Search

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pakistan's economy since its creation has remained heavily dependent on foreign aid, especially to manage the ever‐widening gap between the available financial resources, development expenditure, fiscal deficit, and current account deficit. This article critically evaluates the effectiveness of foreign aid in Pakistan from 2000 to 2022 via an in‐depth literature review and the rational actor model (RAM). Furthermore, a mixed‐method approach based on descriptive quantitative and in‐depth qualitative research methods was adopted for this study. The article demonstrates that RAM can assist policy makers, enabling them to make decisions vis‐à‐vis foreign aid while safeguarding national interests, particularly economic interests. However, this study finds that for Pakistan to achieve sustainable economic growth, increasing exports and attracting more foreign direct investment hold greater potential than continued reliance on foreign aid. In conclusion, the article prescribes policy measures to restructure Pakistan's political system to foster socioeconomic development through trade liberalization and good governance. Related Articles: Asongu, Simplice A., and Joseph Nnanna. 2019. "Foreign Aid, Instability, and Governance in Africa." Politics & Policy 47(4): 807–48. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12320. Dobransky, Steve. 2014. "Violators amongst Us: International Regimes and the Role of Compliance, a Case Study on Official Development Assistance." Politics & Policy 42(4): 593–634. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12082. Scarlato, Margherita, and Giorgio d'Agostino. 2019. "The Political Dimension of Cash Transfers in Latin America and Sub‐Saharan Africa: A Comparative Perspective." Politics & Policy 47(6): 1125–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12332. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present result is directly associated with the Infrastructure Strengthening Project in Sancán, Jipijapa, and is derived from the degree work "Diagnosis of the physical and mechanical properties of artisanal bricks produced in the Sancán Commune", adopted an approach beyond what technical, highlighting how, through a thesis oriented towards teaching and research, it was possible to impact society to contribute to local socioeconomic development. The study focused on evaluating the properties of artisanal bricks, essential in the constructions of the region, both as enclosures and structural elements. Laboratory tests, following regulations such as ASTM and INEN, revealed poor quality due to errors in the choice of raw materials and the production process. The research, using theoretical, empirical and statistical-mathematical methods, not only diagnosed the problems, but also proposed solutions to improve product quality. This comprehensive approach benefited the quality of infrastructure and had a positive impact on the socioeconomic development of the local population, highlighting the importance of the connection between academic research and the concrete needs of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Didasc@lia: Didáctica y Educación is the property of Universitaria de Las Tunas, Centro de Estudios de Didactica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Gerenciales is the property of Universidad ICESI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CLIO América is the property of Universidad del Magdalena and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores the concept of institutional capacity and its role in socio-economic development. It discusses the importance of managing institutional capacity for effective development, particularly in terms of income generation. The article also highlights the role of resource potential and the need to understand the processes of institutional evolution. It emphasizes the complexity of analyzing resource potential due to the multi-vector evolution of social relations and institutional changes. The article suggests further research on evaluating and measuring institutional capital and its impact on socio-economic development. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Cuestiones Políticas is the property of Revista Cuestiones Politicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Technological capability refers to knowledge-intensive skills and resources to change existing technologies or to create new ones. The accumulation of such capability by companies and industries has been part of governments' and businesses' agendas as it is vital for countries' industrial development and increase of per capita income. However, the various public innovation policies implemented in Brazil over the last few decades and the different studies and debates on their limited outcomes failed to address the accumulation of technological capabilities by companies and industries as one of the primary sources for the increase in the rate of innovation and the sustained growth of the economy. This article presents an analytical framework to contribute to the effectiveness of a national innovation strategy centred on the accumulation of technological capability at the level of companies and industries. This analytical framework can contribute to assessing the return on public innovation policies regarding the accumulation of technological capability to develop significant innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzed the convergence of economic growth and socioeconomic development in the Legal Amazon region. For this, the methodology of Convergence Means was used. To measure economic growth, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and the Gross Value Added (VAB) per capita referring to the three sectors of the economy were used as variables. Regarding socioeconomic development, the Firjan Index of Municipal Development (IFDM) was used as variables for the dimensions: General, Health, Employment and Income and Education. The results showed that the variables related to economic growth, presented themselves as convergent and showed a great growth in the period. In relation to variables related to socioeconomic development, the level of convergence was significant, with exception of the variable employment and income, which proved to be divergent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research focuses on determining the relationship between Rural Road Management (GVR) and socioeconomic development in a district of the province of San Ignacio, Peru. A quantitative approach is used, basic type, non-experimental design and simple correlation. The sample was made up of 52 employees of the municipal entity, using the survey as a technique to collect the information. 75% of respondents consider the level of GVR to be high, while 71.2% consider socioeconomic development to be medium level. Furthermore, the GVR and socioeconomic development variables have a high positive correlation, with their Rho Spearman coefficient being 0.783 and a bilateral significance level of 0.000, with a p value below 0.05. This implies that with greater GVR, socioeconomic development will also be greater, which was identified in the analysis of the context and the characterization of the problematic situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on socioeconomic development is more relevant in countries of continental dimensions such as Brazil, where each region has particularities and distinctions that must be investigated and understood in order to better understand local and regional realities to plan and build its own specific projects to develop from this knowledge. Another important aspect in relation to development projects is the role of local and regional leaders, their perceptions, visions and skills in relation to the theme, in view of the role that such actors should assume. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the relationship between local socioeconomic development and the perspective of business, political and community leaders in the municipality of Assis Chateaubriand in the Western region of Paraná State. The theoretical basis was development grounded on local characteristics, regional peculiarities and specificities of each community. This is the basic concept of so-called Local Development. Interviews were conducted with twenty-five local leaders in the second half of 2021, in a non-probabilistic sample. The approach was qualitative, using the interview with data collection method. The results indicated a strong perspective for strengthening economic development in the municipality, but a great concern in relation to social development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Profile: Issues in Teachers' Professional Development is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La investigación se enfoca en determinar la relación existente entre la Gestión Vial Rural (GVR) y el desarrollo socioeconómico en un distrito de la provincia de San Ignacio, Perú. Se trabaja un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básico, diseño no experimental y correlación simple. La muestra estuvo conformada por 52 colaboradores de la entidad municipal, utilizando como técnica la encuesta para recopilar la información. El 75% de los encuestados considera que el nivel de la GVR es alto, mientras que el 71.2% considera el desarrollo socioeconómico de nivel medio. Además, las variables GVR y desarrollo socioeconómico tienen correlación positiva alta, siendo su coeficiente Rho Spearman de 0.783 y nivel significancia bilateral de 0.000, con un p valor debajo de 0.05. Esto implica que al haber mayor GVR el desarrollo socioeconómico también será mayor, lo cual se identificó en el análisis del contexto y la caracterización de la situación problemática.

