refugee communities, along with community-based ethnic organizations (CBEOs) serving these communities. Our study explored the impact of COVID-19 on immigrant and refugee communities and the CBEOs serving them by conducting in-depth interviews with CBEO leaders (N = 7). Six salient themes emerged: heightened organizational strain; COVID-19's exacerbation of social issues; loss of community wealth; barriers to COVID-19 information; immigration policies, vulnerability, and structural barriers; and a path to better opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. To date, in the scientific discourse, an approach to the definition of digital capital as an object of research in sociology is only being formed. Sociological analysis is important for the study of digital capital because it is able to reveal its specifics, features, material and non-material components.Methodology and sources. The study and theorization of digital capital is based on theoretical and methodological positions and studies of the processes of digitalization and digital capital proposed by researchers earlier. Based on this, the author proposed her own definition of digital capital and research methodology and conducted a pilot empirical study.Results and discussion. It is revealed that, on the one hand, the development of society under the influence of digitalization and the presence of digital capital among representatives of various socio-demographic and professional groups contributes to the development of society. But on the other hand, the simplification of structural processes in connection with the introduction of digital technologies entails a number of objective problems: a shortage of specialists with the necessary competencies, a decrease in the quality of qualifications existing specialists, inequality among professional groups, unemployment, etc.Conclusion. In one way or another, digitalization has affected either the working conditions or influenced the transformation of the profession, including new specialties and requirements. The main advantage of digitalization is to increase the productivity of the enterprise by reducing the time required to develop a new product, release it to the market and deliver it to the consumer, as well as to optimize the company's resources, which increases the efficiency of its work as a whole. Respondents employed at IT enterprises noted that the process of digitalization minimally affected their field of activity, since it was always “in numbers” anyway. At the same time, the IT profession has really transformed. This lies in the fact, that earlier it included only those who are engaged, for example, in programming, and now this profession includes everyone who is somehow connected with a digital product.

The article examines the technological dimension of Mexican Higher Education during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a subsector within the Mexican educational system with greater digital capital than other educational levels and which, before the pandemic, had already ventured, to a greater or lesser extent, into ICT-mediated teaching and learning. Despite the support of the institutions, either through platforms or professional development, the continuity and quality of teaching and learning depended heavily on connectivity and digital devices in the homes of teachers and students. Under this consideration, What information and communication technologies (ICT) were present in higher education during the health crisis? And in the post-pandemic stage, What are the main challenges and lessons learned for Mexican Higher Education? The study was carried out through a voluntary self-administered online questionnaire, which considered public and private institutions all over the country and that measured teachers' (n=8,090) and students' (n=39,417) perceptions regarding the pandemic technological dimension. The findings point to the use of digital resources and tools in a limited way and with insufficient access to the Internet. Teachers and students felt much of the time like survivors of a situation beyond their control. Although we are dealing with learning organizations that continuously correct their processes, as Educators we must insist on the promotion of students' autonomy and responsibility in their own learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this paper, we approach Russian media policy through two main areas – digital inequality, which is a complex multilayer phenomenon embracing access, skills and benefits areas (three levels of the digital divide), and influencing all social processes in the country; and digital capital approached by scholars as a new intangible meta-capital that is becoming increasingly important under current digitalization processes in Russia and worldwide, as well as remaining conflict challenges and risks to information security. We discuss how Russian media policy has been changing in recent years to address new demands posed by digitalization and the growth of information society, which calls for new competencies, skills, and knowledge of citizens/users. Within broader epistemic rights context, we draw links between digital inequality and epistemic inequality, which concerns the widening gap in information, knowledge, and understanding between the elites and the majority of the population. We stress the need to overcome both intertwined types of inequality – digital and epistemic one – and suggest that closer attention of policymakers, scholars, educators, and public authorities should be shifted to the formation of digital capital, which is becoming fundamental for successful professional and personal practices in both offline and online realms today, also when it comes to overcoming digital and epistemic inequality.

