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Copyright of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies is the property of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Akademik Hassasiyetler is the property of Huzeyfe Suleyman Arslan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sakarya University Journal of Law Faculty (SHD) is the property of Sakarya University Journal of Law Faculty (SHD) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS) is the property of Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Qur'ān, serving as a life guide for believers, demands actions that benefit humanity. Since its inception, humanity has sought good living conditions both individually and collectively. In societal life, the system providing these conditions is primarily the state and its administrators. In this context, the qualities, character, and administrative attitudes of leaders are significant. Societies living under positive conditions when these traits are virtuous, and negative conditions when they are not, have continuously sought a better system. Throughout history, this search has manifested in turning towards divine truths or, frequently, in deviating into falsehoods. During this process, Almighty Allah sent prophets and their scriptures, calling people to divine truths and showing the path to true happiness. It is known that political structures and state leaders are among the essential elements ensuring the happiness of people living in communities, solving problems, and keeping them united under common goals and ideals. As indicated in the Qur'ān, both prophets and individuals with exceptional qualities, who we define as "ideal" public servants, are mentioned, and messages are conveyed through their characteristics and actions. Therefore, it is crucial for societies to show sensitivity in selecting those who will perform public duties and to consider divine criteria. This article focuses on the typology of state leaders praised and condemned by the Qur'ān through words and concepts, aiming to illustrate the positive and negative outcomes societies may face based on their choices of leaders through some exemplary comparisons. Besides the Qur'ānic exegesis, this article also benefits from various scientific disciplines, distinguishing itself by its conceptual approach and interdisciplinary connections. The study aims to explain the qualities of an ideal state leader through Qur'ānic concepts and to highlight the serious responsibility of performing public or administrative duties. The article intends to convey that a true believer should not undertake public duties entrusted to them as a trust if they lack competence, and Muslim societies should not assign public duties to those who are not qualified for their future's sake. As stated in a hadith, when tasks are not entrusted to experts/authorities, in other words, when appointments to public duties are not made justly, societal disintegration occurs. In Islamic history, works on ideal governance and leaders began with books in the fields of Islamic philosophy and law, such as "al-Madina al-Fadila" and "al-Ahkam alSultaniyya," followed by numerous political and advisory works. This article conducts research on characters and concepts in the Qur'ān, identifying the criteria of ideal leaders through verses and exegesis related to eleven leaders with the characteristics of state leaders. Most of these leaders, possessing the morality and competence of an ideal administrator, are prophets or their followers. Among the mentioned leaders in the Qur'ān, the foremost is the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), who served as the head of state in Medina. Previous prophets include Joseph, Moses, Aaron, David, and Solomon; kings and queens include Saul, Dhul-Qarnayn, and the Queen of Sheba; and advisors include Asaf ibn Barkhiya, the advisor to Solomon, and the person described as the "believer who concealed his faith" in the Qur'ān, the advisor to Pharaoh, Harbil/Hezekiel. This study, determining the criteria of how a state leader should be based on Qur'ānic verses, aims to maintain thematic integrity by comparing the findings with negative leader personalities, identifying the ideal leader profile through exemplary state leader qualities and topics, showing how this is done conceptually, and highlighting the intended message. The personalities mentioned in the article, along with the above eleven state leaders praised by the Qur'ān's principles and methods of governance, include those whose governance styles are condemned: Nimrod, Pharaoh, Korah, Haman, Goliath, Walid ibn Mughira, Abu Lahab, Abu Jahl, and Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thomas Hobbes is considered one of the founders of modern political thought. He claims that the most fundamental aim and endeavor of human beings is to survive and builds his political philosophy on this claim. Hobbes explains the essence of the social existence of human beings, who strive to survive with a primary instinct, with mutual distrust and fear. Hobbes' views, which have been debated for centuries, have often been compared to the philosophers such as Rene Descartes and John Locke. However, the profound influence of Hellenistic philosophy in general and Stoic philosophy in particular on Hobbes has often been neglected. Especially in the Turkish literature, there is almost no detached work on the Stoic foundations of Hobbes' political philosophy. This article is written to reveal the influence of Stoic philosophy on Hobbes. Throughout the article, it is attempted to show that Hobbes draws on Stoic doctrines, especially the doctrine of Oikeiosis, in many aspects while constructing his political philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Felsefelogos is the property of Felsefelogos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Management