En Ecuador en los últimos años el turismo se ha convertido en una actividad de gran interés y con gran potencial de generar beneficios socioeconómicos al país, ya que posee gran riqueza natural y diversos paisajes que lo convierten en importante destino turístico a nivel mundial. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la explotación turística del Humedal La Tembladera y su determinación en los aspectos socioeconómicos del sitio San José - Santa Rosa – Ecuador. El tipo de investigación aplicada es de carácter descriptivo y de corte trasversal. Mediante el análisis de los resultados se demostró que la explotación turística genera grandes beneficios en los ingresos, con el modelo econométrico obtenido a través de una Regresión Lineal Múltiple y con datos generados de encuestas realizadas a los habitantes del sitio San José se pudo comprobar que el aumento en el consumo turístico produce un impacto positivo en la calidad de vida de los moradores del lugar.

Este estudio se realizó con el objetivo de conocer la opinión de los egresados sobre el CUR y como ha sido su parte laboral una vez que egresaron, para esto se utilizó una metodología con un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo, trabajando las siguientes variables: sexo, zona, estado civil y forma de culminación de estudio, de los datos obtenidos se destaca que el 66.1 % de los encuestados expresaron que su trabajo tiene relación con la carrera que cursó, el 97% indican que se sienten orgullosos de haber estudiado en el CUR y el 93% habla muy bien del prestigio de la Universidad.

