543 results on '"dielectric material"'
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2. Preparation strategy and composition design of polymer-based layered composites for improving energy storage performances
- Author
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Yi, Zhihui, Lyu, Bin, Gao, Dangge, Hao, Jin, Liu, Zhuang, Ning, Zeyu, and Jiang, Binglu
- Published
- 2024
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Catalog
3. Improved techniques for the solution of several circular dielectric and hollow layers in a straight rectangular waveguide.
- Author
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Menachem, Zion
- Subjects
- *
DIELECTRIC materials , *THEORY of wave motion , *PROBLEM solving , *DIELECTRICS - Abstract
The first objective of this research is to develop two effective techniques for solving inhomogeneous problems in a rectangular waveguide with several circular dielectric and hollow layers. The cross section consists of a four-layer periodic circular structure with alternating dielectric and hollow layers. We assume that the dielectric profile is different in each circular dielectric layer. The first technique enables the calculation of the dielectric profile and the elements of the matrices of circular dielectric layers by using the image method. The second alternative technique improves the first technique by using the $ \omega _{ \varepsilon } $ ω ε function as well as the image method. The second objective is to examine the influence of this discontinuous cross section on the output field. The contribution of the proposed techniques is important to improve the mode model method especially in the case of a large number of circular dielectric and hollow layers in the cross section. The application is useful for an inhomogeneous cross section with several circular dielectric and hollow layers in millimeter regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2025
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4. An Improved Structure and Analysis of Asymmetrical Spacer Nanowire Tunnel Field Effect Transistor.
- Author
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Butool, S., Balaji, B., Gowthami, Y., and Singh, L.
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NANOWIRES ,FIELD-effect transistors ,HAFNIUM oxide ,ELECTRIC capacity ,DIGITAL technology - Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Engineering Transactions C: Aspects is the property of International Journal of Engineering (IJE) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Investigating the effect of variation of TiO2 nanoparticle concentration on the performance of nylon/TiO2 nanocomposite-based teng.
- Author
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Gulahmadov, O., Gahramanli, L., Muradov, M., Mamedov, H., Musayev, A., Gomez, C. Vacacela, and Bellucci, S.
- Subjects
- *
TRIBOELECTRICITY , *DIELECTRIC materials , *OPEN-circuit voltage , *PERMITTIVITY , *NANOPARTICLES - Abstract
This study explored the impact of varying concentrations of TiO2 NPs on the performance of TENGs made from nylon/TiO2 NCs. The TENGs were constructed using nylon films as one triboelectric material and polysiloxane (PS) as the other. Electrical measurements were performed to assess the TENGs' output parameters, such as open-circuit voltage and shortcircuit current, with different TiO2 concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%). The findings revealed that increasing the TiO2 concentration initially enhances the TENG's performance. For example, TENGs based on 1% TiO2 NCs achieved maximum voltage and current values of 41.38 V and 2.5 µA, respectively, which are higher than those of ordinary nylon TENGs (30.36 V and 1.82 µA). This improvement is due to the increased dielectric constant of the NC material, which enhances charge storage capacity and boosts the TENG's output. However, when the TiO2 concentration is further increased (e.g., to 5%), the TENG's performance begins to decline. This drop is caused by the agglomeration of TiO2 NPs on the nylon surface, which reduces the active contact area between the nylon and PS films, weakening the triboelectric effect. Similar patterns were observed in TENGs with 3% and 5% TiO2xs concentrations, where excessive TiO2 led to a decrease in output power due to uneven nanoparticle distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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6. Design and performance optimization of a novel lens antenna for emerging beyond 5G wireless applications.
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Jinhua Zhang, Shi Dong, Alsekait, Deema Mohammed, Khan, Imran, Pi-Chung Wang, and Hameed, Ibrahim A.
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ULTRA-wideband antennas ,ANTENNAS (Electronics) ,ANTENNA design ,GENETIC algorithms ,DIELECTRIC materials - Abstract
Introduction: This paper proposes a novel all-dielectric design of lens antenna and its performance is optimized using genetic algorithm (GA). The optimization objective are 1-dB and steady gain that are directly optimized. The GA also optimizes the topological design of the lens. Methods: The method consists of two main components: the design of the objective function and the initial population selection. The first lens structure fed into the algorithm and the initial population match. The lens has a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 30 mm at its thickest point with working frequency of 6–18 GHz. The 3D printing technology is used for the antenna fabrication that reduces the implantation cost. Results: The experimental results show that the gain and peak aperture efficiency of the proposed antenna are 23.8 dBi and 51.9%, respectively, better than those of the existing designs. Discussion: It advantages are low-cost, easy to fabricate, simple design, high gain, narrow beams, low side lobes. It can be used in future ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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7. A Stable, Self‐Healable, and Stretchable Dielectric Polymer for Electroluminescent Device Working Underwater.
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Liu, Yuncong, Sun, Lin, Feng, Wenwen, Jin, Zhekai, and Wang, Chao
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- *
ELECTROLUMINESCENT devices , *DIELECTRIC materials , *ELECTROLUMINESCENT polymers , *PERMITTIVITY , *DIELECTRICS - Abstract
Stretchable dielectric polymer with high dielectric constant is a major component for electroluminescent devices. However, the intrinsic instability toward water severely limits their further applications in marine environment. Here, a transparent, underwater stable, and self‐healable dielectric material with high dielectric constant is reported. The electroluminescent device based on this newly designed fluoropolymer can work stably in aqueous conditions. There is no significant attenuation of mechanical and optoelectronic property after immersed in water and salty water for a month. The intrinsic self‐healing ability of the device makes it robust and resilient against unexpected minor or severe damages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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8. Operational Characteristics of AlGaN/GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors with Various Dielectric Passivation Structures for High-Power and High-Frequency Operations: A Simulation Study.
- Author
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Kim, Ji-Hun, Lim, Chae-Yun, Lee, Jae-Hun, Choi, Jun-Hyeok, Min, Byoung-Gue, Kang, Dong Min, and Kim, Hyun-Seok
- Subjects
BREAKDOWN voltage ,DIELECTRIC materials ,GALLIUM nitride ,PERMITTIVITY ,PASSIVATION - Abstract
This study investigates the operational characteristics of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) by employing various passivation materials with different dielectric constants and passivation structures. To ensure the simulation reliability, the parameters were calibrated based on the measured data from the fabricated basic Si
3 N4 passivation structure of the HEMT. The Si3 N4 passivation material was replaced with high-k materials, such as Al2 O3 and HfO2 , to improve the breakdown voltage. The Al2 O3 and HfO2 passivation structures achieved breakdown voltage improvements of 6.62% and 17.45%, respectively, compared to the basic Si3 N4 passivation structure. However, the increased parasitic capacitances reduced the cut-off frequency. To mitigate this reduction, the operational characteristics of hybrid and partial passivation structures were analyzed. Compared with the HfO2 passivation structure, the HfO2 partial passivation structure exhibited a 7.6% reduction in breakdown voltage but a substantial 82.76% increase in cut-off frequency. In addition, the HfO2 partial passivation structure exhibited the highest Johnson's figure of merit. Consequently, considering the trade-off relationship between breakdown voltage and frequency characteristics, the HfO2 partial passivation structure emerged as a promising candidate for high-power and high-frequency AlGaN/GaN HEMT applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2024
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9. Factorial analysis on the preparation of pineapple plantation waste as dielectric materials.
