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Climate change threatens the lives and livelihoods of smallholder farmers throughout the global South. In order to address the challenges these farmers face, researchers and practitioners need reasonable theoretical models of how humans and the environment interact within social–ecological systems (SES). Social–ecological resilience theory has proved to be a popular model for understanding human environment relationships within SES; however, the theory lacks a sophisticated understanding of power, relying instead on outdated functionalist sociological approaches. We reconstruct social–ecological resilience theory through a case study of smallholder climate change adaptation in Southern Province, Zambia. Farmers in the region focus on cattle and maize production. Though the changing environment would seem to favor different crops and livestock, institutional (power) dynamics determine whether or not individuals have the capacity (or desire) to adapt. Our critical reconstruction provides researchers and practitioners with an improved social–ecological lens for understanding the causes and consequences of vulnerability and adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to develop American Service learning videos as a learning resource for Restaurant Management and Service courses. American Service service type learning videos are really needed in practical learning because they contain multimedia elements that allow students to use them independently. This media was developed using a research and development model using the Thiagarajan, Semmel and Semmel 4D models. The stages of this research consist of the define, design, develop and disseminate stages with data analysis techniques in the form of descriptive percentages. This research was validated by 3 lecturers who were material experts, media experts and language experts. The development of learning media is expressed through validation results. The material expert assessment received a percentage of 88% with very good qualifications, 80% from media experts with good qualifications, and 96% from language experts with very good qualifications. The average validation score is 88%, which means it is very feasible. In the one to one evaluation, a percentage of 92% was obtained with very good qualifications, in the small group evaluation, a percentage of 90% was obtained with very good qualifications, and the field test evaluation resulted in a percentage of 89% with very good qualifications. The average score of the assessment is 90.3% which is included in the very decent category. So it can be concluded that the American Service service type learning video is very suitable for use in the learning process for the Restaurant Arrangement and Service course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Batik tulis is an Indonesian cultural heritage with a rich meaning and philosophical value. Although batik is often taught in the arts, the process of batik can also be integrated into science learning. This research aims to analyze: (1) the feasibility of science e-book containing local wisdom of batik tulis Yogyakarta kawung motif based on STEAM-PjBL, (2) the practicality of science e-book containing local wisdom of batik tulis Yogyakarta kawung motif based on STEAM-PjBL, and (3) the effectiveness of science e-book containing local wisdom of batik tulis Yogyakarta kawung motif based on STEAM-PjBL in improving students' creative thinking skills. The study uses the Thiagarajan 4D development model (Four-D Model), consisting of four stages, namely the define, design, develop, and disseminate. The results showed that: (1) The science e-book containing local wisdom of batik tulis Yogyakarta kawung motif based on STEAM-PjBL was feasible to use, judging from the results of the material validator, 79.50 (very good), and the results of the teaching material validator, 33.00 (very good). (2) Student response was 3.28 (very good). (3) Results of the N-Gain and Effect Size analysis of the science e-book containing local wisdom of batik tulis Yogyakarta kawung motif based on STEAM-PjBL was quite effective in improving students' creative thinking skills (N-Gain 0.56 [medium], Effect Size 0.9 [high]). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning using encyclopedia books based on the potential of an area is one solution used to overcome problems that often arise in biology learning, one of which is students' low critical thinking ability. Developing an encyclopedia book in the Coastal Forest Area of ​​Tabanio Village is an example of how 21st-century learning emphasizes the importance of an environmental perspective in learning. This strategy combines the idea of ​​working locally while thinking globally. An encyclopedia is an educational resource that uses text and images to explain a subject. This research aims to verify the encyclopedia of the Anacardiaceae family, which may be found in the Coastal Forest of Tabanio Village. This research uses the Tessmer formative assessment design combined with Educational Design Research (EDR). Some validated components are coherence, readability, redundant vocabulary, active and passive sentences, value protection, applicability, and device implications. Encyclopedia experts researched three experts from the Biology Education study program at Lambung Mangkurat University. This research focuses on the Anacardiaceae family encyclopedia. The findings of this research demonstrate the validity (feasibility) of the encyclopedia of the Anacardiaceae family in the Coastal Forest of Tabanio Village. Therefore, this encyclopedia book can be used as an alternative learning resource and can be used to help improve students' critical thinking. Abstrak. Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan buku ensiklopedia berdasarkan potensi yang dimiliki sebuah daerah merupakan salah satu solusi yang digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang sering muncul pada pembelajaran biologi salah satunya rendahnya kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa. Pengembangan buku ensiklopedia di Kawasan Hutan Pesisir Desa Tabanio merupakan contoh bagaimana pembelajaran abad 21 menekankan pentingnya perspektif lingkungan dalam pembelajaran. Strategi ini menggabungkan gagasan bekerja secara lokal sambil berpikir secara global. Ensiklopedia adalah sejenis sumber pendidikan yang menggunakan teks dan gambar untuk menjelaskan suatu subjek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memverifikasi ensiklopedia famili Anacardiaceae yang mungkin ditemukan di Hutan Pesisir Desa Tabanio. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penilaian formatif Tessmer yang dipadukan dengan Educational Design Research (EDR). Koherensi, keterbacaan, kosakata yang berlebihan, kalimat aktif dan pasif, perlindungan nilai, penerapan, dan implikasi perangkat merupakan beberapa komponen yang divalidasi. Pakar ensiklopedia meneliti tiga orang ahli program studi Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Penelitian ini fokus pada ensiklopedia famili Anacardiaceae. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan validitas (kelayakan) ensiklopedia famili Anacardiaceae di Hutan Pantai Desa Tabanio. Oleh karena itu, buku ensiklopedia ini dapat dijadikan salah satu alternatif sumber belajar dan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membantu meningkatkan mahasiswa dalam berpikir kritis.