The historical constitution, socio-economic activity and spatial correlations of small and medium-sized towns have a bearing on how to give thought to regional development. This article proposes an intraregional socioeconomic spatial correction and a comparison between the Brazilian regions of Brejo Paraibano (BP) in the Northeastern state of Paraíba and Médio Vale do Itajaí (MVI) in the Southern state of Santa Catarina. The methodology applied consisted of modelling a socio-economic development index, which was applied to two Brazilian regions. Subsequently, the Global and the Local Moran's Index was calculated to assess the intraregional spatial association. The results identified a spatial correlation in the MVI and consequently identified a medium-sized city, Blumenau, given its socio-economic relevance within the region. In BP, the results presented no spatial correlation. Based on the statistical measurements and the findings regarding the historical events that led to the present situation of spatial correlations, it was concluded that the contexts studied require different approaches in terms of targeting subsidies to leverage regional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the conditions of governmental support for the Costa Rican communal movement and its contribution to the country's socioeconomic development. The formation of Communal Social Capital is highlighted as a tool for self-sufficiency and community development. Although governmental support is recognized, the need to strengthen an entrepreneurial culture for self-sustainability and independence from public budgets is emphasized. Costa Rica has a territory of 51,000 square kilometers, making it the fifth largest country in Central America. However, it lacks its own resources such as oil and minerals, which limits its manufacturing and export capacity. The influx of foreign capital has been important in compensating for the lack of resources and financing infrastructure projects. Currently, the communal movement in Costa Rica does not have the necessary support to promote local development, and the institution in charge of this lacks trained personnel. The article presents an analysis of sociocommunal capital in Costa Rica and its role in development. Different indices used to measure inequality and gender development are mentioned. The lack of participation and influence of Dinadeco, a department responsible for promoting communal development, in the structure designed to promote sustainable development is highlighted. The conception of Costa Rican sociocommunal capital is discussed, and the importance of associationism and equitable resource generation in communities is emphasized. The difficulties and problems associated with community organizations are also mentioned. The diversity of perspectives on the phenomenon of social capital and its relationship with political-governing systems is highlighted. The text talks about the concept of social capital in Costa Rica and its relationship with the Associations of Communal Development (ADC). It is mentioned that social capital refers to resources that can be activated to generate wealth and well-being in communities. It is emphasized that the concept of social capital has evolved over time and can encompass material and immaterial aspects. Additionally, it is mentioned that ADCs in Costa Rica have two main sources of financing: through state resources and through the sale of services and commercial goods. The importance of ADCs using resources in a way that allows them to be self-sufficient and promote economic and social development in communities is emphasized. The article discusses the role of sociocommunal capital in communal development and its relationship with participatory democracy. It is highlighted that communal development promotes participatory democracy, sustainable development, and social equity through organization and citizen empowerment. It is mentioned that sociocommunal capital, generated through collective work in ADCs, is invaluable due to the hours dedicated by individuals selflessly. Additionally, it is emphasized that the state contributes to communal development by providing seed capital for community projects. The importance of citizen participation in civil society organizations to strengthen democracy and solve community problems is emphasized. The article discusses the role of ADCs in Costa Rica and their importance in making economic and social decisions in communities. These organizations allow citizens to participate in the planning and development of their community, avoiding the influence of political parties and municipal governments. Furthermore, the existence and strengthening of ADCs promote freedom of association and contribute to social cohesion in the country. However, it is highlighted that ADCs are not homogeneous and their members may have different beliefs, incomes, and educational levels. Despite this, they share a volunteerism that allows them to make decisions for the benefit of their community. The article also mentions the dependence of communal organizations on public funds and the need for technical criteria for the allocation of resources. The case of the As [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal is the property of Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El emprendimiento está calificado como un elemento fun - damental en las economías, de la misma manera el em - prendimiento juvenil permite identificar las oportunidades de negocios por jóvenes que buscan mejorar sus condicio - nes de vida mediante el protagonismo de iniciativas inno - vadoras, frente al desempleo y el desafío de conseguir un empleo de buen nivel. Los estudiantes universitarios son un pilar significativo para la ejecución de emprendimientos, ya que al verlo como una oportunidad de negocio pueden desarrollar nuevas ideas para satisfacer las necesidades, que a su vez aumentan la productividad y generan empleo en la sociedad. El estudio tiene como finalidad analizar el impacto del emprendimiento juvenil en el empleo de es - tudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Machala durante el período 2020. Así mismo determinar el desarrollo y la relación existente entre las variables principales, de acuer - do con el enfoque cuantitativo se emplea la estadística inferencial y descriptiva, se aplica la técnica de encuesta por medio del instrumento del cuestionario de forma digi - tal realizada a estudiantes de la Universidad Técnica de Machala (UTMACH) y la Universidad Metropolitana (UMET) sede Machala. Se identifica la existencia de asociación entre las variables, pero es mayor el número de estudiantes sin trabajar y emprender.

