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11 results on '"detector electronics"'

2. Wide-aperture back-scattering detector (BSD) for the High-Resolution Fourier Diffractometer (HRFD) at the IBR-2 reactor.

Author

Kruglov, V.V., Balagurov, A.M., Belova, M.O., Bobrikov, I.A., Bogdzel, A.A., Bodnarchuk, V.I., Bulavina, V.V., Daulbaev, O., Drozdov, V.A., Zhuravlev, V.V., Kirilov, A.S., Kulikov, S.A., Kurilkin, A.K., Milkov, V.M., Murashkevich, S.M., Podlesnyy, M.M., Prikhodko, V.I., Churakov, A.V., and Shvetsov, V.V.

Subjects
*DATA acquisition systems, *DETECTORS, *DIFFRACTOMETERS, *NEUTRON counters
Abstract

The high-resolution Fourier diffractometer (HRFD) operates at the IBR-2 pulsed reactor, on which the correlation method of data registering has been implemented using a fast Fourier chopper and specialized electronics. A wide-aperture ring back-scattering detector for HRFD has been developed. The detector consists of six Z n S (A g) / 6 L i F -scintillation rings, each one of which is divided into 12 sections. Main parameters of this detector: covered solid angle 2 θ = (133 − 175) ∘ ; Ω d ≈ 2.0 sr; average absorption efficiency 85 % , geometric contribution to resolution Δ d / d < 0.0005. The concept of a detector and its data acquisition system are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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5. High density processing electronics for superconducting tunnel junction x-ray detector arrays.

Author

Warburton, W.K., Harris, J.T., and Friedrich, S.

Subjects
*SUPERCONDUCTORS, *TUNNEL junctions (Materials science), *NUCLEAR energy, *SYNCHROTRONS, *POWER resources
Abstract

Superconducting tunnel junctions (STJs) are excellent soft x-ray (100–2000 eV) detectors, particularly for synchrotron applications, because of their ability to obtain energy resolutions below 10 eV at count rates approaching 10 kcps. In order to achieve useful solid detection angles with these very small detectors, they are typically deployed in large arrays – currently with 100+ elements, but with 1000 elements being contemplated. In this paper we review a 5-year effort to develop compact, computer controlled low-noise processing electronics for STJ detector arrays, focusing on the major issues encountered and our solutions to them. Of particular interest are our preamplifier design, which can set the STJ operating points under computer control and achieve 2.7 eV energy resolution; our low noise power supply, which produces only 2 nV/√Hz noise at the preamplifier׳s critical cascode node; our digital processing card that digitizes and digitally processes 32 channels; and an STJ I – V curve scanning algorithm that computes noise as a function of offset voltage, allowing an optimum operating point to be easily selected. With 32 preamplifiers laid out on a custom 3U EuroCard, and the 32 channel digital card in a 3U PXI card format, electronics for a 128 channel array occupy only two small chassis, each the size of a National Instruments 5-slot PXI crate, and allow full array control with simple extensions of existing beam line data collection packages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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6. A method for fast feature extraction in threshold scans.

Author

Mertens, Marius C. and Ritman, James

Subjects
*FEATURE extraction, *PARAMETER estimation, *COMPUTATIONAL complexity, *ALGORITHMS, *FIELD programmable gate arrays, *MEASUREMENT errors
Abstract

Abstract: We present a fast, analytical method to calculate the threshold and noise parameters from a threshold scan. This is usually done by fitting a response function to the data which is computationally very intensive. The runtime can be minimized by a hardware implementation, e.g. using an FPGA, which in turn requires to minimize the mathematical complexity of the algorithm in order to fit into the available resources on the FPGA. The systematic errors of the method are analyzed and reasonable choices of the parameters for use in practice are given. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2014
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7. Particle Detectors, Second Edition

Author

Grupen, Claus and Shwartz, Boris

Subjects
particle-matter interactions, radiation-matter interactions, detector properties, units of radiation measurements, radiation sources, accelerators, physical phenomena, counter types, historical track detectors, track detectors, calorimetry, particle identification, neutrino detectors, momentum measurement, muon detection, ageing and radiation effects, Belle, detector electronics, data analysis, applications betond particle physics, bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHN Nuclear physics
Abstract

Elementary particles can be identified through various techniques, depending on the purpose of the measurement and which relevant quantities, such as time, energy, and spatial coordinates, have to be measured. Detectors cover the measurement of energies spanning from the very low to the highest energies observed in cosmic rays. Describing the instrumentation for experiments in high energy physics and astroparticle physics, this edition describes track detectors, calorimeters, particle identification, neutrino detectors, momentum measurement, electronics, and data analysis. It also discusses applications of these detectors in other fields, such as nuclear medicine, radiation protection, and environmental science. Problem sets have been added to each chapter and additional instructive material has been provided, making this an excellent reference for graduate students and researchers in particle physics.