- Author
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Rasid, Nur Fareeza Najwa, Zainol, Norazwina, Ya'acob, Amirah, Samad, Kamaliah Abdul, Yusof, Nurhafizah Abu Talip, Aziz, Nor Hazwani, and Karim, Mohamad Shaiful Abdul
- Abstract
This study aims to apply pineapple leaves as a base substance in the preparation of dielectric materials and to analyze the important factors in pineapple leaves preparation as dielectric materials. Dielectric materials are basically insulators and are poor electrical conductors. They are commonly used for energy storage in capacitors. The investigated factors include the pineapple leaf powder mass (3 and 5 g), the ratio of pineapple leaves to distilled water, PL: DW (1:10 and 1:15), the boiling time (30 and 50 min), and the heating option (yes or no). The cellulose content was analyzed using the Kurschner-Hanack method, and the permittivity value was obtained through an Agilent Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The experimental setup was designed by the Design-Expert software, and the data were analyzed accordingly based on the two-level factorial design (TLFD). Based on the analysis, the best condition was suggested at 3 g of pineapple leaf powder mass, 1:10 of PL: DW, 49.24 min of boiling time, and a heated sample. At this condition, the percentage of cellulose content and permittivity values were up to 59.25% and 2.8876, respectively. The obtained p-value of the cellulose content and permittivity values of 0.0035 and 0.0047 show that the chosen model was significant. The R
2 of 0.9856 and 0.9412 explained the well-fitted model for cellulose content and permittivity value. Hence, exploring dielectric material production using pineapple leaves could be another option to minimize pollution while turning waste into a valuable item. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2024
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10. An investigation on electric field emission in shielded capacitive coupler for wireless power transfer utilizing diverse materials.
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Mohd RAZIB, Nurul Nadhirah, AHMAD, Suziana, HAJAR, Nurul, and SADUN, Amirul Syafiq
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WIRELESS power transmission ,FIELD emission ,ELECTRIC fields ,DIELECTRIC materials ,FINITE element method - Abstract
Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Development of sustainable polymer-based dielectric composites from agricultural waste: A review
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Mekha K B, Nurhafizah Abu Talip Yusof, K. Sudhakar, Norazwina Zainol, Nurulfadzilah Hasan, and Mohamad Shaiful Abdul Karim
- Subjects
Agriculture waste ,Dielectric properties ,Polymer composite ,Dielectric material ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Dielectrics are essential for storing and controlling electrical energy in the electrical and electronic industries. However, their production from non-renewable sources raises environmental concerns. This review investigates sustainable polymer-based dielectric composites made from agricultural waste, focusing on the various parameters that affect dielectric characteristics. These composites offer improved dielectric properties and contribute to waste reduction and environmental sustainability. Agricultural waste, including crop residues and by-products, offers a promising, sustainable source of dielectric composite materials. This review also highlights the feasibility of using agricultural waste-based polymer dielectric composites for dielectric material in various electronics applications. Dielectric composite's permittivity is influenced by carbon, oxygen, filler, temperature, cellulose, and morphological changes. Biodegradable materials like agricultural waste, which have good fibre and carbon content, can produce good dielectric constants, making them suitable for antennas and microwave absorbers. In conclusion, the review underscores the importance of sustainable practices in dielectric composite material development and the valuable role of agricultural waste in advancing environmentally friendly solutions. more...
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- 2024
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12. Investigation of Dual-Layer Si-ITO-Dielectric Based Hybrid Plasmonic Electro-Absorption Modulator at 1.55 µm Wavelength.
- Author
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Das, Himanshu R.
- Subjects
- *
DIELECTRIC materials , *INTEGRATED circuits , *HAFNIUM oxide , *BORON nitride , *INSERTION loss (Telecommunication) - Abstract
In this paper, a dual-layer plasmonic material-based electro-absorption modulator (EAM) is designed and investigated. Indium-tin-oxide (ITO), along with dielectric materials such as boron nitride (hBN) and hafnium dioxide (HfO2), is integrated into the Si waveguide for tuning the light propagating inside the device. The device showed enhanced performance in terms of extinction ratio (ER) = 34.48 dB/µm, the figure of merit (FOM) = 493, and insertion loss (IL) = 0.06 dB/µm for On-state at 1.55 µm wavelength. Also, the dual-state behavior of the EAM was observed and investigated. An IL of 22.22 dB/µm and 25.39 dB/µm was observed for the Off-On and On-Off configurations, respectively. A modulation frequency (${f_{3dB}}$ f 3 dB ) of 1.72 THz and 340 GHz was achieved for the EAM with hBN and HfO2 as the dielectric material. The investigated EAM with different dielectric materials has the potential to be integrated into future-generation photonic integrated circuits (PICs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
- Full Text
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13. Improved Performance Analysis and Design of Dual Metal Gate FinFET for Low Power Digital Applications.
- Author
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Padmaja, P., Chary, D. Vemana, Erigela, R., Sirisha, G., ChayaDevi, S. K., Pedapudi, M. C., Balaji, B., Cheerala, S., Agarwal, V., and Gowthami, Y.
- Subjects
DIELECTRIC materials ,SILICA ,HAFNIUM oxide ,TRANSISTORS ,TITANIUM oxides - Abstract
A High-K Dielectric Dual Metal Gate FinFET (DMG-FinFET) is proposed in this work to improve the drain current and electrical characteristics of the device. The proposed device employing dielectric materials such as Silicon dioxide, Hafnium oxide and Titanium oxide and investigated in 10 nm technology. The architecture represents a critical advancement in transistor design, addressing challenges posed by traditional high-K gate dielectric materials being HfO
2 and TiO2 . This work employs a comprehensive approach, incorporating simulation techniques to evaluate the performance metrics of DMG FinFET. This investigation encompasses key aspects being transistor characteristics, power consumption, and reliability. This high-k dielectric (HfO2 ) Dual material Gate -FinFET device achieving improved performance parameters such as Ion= 32.12 mA, Ioff= 33 μA, Gm(max) = 0.045 S, Gds(max) = 0.024 S and Ron(max) = 32.87 kΩ. Therefore this work is suitable for designing high performance devices with high-k dielectric materials being HfO2 and TiO2 . The impact of dual metal gate materials on Ion, Ioff, Gm (max), Gds(max) and Ron(max) is calculated and improved 64% compared to conventional device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2024
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14. Compact triple decagon split ring resonator metamaterial for liquid sensing applications.
