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Copyright of Psychiatrie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pediatrie pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Urologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As the incidence of neuroendocrine tumors increases, so does the diagnosis. In the 21st century, diagnosis relies mainly on imaging tests supplemented with serum biomarkers, which can reveal a specific tumor subtype already in its early stages. Many times, however, neuroendocrine tumors are an incidental finding due to the asymptomatic nature of imaging examinations. In the article, we deal with general serum biomarkers and subsequently basic imaging examinations used in asymptomatic neuroendocrine tumors and functional imaging methods used in symptomatic neuroendocrine tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. To examine the latest guidelines for the diagnostics and treatment of acute diverticulitis and to formulate recommendations for the diagnostics and management of acute diverticulitis based on them. Research material and methods. A selection of the latest guidelines for the diagnostics and treatment of acute diverticulitis in the PubMed medical database in English and German, during 2012–2024 period, was performed based on the requirements criteria of the PRISMA literature review and the PICO data selection me thod. Key words used in the search: “acute”, “diverticulitis”, “guidelines”, “diverticulosis”, “diagnostics”, “treatment”. Results. Although different guidelines disagree on the order of UG and CT with intravenous contrast, 6/6 guidelines agree on UG and 7/7 on the appropriateness of CT with contrast in the diagnostics of acute diverticulitis. 7/8 guidelines agree that routine antibiotic therapy is unwarranted in the treatment of uncomplicated diverticulitis. 6/6 guideline authors agree on the treatment of small abscesses with antibiotic therapy, and 7/7 on the treatment of large abscesses with antibiotic therapy and drainage. 5/7 guidelines support Hinchey III antibiotic therapy and primary anastomosis treatment with/without preventive ileostomy. Hinchey IV recommendations for tactics in the treatment of acute diverticulitis are distinguished. Planned surgery after a complicated episode of diverticulitis is routinely recommended by 3/7 guidelines, 2/7 guidelines – when strictures or fistulas are formed, 2/7 – the decision should be made based on the patient’s condition. Most guidelines do not recommend conservative secondary prophylaxis after an acute episode of diverticulitis. Conclusions. UG and CT with intravenous contrast are the methods of first choice for the diagnostics of acute diverticulitis. In case of uncomplicated diverticulitis, routine antibiotic therapy is not recommended, drainage is used only for large abscesses, and antibiotics for both small and large abscesses. Primary anastomosis with/without preventive ileostomy is preferred for Hinchey III acute diverticulitis. Recommendations for the treatment tactics of Hinchey stage IV AD differ in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Folia Pharmaceutica Cassoviensia is the property of University of Veterinary Medicine & Pharmacy in Kosice and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heterogeneous disease with variable phenotypic expression. There has been a significant advancement in the diagnosis, treatment and influencing of the prognosis of patients in recent years. Aim: To describe the characteristics of the patients with sarcomeric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy hospitalized in a tertiary care centre and to evaluate diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in this group of patients. Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from the Hospital Information System from January 1, 2013 to April 27, 2023. The study included 213 patients who met the criteria for the definition of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. There were 145 (68.1%) patients with the obstructive form (HOCM) and 68 (31.9%) patients without obstruction. Results: The median age was 55 years (IQR 43-64), with a gender distribution of 108/105 (male/ female). There were a total of 184 patients (86.4%) in the NYHA functional class II-IV. Cardiac magnetic resonance was performed in almost 30% of all patients. The percentage of patients who underwent genetic analysis was 15%. Betablockers were the most frequently indicated drug group (63.8% in total). Septal reduction therapies were performed in 8.5% of patients. Heart transplantation was performed in 15 patients (7%), dominantly in the non-obstructive group (17.6 vs 2.1%, p <.0001). We observed worse survival rate in the non-obstructive versus obstructive group (p=0.04). Conclusion: Based on this analysis, specialized care is required almost exclusively in symptomatic patients, despite the fact that most patients with HCM are asymptomatic and the disease is associated with a risk of sudden cardiac death. The availability/implementation of cardiac magnetic resonance, as well as genetic examination and counseling does not correspond to current recommendations. Patients with a non-obstructive form of HCM had a worse prognosis. Examinations focused on the presence of a specific myocardial hypertrophy etiology is not a standard diagnostic process. Availability of septal reduction therapy is good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Straipsnio tikslas – išnagrinėti naujausias ūminio divertikulito diagnostikos ir gydymo gaires ir jomis remiantis pateikti ūminio divertikulito diagnostikos ir gydymo rekomendacijas. Metodai. Naujausių ūminio divertikulito diagnostikos ir gydymo gairių atranka atlikta PubMed medicininėje duomenų bazėje anglų ir vokiečių kalbomis. Pasirinktas 2012–2024 m. laikotarpis, remtasi PRISMA literatūros apžvalgos reikalavimų kriterijais ir PICO duomenų atrankos metodu. Atliekant paiešką, taikyti reikšminiai žodžiai: acute, diverticulitis, guidelines, diverticulosis, diagnostics, treatment. Rezultatai. Skirtingose gairėse nevienodai rekomenduojama laikytis ultragarsinio tyrimo (UG) ir kompiuterinės tomografijos tyrimo (KT), taikant intraveninį kontrastavimą, eiliškumo, tačiau 6 iš 6 gairių pritariama dėl UG, o 7 iš 7 gairių – dėl KT, taikant intraveninį kontrastavimą, tinkamumo ūminiam divertikulitui diagnozuoti. 