Sari Embun Lake is one of the areas in Tanah Laut Regency with various fish species that have potential as supporting material for local potential-based animal ecology courses. This study aims to describe the diversity of the Cyprinidae family found in the Lake Sari Embun area of Tanah Laut Regency, the process of developing a popular scientific book (PSB) on the diversity of the Cyprinidae family in the Lake Sari Embun area of Tanah Laut Regency, and the feasibility of the developed PSB, including its validity and readability. The research method used is research and development through the Plomp model. The results showed six fish species from the Cyprinidae family, namely seluang langkai (Rasbora argyrotaenia), puyau sangin (Cyclocheilichthys armatus), adungan fish (Hampala macrolepidota), white lampam fish (Barbodes gonionotus), red lampam fish (Barbodes schwanenfeldii), and babuluhan fish (Osteochilus hasselti), with a diversity index of 1.42 (medium diversity category). The PSB development process has the following characteristics: attractive appearance featuring original research images; the material described is data based on research results. The PSB validity results have a score of 3.67 with a very valid category, and the readability test results are 93.06% with very good criteria. Based on the test results, the PSB product for the diversity of the Cyprinidae family in the Sari Embun Lake area in Tanah Laut Regency is procedurally feasible for use as supporting material for the animal ecology course. Abstrak. Danau Sari Embun merupakan salah satu kawasan di Kabupaten Tanah Laut yang memiliki keanekaragaman jenis ikan yang berpotensi sebagai bahan pendukung mata kuliah ekologi hewan berbasis potensi lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keanekaragaman famili Cyprinidae yang terdapat di kawasan Danau Sari Embun Kabupaten Tanah Laut, proses pengembangan buku ilmiah populer (BIP) keanekaragaman famili Cyprinidae di kawasan Danau Sari Embun Kabupaten Tanah Laut, dan kelayakan BIP yang dikembangkan, meliputi kevalidan dan keterbacaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan melalui model Plomp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan enam spesies ikan dari famili Cyprinidae, yaitu seluang langkai (Rasbora argyrotaenia), puyau sangin (Cyclocheilichthys armatus), ikan adungan (Hampala macrolepidota), ikan lampam putih (Barbodes gonionotus), ikan lampam merah (Barbodes schwanenfeldii), dan ikan babuluhan (Osteochilus hasselti), dengan indeks keanekaragaman 1,42 (kategori keanekaragaman sedang). Proses pengembangan BIP memiliki karakteristik sebagai berikut: tampilan yang menarik dengan menampilkan gambar-gambar asli hasil penelitian; materi yang dijelaskan merupakan data berdasarkan hasil penelitian. Hasil validitas BIP memiliki skor 3,67 dengan kategori sangat valid, dan hasil uji keterbacaan sebesar 93,06% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba tersebut, maka produk BIP keanekaragaman famili Cyprinidae di kawasan Danau Sari Embun Kabupaten Tanah Laut secara procedural layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar pendukung pada mata kuliah ekologi hewan.

This study aimed to develop a learning device based on ethnomathematics of the Meher tribe woven fabrics (Kisar Island) with a Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach on number pattern material for 8th-grade students of Public Junior High School 4 Southern Islands. The learning devices developed consisted of Learning Implementation Plans (RPP), Teaching Materials (BA), and Student Worksheets (LKPD). The development model used was the 4-D model, which consisted of four stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate but were limited to the development stage. The device was tested for quality (valid, practical and effective). Following the validation results by the five validators, it was found that the devices developed met the validity requirements with an average score of Learning Implementation Plans (RPP) 3.5 (very good), an average score of Teaching Materials (BA) 3.3 (good), the average score of Student Worksheets (LKPD) was 3.4 (good). The average validator's general assessment was 3.3 (good). According to the practicality test of the developed devices, it was found that the developed devices were categorized as practical, with an average positive response of educators of 100% and an average positive response of students of 91.3%. The developed devices also fulfilled the effectiveness requirements by achieving a classical completeness percentage of 79.2%. The results of the study obtained the quality of the devices developed

The purpose of this research is to measure the level of students' self-efficacy by developing a mathematical self-efficacy instrument and to determine the quality of the developed instrument. This research is categorized as Research and Development (RD). The resulting product of the research is a questionnaire consisting of 28 statements. The development of the mathematical self-efficacy instrument was carried out using a formative research development model. The study was conducted in 11th-grade classes at SMA 90 in South Jakarta. The findings of this research indicate that the developed instrument is valid, reliable, and of reasonably good quality, as it passed the instrument testing stages. Additionally, this research also demonstrates the criteria for students' self-efficacy level using the developed instrument.