- Author
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Razali, Nur Fatin Mohamad, Sahar, Norsuzlin Mohd, Hoque, Ahasanul, Rmili, Hatem, Soliman, Mohamed S., Alamri, Saeed, and Islam, Mohammad Tariqul
- Subjects
- *
METAMATERIALS , *SESAME oil , *CASTOR oil , *RESONATORS , *COCONUT oil - Abstract
This paper presents a metamaterial structure, known as a triple decagon split-ring resonator, which operates in the Ku-band frequency. The proposed structure has two different ground planes, a full ground plane and a structured ground plane. The aim of having these two ground planes is to determine which one gives a better S21 performance. A simulation was conducted to compare the S21 performance of the two structures. The results show that the metamaterial structure with the structured ground plane has better S21 performance compared to the metamaterial structure with the full ground plane. The structure with the structured ground plane has two resonance frequencies, 13.6 and 16.9 GHz, with S21 magnitudes of -38.4 dB and − 42.8 dB, respectively. The metamaterial structures were fabricated and measured using a vector network analyzer. The metamaterial structure with the structured ground plane was chosen to be used for liquid sensing, and oil was used in this study. Different types of oils – butter oil, castor oil, coconut oil, gasoline, kerosene, olive oil, palm seed oil, and sesame oil – were used. The resonance frequency shift of the metamaterial structure recorded a significant shift when the proposed metamaterial structure was measured experimentally and numerically. The average sensitivity of the metamaterial structure is 0.62, the Q-factor is 113.13, and the figure of merit (FOM) is 70.25. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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15. Fabrication of Graphene/Natural Fiber Dielectric Composite for Electromagnetic Interference Eradication
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Akshita, Singh, Priyanka Priyadarsini, Nath, Ganeswar, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, and Sharma, Archana, editor more...
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- 2024
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16. Plasmonic-based electro-absorption modulator integrated with different dielectric materials at 1.55 µm wavelength
- Author
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Himanshu Ranjan Das
- Subjects
Electro-absorption modulator ,Plasmonic material ,Dielectric material ,Insertion loss ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
In this paper an electro-absorption modulator (EAM) based on plasmonic material along with different dielectric materials were investigated. The study focuses on the performance matrices of the device based on four different dielectric materials such as hafnium dioxide (HfO2), silicon nitride (Si3N4), boron nitride (hBN), and silicon dioxide (SiO2). A finite element method (FEM) is used to carry out the investigated results like insertion loss (IL), extinction ratio (ER), and figure of merit (FOM). The device yielded a very high ER of 35.42 dB/µm and an IL of 0.02 dB/µm at 1.55 µm wavelength. A modulation frequency (f3dB) of 0.46 THz, 1.50 THz, 2.39 THz, and 4.24 THz was achieved for the EAMs with HfO2, Si3N4, hBN, and SiO2as the dielectric material, respectively. Also, the investigated EAM with different dielectric materials has the potential to be integrated in Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs). more...
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- 2024
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17. Refining the physical description of charge trapping and detrapping in a transport model for dielectrics using an optimization algorithm
- Author
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Hallak, Khaled, Baudoin, Fulbert, Griseri, Virginie, Bugarin, Florian, Segonds, Stephane, Le Roy, Severine, and Teyssedre, Gilbert
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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18. Gate Oxide Thickness and Drain Current Variation of Dual Gate Tunnel Field Effect Transistor.
- Author
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Howldar, S., Balaji, B., and Rao, K. Srinivasa
- Subjects
HAFNIUM oxide ,FIELD-effect transistors ,DIELECTRIC materials ,DIELECTRICS ,DOPING agents (Chemistry) - Abstract
Two-dimensional analytical modelling of Dual Material Gate Tunnel Field Effect Transistor with change in variation of gate oxide thickness (DMG-UOX-TFET) is proposed in this work. This proposed device employs dielectric materials such as hafnium oxide and silicon dioxide, with distinct oxide thicknesses. This device was invented using a technology-aided computer design tool in 10 nm (0.01 µm) technology. This work investigates the impact of gate oxide thickness on the electrical characteristics of the proposed device, with a particular focus on drain current variation. The extensive simulations and key performance parameters of the proposed device were analyzed regarding gate oxide thickness. The various gate oxide thicknesses and their effects on the device subthreshold slope, On- current, Off- current, and on-off-current ratio were analyzed. The proposed device incorporates n-type operations within the gate overlap region, effectively mitigating the corner effect and the detrimental band-to-band tunneling that can degrade the on/off ratio. Through careful optimization of the doping concentration in the gate overlap region, achieved a remarkable ~4.8 time enhancement in the on-current, while simultaneously reducing the average subthreshold swing from 91.3 mV/dec to 52.8 mV/dec. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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19. Influence of h-BN Concentration on the Development of PVDF-HFP/TiO2/h-BN Nanocomposite Films for Electroadhesive Applications.
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Deepak Rosario, J., Ranjithkumar, R., Vidhya, B., Swaminathan, Rajesh, Ayyasamy, Sakunthala, Nandhakumar, Raju, and Suryakanth, J.
- Abstract
Because of their enormous potential for use in current electronic systems, polymer-based dielectric materials have garnered considerable attention. The spatial distribution of fillers has a significant impact on the dielectric behavior of polymer composites, so a better understanding of the relationship between the dielectric properties of composites and the spatial distribution of filler would be extremely helpful in developing new high-performance dielectrics. In this study, anatase TiO
2 and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanocomposites were prepared by ball-milling. This was followed by the preparation of poly(vinylidene fluoride)–co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP)-based polymer nanocomposites. TiO2 /h-BN material was confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The TiO2 /h-BN nanoparticles were well distributed in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, with very little particle aggregation. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy data indicate that the nanocomposite components interact well. AC impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the variations in electrical characteristics including dielectric constant, dielectric loss and electrical resistivity (Nyquist plot) of the prepared composite film. These films were applied to enhance load-bearing capacity during electrostatic force state, making use of flexible fabric-based metal electrodes. The load-bearing capacity of the film was determined by measuring the tensile strength. The PVDF-HFP/TiO2 /h-BN nanocomposite showed flexibility in addition to dependable dielectric capabilities, making it potentially suitable for a variety of flexible electronic devices such as electroadhesion and electrostatic storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Spacer Dielectric Analysis of Multi-Channel Nanosheet FET for Nanoscale Applications
- Author
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Asisa Kumar Panigrahy, Veera Venkata Sai Amudalapalli, Depuru Shobha Rani, Muralidhar Nayak Bhukya, Hima Bindu Valiveti, Vakkalakula Bharath Sreenivasulu, and Raghunandan Swain
- Subjects
CMOS inverter ,DIBL ,dielectric material ,gate-all-round (GAA) ,power consumption ,nanosheet (NS) FET ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
This work investigates the effect of single and dual-k spacer materials consisting of different dielectric constants (k) in optimized nano-channel gate-stack nanosheet (NS-FET) employing hafnium oxide and silicon dioxide as gate insulator to improve its sub-threshold performance. The effect of the external low-k spacer modification in the dual-k spacer has been shown by adjusting the inner high-k spacer. The drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) in this modification with dual-k spacer is 14 mV/V, a significant improvement above single spacer NS-FET. The Visual TCAD 3D Cogenda tool is used to examine the performance of the developed NS-FET with air, single, dual-k, and hybrid spacers. The CADENCE platform is used to perform circuit aspects. Additionally, a comparison of the device architecture’s performance study with respect to DC characteristics is made. DC parameters of the proposed device are established: $I_{ON}$ to $I_{OFF}$ ratio of approximately $10^{5}$ , DIBL of approximately 14 mV/V, sub-threshold swing (SS) of approximately 62 mV/dec, and low threshold voltage (Vth) of 0.38 V. The analysis on power consumption for advanced NS-FET is also analyzed with single-k and dual-k spacers. The performance of single-k and dual-k spacer dielectric variation for CMOS inverter is also shown. Furthermore, low power consumption by this NS-FET ensures improved device performance suitable for nanoscale semiconductor industries. more...