7 iš 8 gairių nurodoma, kad, gydant nekomplikuotą divertikulitą, nepagrįstai taikoma rutininė antibiotikoterapija. 6 iš 6 gairių sutariama dėl mažų abscesų gydymo antibiotikoterapija, o 7 iš 7 gairių – dėl didelių abscesų gydymo antibiotikoterapija ir drenavimu. 5 iš 7 gairių pritariama dėl Hinchey III stadijos ligoniams taikytinos antibiotikoterapijos ir gydymo atliekant pirminę anastomozę bei formuojant prevencinę ileostomą arba jos neformuojant. Ūminio divertikulito gydymo taktikų rekomendacijos sergantiesiems Hinchey IV stadija išsiskiria. 3 iš 7 gairių rekomenduojama rutiniškai atlikti planinę operaciją, įvykus komplikuoto divertikulito epizodui, 2 iš 7 gairių – susidarius striktūrų ar fistulių. 2 iš 7 gairių siūloma priimti sprendimą atsižvelgiant į paciento būklę. Konservatyvi antrinė profilaktika, įvykus ūminio divertikulito epizodui, daugumoje gairių nerekomenduojama. Išvados. UG ir KT, taikant intraveninį kontrastavimą, yra pirmojo pasirinkimo metodai diagnozuojant ūminį divertikulitą. Nekomplikuoto divertikulito atveju rutininė antibiotikoterapija nerekomenduotina. Drenavimas taikytinas tik esant dideliems abscesams, antibiotikai – esant tiek mažiems, tiek dideliems abscesams. Hinchey III stadijos ūminiam divertikulitui gydyti tinkamiausia pirminė anastomozė, formuojant prevencinę ileostomą arba jos neformuojant. Rekomendacijos dėl Hinchey IV stadijos ūminio divertikulito gydymo taktikos mokslinėje literatūroje skiriasi.

A case of isolated EBV myocarditis in young nonimmunocompromited male is presented. Precise diagnosis was made promtly using cardiomarkers, advanced echocardiography, MRI and endomyocardial biopsy with virus genome detection [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Czech & Slovak Social Work / Sociální Práce / Sociálna Práca is the property of Czech & Slovak Social Work and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the study was to define the speed characteristics of Slovak women's national under 19 football team and to examine the differences in individual characteristics considering to playing positions. The research sample consisted of female football players from national team under the age of 19 (n = 25). Female football players were divided according to their playing position: goalkeepers (B, n = 3), defenders (O, n = 9), midfielders (S, n = 6) and forwards (U, n = 7). Speed indicators were assessed using linear motor tests of running speed. Performances in the 10-meter, 30-meter, and 50-meter linear sprints were measured using two pairs of photocells (Brower Timming System, Utah). We evaluated individual values achieved in speed tests with an accuracy of 0.01 s. We used the non-parametric Kruskall-Wallis H test to assess differences between variables, using multiple comparison p values to analyze the results in more detail. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the positions in the 10 m sprint. Significant differences occurred in the speed test at 30 and 50 m between the goalkeeper and forward positions (30 m; p = 0.026 and 50 m; p = 0.046). This study may benefit fitness and football coaches. The results of this study may provide insightful strategies for developing conditioning programs for individual positions in women's football. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Urologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Urologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Urologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Urologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, the authors approach the issue of endometriosis of the urinary tract as a diagnostic unit that a urologist may encounter in his practice. It is a form of deep infiltrating endometriosis and refers to the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue invading the bladder, ureter, kidney and urethra. Symptomatology is expressed in 50-70% of cases and includes cyclic hematuria, recurrent dysuria, pollakisuria, cystalgia or nephrolgia. Therapy management is watchful waiting, hormonal or surgical. The choice of the appropriate approach depends on the patient's preferences and on her age, symptomatology, anatomical conditions and the capabilities of the surgeon. Furthermore, the authors present two recent case reports of patients with endometriosis of the bladder and ureter who underwent examination and operative treatment at the given department. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dermatologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Neurologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Neurologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Celiac disease (CD) is a gastrointestinal disorder caused by the immune system’s response to gluten, involving both innate and adaptive immune reactions. It leads to various neurological issues, such as gluten ataxia, gluten neuropathy, epilepsy, and gluten encephalopathy. Although neurological presentations are rare in children, they are observed in up to 36% of adult patients with CD. Recent evidence suggests that these manifestations may be linked to gluten-related mechanisms, including antibody cross-reactions, immune-complex deposition, direct neurotoxicity, and, in severe cases, vitamin or nutrient deficiencies. However, there is still no consensus on whether serological, neurophysiological, or neuroimaging findings can effectively diagnose and monitor CD-associated neurological problems at an early stage. The identification of multimodal biomarkers and suitable neuroimaging tools could aid in the diagnosis, monitoring, and enhancement of the quality of life for individuals with neuroceliac disease. Nonetheless, it is essential to provide appropriate treatment to those with CD and neurological symptoms, as prolonged suffering may lead to irreversible disability. The primary treatment for neurological manifestations of gluten-related disorders is a strict gluten-free diet, although a small number of patients may require additional immunosuppressive therapy, typically using mycophenolate or intravenous immunoglobulins. In this literature review, our aim was to explore the relevant neurological disorders associated with CD, early diagnostic and treatment options to prevent related disability in affected patients. Clinicians should consider CD as a potential cause in individuals presenting with unexplained neurological dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rehabilitation Sciences: Nursing, Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy / Reabilitacijos Mokslai: Slauga, Kineziterapija, Ergoterapija is the property of Lithuanian Sports University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Onkologija is the property of Institute of Oncology Ljubljana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cancer is a major risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The incidence of cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) in cancer patients is increasing due to improved antitumor treatment options and the prolongation of patients’ lives. It constitutes up to 25% of all VTE cases. CAT causes higher morbidity and mortality, as well as a deterioration in the quality of life. Daily subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) has been the standard treatment for CAT for years. Data on the safety and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in this population have emerged in recent years and have been included in recent international guidelines. For the acute-phase treatment, the anti-Xa inhibitors (apixaban, edoxaban, rivaroxaban) showed better efficacy than LMWH in preventing VTE recurrence; however, rivaroxaban and edoxaban were also associated with an increased risk of bleeding events. Recent guidelines recommend DOACs for the treatment of CAT in selected cancer patients (eg, low bleeding risk, no luminal gastrointestinal or genitourinary malignancies, no interfering medications). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Urologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Neurologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pediatrie pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Urologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: The ability to understand can be impaired in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, including developmental language disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit disorder and learning disability. The aim of this article is to introduce a new test, TEPO, which is designed to assess sentence comprehension in children aged 3–8 years. Materials and methods: Data collection was conducted between 2018 and 2021, the basic set of 863 children consisted of healthy children (N = 335), children with articulation disorder (N = 296) and children with developmental language disorder (N = 232). The norms were validated on children without developmental language disorder and were defined per three months of age using percentile bands. The deficit band is defined by performance in the ≤ 5th percentile. Results: Significant diagnostic validity of the test was demonstrated (discrimination across age in groups of healthy children and children with articulatory disorders compared to the group of children with language disorders was statistically significant; p < 0.001) with concurrent validity (rs= 0.826 and rs= 0.863, respectively) and internal validity (Cronbach’s α = 95), high sensitivity and specificity (82.4 -100 % and 87–100 %, respectively). Negative and positive predictive value and cut-off score were also determined. Conclusion: TEPO has the potential to screen comprehension in children across all elemental diagnoses in which comprehension impairment occurs. It also allows a partial differential-diagnostic distinction of the pathomechanism of the disorder, i.e., if the errors in comprehension are due to difficulties in understanding lexical or grammatical-syntactic structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Acute subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a dangerous condition: roughly 50% of patients die within 30 days, nearly 25% develop significant neuropsychological and cognitive deficits, about 10% suffer from other complications, and only around 15% recover fully. One of the main causes of mortality is cerebral vasospasm (CVS), a cause of delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI), which can lead to secondary cerebral infarction. Thus, early detection of CVS is crucial for improving patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyse the demographic and clinical (including complications) data of patients diagnosed with SAH, to evaluate the diagnostic methods, and to investigate the prevalence and treatment of complications. Materials and methods. This retrospective study included 102 patients diagnosed with spontaneous SAH, aged at least 18 years, who were treated in the Vilnius University Hospital Santaros klinikos (VUL SK) in 2014-2017. The obtained VUL SK data were selected by the 160 ICD-10-CM code and depersonalized. Head computerized tomography (CT), CT angiography (CTA), digital subtraction angiography (DSA), transcranial color-coded duplex sonography (TCCS), and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were used to evaluate the cerebral arteries. Results. In 102 patients (mean age 58±16 years; 55% female), the most common cause of spontaneous SAH was ruptured aneurysm, the most common arterial sites were the middle cerebral artery (36%), anterior cerebral artery and/or communicating artery (together 33%), and internal carotid artery (20%). In-hospital mortality was as high as 21%. All patients underwent head CT, 78% CTA, 33% DSA, 8% TCCS, and 1% MRA. 71% patients experienced SAH complications: 66% acute, 27% chronic. The most common acute complications were cerebral oedema (34%), rebleeding (29%), and acute ischaemia (23%), the most common chronic complications hydrocephalus (11%), DCI (9%), and CVS (8%). Conclusions. CVS was diagnosed considerably less frequently in this study compared to other studies. While the diagnosis rates of ischaemia and hyponatremia were likewise significantly lower in this study compared to those in others, they are in line with the CVS diagnosis rate. Aside from the CVS and CVS-related complications, all the other SAH complications were roughly within the range of the other studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Zdravotnicke listy is the property of Alexander Dubcek University in Trencin, Faculty of Nursing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Primary hyperaldosteronism (PH), i.e. Conn syndrome, is considered the most common cause of endocrine hypertension with the prevalence of 5-10% in the general population of hypertensive subjects and 20-30% in patients with resistant and severe hypertension. Therefore its systematic screening among hypertonics is very important. Screening of PH should be a part of differential diagnosis in selected groups of hypertonics, especially those with resistant or severe diastolic hypertension. Because long term aldosterone overproduction may cause severe organ complications such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and renal impairment, it is necessary to recognize and to treat this syndrome very early. This review is focused on clinical management of patients with PH based on current guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Logopeedide igapäevatööst moodustab suure osa häälduspuuete teraapia. Enamasti ei ole häälduspuuetel ühte kindlat kergesti tuvastatavat põhjust ja näiliselt sarnased vead võivad olla erineva tekkemehhanismiga. Tõhusaks teraapiaks on aga vaja häälduspuude olemust mõista. Paraku puuduvad teadusuuringud häälduspuuete avaldumise kohta eesti keeles. Käesolev artikkel pakub välja teoreetiliselt põhjendatud aluse häälduspuuete analüüsiks, võttes seejuures arvesse eesti keele eripärasid. Kirjeldatakse häälduspuuete psühholingvistilist analüüsi, mille keskmes on hääldamine kui kognitiivne protsess. Eesti keele eripäradest lähtuvalt käsitletakse kahte kõneloome tasandit – fonoloogilist ja foneetilist, mille kahjustuste eristamine on praktikas osutunud kõige keerulisemaks. Analüüsiga antakse sisend logopeedilisse diagnostikasse. *** How to analyse speech sound disorders in Estonian children? The article discusses speech sound disorders in Estonian children from a psycholinguistic perspective. The focus is on the phonological and phonetic aspects of the Estonian language that are substantially different in comparison to well-studied Germanic languages. The topic is relevant to everyone with an interest in speech development but especially for speech-language pathologists, who are tasked with the diagnosis and remediation of this prevalent class of communication disorders. The gold standard for differentiating speech sound disorders from typical development relies on developmental norms of speech production, which are currently lacking for Estonian-speaking children. Thus, speech-language pathologists have to rely on investigations conducted in languages other than Estonian and their own experience in diagnosing speech sound disorders. Identifying the disorder is only the first step. For effective treatment planning it is also important to understand the underlying processes that manifest in a speech sound disorder. In this article we argue that a process-oriented approach based on psycholinguistic theory is best suited for this goal. The discussion focuses primarily on speech sound disorders arising from the phonological and phonetic planning levels of speech production, because similarities in the behavioral presentations of these disorders make differential diagnosis difficult. Considering speech sound disorders in the context of findings from other languages and in the context of features that are specific to Estonian leads to several conclusions and suggestions for future investigations. The article identifies a number of aspects of the Estonian language (e.g., segmental quantity and rich vowel inventory) that may prove particularly fruitful for studying the manifestation and differential diagnosis of speech sound disorders in Estonian children.