This study focused on developing student worksheet (SW) based on philosophy on the topic of matrix operations, including an overview of its effect on students' conceptual understanding abilities of grade XI at Senior High School (SMA in Bahasa) IT Bina Ilmi Palembang. It discussed how the student worksheet produced could be valid, practical, and had potential effects. The method used was development research consisting of preliminary, prototyping and assessment phase stages. This student worksheet consisted of the history of the matrix (ontology), matrix operation procedures (epistemology) and implementation of the matrix (axiology). The results showed that the validity of the student worksheet amounted to 84.1% with a valid category and could be used with minor revisions. The practicality score at the small group stage was 87.8% with a very practical category. Statistical results showed that there was an increase in the average score of a significant test result of 59.06. This showed that there was a positive effect from the use of philosophy-based SW on students' conceptual understanding. Based on these results, the philosophy-based student worksheet developed was categorized as valid, practical, and effective in improving students' conceptual understanding ability on matrix material.

Global Health is a young discipline with equity of health and services as its core value. The discipline has a tradition of close links between practice and research in line with the ‘Health for All’ declaration launched by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1978. The multitude of existential health crises facing mankind require a research agenda in line with Global Health Research core values and methods, such as transdisciplinary collaboration, long time series of population-based observations and multifaceted interventions. Knowledge gaps cover climate effects on health and mechanisms for global spread and control of antibiotic resistance across species. Such health threats are preferably studied at Health and Demographic Surveillance Sites, a scientific infrastructure for Global Health Research in Africa and Asia, that gains to expand and monitor climate parameters and include sites in the northern hemisphere. Global Health Scientists together with science societies can ensure long-term funding of a global network of population-based health-climate sites. Global Health Scientists and scientific journals should jointly provide data and evidence on global health to governance bodies on regional, national and global levels, in particular to WHO and United Nations in charge of the programme with Sustainable Development Goals.

Research is a descriptive research that aims to describe the product development process in the form of infographic learning media in algebra material through Instagram that is appropriate for students to use for independent learning activities. This research focuses on creating infographic media in algebra material through Instagram to reduce mathematics anxiety and improve learning outcomes. The method used in this research is development research using the Sadiman’s model. The stages in this development model are preliminary stage, prototyping stage, and final stage, which from three stages contain of nine steps, namely identification of needs, formulation of objectives, formulation of materials, formulation of success measurement tools, writing of media scripts, production, tests/trials, revisions and the final product. There were 34 students of seventh graders of junior high school participating in this study. Data was collected through interviews, observations, tests, and questionnaires. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the validation test by experts show that 93% of infographics through Instagram as strengthening students' understanding are included in the valid category and are suitable for use in the learning process. In addition, as many as 88% of students experienced an increase in learning outcomes after learning to use infographics through Instagram which indicated that the level of student anxiety in learning mathematics had decreased.

This research was conducted because of the difficulties experienced by students in learning, especially in the use of learning resources, teaching materials, or learning tools in the classroom. The conclusion of the interview with the resource person, namely the eighth grade science teacher, was that the learning resources available at school, especially for natural science learning, are still very minimal. Student books, student worksheets, and power points are still often used by teachers to deliver learning materials. WhatsApp is one of the technological intermediaries that students must use to learn independently during pandemic conditions, so students do not understand the material presented, especially science. This affects the process, objectives, and learning outcomes of students. In addition, the delivery of learning materials has not been integrated, so it takes a long time to develop one basic competency. The purpose of this study is to determine the validity of android-based mobile learning media for science learning in grade 8 (grade eight) junior high school or MTs with the theme of "my food, my health." The Borg and Gall R&D model was adapted by Sugiyono and modified by the author into five stages, including potential and problems, collecting data, designing products, validating product designs, and improving final product designs. Based on the results of data analysis, the expert validation score is included in the "very valid" category and can be used in science learning, with a percentage of findings of 84% from the results of material validation, 84.8 percent from media validation, and 86.6 percent from teacher assessment.

Mathematical literacy has an important role in solving students' real-life problems in supporting literacy skills, teachers can use real contexts as outlined in tasks in-class learning. The Bengkulu context can be used because it is closely related to the environment and students' daily live. This study aims to produce math literacy tasks in the Bengkulu context which are valid and potential impact on student literacy. The research employed a development design with a formative evaluative model using stages of self-evaluation, expert reviews, one-to-one, small group, and field tests. The subjects of the research were students in the eighth grade of a Junior High School in Bengkulu City. Data were collected through questionnaires, documentation, tests, and interviews. This study produced four mathematical literacy tasks with the Bengkulu context that met the criteria of being valid and having a potential impact. Mathematical tasks that are designed with the context can improve students' mathematical literacy activities. The use of tasks with context can be a learning resource that strengthens the introduction of students' local culture.