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Direct Current Triboelectric Nanogenerators, a Perspective from Material Selections
- Author
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Xiang Li, Di Wei, and Zhong Lin Wang
- Subjects
direct current triboelectric nanogenerator ,dielectric material ,semiconductor material ,materials for iontronic rectifications ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemical technology ,TP1-1185 - Abstract
With the global energy shortages, sustainable energy scavenging from the natural environment is desperately needed. Unlike solar cell or wind power, which depends heavily on weather conditions, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has received extensive attention as an efficient all–weather energy–harvesting technology. Based on the coupling principle of contact electrification (CE) and electrostatic induction, conventional TENGs convert mechanical energy into an alternating current (AC) output. However, the typically distributed sensor systems in the ubiquitous Internet of Things (IoTs) request a direct current (DC) input. Direct current triboelectric nanogenerators (DC-TENGs) with the constant output characteristic are critical to satisfy the above requirements. Here, DC-TENGs were reviewed from the perspective of material selections. As device performance is mainly determined by material properties, the development of DC-TENGs could be divided into three categories based on dielectric materials, semiconductor materials, and materials for iontronic rectifications. The operating mechanism and influencing factors of various types of DC-TENG were summarized, representative applications were demonstrated, and the main challenges of future developments were also discussed. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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22. Operational Characteristics of AlGaN/GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors with Various Dielectric Passivation Structures for High-Power and High-Frequency Operations: A Simulation Study
- Author
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Ji-Hun Kim, Chae-Yun Lim, Jae-Hun Lee, Jun-Hyeok Choi, Byoung-Gue Min, Dong Min Kang, and Hyun-Seok Kim
- Subjects
gallium nitride ,high-electron-mobility transistor ,passivation ,dielectric material ,breakdown voltage ,Mechanical engineering and machinery ,TJ1-1570 - Abstract
This study investigates the operational characteristics of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) by employing various passivation materials with different dielectric constants and passivation structures. To ensure the simulation reliability, the parameters were calibrated based on the measured data from the fabricated basic Si3N4 passivation structure of the HEMT. The Si3N4 passivation material was replaced with high-k materials, such as Al2O3 and HfO2, to improve the breakdown voltage. The Al2O3 and HfO2 passivation structures achieved breakdown voltage improvements of 6.62% and 17.45%, respectively, compared to the basic Si3N4 passivation structure. However, the increased parasitic capacitances reduced the cut-off frequency. To mitigate this reduction, the operational characteristics of hybrid and partial passivation structures were analyzed. Compared with the HfO2 passivation structure, the HfO2 partial passivation structure exhibited a 7.6% reduction in breakdown voltage but a substantial 82.76% increase in cut-off frequency. In addition, the HfO2 partial passivation structure exhibited the highest Johnson’s figure of merit. Consequently, considering the trade-off relationship between breakdown voltage and frequency characteristics, the HfO2 partial passivation structure emerged as a promising candidate for high-power and high-frequency AlGaN/GaN HEMT applications. more...
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- 2024
- Full Text
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23. Lead-free silver niobate microparticles-loaded PDMS composite films for high-performance clip-like hybrid mechanical energy harvesters.
- Author
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Paranjape, Mandar Vasant, Graham, Sontyana Adonijah, Manchi, Punnarao, Kurakula, Anand, and Yu, Jae Su
- Subjects
HARVESTING machinery ,ENERGY harvesting ,CLEAN energy ,MECHANICAL energy ,POTENTIAL energy ,POWER capacitors ,SILVER - Abstract
• The effect of silver niobate MPs as a filler material for mechanical energy harvesting was investigated. • The robust and stable clip-like HNG structure was proposed to efficiently harvest mechanical/biomechanical energy. • The proposed clip-like HNG device produced an electrical output of 340 V/20 µA. A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a highly potential green energy harvesting technology to power small-scale electronic devices. Enhancing the overall electricity production capacity of TENGs is a primary concern for their utilization as an electricity generator in day-to-day life. Herein, we proposed a lead-free silver niobate (AgNbO 3 (ANb)) microparticles (MPs)-embedded polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite film-based clip-like hybrid nanogenerator (HNG) device, producing an enhanced electrical output from the applied mechanical movements. The ANb MPs with a high dielectric constant were initially synthesized and embedded inside the PDMS polymer matrix. Various HNGs were fabricated utilizing ANb MPs/PDMS composite films/aluminum tape as negative/positive triboelectric films, respectively and operated in contact-separation mode. The electrical output from them was comparatively analyzed to investigate an optimum concentration of the ANb MPs inside the PDMS film. The robust HNG with 5 wt % ANb MPs/PDMS composite film produced the highest electrical output with promising stability. Thereafter, three similar optimized HNGs were fabricated and integrated within a 3D-printed clip-like structure and the electrical output was thoroughly evaluated while combining multiple HNGs as well as from each independent HNG. The clip-like HNG device exhibited an electrical output of 340 V and 20 µA that can be further utilized to charge various capacitors and power portable electronics. Owing to the high resilience structure of the clip-like HNG device, it was also demonstrated to harvest biomechanical energy produced by human movements into electricity. The mechanical energy harvesting when the clip-like HNG device was attached to the accelerator pedal of the car and the pedal of a musical piano was successfully demonstrated. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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24. Asymptotic solutions for interface cracks between two dissimilar flexoelectric materials.
- Author
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Profant, T., Sládek, J., and Sládek, V.
- Subjects
- *
FINITE element method , *STABILITY criterion , *REGULAR graphs - Abstract
It is developed the procedure of the assessment of the amplitude factors in the asymptotic solution for the interface crack between two flexoelectric materials. The stress exponents with the appropriate eigenvectors of the regular and auxiliary solutions are evaluated from the eigenvalue problem assembled from the boundary conditions prevailing at the tip of the crack. The amplitude factors of the asymptotic solution are computed from the two-state integrals in which the regular, auxiliary, and finite element solution represents the independent equilibrium states. The obtained results show the capability of the two-state integrals to extract the dominant terms of the asymptotic solution from the weak solution of the fracture problem represented by the finite element method. The amplitude factors representing the most singular terms of the asymptotic solution at the crack tip are quantities playing an important role in the problems of crack stability criterions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Direct Current Triboelectric Nanogenerators, a Perspective from Material Selections.