La crisis sanitaria generada por la acelerada propagación en el planeta del virus SARS-CoV2 -fuente de la enfermedad covid-19- ha tenido un impacto negativo inevitable en los sistemas de salud y, simultáneamente, en la dinámica de las economías global, regional y nacional. Los problemas estructurales de la economía mexicana y la estrechez del espacio fiscal no surgieron con la pandemia, se fueron configurando durante las últimas tres décadas mediante la implementación del modelo económico que privilegió las políticas orientadas al mercado y el retiro de la intervención del Estado en la economía, en busca de una supuesta eficiencia en la asignación de los recursos y los factores productivos. En este artículo se analiza el impacto de la covid-19 en la economía y la hacienda pública de México, desde una perspectiva que plantea la existencia previa de las debilidades estructurales de la economía, a fin de buscar mayor dinamismo de la producción, el ingreso, la inversión productiva, la generación de empleo y la productividad laboral. También se plantea que las crisis de salud y económica representan una oportunidad para impulsar un nuevo modelo económico que trascienda las políticas económicas de raíz neoliberal, mediante el diseño y la instrumentación de una política para la transformación y la diversificación productivas, el desarrollo industrial, la innovación, la ciencia y la tecnología. Se busca un nuevo modelo económico que vaya más allá de la pandemia para el desarrollo de capacidades productivas y tecnológicas en el que la política económica no sea un fin para la estabilidad macroeconómica, sino un medio para alcanzar el objetivo central de bienestar social de la población.JEL:E6, H6, I3.

El presente artículo surge a partir de la necesidad de fortificar las carreras técnicas en la identidad profesional para el compromiso y desarrollo socioeconómico del país. Se revelan aspectos teóricos relacionados con el proceso de la formación inicial y la identidad profesional hacia las carreras técnicas de perfil pedagógico. Se propone como objetivo un programa de asignatura optativa que contribuye desde el contenido a potenciar la identidad profesional de los estudiantes de la carrera Eléctrica. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos y empíricos para corroborar la veracidad de la información y para elaborar el programa optativo. Resultado arrojó que sigue siendo insuficiente las estrategias entre las facultades de técnica con perfil pedagógico y la enseñanza, evidenciado en la matricula total del diurno que solo es de 7 estudiantes. Lo que denota el insuficiente trabajo de orientación en los centros precedentes para que opten y permanezcan con sentido de pertenencia en la carrera. La revisión de los documentos rectores dio muestra de la inestabilidad en el ingreso en las carreras pedagógicas, Conclusiones la enseñanza técnica tiene que rehabilitar su identidad profesional como enseñanza encargada del desarrollo productivo y económico del país.

La presente investigación es producto de nuestra labor académica-investigativa en la Escuela de Ciencias de la Administración en la Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica (UNED), cuyo fin principal fue ahondar investigativamente en las condiciones de apoyo gubernativo al movimiento comunal costarricense –con miras a la autosuficiencia– mediante la conformación de un Capital Social Comunal, mismo que se constituirá en patrimonio de la colectividad y en herramienta para el desarrollo. De esta forma, con base en la aplicación de técnicas investigativas como el análisis documental y la entrevista, se arriba a inferencias sobre los sujetos sociales que coadyuvan en el desarrollo integral del país, a pesar de que aún resta fortalecer en ellos una cultura empresarial para el autosostenimiento y la no dependencia de los presupuestos públicos.

Copyright of Cuestiones Políticas is the property of Revista Cuestiones Politicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Cantuquiriguacu Territory (translation for Território da Cidadania Cantuquiriguaçu) is a region of lower socioeconomical indicators in relation to the State of Parana's averages. Therefore, this paper aims to approach the land structure's characteristics in the Cantuquiriguacu Territory, as well as its changes throughout the 2006-2017 period, a temporal hiatus that comprises the last two agriculture and livestock census. The methodological procedures adopted in the research consist of bibliographical and documental reviews, in addition to the use of statistic data, especially the ones published by the Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics (translation for Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE), and by the Paranaense Institute for Economic and Social Development (translation for Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social - IPARDES). The results present a land concentration increase in the region, indicated by a high-to- very-high concentration in 80% of the region's municipalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En la década pasada, las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PyMEs) de China tuvieron un desarrollo acelerado. Se han convertido en una fuerza motriz en la economía y la sociedad, con una orientación a las empresas especializadas, sofisticadas, diferenciadas e innovadoras. El artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar cuatro perspectivas independientes y complementarias sobre las PyMEs en China y en particular en Shanghái. Primeramente, se hace referencia a las políticas de incentivos gubernamentales para el desarrollo de las PyMEs. En segundo lugar, se profundiza en los diversos criterios de acreditación de las PyMEs innovadoras, las SRDI y las empresas “pequeños gigantes” SRDI. Seguidamente se aborda la contribución de las PyMEs al desarrollo socio-económico. Finalmente se hace referencia a la distribución industrial y el modelo de negocios de las PyMEs.