The need for this study stemmed from the central idea of improving teaching competencies, as formulated in the development plan of Tallinn University. Following numerous, but ultimately fruitless, discussions with the university staff on the issue of learning culture we turned to an appreciative approach of development research, enabling us to listen to all of the stakeholders and to consider their previous positive experience. As a result of the development research, it became clear that the skills of supporting the academic staff should be learnt in the organisation on a daily basis in co-creation and inclusive participation of the parties, and we created a model to support the professional development of the academic staff. This article presents the outcomes of this approach, outlining a set of principles supporting the professional development of the academic staff at Tallinn University and providing an analysis of how the implementation of these principles has worked in practice. We based our analysis on the theoretical view that the professional development of academic staff at the university is supported in professional communities as collaborative learning. This occurs mainly through professional networks and communities of practice, providing important support in adapting to, understanding, and embracing educational change and thus enabling academic staff to take greater responsibility for the development of education, both in their organisation and in society at large, whilst transforming relationships at the university into more trusting and supportive ones. We also demonstrate how the development research approach has influenced the university's learning culture, and the importance of supporting networking and institutional learning at the university. This study offers one possible practical experience to support the professional development of academic staff using appreciative development research to study and develop learning culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning chemistry requires practicum which functions to enrich understanding of chemical materials. Practical practice should ideally be carried out in a laboratory as a representative place to produce accurate and precise data using validated practical instructions. This study aims to create a chemistry practicum guide that is designed to be carried out at home with facilities around the house so that it can function to train student independence. This research is a product development research in the form of using model Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate (ADDIE). The resulting product was validated by 6 material and media expert validators and then tested limited to 15 chemistry teacher candidate students. The results showed that the practicum instructions obtained an Aikens score of 0.9 from the validator, which means they are valid and feasible to try out. Then after conducting trials and student responses, a response of 86% was obtained in the very good category. Based on the values from the validator and limited trials, these practical instructions can be used by prospective Chemistry teachers in teaching in the classroom and at home.

This research aims to develop a PISA-type content quantity that uses the context of religious holidays during the pandemic that is valid, practical, and potentially affects mathematical literacy skills. This research uses development research with two stages: preliminary and formative evaluation. This research also uses Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model in the learning process. This study involved eighth-grade students aged 13-15 years of various abilities. Data collection and analysis techniques were documentation, walkthroughs, observation, interviews, and tests. The research was carried out offline and online (Zoom and WhatsApp Group (WAG)). In this study, sharing activities were produced as well as a PISA-type jumping task with content quantity characteristics in the context of religious holiday during the pandemic by the PISA 2022 framework where what needs to be considered are mathematical literacy skills and use of language that is by language standards that can be applied and well interpreted by the students. Based on the students' answers, it can be seen that the questions and activities are included in the practical category because they can be solved well by students. From the results, it can be concluded that the developed PISA-like numeracy and activity has a potential effect on mathematical literacy skills and life in the context of religious days during the pandemic. In addition, IBL model can improve students' communication skills in solving PISA-type math problems and activities.

This research is stimulated by the low metacognitive ability of students in Indonesia. The real impact of students' low metacognitive ability is that they are unable to monitor themselves and do not know the nature of their learning goals. The use of the integrated E-LKPD (e-worksheet) with SQ4R learning strategies (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Reflect, Review) has the potential to be an alternative choice to train students' metacognitive ability. This study aims to determine the validity of the product, and product characteristics as well as to train the metacognition ability’s profile of each student. This type of research is development research with the 4D model development. The integrated E-LKPD with SQ4R strategy has the characteristics; integrated with SQ4R strategy, train metacognitive abilities, attractive E-LKPD, flexible E-LKPD, interactive E-LKPD, and E-LKPD includes general requirements for LKPD. The results of the study prove that the integrated E-LKPD with the SQ4R strategy is valid with an average V index of 0.95 in the material aspect and 0.94 in the media aspect with the V table of 0.87. The results of the MAI questionnaire obtain a metacognitive profile of 85.25 with well-developed metacognition criteria. Thus, the developed E-LKPD has been tested to be valid and, therefore, can be used to train students' metacognitive ability.

Writing poetry is a person's creative activity in expressing ideas, feelings, and thoughts in written form with a figurative meaning. Poetry writing activities are included in the competence of learning Indonesian. However, a few SMA Negeri 3 Malang students are interested in writing poetry, especially in class X. In addition, the method of writing poetry taught by the teacher is less innovative, so students are less interested. Based on these problems, this study aims to develop a method of writing poetry "Atafora" technique or "Aku Metafora", by combining students' sensory experiences with metaphorical figures of speech. The method used to study is Research & Development (R&D), with validation carried out by experts, practitioners, and limited users. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 3 Malang. The study's results prove that the "Atafora" technique of writing poetry is considered valid, with a validation score of 80% by poetry experts, 95% by practitioners, and 90% by users. The overall average percentage is 88.33%. Through the development of this method of writing poetry, it is hoped that the interest and ability to write poetry of the students of SMA Negeri 3 Malang will increase.