- Author
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Li, Xiang, Wei, Di, and Wang, Zhong Lin
- Subjects
DIRECT current generators ,TRIBOELECTRICITY ,ELECTROSTATIC induction ,INTERNET of things ,DIELECTRIC materials ,ENERGY harvesting - Abstract
With the global energy shortages, sustainable energy scavenging from the natural environment is desperately needed. Unlike solar cell or wind power, which depends heavily on weather conditions, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has received extensive attention as an efficient all–weather energy–harvesting technology. Based on the coupling principle of contact electrification (CE) and electrostatic induction, conventional TENGs convert mechanical energy into an alternating current (AC) output. However, the typically distributed sensor systems in the ubiquitous Internet of Things (IoTs) request a direct current (DC) input. Direct current triboelectric nanogenerators (DC-TENGs) with the constant output characteristic are critical to satisfy the above requirements. Here, DC-TENGs were reviewed from the perspective of material selections. As device performance is mainly determined by material properties, the development of DC-TENGs could be divided into three categories based on dielectric materials, semiconductor materials, and materials for iontronic rectifications. The operating mechanism and influencing factors of various types of DC-TENG were summarized, representative applications were demonstrated, and the main challenges of future developments were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Preparation of Biobased Printed Circuit Board Prototypes Using Poly(furfuryl alcohol) Resin.
- Author
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Carrigan, Aidan M., Valentine, Joseph, Viitaniemi, Maria L. K., Frost, Kali, Nguyen, Bichlien H., Lincoln, John D., and Tontisakis, Antonios
- Subjects
FURFURYL alcohol ,COREMAKING ,PRINTED circuits ,COPPER foil ,MANUFACTURING processes ,LAMINATED materials ,COMPOSITE plates ,ALUMINUM foil - Abstract
The present study explores the processability and properties of poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA)-based composites and draws comparisons with the industry-standard epoxy resin matrices used in printed circuit board applications. A poly(furfuryl alcohol)-based fiberglass prepreg was used to manufacture composite cores laminated with copper foil, which were then integrated in situ into printed circuit board prototypes through industry-typical manufacturing and assembly processes. Both copper cores and printed boards were tested to characterize the electrical properties and overall quality of the prototypes. The fabrication of the copper cores and manufacturing methods of the printed boards are described, alongside the results from the characterization of the cores and the testing of the printed boards. The inherent advantages and disadvantages of the material are highlighted, and areas of improvement for the processability of the material and reliability of the technology are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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27. Electric Potential, Capacitors, and Dielectrics
- Author
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Mochrie, Simon, De Grandi, Claudia, Becker, Kurt H., Series Editor, Di Meglio, Jean-Marc, Series Editor, Hassani, Sadri D., Series Editor, Hjorth-Jensen, Morten, Series Editor, Inglis, Michael, Series Editor, Munro, Bill, Series Editor, Scott, Susan, Series Editor, Stutzmann, Martin, Series Editor, Mochrie, Simon, and De Grandi, Claudia more...
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Research Progress on Thin Film Transistors Fabricated with Printing Technologies
- Author
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Zhang, Nianjie, Wang, Suyun, Liu, Shengzhen, Liang, Lijuan, Yu, Zhaohui, Li, Lianfang, Huang, Beiqing, Wei, Xianfu, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Xu, Min, editor, Yang, Li, editor, Zhang, Linghao, editor, and Yan, Shu, editor more...
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- 2023
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29. Unveiling the synergistic effect of zinc oxide and carbon black nanoparticles on the dielectric properties of vulcanized natural rubber
- Author
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A. Anand, Bote Vaishali Raosaheb, M.V. Hemantha Reddy, M.P. Sham Aan, K. Ekwipoo, R.S.Praveen Kumar, A.V. Vijayasankar, C.J. Binish, and Jobish Johns
- Subjects
Dielectric material ,Vulcanization ,Nanocomposites ,Optical profilometry ,Surface roughness ,Technology - Abstract
Flexible nanocomposite materials were prepared by introducing Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and Carbon Black (CB) as nano-fillers separately into vulcanized natural rubber (NR). The impact of curing agents and filler integration on the structure and electrical characteristics of NR was thoroughly examined. Electrical properties such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and ac conductivity were assessed. Pure NR exhibited higher dielectric properties and ac conductivity compared to NR cured with pentane-1,5-deylidenediamine (PDD), which gradually decreased up to a certain threshold due to the immobilization of non-rubber constituents. Dielectric Constant of pure NR decreases from 148.81 to 6.87 upon the addition of 2 ml crosslinking agent into NR. Furthermore, NR composites filled with CB demonstrated lower dielectric properties compared to those filled with ZnO, likely attributed to the polar nature of ZnO. Dielectric Constant of cured NR was increased and exhibited 20.7 for the NR composite with 0.06 % ZnO. The surface roughness of the resulting nanocomposites was analyzed using optical profilometry, and its correlation with dielectric and ac conductivity was investigated. more...
- Published
- 2024
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30. Material dielectricity effects on the performance of capacitive micro-devices: a nonlinear study.
- Author
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Valizadeh, Samira, Fathalilou, Mohammad, and Rezazadeh, Ghader
- Abstract
Nowadays, research on the application of new materials with interesting electrical properties, such as high dielectric constant, on electrostatically-actuated microstructures has become one of the prominent research fields worldwide. One of the main disadvantages of these structures is the high required voltage. The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the ability of dielectric materials to reduce the required voltage of capacitive MEMS and also to intensify their softening behavior. So, a nonlinear model for a capacitive microstructure has been presented and HfO
2 has been selected as the substrate material of the capacitor whose package is filled with high pressure & dielectric constant gas. It has been shown that both of these changed options together (or each of them) can significantly reduce the required actuating voltage. The physically gradient-descent-based learning method has been used to solve the governing nonlinear equation, allowing to obtain the primary and secondary resonances in the first harmony, as well as in higher harmonies of the response. It has been shown that, growing the thickness of the dielectric layer, as well as using a high coefficient dielectric gas in the package, intensifies the softening behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
31. Influence of h-BN Concentration on the Development of PVDF-HFP/TiO2/h-BN Nanocomposite Films for Electroadhesive Applications
- Author
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Deepak Rosario, J., Ranjithkumar, R., Vidhya, B., Swaminathan, Rajesh, Ayyasamy, Sakunthala, Nandhakumar, Raju, and Suryakanth, J.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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32. Relaxation Functions Interpolating the Cole–Cole and Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts Dielectric Relaxation Models.
- Author
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Duan, Lingjie, Duan, Junsheng, and Li, Ming
- Subjects
- *
DIELECTRIC materials , *DIELECTRIC relaxation , *RELAXATION phenomena , *DIELECTRIC loss , *DIELECTRICS , *PERMITTIVITY - Abstract
To describe non-Debye relaxation phenomena observed in dielectric materials, the Cole–Cole (CC) relaxation model in the frequency domain and the Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts (KWW) relaxation model in the time domain were introduced in the physics of dielectrics. In this paper, we propose a new relaxation model with two parameters besides a relaxation time by expressing the relaxation function in the time domain in terms of the Mittag–Leffler functions. The proposed model represents a group of non-Debye relaxation phenomena and shows a transition between the CC and the KWW models. The relaxation properties described by the new model are analyzed, including the response function, the normalized complex dielectric permittivity, dielectric storage and loss factors as well as the relaxation frequency and time spectral functions. The presented relaxation function has a concise form and is expected to be applied to more complex relaxation phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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33. Substrate and Encapsulation Materials for Printed Flexible Electronics
- Author
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Tong, Colin, Hull, Robert, Series Editor, Jagadish, Chennupati, Series Editor, Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki, Series Editor, Kruzic, Jamie, Series Editor, Osgood, Richard M., Series Editor, Parisi, Jürgen, Series Editor, Pohl, Udo W., Series Editor, Seong, Tae-Yeon, Series Editor, Uchida, Shin-ichi, Series Editor, Wang, Zhiming M., Series Editor, and Tong, Colin more...