Theory & Practices Research (JMTPR) is the property of Journal of Management Theory & Practices (JMTP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Firat University Faculty of Theology / Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Firat University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kultur Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mülkiye Dergisi is the property of Mulkiye Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of MEMLEKET: Politics & Administration / Siyaset Yönetim is the property of Local Governments Research, Assistance & Education Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of MEMLEKET: Politics & Administration / Siyaset Yönetim is the property of Local Governments Research, Assistance & Education Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of MEMLEKET: Politics & Administration / Siyaset Yönetim is the property of Local Governments Research, Assistance & Education Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of MEMLEKET: Politics & Administration / Siyaset Yönetim is the property of Local Governments Research, Assistance & Education Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of MEMLEKET: Politics & Administration / Siyaset Yönetim is the property of Local Governments Research, Assistance & Education Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Akademik Hassasiyetler is the property of Huzeyfe Suleyman Arslan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kırıkkale Law Journal (KLJ) is the property of Kirikkale Law Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Institute / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Bingol University / Rectorate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Research / Sosyal Bilimler Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of ODU Journal of Social Sciences Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Politeia (Πολιτεία in Hellenic) as a fundamental concept of legal philosophy and political philosophy can be interpreted in various meanings such as state, constitution, republic, citizenship etc. Though the fact that this term has a broad scale of meaning might, prima facie, seem confusing, such nature of the concept can, in light of its hermeneutics, hold light to ancient conception of law, ethics and politics. To this end, this study aims a thorough analysis of the concept by handling every meaning attached to the term Politeia in ancient texts that survive today, and suggesting possible hermeneutic connections between those meanings. It is expected that this method would not only clarify the entire possible meanings of the term Politeia, but would help understanding ancient legal and political conceptions of the ancient times.

Orta Doğu coğrafyası dünyanın çatışmalarla parçalanmış tek bölgesi olmamasına rağmen, uzun zamandır dünyanın en çatışmalı bölgelerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Çatışmalar ve savaşlar, Orta Doğu’nun bölgesel sistemini derinden etkilemiştir. Çatışmalar ve savaşların olumsuz etkileri, devletler arası askeri anlaşmazlıkların nedenini anlamayı oldukça gerekli kılmaktadır. Devletler arası askeri anlaşmazlıklara yönelik tarihsel veri setlerinin varlığı ise askeri anlaşmazlıkların nicel yöntemlerle modellenmesini sağlamaktadır. Bu amaçla çalışmada Marwala tarafından kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenen ve açıklanan yedi bağımsız değişken (ittifak, komşuluk, uzaklık, büyük güç, kapasite, demokrasi ve ekonomik bağımlılık) ile Orta Doğu’daki devletler arası askeri anlaşmazlıklar, lojistik regresyon analizi ile modellenmiştir. Nicel analiz sonuçlarına göre bu yedi değişkenden en çok ekonomik bağımlılık faktörü (negatif yönde) ve komşuluk faktörünün (pozitif yönde) Orta Doğu devletlerinin askeri anlaşmazlığı ile ilişkili olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Diğer bir ifadeyle, Orta Doğu devletlerinin ekonomik açıdan bağımlı olduğu devletler ile daha az ve komşularıyla daha fazla askeri anlaşmazlık yaşadığı anlaşılmıştır.

In this book review, the work prepared by Musa Şamil Yüksel as his doctoral thesis is introduced. The work deals with the relationship between religion and state during the Timurids (1370-1507). The individual religiosity of the Timurid rulers and the reflection of their understanding of religion on the state method are discussed in a fluent style. The work contributes to the literature in terms of cultural history. There are aspects of the study that may pose problems, such as controversial sentences, frequent repetitions, and the procedure adopted in the use of footnotes. In this evaluation, controversial sentences were examined and solutions were offered to eliminate the shortcomings of the book. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mülkiye Dergisi is the property of Mulkiye Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Yıldırım Beyazıt Law Review (YBLR) is the property of Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Law School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to make a critical but primarily comparative analysis of the Catholic faith and Marxist thought in the context of the political manifestations of the individual, society and the state. The first focus of the study is the Catholic Christianity belief and the fundamental teachings of clergy/ philosopher such as Saint Augustine, Saint Paulus, Salisbury’s John and Thomas Aquinas, who produced their theories within this belief system. Another crucial point is Marxist internationalism, without overlooking the importance of the integrity of Marxist thought, but in order not to detach from the context of the study. The similarities between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena will constitute the main route of the study. On the other hand, the differences will also be addressed at the conceptual level. As a result of