This study aims to produce valid and practical questions and discover the potential effect of PISA-Like Math Tasks on uncertainty and data content using the COVID-19 context on mathematical literacy skills. The subjects of this study were students in Grade 9 of Junior High School number 19 Palembang. The research was conducted using the research design of developmental research. The stages in question development research are the preliminary and formative evaluation stages. The preliminary stage includes analysis of student needs, curriculum analysis, and analysis of PISA evaluation instruments. The formative evaluation stage includes self-evaluation, expert reviews, and one-to-one, small group, and field tests. This study resulted in a set of PISA-Like Math Tasks on uncertainty and data content using the COVID-19 context which consisted of 7 units with 12 valid and practical questions and potential effects on mathematical literacy skills, which included communication skills, reasoning skills, mathematical abilities, representation ability, and strategy selection ability. The resulting PISA-Like Math Tasks can help students think mathematically by using ideas from different subjects to solve a given problem.

For decades, AI applications in education (AIEd) have shown how AI can contribute to education. However, a challenge remains: how AIEd, guided by educational knowledge, can be made to meet specific needs in education, specifically in supporting learners' autonomous learning. To address this challenge, we demonstrate the process of developing an AI-applied system that can assist learners in studying autonomously. Guided by a Learner-Generated Context (LGC) framework and development research methodology (Richey and Klein in J Comput High Educ 16(2):23–38, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02961473, 2005), we define a form of learning called "LGC-based learning," setting specific study objectives in the design, development, and testing of an AI-based system that can facilitate Korean students' LGC-based English language learning experience. The new system is developed based on three design principles derived from the literature review. We then recruit three Korean secondary-school students with different educational backgrounds and illustrate and analyze their English learning experiences using the system. Following this analysis, we discuss how the AI-based system facilitates LGC-based learning and further issues to be considered for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the development of the preparation of the right exercise program to improve the physical fitness of athletes through the application at the Banyuasin III Men's Volleyball Club. The research and development method used is the Borg and Gall model, with data collection techniques in the form of observation, tests, and questionnaires. The data obtained from the results of this study will be analyzed to determine the quality of developing an exercise program in improving physical fitness using an analysis of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The results of the study concluded that the resulting product was an exercise program to improve the physical fitness of athletes consisting of 6 posts at each meeting and compiled based on input and advice from coaching experts, exercise program experts, and fitness experts. The product that has been created has been tested on a small scale with 10 volleyball athletes, on a large scale with 25 volleyball athletes, and has met the validity, practicality, and effectiveness tests. The implications of developing this training program are very good so that it can be used by athletes, especially volleyball and generally other sports athletes as needed.

The current study presents an overview of studies investigating educational research instruments development. This study only discusses similar topics in instrument development. The instrument discussed is the assessment of perspective on inclusive education. This research adopted a literature review approach. There are seven research stages: beginning the article, relevant literature identification, review structuring, tone structuring, tense structuring, theoretical development, and evaluating. The current study indicates four main steps in the research and development method: data collection, planning, initial product development, and validation. Simultaneously, the revision or feedback process must be integrated with each step. Research and development is a cycle, so the product development results must be continuously reviewed to remain appropriate and solve current problems. Thus, with the sustainable instrument development method, ideas and innovations in education can be realized.

This development research aims to produce PISA-like mathematics problems with quantity content using a valid and practical COVID-19 context and to investigate the potential effect of these problems on mathematical literacy skills. This research employed a development research design with two stages: preliminary and formative evaluations. This study also employed the Lesson Study Learning Community (LSLC) system in the process of development and implementation. This study involved eighth-grade students aged 13-15 years at SMP Negeri 19 Palembang. The data were collected using walk-through, document, observation, interview, and test techniques. This study produced 6 units and 12 items of PISA-like mathematics problems with several content characteristics of the COVID-19 context, including working, personal, and social contexts and levels that agree with the 2018 PISA framework; and competence processes, such as mathematical literacy skills and standardized linguistic skills that can be applied and interpreted by students. To conclude, the developed PISA-like mathematics problems are valid and practical and potentially affect mathematical literacy skills and learning to confront life skills during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract Background Several countries allocate official development assistance (ODA) for research on global health and development issues that is initiated in the donor country. The integration of such research within domestic research systems aligns with efforts to coordinate ODA investments with science, technology and innovation policies towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Methods Through a document synthesis and interviews with research funders in ODA donor and recipient countries, we evaluated the performance of this funding approach across seven donor-country programmes from five donor countries and examined the institutional design elements that increase its chances of advancing development goals and addressing global challenges. Results We found that carefully designed programmes provide a promising pathway to producing valuable and contextually relevant knowledge on global health and development issues. To achieve these outcomes and ensure they benefit ODA-receiving countries, programmes should focus on recipient-country priorities and absorptive capacity; translate research on global public goods into context-appropriate technologies; plan and monitor pathways to impact; structure equitable partnerships; strengthen individual and institutional capacity; and emphasize knowledge mobilization. Conclusions Global health and development research programmes and partnerships have an important role to play in achieving the SDGs and addressing global challenges. Governments should consider the potential of ODA-funded research programmes to address gaps in their global health and development frameworks. In the absence of concrete evidence of development impact, donor countries should consider making increases in ODA allocations for research additional to more direct investments that have demonstrated effectiveness in ODA-receiving countries.