- Published
- 2022
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34. Study of Microstrip Antenna Geometry: Effect of Antenna Geometry on Antenna Parameters—A Comprehensive Review
- Author
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Mishra, Brijesh, Shiddique, Shadab Azam, Singh, Vivek, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Tiwari, Manish, editor, Maddila, Ravi Kumar, editor, Garg, Amit Kumar, editor, Kumar, Ashok, editor, and Yupapin, Preecha, editor more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Development and Testing of a Method for Continuous Mass Measurement of Dielectric Material Samples During Microwave Heat Treatment.
- Author
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Matveev, E. V. and Berestov, V. V.
- Subjects
- *
DIELECTRIC measurements , *DIELECTRIC materials , *HEAT treatment , *MASS measurement , *AUTOMATIC control systems , *MICROWAVES , *ELECTROMAGNETIC radiation - Abstract
The paper considers methods for continuous mass measurement of dielectric material samples during microwave heat treatment at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. It is shown that the direct measurement of the sample mass by electronic scales during microwave treatment is complicated, since it is not possible to use conductive materials inside the process chamber due to induction of currents, which distort the measurement results. The paper proposes a technique for continuously measuring the mass of dielectric material samples during microwave heat treatment. The technique is based on thermogravimetric analysis methods. A unique measurement system has been developed, which utilizes this technique and consists of the following individual modules: a sample hanger located inside the process chamber, and a strain gauge, spectrometer and signal processing and conversion systems located outside the chamber. The use of a modular configuration makes it possible to distance the measurement system as far as possible from the source of electromagnetic radiation, avoid signal distortion, and isolate the measuring equipment from microwave exposure. The developed technique for continuously measuring sample mass during microwave heat treatment was tested, and the resulting dependences of mass changes revealed two characteristic stages of material carbonization, which differ based on the sample mass variation rate. The total error of the technique is less than 1%, with the quantization error during analog-to-digital conversion being the main contributor. The proposed technique can be used in automated control systems associated with microwave treatment of materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Starch-Assisted Stable Synthesis of CdS Nanoparticles for Enhanced Electrical and Optical Properties.
- Author
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Uddin, Imran, Abzal, Shaik M., Kalyan, Kurapati, Janga, Sailakshmi, Patel, Rajkumar, and Dash, Jatis Kumar
- Subjects
OPTICAL properties ,PERMITTIVITY ,CADMIUM sulfide ,NANOPARTICLES ,DIELECTRIC materials ,DIELECTRIC loss - Abstract
Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a biodegradable starch [(C
6 H10 O5 )n ] polymer as a capping and stabilizing agent. The as-synthesized CdS NPs were highly crystalline and had a hexagonal structure with an average particle size of ~ 10.5 nm. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis was used to examine the presence and interactions of starch on the surface of the nanoparticles. The electronic behavior of CdS NPs was analyzed using I–V measurements and impedance spectroscopy. These NPs exhibit semiconducting behavior with resistance and conductance values of 1.78 ×108 Ω, and 5.61 × 10−9 S, respectively. Photoresponse studies of CdS NPs showed significant photoresponse with improved photocurrent under light conditions. The dielectric measurements were done at different temperatures, during both the heating and cooling cycles, and the frequency dependence and temperature dependence of dielectric constant and dielectric loss were investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Moisture Detection in Tree Trunks in Semiarid Lands Using Low-Cost Non-Invasive Capacitive Sensors with Statistical Based Anomaly Detection Approach.
- Author
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Ali, Ashraf, Ali, Ahmad, Abaluof, Hussein, Al-Sharu, Wafaa N., Saraereh, Omar A., and Ware, Andrew
- Subjects
- *
TREE trunks , *CAPACITIVE sensors , *MOISTURE , *LAND use , *EIGENVALUES - Abstract
This paper focuses on building a non-invasive, low-cost sensor that can be fitted over tree trunks growing in a semiarid land environment. It also proposes a new definition that characterizes tree trunks' water retention capabilities mathematically. The designed sensor measures the variations in capacitance across its probes. It uses amplification and filter stages to smooth the readings, requires little power, and is operational over a 100 kHz frequency. The sensor sends data via a Long Range (LoRa) transceiver through a gateway to a processing unit. Field experiments showed that the system provides accurate readings of the moisture content. As the sensors are non-invasive, they can be fitted to branches and trunks of various sizes without altering the structure of the wood tissue. Results show that the moisture content in tree trunks increases exponentially with respect to the measured capacitance and reflects the distinct differences between different tree types. Data of known healthy trees and unhealthy trees and defective sensor readings have been collected and analysed statistically to show how anomalies in sensor reading baseds on eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the fitted curve coefficient matrix can be detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Influence of Sn, in on ac electrical conductivity and dielectric relaxation behavior of Se–Te chalcogenide glass films.
- Author
-
Farid, A. S., Hegab, N. A., El-Wahabb, E. Abd, and Magdy, H.
- Abstract
Thin films of Se
85 Te10 X5 (= Sn, In) were synthesized by the thermal evaporation technique. Both Ac and dielectric measurements were carried out in the frequency range (102 –105 Hz) and the temperature range (303–333 K). The result of ac conductivity was found to follow the power law: (ac (ω) = A ωs with s < 1) which is interpreted with the correlated barrier hopping model (CBH). The Ac conductivity exhibited a thermally activated behavior with an activation energy reduces with temperature. Both the dielectric constant ε1 (ω) and the dielectric loss (ε2 (ω)) reduce with the frequency and rise with raising temperature over the examined ranges. Some parameters as Maximum barrier height WM , hopping energy WH , the localized state density NE (f) and relaxation time τ are estimated and their change with Sn/In addition is discussed. Sn addition improves the conductivity of Se–Te than In addition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Investigate the Effect of Dielectric Properties on Microwave Absorption of Pyramidal Microwave Absorber
- Author
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Barrathy Vagananthan, Y. S. Lee, K. Y. You, H. S. Gan, and F. H. Wee
- Subjects
Dielectric material ,Microwave absorber ,Absorption ,Reflectivity ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the impact of various dielectric properties material’s effects on broadband pyramidal microwave absorbers (PMA). The Computer Simulation Technology (CST) studio software simulates and analyzes the PMA over 0.7 GHz to 30 GHz frequency range. To achieve the best reflectivity performance of the PMA, different types of dielectric materials and the thickness of the base layers were analyzed and investigated. The average of four types of sample materials studied, the reflectivity level is between -50 dB and -27 dB for the desired range of frequency, 0.7 GHz to 30 GHz. The sample-4 material has a dielectric constant of 3.83, and a loss tangent of 1.52 has the best microwave absorption, absorbing microwaves above -48 dB over the frequency range of 0.7 GHz to 30 GHz. Because of its microwave absorption capability, sample-4 could be used in a microwave pyramidal absorber. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Effects of electrodes surface texture, electrodes materials and dielectric material on properties of plasma activated water.
