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A printed log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) for DVB-T2 Digital TV applications, covering the whole DVB-T2 UHF band from Channel 21 to Channel 69 (470 MHz–860 MHz), is presented. The presented antenna offers a compact size and a lower cost compared to both wire and similar printed LPDAs, with a normalized area of only 0.26 λ2 (where λ is the free-space wavelength at the central frequency) and a similar (or higher) average gain. It is composed of meandered radiating dipoles, and it is implemented on FR4, the cheapest dielectric substrate available on the market. Moreover, the antenna size has been reduced to an A4 sheet dimension (210 mm × 297 mm) to cut down the production cost. The antenna has been designed starting from Carrel's theory and using a general-purpose 3D CAD, CST Studio Suite. The results show that the proposed antenna can be used for broadband applications (≈74% bandwidth) in the whole operating frequency band of Digital TV, with a satisfactory end-fire radiation pattern, a stable gain, and a radiation efficiency over the required frequency range (average values 6.56 dB and 97%, respectively). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A printed log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) for DVB-T2 Digital TV applications, covering the whole DVB-T2 UHF band from Channel 21 to Channel 69 (470 MHz–860 MHz), is presented. The presented antenna offers a compact size and a lower cost compared to both wire and similar printed LPDAs, with a normalized area of only 0.26 λ2 (where λ is the free-space wavelength at the central frequency) and a similar (or higher) average gain. It is composed of meandered radiating dipoles, and it is implemented on FR4, the cheapest dielectric substrate available on the market. Moreover, the antenna size has been reduced to an A4 sheet dimension (210 mm × 297 mm) to cut down the production cost. The antenna has been designed starting from Carrel’s theory and using a general-purpose 3D CAD, CST Studio Suite. The results show that the proposed antenna can be used for broadband applications (≈74% bandwidth) in the whole operating frequency band of Digital TV, with a satisfactory end-fire radiation pattern, a stable gain, and a radiation efficiency over the required frequency range (average values 6.56 dB and 97%, respectively).

Footnotes 1 https://assistant.google.com/platforms/tv/ 2 The Ginga-NCL extension implementation presented in this work can be accessed at https://github.com/marinaivanov/ginga-mulsemedia/tree/multimodal 3 https://github.com/TeleMidia/ginga 4 https://gaming.tobii.com/tobii-eye-tracker-4c/ 5 https://help.tobii.com/hc/en-us/articles/213414285-Specifications-for-the-Tobii-Eye-Tracker-4C 6 Video of the application running at: https://1drv.ms/u/s!AvKXFJ6ipz46hqgcEWo39TPNhFC4JQ?e=xyetJ1 7 NCL applications and the script can be accessed at http://bit.do/fHiw4 8 https://forumsbtvd.org.br/tv3 0/ We experimented with each application to evaluate and compare the NCL extension proposal response time and an NCL 3.0 application with Lua scripts. Keywords: NCL; Ginga-NCL; Multimodal interaction; Multi-user interaction; Digital tv applications EN NCL Ginga-NCL Multimodal interaction Multi-user interaction Digital tv applications 4821 4846 26 01/30/23 20230215 NES 230215 Introduction Multimedia applications allow the synchronization of different media types such as text, image, video, and audio. Batista et al. [[7]] propose a Ginga module that enables NCL applications to use resources from other secondary devices to control content display, interaction, and event capture. Extended Ginga-NCL implementation Ginga-NCL is the DTV Ginga middleware subsystem, which allows the execution of multimedia applications specified in NCL [[1]]. [Extracted from the article]