Global Health is a young discipline with equity of health and services as its core value. The discipline has a tradition of close links between practice and research in line with the 'Health for All' declaration launched by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1978. The multitude of existential health crises facing mankind require a research agenda in line with Global Health Research core values and methods, such as transdisciplinary collaboration, long time series of population-based observations and multifaceted interventions. Knowledge gaps cover climate effects on health and mechanisms for global spread and control of antibiotic resistance across species. Such health threats are preferably studied at Health and Demographic Surveillance Sites, a scientific infrastructure for Global Health Research in Africa and Asia, that gains to expand and monitor climate parameters and include sites in the northern hemisphere. Global Health Scientists together with science societies can ensure long-term funding of a global network of population-based health-climate sites. Global Health Scientists and scientific journals should jointly provide data and evidence on global health to governance bodies on regional, national and global levels, in particular to WHO and United Nations in charge of the programme with Sustainable Development Goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to produce a valid and practical e-module using the Bengkulu context that potentially affects students' literacy skills to understand the materials of patterns and number sequences. This research employed a research and development method. The development stages refer to Plomp’s five developments: (1) preliminary research, (2) the prototype-making stage, and (3) the assessment stage. The subjects of this research were 24 eighth-graders of SMP Negeri 6 Bengkulu City. The data collection techniques of this research were observation and test. Meanwhile, the research instruments were validation instruments, questionnaires, and literacy test questions. Validity analysis was conducted descriptively and consisted of an analysis of validity, practicality, and literacy test results. The average score of the expert validity is 0.64 and meets the valid criterion. The e-module has a practical category with a score of 3.55, and the requirements are very practical. The e-module has impacted students' literacy skills with an average score of 74.25 or good criteria. Moreover, e-module using Bengkulu context problems can encourage students to improve their mathematical literacy skills.

This study aims to produce valid and practical PISA-based numerical problems in the context of the pandemic period and to find out the role of the questions in the form of potential effects on the mathematical literacy skills of secondary school students. This research uses developmental research design, which has 2 stages, namely preliminary and formative evaluation (self evaluation, expert review, one-to-one and small group validation, and field test). The participants in this study were students in Grade 8 who were under the age of 15 and different levels of skills. Data analysis was done descriptively by conducting observations, tests, interviews, and document analysis. The research was conducted face-to-face and via Zoom and WhatsApp Group (WAG) to produce valid and practical PISA-like arithmetic questions. Based on the students' responses, it can be stated that the questions presented are in the practical category because they can be completed quickly by students, they can be understood well by students, and they have the potential effect on students' mathematical literacy skills. In addition, there is a diversity of answers between one students and another according to the level of difficulty that is appropriate for Grade 8 students. This proves that a PISA-like numeration problem in the context of the religious day during a pandemic can help improve students' mathematical literacy.

Providing English learning material with an Islamic basis for Madrasah Aliyah students is important as the students are Islamic learners. This research aims to develop an e-module of Islamic reading text materials for the second semester of tenth-grade students of MAN 1 Pontianak. The researchers adapted the Analyze, Design, and Develop phases of the ADDIE concept to develop this research product. The analysis phase was conducted by interviewing the English teacher to determine the suitable e-module to be designed. The design phase was done by designing the contents of the e-module based on the analysis results. The e-module consists of recount and narrative texts materials with Islamic-based stories and integrates the values of aqidah (strong belief), tawakkul (reliance upon Allah), tolerance, hard work, and husnuzon (positive thinking). In the development phase, the researchers developed the e-module then checked it with a self-designed standard evaluation checklist. The result showed that the e-module already fulfilled the criteria of appropriateness. The e-module could be supplementary reading materials to make the students’ autonomous learning easier. It was written in easy-to-understand language and provided self-instructional material with independent self-evaluation. Specifically, it is expected to improve their understanding of recount and narrative text materials and strengthen their Islamic character values.

This study aims to produce and determine the feasibility of early mathematics learning media through hydroponic farming for Early Childhood. The type of research carried out is development research, because in this study an initial mathematics learning media was developed through hydroponic farming for Early Childhood. The research instruments used were media validation sheets and teacher response questionnaires. The data analysis used is descriptive quantitative. The product produced in this study is a medium for early mathematics learning through hydroponic farming for Early Childhood that meets valid and practical criteria. This study took subjects in Early Childhood at Kartika Kindergarten, Peguyangan Kaja Village. The results of this study regarding media validation showed that the initial mathematics learning media through hydroponic farming for Early Childhood had met the valid criteria. Judging from the results of the analysis of the teacher's response to learning media, namely the teacher's response to the use of media, it shows 75.8% in the good category. This shows that the media can be implemented practically by the teacher.