- Author
-
Rathore, Vikas and Nema, Sudhir Kumar
- Subjects
- *
DIELECTRIC materials , *COPPER electrodes , *PLASMA electrodes , *FUSED silica , *BOROSILICATES - Abstract
• Plasma device components influence PAW properties. • Knurled ground electrode increases NO 3 ˉ and NO 2 ˉ ions by 379.45% and 152.25%. • Quartz dielectric boosts plasma power by 31.9% and PAW reactive species by 68.52%. • Wire spiral electrode enhances PAW properties: 10.72% (physicochemical) and 36.87% (NO3- ions). • Copper electrodes enhance PAW properties (physicochemical and reactive species) vs brass/steel. This study explores how different components of a plasma device (PD) affect plasma-activated water (PAW), including ground electrode material, power electrode type, and dielectric material. Plasma is created within the PD, interacting with water downstream to form PAW. Findings show notable improvements in discharge current, plasma-coupled power (>76%), and physicochemical properties (PP). PAW from a knurled ground electrode exhibits significantly higher NO 3 ˉ and NO 2 ˉ ion concentrations compared to non-knurled electrodes. Substituting quartz for borosilicate glass as the dielectric layer enhances discharge power and reactive oxygen-nitrogen species (RONS) concentration. Using a wire spiral power electrode enhances PP and NO 3 ˉ ion concentration. Copper electrodes outperform brass and steel in enriching RONS and improving PP. Optimizing PD improve PAW effectiveness for diverse applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Innovative Spacer material integration in Tree-FETs for enhanced performance across Variable channel lengths.
- Author
-
Parvathi, Dharavath and Prithvi, P
- Subjects
- *
ALUMINUM oxide , *STRAY currents , *SEMICONDUCTOR devices , *DIELECTRIC properties , *ELECTRONIC equipment - Abstract
This work presents a novel three-channel Tree-FET optimized for superior DC and analog performance metrics. The device structure features nanosheets with a width (NS WD) of 9 nm, a thickness (NS TH) of 5 nm, and interbidge dimensions of 8 nm in height (IB HT) and 5 nm in width (IB WD). The Tree-FET demonstrates an exceptional on/off current ratio of 107 through meticulous engineering, significantly outperforming conventional FET configurations. Our comprehensive study explores the effects of different spacer materials, including HfO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Si 3 N 4 , and SiO 2 , across varied channel lengths. The superior dielectric properties of HfO 2 contribute to fine-tuning the device's characteristics, making it a standout choice for optimizing performance. Out of all HfO 2 has been found to perform exceptionally well, offering the best combination of electrostatic control and minimized leakage currents. Because the Tree-FET has better electrostatic integrity and can keep working well with different spacer materials and channel lengths, it has much potential as a flexible and valuable part for next-generation semiconductor devices. The promising DC and analog metrics achieved through this novel design pave the way for developing more compact, high-performance electronic components. • Novel Device Introduction. • Presentation of a three-channel Tree-FET optimized for superior Dc and analog performance. • Device Structure: • Nanosheet with a width (NS WD) of 9 nm and thickness of (NS TH) of 5 nm. • Interbridge dimensions: 8 nm in height (IB HT) and 5 nm in width (IB WD). • Performance Metrics. • In the existing literature Tree-FET with 2 channels were explored. But for the first time I proposed a novel device with three channels by varying different spacer materials at various channel lengths (12 nm–20 nm) which will optimize the device performance. • By adding extra interbridge enhance the performance metrics like exceptional On-Current (10−5), Off Current (10−12) and On -Off current ratio (107), outperforming conventional FETs. • Spacer Material Study: • Analysis of different spacer materials: HfO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Si 3 N 4 , and SiO 2. • HfO 2 found to offer the best electrostatic control and minimized leakage currents. • Dielectric Properties: • HfO 2 's superior dielectric properties contribute to fine-tuning device characteristics. • Versatility and Efficiency: • Tree-FET maintains robust performance across varied spacer materials and channel lengths. • Potential as a versatile and efficient component for next generation semiconductor devices. • Implications: • Promising DC and analog metrics (g m ,g ds ,TGF,TFP, GFP and f T) pave the way for developing more compact and high-performance electronic components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Research progress in ceramic dielectric energy storage materials
- Author
-
JIANG Ying, SHEN Xinchang, GUO Limin, BI Ke, WANG Xiaohui, and LI Longtu
- Subjects
dielectric material ,ferroelectric ,size effect ,doping modification ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
In order to better promote the research and development of high energy storage density and high efficiency lead-free ceramic dielectric capacitors, a comprehensive introduction to the energy storage principle and classification of ceramic dielectric energy storage materials was presented, the research progress, main research systems and performance advantages and disadvantages of linear dielectric, ferroelectric, relaxed ferroelectric and antiferroelectric energy storage materials in recent years were comparatively analyzed. The current challenges faced by ceramic energy storage materials and strategies to improve their energy storage were summarized. The current challenges of ceramic energy storage materials and the strategies to improve their energy storage performance were summarized, and their future development and applications were also presented. more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Influence of succinic acid species on structural, spectroscopic, optical, Z-scan, frequency doubling, photoconductivity and antibacterial properties of glycine single crystals.
- Author
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Priya, N. S. and Azhagan, S. A. Chudar
- Subjects
- *
SUCCINIC acid , *SECOND harmonic generation , *SINGLE crystals , *PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY , *GLYCINE - Abstract
With succinic acid as an additive, glycine single crystals were grown by conventional solvent slow evaporation route. Effect of succinic acid on the growth, optical and dielectric properties of glycine polymorphs has been investigated. The occurrence of functional groups has been identified by vibrational FTIR spectrophotometer. The low value of dielectric constant and dielectric loss at higher frequency range attested the grown crystal for frequency doubling applications. The laser damage threshold energy of the grown crystal was calculated. Third order nonlinear susceptibility? (3) (esu) of succinic acid added glycine crystals were evaluated from Z-scan experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Dielectric Materials
- Author
-
Matsushita, Teruo, Ashby, Neil, Series Editor, Brantley, William, Series Editor, Fowler, Michael, Series Editor, Hjorth-Jensen, Morten, Series Editor, Inglis, Michael, Series Editor, Luokkala, Barry, Series Editor, and Matsushita, Teruo more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Flexible Organic Field-Effect Transistors Using Barium Titanate as Temperature-Sensitive Dielectric Layer
- Author
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Mandal, Suman, Goswami, Dipak K., Roca, Alejandro G., editor, Mele, Paolo, editor, Kijima-Aoki, Hanae, editor, Fantechi, Elvira, editor, Vejpravova, Jana K., editor, Kalbac, Martin, editor, Kaneko, Satoru, editor, and Endo, Tamio, editor more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. An Electrical Method to Detect Both Crack Creation and Propagation in Solid Electrical Insulators.