Published
2008
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8. Electronics and Timing for the AugerPrime Upgrade and Correlation of Starburst Galaxies with Arrival Directions of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays

Author

Halliday, Robert Paul

Subjects
Astrophysics, Physics, Electrical Engineering, Particle Physics, Auger, Extensive Air Showers, AugerPrime, Time-tagging, Detector, detector electronics, detection electronics, GPS, timing, Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray, UHECR, Pierre Auger Observatory, Cherenkov Telescope Array, Telescope Array, Timing Instrumentation
Abstract

In this dissertation, we will describe work completed towards the Pierre Auger Observatory’s AugerPrime Upgrade as well as auxiliary timing work, hardware design and finally a test of correlations of Starburst Galaxies with the arrival directions of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs). In the first three chapters, we review the history, observables and detection techniques of UHECR physics, both past and present. We then look at the future upgrade of Auger and give an in depth description of the firmware, software and hardware that make up the Upgraded Unified Board (UUB), which is to be at the heart of AugerPrime. A discussion of the scientific mechanisms and merits of event-by-event composition measurements is presented, and the necessity of a new board to support this is exposed. We then move into the precision timing implementation in AugerPrime, discussing GPS receiver selection and time-tagging system performance. We find that the timing resolution of the UUB is σ_det = 8.44 ± .15 ns, and confirm it using two methods.Subsequent to this, we discuss auxiliary timing projects which support Auger as well as the Cherenkov Telescope Array. Results are shown for an experiment to determine spatial correlations of GPS timing errors, and hardware for timing at CTA and in the Auger@TA cross calibration is described. In the final chapter of this work, we move on to examining the recent Starburst correlation result of the Auger Collaboration, and cross check this by invoking a magnetic field model and back-tracing the arrival directions of UHECRs seen by Auger. We test to see how likely it is that the observed UHECR sky is more correlated with the observed Starburst Galaxy (SBG) sky than an isotropically chosen set of random sources. The test shows a deviation from isotropy at the 1.6σ level. Finally, we describe future directions for SBG correlation tests.

Published
2019

9. Performance of an ASD-8 based wire chamber readout system

Subjects
preamplifier, AGOR, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, wire chamber, FRONT-END SYSTEM, DETECTORS, detector electronics, PROPORTIONAL CHAMBERS, PULSES
Abstract

For the medium-energy proton polarimeter mounted at the focal-plane of the Big-Bite Spectrometer at Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut Groningen, a new wire-chamber readout has been developed. The charge-sensitive preamplifier is based on the ASD-8 B chip which has an input impedance of 115 Omega. This low impedance and the short integration time of 6 ns at a usable sensitivity of 5 fC allow high readout rates and low gas amplifications. This front-end circuit is mounted on all four multi-wire proportional chambers and on two vertical-drift chambers with 3872 wires in total. Measurements have been made using sources and intermediate energy protons. Special attention was given to determine the time-over-threshold properties of the circuit, The time-over-threshold capabilities of the readout system extend future applications to particle discrimination, or, in connection with other detector types, to energy-resolving readout, The operational performance of the readout system is presented.

Published
2000

10. Performance of an ASD-8 based wire chamber readout system

Author

Krusemann, BAM, Bassini, R, Baumer, C, van den Berg, AM, Dressnandt, N, Frekers, D, Hagemann, M, Hannen, VM, Heyse, J, Jacobs, E, de Huu, MA, Mielke, M, Newcomer, M, Reitz, B, Schmidt, R, Sohlbach, H, Wortche, HJ, KVI - Center for Advanced Radiation Technology, and Research unit Astroparticle Physics

Subjects
preamplifier, AGOR, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, wire chamber, FRONT-END SYSTEM, DETECTORS, detector electronics, PROPORTIONAL CHAMBERS, PULSES
Abstract

For the medium-energy proton polarimeter mounted at the focal-plane of the Big-Bite Spectrometer at Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut Groningen, a new wire-chamber readout has been developed. The charge-sensitive preamplifier is based on the ASD-8 B chip which has an input impedance of 115 Omega. This low impedance and the short integration time of 6 ns at a usable sensitivity of 5 fC allow high readout rates and low gas amplifications. This front-end circuit is mounted on all four multi-wire proportional chambers and on two vertical-drift chambers with 3872 wires in total. Measurements have been made using sources and intermediate energy protons. Special attention was given to determine the time-over-threshold properties of the circuit, The time-over-threshold capabilities of the readout system extend future applications to particle discrimination, or, in connection with other detector types, to energy-resolving readout, The operational performance of the readout system is presented.

Published
2000

11. Low Digital Interference Counter for Photon Counting Pixel Detectors

Author

O'Nils, Mattias, Abdalla, Munir, Oelmann, Bengt, O'Nils, Mattias, Abdalla, Munir, and Oelmann, Bengt

Abstract

Single photon-counting pixel sensors are widely used in radiation imaging because of their energy resolving capability and high dynamic range. However, the close integration of the analog and digital circuits in the small pixel area puts critical constraints on the mixed mode circuit design. This includes the design considerations regarding the noise injection from the digital circuits into the analog part due to the digital switching. In addition, the large number of components requires a pixel circuit with low power consumption. In this paper, we address these two design constraints. An event counter architecture that decreases the digital switching and power consumption in a pixel is presented. The counter has the same dynamic range for capturing events and hardware cost as the conventionally used counters. We present design rules for adopting the counter architecture to a certain application. These rules enable the trade-off between readout accuracy from the pixel vs. the current in the digital parts of the pixel. Simulation of a case study circuit shows a reduction of digital activity by a factor seven, and a significant reduction of power consumption.

Published
2002
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