The quality of education in Indonesia has yet to be able to balance the importance of mathematical literacy. It can be seen from the OECD's data that a mathematical literacy achievement score of 379 shows that the literacy ability of Indonesian students is still low. This research aimed to develop PISA-like problems that are valid and practical and potentially affect mathematical literacy skills using the context of immunity during a pandemic. This research used the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model in small group and field test stages. The subjects in this study were eighth-grade students aged 13-15. The data were analyzed qualitatively through observations, interviews, and tests. This study produces one unit of sharing task and jumping task and three evaluation problems with characteristics of the content used, name change and relationship, and personal and social contexts. Levels by the framework PISA 2022, namely levels 3, 4, and 5, are process competence and mathematical literacy skills. Using language following language standards can be understood and interpreted well by students. Thus, this research produces the developed PISA-like problems that are valid and practical and potentially affect mathematical literacy skills and life skills in dealing with the pandemic.

This study aims to produce an e-module based on mathematical literacy with a valid, effective, and feasible problem-based learning approach to improve students' mathematical reasoning in multivariable calculus material. This research used a development method with the stages: analysis, design, development, and evaluation. The research subjects involved fifth-semester students' mathematics education department. Small group trials with 17 students and large group trials with 35 students. The research instruments included validation sheets, student worksheets, questionnaires, and mathematical reasoning ability test questions. Data collection used the results of the validation as validity, test results as effectiveness, and the results of the questionnaire as feasibility. Data analysis was descriptively and qualitatively. The research produced an e-module based on mathematical literacy with a problem-based learning approach that is valid, very effective, and very feasible for improving students' mathematical reasoning abilities in multivariable calculus material. The developed e-module has the potential for significant differences and increases mathematical reasoning abilities. In addition, e-module can be used as an alternative solution to electronic teaching.

This research aimed to develop a valid and practical electronic module that potentially affected the HOTS of grade 12 students during distance learning in Xaverius 1 High School, Palembang. This study employed the Alessi Trollip model orienting towards multimedia products consisting of three stages: planning, designing, and developing. The data collection techniques were validation sheet instruments, questionnaires, and tests. Meanwhile, the data analysis method were validation sheets and questionnaires through average scores and comments and test sheets through student work. The success criteria of this research were to obtain valid and practical geometry distance teaching materials with HOTS by considering experts’ and clients’ reviews. The expert validity revealed a score of 4.72 and was considered very valid. The questions’ score was 55.5% and was revised. Meanwhile, the questionnaire was categorized practical with a score of 79.3. The e-module potentially influenced HOTS exercises with an average score of 83.5 or very good. This research concludes that the developed e-module has valid and practical characteristics and can influence the HOTS thinking abilities to create and analyze. Thus, the module significantly supports the needs of teaching materials and increases the students’ HOTS.

The shift from face-to-face learning to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic has made printed teaching materials irrelevant. Teaching materials in online learning need to be designed to be more interactive in the form of electronic teaching materials in order to create two-way communication between teaching materials and students because online learning requires maximum learning autonomy from students. The irrelevance of existing teaching materials causes various learning problems in primary schools such as the teaching materials used do not encourage students' willingness to learn, some students experience learning backwards, and teachers need extra time to correct students' assignments. This study aims to develop electronic student worksheets based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) in primary schools. This development research refers to the ADDIE model as the model consists of systematic stages in an effort to solve learning problems according to the characteristics of the learner. The subjects of this study were 40 grade 3 students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (Islamic Primary School) Pembangunan Lamongan. The results showed 1) the validity of the electronic student worksheets in the very valid category based on the assessments of linguists, material experts, design experts, and learning experts, 2) The attractiveness of electronic student worksheets in the very interesting category. Based on the results of this study, the use of electronic student worksheets is appropriate to be used to support the thematic learning process.

The use of interactive multimedia has a big impact on education, especially on the mathematics of parts, properties of blocks and cubes. This research aims to produce valid, practical, and effective multimedia. Class V B students of SD Negeri 109 Palembang are the subjects of the field test. The concept of modification of Hannafin and Peck's development pattern is the pattern used in this study, which has 3 stages, namely analyzing needs, outlines, and development and implementation with evaluation and revision at each stage. Tests on materials, designs, and media were carried out by experts and were declared very valid after revising the product. Multimedia is declared practical after a formative evaluation based on the acquisition of a very practical classification. Multimedia learning mathematics is effectively implemented in accordance with the learning outcomes of class VI B students at SD Negeri 109 Palembang. After being reviewed through the results of the percentage of 90% of children successfully achieving the KKM standard and the average value of N-gain is 0.54 with a medium classification. Pemanfaatan multimedia interaktif berpengaruh besar pada pendidikan, terutama pada matematika materi bagian-bagian, sifat-sifat bangun ruang balok dan kubus. Riset ini bertujuan yaitu menghasilkan multimedia yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Siswa kelasV B SD Negeri 109 Palembang merupakan subjek dari uji lapangan. Konsep modifikasi pola pengembangan Hannafin dan Peck adalah pola yang digunakan pada penelitian ini, yang mempunyai 3 tahapan yakni menganalisis kebutuhan, kerangka bentuk, dan pengembangan beserta penerapan dengan evaluasi dan revisi di setiap tahapnya. Pengujian terhadap materi, desain, dan media dilakukan kepada ahli dan dinyatakan sangat valid setelah melakukan revisi produk. Multimedia dinyatakan praktis setelah dilakukan evaluasi formatif berdasarkan perolehan klasifikasi sangat praktis. Multimedia pembelajaran matematika efektif dilaksanakan sesuai dengan hasil pembelajaran peserta didik kelas VI B di SD Negeri 109 Palembang. Setelah ditinjau melalui hasil persentase 90% anak berhasil tercapai standar KKM serta besaran nilai rerata N-gain adalah 0,54 dengan klasifikasi sedang.