Copyright of Military Medical Science Letters / Vojenské zdravotnické Listy is the property of University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Projustice is the property of Business Intelligence Club, o.z. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Urologie Pro Praxi is the property of SOLEN sro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The authors present their experiences with emotionally instable adolescent patients, with signs harm and suicidal behavior, possibly with other psychopatological symptoms. They discuss the issues of development in adolescence, risk circumstances that intensify the manifestations of emotional instability and discuss the possibilities of therapeutic influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Kinanthropologica is the property of University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Education, Department of Physical Education & Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this pilot qualitative research was to take an insight into how counseling psychologists perceive the concept of socially conditioned intellectual disability (further only SCID). Specifically, to find out if they are aware of this concept, their attitude towards it, diagnostic practice, and potential supportive interventions. Data were obtained through a semistructured interview of 10 respondents (Median experience = 6 years), from 9 Children´s educational care centres (5 regions of the Czech Republic). The obtained data were analyzed by thematic analysis with the elements of the grounded theory using the technique of open coding. The analysis showed that none of the respondents explicitly use the term SCID, however, the term is implicitly present in their practice. According to the respondents, the concept could serve as an inspiration for a broader reflection on the etiology of "suspiciously low" scores in intellectual tests and the intellectual potential of the child. In practice, the respondents most often determine the conclusion about the level of intellectual and adaptive abilities based only on standardized tests of intellect. The respondents do not use tests and scales for adaptive behaviour, social and family environment – mainly due to a lack of staff and time capacity. The respondents perceive the differential diagnosis of SCID from intellectual disability as complicated. Half of the respondents see dynamic assessment as a promising approach to differentiate between SCID and intellectual disability. The respondents provide follow-up support and interventions to children who may fit the SCID concept very marginally due to limited capacity. The interviews also provided several potential suggestions for practice – the need to create a clear and generally accepted definition of SCID, conduct an assessment in greater depth and complexity, and intensify cooperation with the family of a child from a socially disadvantaged background and other related institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myasthenia gravis is a chronic au to immune neuromuscular dis or der typically presenting with variable skeletal muscle fatigue. The most prevalent initial manifestation of myasthenia is ocular myasthenia. Approximately 50% of all myasthenia cases be gin with the weakening of the eye muscles that generally presents as diplopia and/or ptosis. How ever, about 60% of these cases progress to a generalized type within the first 2 years. The diagnosis of ocular myasthenia is of ten difficult but is collectively confirmed by clinical evaluation and laboratory results. Clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, relevance, and therapeutic options are dis - cussed in this article [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renal colic is the most common non obstetric cause of hospital admission in pregnancy. Ideal managementof urinary stones which ensure the good condition of the mother and fetus is a challenge to urologists and gynecologists. There are several anatomical and functional changes in the urogenital tract of pregnant women, which lead to calculi formation. The most common symptom of ureteral stone is flank pain with microscopic or macroscopic hematuria. Inonizing imaging modalities should be avoided if is possible in pregnant women. Ultrasound is the first line imaging of choice. It is non invasive, low cost and generally available. Upper urinary tract dilatation can be reliably detected with ultrasound. MRI can be used to detect ureteral stones not seen on ultrasound. When MRI is not available, low dose CT seems to be safe option, but only as last resort when imaging before endoscopic intevention is required by the treating urologist. Conservative managment, with observation and waiting for spontaneous passage is the preferred first line option for ureteral stones in pregnancy. In refractory renal colic, or if febrile UTI develops with stone obstruction, urological intervention (with or without stone treatment) and stent insertion is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]