the study, with the claim that Catholic Christianity is open to everyone regardless of nationality in its divine discourse, the similarities such as Marxism's rebuttal of nationalism, the ideal of a universal divine empire (state of god) and internationalist communism based on faith, the ideal of equality of all people, reaching a final conclusion of a linear and progressive understanding of history, being the main basis of justice for the legitimacy of the rebellion, similarities such as the approach transforming individualism emerged in the form of free will into socialism with the call for unity have been reached. On the other hand, it is inevitable that there are differences in comparing a belief system and a worldview due to ontological reasons. In this context, besides the aforementioned similarities, it has also been observed that there are divergences regarding the human nature, the divine law/humanmade law dichotomy, regime and the origin of the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Beytulhikme: An International Journal of Philosophy is the property of Beytulhikme: An International Journal of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ASBU Law Journal is the property of Social Sciences University of Ankara and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The meeting of the Ottoman Empire with the railway is in the middle of the XIX. century. The railway lines, which were used commercially as a priority area, were used to reflect the military and state power of the II. Abdulhamit. In the First World War, railway lines played an important role in the war, in the transport of military equipment and the army. In the Late Ottoman and Early Republican Periods, the railway, in a sense, became one of the main points of the nation-state building process. The railway, which was used as both military superiority and propaganda in the National Struggle, became the most important area with the establishment of the Republic administration. This study has been prepared in order to reflect for what purposes the railway is used and at what point its functionality is in the nation-state building paradigm. In the study, the foundation of the Ottoman railway policy and its transformation in the Republican Period are included. Starting from the railway policy of the Republican Period, it has been tried to express with examples how important the railway network is in the nation-state building process. In addition, the importance of the railway network in the transfer of the Republican space ideology to other Anatolian cities was mentioned. In this study, the effect of the central cities on the surrounding cities is included in the economy, population and socio-cultural gains gained thanks to the railway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yusuf Khass Hajib's Kutadgu Bilig is considered one of the most important works of the Turkish state administration heritage, due to its important contributions to the establishment and advancement of the science of administration. The administrative, political, and social structures of the Turkish world are exposed in this work, along with suggestions on how to advance each. The work, which is a politics book, mentioned the attitudes of the administrators toward their subjects as well as their duties and obligations to the administrators. One of the oldest Turkish cultural heritages, Yusuf Khass Hajib's Kutadgu Bilig work provided important contributions to the development of Turkish-Islamic culture and civilization. In this article, the contributions of Kutadgu Bilig to the Turkish state administration process were examined, and the importance of his advice and its effects on state administration were evaluated. Additionally, the fundamental dynamics of Yusuf Khass Hajib's perspective of the state, society, and management were examined, as well as the impact of Kutadgu Bilig on the Turkish state administration system. As a result, it is necessary to develop and maintain a fair and honest system at the state level and in administrative functioning, and to establish an administrative structure where reason and knowledge prevail. In this regard, Kutadgu Bilig's guiding principles and ideas include elements that would greatly advance Turkish state administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mülkiye Dergisi is the property of Mulkiye Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of R&S: Research Studies Anatolia Journal is the property of Dr. Arif Yildiz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sovereign wealth funds indicate savings of governments other than national reserves. Sovereign wealth funds can be defined as companies which are established in order to achieve macro-economic goals of the government. National reserves are foreign currency assets and gold of goverments in central banks. However, sovereign wealth funds aim to make profits by using national reserves which are redundant and current account surplus. These funds first emerged in 1950's especially in the Gulf countries, which had an extraordinary revenue stream due to oil revenue, were accepted over time by European countries such as Norway whose exports were much higher than imports with a high current surplus, as well as Asian countries such as China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Russia. A sovereign wealth fund had been established in the name of Türkiye Wealth Fund in our country in 2016. The purpose of the establishment of the fund had been settled as a long-term development perspective with sustainable growth and stability. In this study, a conceptual information had been tried to be presented about the sovereign wealth fund. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Management Academy is the property of Uluslararasi Yonetim Akademisi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Beytulhikme: An International Journal of Philosophy is the property of Beytulhikme: An International Journal of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Felsefe ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi (FLSF) is the property of Felsefe ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi (FLSF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Seljuk University Journal of Seljuk Studies is the property of Selcuk University Journal of Seljuk Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Seljuk University Journal of Seljuk Studies is the property of Selcuk University Journal of Seljuk Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sistem teorisi hem sosyolojinin hem de uluslararası siyasetin en önemli çalışma alanlarından biri olmuştur. Sistem teorisini en kapsamlı şekilde ele alan ilk siyaset bilimci Morton Kaplan, gelenekselci metodun karşısında yer alarak çalışmalarını davranışsalcı akımın içinde yürütmüştür. Buna karşın Hedley Bull düzen kavramını üretmiştir. İngiliz okulu teorisyenlerinden Barry Buzan ve Richard Little’ın sistem tarihi yazımı denemesi ise alternatif bir sistem analizi sunmuştur. Morton Kaplandan sonra uluslararası siyasete üst seviyeden bir bakış, Kenneth Waltz tarafından yapılmıştır. O dünya siyasetinde Soğuk Savaş dönemini açıklayarak tepeden bir bakış açısı sunmuştur. Fakat Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde Sosyal İnşacılık yaklaşımının yapı ve yapan ilişkisini açıklaması, uluslararası siyasete dair yeni bir kuramsal deneme sunmuştur. Onların yaklaşımı, bir tarih yazımında kullanılmaktan ziyade sistem içindeki değişimi açıklamaya yöneliktir. Diğer taraftan Haas’ın sistem yaklaşımı ise uluslararası örgütlerin sistem içinde oynadığı role dikkat çekmektedir. Onun sistem yaklaşımı, sistemin bir parçası olan yapı konusunda bir öngörü sunmasına rağmen siyasi bir tarih yazımına bir katkısı söz konusu değildir. Buna karşın Resocrance’ın denemesi, en başarılı sistem tarihi yazımlardan biri olarak değerlendirilebilir.

The 19th century was a period in which many social events, especially wars, treaties, economic crises, and migrations, that would affect and shape the whole society in the Ottoman Empire, took place. The chaos and confusion in the borders of the state increased the tendency to crime. Although the theft cases were intense in Dersaadet (Beautiful City of Istanbul), it increased in some parts of the state as well. In the middle of the 19th century, many women thieves who made this job a bad habit were reflected in the Ottoman archive documents, as well as compulsory reasons such as poverty and neediness. As the thieves were women, the items they stole mostly consisted of clothing, jewellery, gold, and cash. In this period, in addition to the thieves who became famous alone, there were also women who made their names known as gangs and bothered the state. In the gang in question, it was understood that the women cooperated with their husbands and friends or other relatives. Undoubtedly, the conditions of the period were effective in the increase of theft cases in the 19th century. However, the deterrence of the punishment given to theft and especially to the thief women was also important. It was determined that women who were generally sentenced to imprisonment and exile were released after a while due to reasons such as pregnancy, illness and having a child. The state made telegrams free of charge for catching thieves between Dersaadet (Istanbul) and other regions. The imam, headman, the Ministry of National Security, policemen, and interrogators were effectively performing their duties in catching and interrogating women who were thieves and thieves. The stolen items uncovered as a result of the interrogation, on the other hand, were handed over to their owner if they could be reached, otherwise they were evaluated elsewhere by the state. The study, which was created by the Ottoman archive documents as the main source, was supported by some periodicals of the period. The aim is to deal with the famous or proliferating women thieves and the state's efforts to prevent them in a chaotic period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this qualitative study, the reflection of private security on internal security is mainly discussed through the "private securitization" concept and its position in the theoretical pool. The main argument of the study is "Private security, which is seen as one of the consequences of stressful and risky lifestyles, has reached a controversial quantity by being introduced into even the most secluded points of life with its predominantly Westernized quality and quantity that different security theories can justify." The main findings of the research are as follows: Private security has a high share in securitization; the quality-quantity balance of the sector in developed and developing countries varies; there is a need for a globally branded structure in the service; Turkey has the opportunity to restructure the sector through ancient security codes; and finally, if the current perspective of private security, which contains double standards, is maintained, there are risks that may be swung away from the legitimate ground at any time. As a result, it is concluded that "Private security cannot achieve a service standard of comprehensive effectiveness and efficiency without a trainingoriented improvement". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, when the environmental destruction has reached a serious level, states are trying to find a solution within the neoliberal order and the dominant economic system in order to find solutions to environmental problems, and they are trying to solve these problems by using regulatory, participatory and market-based tools. The pressure brought by the neoliberal order causes states to prefer market-based tools or organizational regulation rather than a regulatory approach in solving environmental problems. While market-based instruments in environmental management expand the movement area of capital, new legal organizations added to the environmental management system are also structured to open up new areas for capital. Such a discussion in Turkey can be made in the context of the Turkish Environment Agency, which has emerged as a new institution within the environmental organization. Many issues such as the establishment, nature, structure and duties of the Agency are discussed within the framework of the relationship between capital, environment and the state, especially opposition parties bring serious criticisms towards the Agency in this context. The study aims to analyze the opinions of opposition parties about the Turkish Environment Agency by using political discourse analysis within the scope of these relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the Middle East is not the only region torn by conflicts, it has long been recognized as one of the most conflict-ridden regions of the world. Conflicts and wars have profoundly affected the regional system of the Middle East. The adverse effects of conflicts and wars make it essential to understand the causes of inter-state militarized disputes. The availability of historical datasets on inter-state militarized disputes enables the modeling of militarized conflicts using quantitative methods. For this purpose, in this study, the seven independent variables (alliance, contingency, distance, great power, capability, democracy, and economic dependency), which were extensively examined and explained by Marwala, were modeled by logistic regression analysis. According to the results of the quantitative analysis, the economic dependency factor (negatively) and the contingency factor (positively) were found to be most related to the military conflicts of the Middle Eastern states. In other words, Middle Eastern states have been found to have fewer militarized disputes with economically dependent states and more militarized disputes with their neighbors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Ibn ‘Akîl, one of the Islamic political theorists (d. 513/1119) defines politics as “doing things that lead people to righteousness and avoid iniquity, even if there is no revelation or application of the Prophet.” With this explanation, Ibn 'Akîl actually summarizes the most basic principles that Islam possess in its relationship with state administration and politics. In the Holy Qur'an and the Sunnah of Prophet, which are the two main sources of Islam, no state management model is recommended for Muslims. However, in many verses of the Qur'an and the traditions (hadiths) of the Prophet, there are dynamics, values and principles that the entire society must abide by in the name of public interest for a political power -which can be called a state- whose ruler and people are Muslims. These; compliance with justice, council, that is, making decisions through consultation in state affairs, caring about merit, enjoining good and preventing evil are universal rules that encompass everyone regardless of time and place. This study focuses on the basic dynamics that Islam accepts as the basis for an ideal state and social order. It is also mentioned how these idealized foundations in theory come into being in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Management Theory & Practices Research (JMTPR) is the property of Journal of Management Theory & Practices (JMTP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kultur Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Para, teknolojideki gelişmeler ile birlikte değişmiş ve gelişmiştir. Mal para ile başlayan süreç dijitalleşme ile birlikte daha soyut paralara doğru bir değişim ve dönüşüm geçirmiştir. Bu nedenle bugün için hiçbir merkeze bağlı olmayan anonim ve kendine özgü yapısı olan paralardan konuşulur olmuştur. Merkeziyetsiz yapıdaki bu paralar için en çok sorulan soru ise devletsiz bir paranın nasıl olabileceğidir. Yasal düzenlemeleri tekelinde bulunduran devletin bulunmadığı bir alanın, yasal olarak nasıl denetlenebileceği veya böyle bir alanda paranın fonksiyonlarını nasıl gerçekleştirebileceği, cevabı aranan sorulardan olmuştur. Paraya dair bu sorular aslında bu çağa ait cevabı aranan sorular değildir. İslâm hukukunda fakihler bu soruları kendi zamanlarındaki tedavülde olan paralar için de sormuşlardır. Bu yönü ile bu çalışma bu soruların cevabını İslâm hukuku zemini içinde dünden bugüne nasıl cevap bulduğu noktasında değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu açıdan bakıldığı zaman İslâm hukukunun paranın devlet ve toplumsal uzlaşı ile bağlantısını ortaya koyan nazariyesi, İslâm hukukçu ve iktisatçılarının kripto paralara yönelik yaklaşımındaki farklı bakış açılarının arketipini de açıklayabilecektir. Bu çalışma, öncelikle İslâm’ın para teorisine ilişkin tarihsel klasik görüşlere odaklanırken, dijital dünyanın ortaya çıkardığı merkeziyetiz yapının çıktılarından birisi olan kriptonun para vasfı kazanıp kazanamayacağı da bu teori bağlamında değerlendirilmiş olacaktır.

Since the Ontological Security Studies began to contribute to the discipline of International Relations, the dichotomy between state and individual as the unit of analysis searching for ontological security has dominated the literature with an emphasis on conflicts as the empirical objects. Given the terminology offered by the Ontological Security Studies, this paper aims firstly to rethink the state as the provider of anxiety and uncertainty and secondly to underline the role of democratic mechanisms under state's control in the emergence of potential critical moments. The arguments presented in this direction are examined in the light of Brexit referendum and ontological insecurity of Remain voters in Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]