- Author
-
Niakan T, Valdez-Nava Z, and Malec D
- Abstract
Fracto-emission is the ejection of electrons and positive ions from matter undergoing a mechanical fracture. The creation and propagation of fractures in insulating material can generate an electrical signal that can be detected using a sufficiently fast signal recorder. The theoretical equations related to crack creation/propagation that induce an externally electric signal are detailed for two conditions: with and without an external applied electric voltage. Results from an experiment with no externally applied voltage are presented for fibreglass-reinforced epoxy laminate samples, in which current signals ranging from 50 mA to 100 mA are measured in a time frame of 200 ns. The signal-to-noise ratio is high enough to consider that the signal that was recorded is not a measurement artifact. This method may help to identify and track a crack propagating inside dielectric materials. more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Analog/RF Performance Analysis of a-ITZO Thin Film Transistor.
- Author
-
Jain, Neeraj, Singh, Kunal, Sharma, Shashi Kant, and Kumawat, Renu
- Abstract
This work reports RF and analog performance analysis of an amorphous Indium Tin Zinc Oxide thin film transistor. The various parameters affecting the performance of a-ITZO TFT like drain current, drain conductance, output resistance, transconductance, transconductance generation factor, early voltage, intrinsic gain, capacitances, cut off frequency, maximum frequency of oscillation, transconductance frequency product, gain frequency product, gain bandwidth product and gain transconductance frequency product have been closely examined. The device is further analyzed to investigate the impact of variation in physical parameters viz. dielectric material, dielectric thickness (퐷푡) and temperature (T) on the RF/Analog performance. Use of high-k dielectric material in the simulated structure has resulted in low subthreshold slope (SS) of 0.62 V/decade, On voltage (푉표푛) of - 0.29 V, 퐼표푛/퐼표푓푓 ratio of ~ 10
9 , intrinsic gain (Av ) of 104.5 dB and gain frequency product (GFP) of 1.86 GHz. The best results for dielectric thickness variation are obtained for Dt of 150 nm with SS of 0.22 V/decade, 푉표푛 of -0.26 V, 퐼표푛/퐼표푓푓 of ~ 1010 , Av of 175.69 dB and GFP of 2.39 GHz. In order to investigate device thermal reliability and stability, temperature analysis has also been done. To demonstrate the circuit level implementation of the simulated structure, a resistive load inverter circuit is simulated and analyzed for different variations (high-k, 퐷푡 and T). It has also been concluded that TFT with high-k material or thinner dielectric at T=300 K provides best performance. This analysis confirms the potential of a-ITZO TFTs to realize high performance analog/RF circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Evaluation of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) integrated sensor for physiological temperature detection.
- Author
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Schmidt, Devin, Mahapatro, Anil, Loflin, Ben, and Cluff, Kim
- Subjects
- *
POLYVINYLIDENE fluoride , *TEMPERATURE sensors , *BODY temperature , *ELECTROMAGNETIC fields , *CELL physiology - Abstract
In the human body, maintaining the core body temperature (CBT) is vital to ensure proper cellular and body functions. The temperature of 37°C (98°F) is the well-established baseline for CBT, but significant deviations to under 35°C (95°F) or over 40°C (104°F) can result in several health complications. If unnoticed in spaceflight, astronauts CBT could reach dangerously high levels when doing physically challenging tasks such as spacewalking or exercise. Therefore, a real-time multi-physiological parameter sensing system is needed to noninvasively monitor the status of crew members in space. The purpose of this paper is to test a novel temperature sensor developed by integrating thin sheets of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a temperature dependent dielectric material, into the sensor system designed as a substrate. This substrate interacts with the electromagnetic field created by the spiral sensor to result in a quantitative temperature monitoring sensor with a resolution of 1°C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Facile synthesis of efficient heterogeneous photocatalytic and highly dielectric Bi4BaTi4O15 ceramic with remarkable applicability in the degradation of rhodamine B dye.
- Author
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Singh, Shruti, Kumar, Atendra, Pandey, Suresh Kumar, Singh, Devesh Kumar, Kumar, Vinod, Verma, Manish Kumar, Gupta, Asha, Tiwary, Dhanesh, and Mandal, Kamdeo
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RHODAMINE B , *X-ray photoelectron spectra , *METALLIC oxides , *X-ray powder diffraction , *TRANSMISSION electron microscopes , *ATOMIC force microscopy - Abstract
Bi4BaTi4O15(BBTO), an Aurivillius oxide, which is a mixed metal bismuth–layered based oxide fabricated by chemical route, has shown highly efficient photocatalytic activity in degradation of organic dye besides possessing high dielectric constant. The obtained material was characterised by various techniques like Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), transmission electron microscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-rays Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Zetasizer Nano-ZS, Ultraviolet- differential reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectra for the phase identification, microstructural analysis, bandgap determination, elemental analysis and oxidation state of the material. XRD data confirm the presence of single-phase BBTO ceramic, corroborated by Le-Bail fitting analysis. A high dielectric constant value of 3.08 × 103 was obtained for the BBTO ceramic at 368 K. The material is stable in suspension form in solution and is a highly efficient photocatalyst. BBTO degraded 80% of RhB dye within 1 h of time period under UV light via major reactive species OH. radicals and O2.- , generated during the photocatalytic reaction, which is proved to be following the first-order kinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2022
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50. Enhanced energy storage efficiency of lead lutetium niobate ceramics via Ba/La co-doping strategy.
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Lv, Lingfei, Zhuo, Fangping, He, Chao, Wang, Zujian, Su, Rongbing, Yang, Xiaoming, and Long, Xifa
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PHASE transitions , *ENERGY storage , *ION energy , *ELECTRICAL conductivity transitions , *ENERGY density - Abstract
• La3+ ions are effective in reducing ΔE and W loss , which improves the energy storage performance. • The efficiency of La 0.03 Ba 0.06 Pb 0.895 (Lu 0.5 Nb 0.5)O 3 ceramic increased by 51 %. • Ba2+/La3+ co-doped ceramics exhibit a 33 % increase in energy storage density. Dielectric ceramics have emerged as promising candidate materials for pulse capacitor system due to their exceptional thermal stability, mechanical properties, and energy storage capabilities. However, the potential of antiferroelectric ceramics based on Pb(Lu 1/2 Nb 1/2)O 3 in pulse-power systems is hindered by their high phase transition switching field and low energy storage efficiency. Herein, to address these limitations, we propose a co-doping strategy involving Ba2+ and La3+ ions to enhance the energy storage efficiency while simultaneously preserving a high energy storage density. Through the co-doping approach, we observed remarkable improvements in the performance of the ceramics. In comparison to Ba2+-doped samples, the co-doped ceramics exhibit a 33 % increase in energy storage density and a 51 % increase in efficiency. Our findings offer valuable insights into enhancing the energy storage characteristics of other dielectric materials. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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