We present an overview of media literacy definitions and related concepts and strive to consolidate them to create a comprehensive media literacy definition. Selected insights are then offered into the formation of media literacy, which we acquired as part of qualitative research into young people’s media repertoires. First, we summarise a brief history of literacy and its social function, allowing us to understand the phenomenon and role of new literacies. We next outline existing definitions of media literacy, which we critically position in the context of their origin. We continue by briefly presenting educational policies and media literacy and conclude with insights into the contexts of youth media literacy, focusing on their media experiences and incentives within families, education, and among peers.

This paper explores Digital Poverty (DP) in England by adopting the DP Alliance's theoretical framework that includes both Individual Determinants (individual capability and motivation) and Circumstantial Determinants (conditions of action). Such a framework is interpreted as an expression of Strong Structuration Theory (SST), by situating the connection between social structure and human agency in an intertwined relationship. We focus on new potential vulnerabilities that are connected to DP in England by drawing on a survey conducted on a randomised stratified sample (n = 1988) of parents aged between 20–55 with children at school. Exploring parents' experience in the COVID-19 era, we identified economic factors and having children with disabilities as important predictors connected to Digital Poverty. Additional socio-demographic traits (such as age and education), parental status, lifestyles and digital behaviours also play a role in predicting some of the determinants linked to Digital Poverty. This paper adds to SST by empirically exploring how individuals use the Internet according to their metabolised embodiment of external determinants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic crisis has made it difficult for teachers and students to implement psychomorphic aspects in online learning. However, teachers and students innovate so that psychomotor aspects remain in online learning through psychomotor digital use. This article aims to prove that psychomotor aspects still have a place in online learning through psychomotor digital competence Digital psychomotor is an innovation implemented by teachers to pay attention to psychomotor aspects that allegedly lack attention to online learning. The method used in this research is to conduct a survey that is technically conducted online to students and teachers in three high schools in Ende-Flores Regency who are active in online learning. The results achieved show that teachers and students in the school have developed a new ability to utilize digital capital, namely psychomotor digital competence. Students and teachers have developed new skills to close the gaps in online learning related to psychomotor domains that lack a place in online learning. This ability is summarized in a term called psychomotor digital competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Using Ragnedda’s (2018) idea of digital capital, the essay discusses the ways in which Wikipedia-based research projects can help students build their own digital capital as well as bring the university’s capital to bear on the part of an underrepresented community. In this assignment, students work with community members to research and write updates to the Camden, New Jersey Wikipedia article and associated articles. Far from being “the encyclopedia anyone can edit,” the challenges of writing for Wikipedia lead to rich conversations about power and representation on the largest encyclopedia ever created.

IntroductionThis paper aims to theoretically and empirically investigate the concept of digital capital in the Italian context. Digital Capital can be conceived as independent individual capital whose lack within a population can be a cause of digital inequality. Our paper draws from recent works that have measured the Digital Capital as a combination of digital access and digital competences, and have tested this operational definition through an online survey on a UK sample. The results of such research proved the construct validity of the operational definition, thus showing that Digital Capital could be empirically measured. However, a measurement model needs to be tested and validated over time and in different socio-cultural contexts in order to be refined and strengthened, and eventually disseminated on a large scale.MethodThis is the reason why this paper will show the results of a funded research project (named DigiCapItaly) carried out to test the validity of the Digital Capital measure in a different country, i.e., Italy. The data were collected with an online survey using a representative sample (by age, gender and geographical area) of individuals living in Italy aged 18 years or more. The creation of a composite index to measure Digital Capital followed a two-stage Principal Component Analysis approach.ResultsFirst, the paper provides a methodological framework for facing challenges and pitfalls in operationalizing and assessing a complex concept in social research. Secondly, results show that Digital Capital operational definition works in Italy as well as in the UK, thus legitimizing its recognition as an independent capital.