Learning activities at the Creative Media State Polytechnic after the pandemic period, especially in the design department of the game technology study program, were held in blended learning. Blended learning is the right choice of learning because it needs adaptation from lecturers and students, where previously learning was held fully online, now it is held online and offline. Blended learning activities can be very effective and efficient in their implementation if the learning process is well prepared. One of the learning activities carried out is independent learning activities. Therefore, this study aims to produce a learning application that can be used as an independent learning module so that students can learn without being assisted by anyone just by using this independent learning module. The approach taken is the ADDIE development method. The ADDIE development model consists of five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Expert response to this learning application is a crucial thing to do. This application is evaluated by an expert with a background in graphic design, learning media, and communication. The independent learning module application was successfully developed and implemented in semester 3 of the 2-dimensional game programming course.

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This study aims to produce a product model of integrative content-based Indonesian teaching syllabus and material in agriculture specifically for level A2 non-native speakers. The method is research and development. Through this initial effort, the syllabus and teaching materials were designed and then validated by experts, followed by revision I, draft II, revision II, design III, effectiveness test, revision III, and final product. The results revealed a high expert validation of draft I, and the effectivity test for db = 7 and α = 0.05 results in ttabel = t(0.05;7)= 1.895, and thit = 14.16235844, leading to acceptance of H1. Based on the research and development results, it can be concluded that the produced syllabus and teaching materials have been effective. This research implies that the syllabus and teaching materials developed can be applied in BIPA IPB and other BIPA with specific objectives in agriculture.

Problem-solving ability is one of the essential skills for students in learning mathematics. This ability can be developed through teaching and learning activities using student worksheet-based cooperative model. However, these student worksheets are still rarely found in teaching and learning activities in the classroom, so this research aims to develop student worksheets based on cooperative learning models used to develop students' problem-solving abilities. The study used development research methods with ADDIE procedures, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The test of the developedstudent worksheet was carried out at SMP Negeri 1 Merauke, using valid, practical, and effective categories. It is collecting data through interviews, observations, questionnaires, and tests. Data analysis was carried out by data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. This research produces student worksheets based on cooperative learning models to improve students' problem-solving abilities. The results of this study contribute to enriching teaching materials in the form of student worksheets for educators which can improve problem-solving skills.

This article aims to describe a needs analysis related to the development of a digital-based physical fitness test application. This physical fitness test application will later help physical education teachers to be able to evaluate the physical fitness of students. The target respondents in this study were students and physical education teachers in South Sumatra. The results showed that, from 115 respondents who filled out questionnaires distributed online via google form, it showed that 105 (91.30%) respondents had done physical fitness tests to students, 3 (2.61%) respondents had never, and 7 (6.09%) respondents answered maybe. And 103 (89.57%) respondents want the development of test and measurement applications related to physical fitness, 2 (1.74%) respondents think “no”, and 10 (8.70%) respondents think "maybe". The conclusion of this study is the need for a digital-based physical fitness test and measurement application, either in the form of a website or mobile application.

Background: Several countries allocate official development assistance (ODA) for research on global health and development issues that is initiated in the donor country. The integration of such research within domestic research systems aligns with efforts to coordinate ODA investments with science, technology and innovation policies towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Methods: Through a document synthesis and interviews with research funders in ODA donor and recipient countries, we evaluated the performance of this funding approach across seven donor-country programmes from five donor countries and examined the institutional design elements that increase its chances of advancing development goals and addressing global challenges.Results: We found that carefully designed programmes provide a promising pathway to producing valuable and contextually relevant knowledge on global health and development issues. To achieve these outcomes and ensure they benefit ODA-receiving countries, programmes should focus on recipient-country priorities and absorptive capacity; translate research on global public goods into context-appropriate technologies; plan and monitor pathways to impact; structure equitable partnerships; strengthen individual and institutional capacity; and emphasize knowledge mobilization.Conclusions: Global health and development research programmes and partnerships have an important role to play in achieving the SDGs and addressing global challenges. Governments should consider the potential of ODA-funded research programmes to address gaps in their global health and development frameworks. In the absence of concrete evidence of development impact, donor countries should consider making increases in ODA allocations for research additional to more direct investments that have demonstrated effectiveness in ODA-receiving countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]