This study examines social inequalities in Philippine universities that were exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative approach using a national sample of 677 university students was utilized to measure the mediating role of digital capital on social inequalities associated with belonging to academic spaces. For the purpose of determining direct and indirect impacts, structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed. Sociodemographic (i.e., gender, age, type of residence, and family income) and educational (i.e., type of university, year in the university, and excellence criterion) characteristics were the direct predictors that were examined as exogenous variables for both digital capital and belonging. Results indicate that type of residence (β=0.200, p

Digital platforms and activities permeate everyday lives in multiple ways. They organize different modes of movement, and sometimes, who moves and who stays still. This paper takes its empirical starting point by exploring Airbnb hosts, not only through the lens of tourism labour but also within the larger context of platform-mediated work. This paper pursues two aims in exploring how trust is produced and negotiated on the platform and how the platform serves to align host performances towards corporate interests. The paper argues that the affordances of the platform are designed to develop digital credibility, or digital capital, which in turn functions to discipline hosting performances, which become instrumentalized, measured, and controlled in accordance with business interests and corporate understandings of hosting performances. In doing this, the paper argues that the development of digital capital is integral to navigating the digital platform successfully and explores how digital capital is produced and instrumentalized through the development of profiles, the review system, and the superhost status. This paper contributes insights into the workings of a key platform for facilitating tourism but also adds to the current discussion on the organization of interactions in platform capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rural-urban divide of migrant workers’ citizenization in the digital era has evolved into a “dual divide” of the rural-urban divide and the digital divide. Based on the realistic background and framework of the “dual divide”, we analyze the “digital poverty” of migrant workers caused by the “digital divide” and the damping effect of the dual capital poverty on the citizenization of migrant workers. The five levels of the “primary digital divide” faced by migrant workers will lead to the “derivative digital divide”, which in turn will lead to “digital capital poverty”. The “dual divide” and “dual poverty” will have four damping effects on the citizenship process of migrant workers, which are the differentiation effect in the labor market, the reinforcement effect of social development differences, the exclusion effect of identity and the solidification effect of life style. The crossing of the “dual divide” of migrant workers requires a combination of digital hard facilities, soft environment, training, education and empowerment through “bridge-building” connectivity projects, “ladder-building” advanced projects, “gap-filling” lifting projects, “good governance” bridging projects, and “empowerment” booster projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Esely: Journal of Social Policy is the property of Hilscher Rezso Alapitvany and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The digitalisation of the economy and the global coronavirus pandemic transfer competition for consumers into a virtual Internet environment, in which the enterprise success depends on its digital capital, which includes an Internet communication system with potential consumers. The article reveals the regularities and trends in the development of the enterprises digital capital focused on the retail market for the period 2017–2021. Economic and variance analysis of digital capital indicators based on the enterprises formed samples has been carried out. It has been noted that the leaders in the demand for websites are the trade and services industries. The global coronavirus pandemic in 2020–2021 became a powerful growth driver, with the major effect on enterprise website promotion is observed with a one year lag (in 2021). It has been found that the most industries enterprises are practically not engaged in the paid traffic development for their sites. Only real estate agencies actively interact with advertising Internet services. It has been shown that the enterprises digital capital development constantly requires new impulses or growth drivers and enterprises in most studied industries do not use the full opportunities range for increasing digital capital.

Although we have evolved digitally and technologically in the 21st century, disparities still exist in society. The research problem cited for the study is the need to assess the impact of the digital divide in the formation of digital capital, where the already stratified society based on variables such as age, gender, education, and region (rural–urban) will act as moderators to mitigate the digital inequalities for a sustainable world. The research objectives are to explore the underpinning reasons for the digital divide in reinforcing social inequalities, quantify the impact of the digital divide on digital capital statistically, and to evaluate the moderating effect of social strata variables comparatively. The idea of digital capital culminates into five hypotheses for this study as the digital divide impacts digital capital, as well as the assessment of moderating effects of age, education, and region. Statistical tools, specifically frequency, percentage, reliability, ANOVA, correlation, and regression, have been used to test the hypothesis and proposed conceptual model. The social strata dimension in the study revealed a higher variance of opinion. Digital capital is taken as the dependent variable and the digital divide is the independent variable, which shows Beta as 0.591 and B as 0.585, indicating a good relationship of 59.1% and an effect of 58.5%. Finally, the research reveals that there exists a digital divide and, hence, digital inequalities in India need to be addressed for attaining various Sustainable Development Goals. The study has significant implications for the leaders and policymakers to work towards inclusivity by bridging the digital divide and eliminating digital inequalities in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]