El objetivo del estudio, fue analizar y explicar las implicancia que ha tenido la gestión pública subnacional (gobiernos locales y gobierno regional) en el desarrollo del departamento de Puno. Se utilizó información anual del 2007 al 2014, de gobiernos subnacionales. Para el primer objetivo, se ha realizado la caracterización de gobiernos locales y gobierno regional; para el segundo, se analiza la implicancia de la inversión pública sobre el desarrollo socioeconómico mediante un modelo econométrico. Se caracterizó la gestión de los gobiernos locales y del Gobierno Regional de Puno, encontrando problemas en la ejecución de inversiones, como la falta de calidad en proyectos de inversión, hechos de corrupción, limitada capacidad de sus autoridades y funcionarios, problemas de transparencia, y procesos participativos. Se ha evidenciado que las inversiones públicas tienen efectos limitados sobre el desarrollo socioeconómico en nuestro departamento. Conforme lo encontrado, los gobiernos subnacionales en el departamento de Puno no han generado mejoras significativas en las condiciones de vida de la población, ni tampoco condiciones favorables para el sector privado.

The health crisis generated by the accelerated spread on the planet of the sars-CoV2 virus—the source of the covid-19 disease—has had an inevitable negative impact on health systems and simultaneously on the dynamics of the global, regional, and national economies. The structural problems of the Mexican economy and the narrowness of the fiscal space did not arise with the pandemic, they were configured during the last three decades with the implementation of the economic model that privileged market-oriented policies and the withdrawal of state intervention in the economy., in search of a supposed efficiency in the allocation of resources and productive factors. This article analyzes the impact of the covid-19 disease on the economy and public finances of Mexico, within a perspective that raises the previous existence of structural weaknesses in the economy to generate greater dynamism in production, income, productive investment, job creation, and labor productivity. The health and economic crises represent an opportunity to promote a new economic model that transcends the policies of neoliberal roots, through the design and implementation of an economic policy for the transformation and diversification of production, industrial development, innovation, science, and technology. A new economic model that goes beyond the pandemic, for the development of productive and technological capacities in which economic policy is not an end for macroeconomic stability, but a means to achieve the central objective of social welfare of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community‐level resource management efforts are cornerstones in ensuring sustainable use of natural resources. Yet, understanding how community characteristics influence management practices remains contested. With a sample size of ≥725 communities, we assessed the effects of key community (i.e., socioeconomic) characteristics (human population size and density, market integration, and modernization) on the probability of occurrence of fisheries management practices, including gear, species, and spatial restrictions. The study was based in Solomon Islands, a Pacific Island country with a population that is highly dependent on coastal fisheries. People primarily dwell in small communities adjacent to the coastline dispersed across 6 island provinces and numerous smaller islands. We used nationally collected data in binomial logistic regression models to examine the likelihood of management occurrence, given socioeconomic context of communities. In contrast to prevailing views, we identified a positive and statistically significant association between both human population size and market integration and all 3 management practices. Human population density, however, had a statistically significant negative association and modernization a varied and limited association with occurrence of all management practices. Our method offers a way to remotely predict the occurrence of resource management practices based on key socioeconomic characteristics. It could be used to improve understanding of why some communities conduct natural resource management activities when statistical patterns suggest they are not likely to and thus improve understanding of how some communities of people beat the odds despite limited market access and high population density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its inception, library science has had a close relationship with society and especially with the community it serves. This relationship is based on the commitment acquired by the library and the professionals who work in it to support and promote well-being and a better quality of life for both its users and the entire community. Rural libraries are not exempt from this situation, which are inserted in regions with adverse conditions from a territorial and socioeconomic point of view. Their communities live in an environment of material precariousness and have difficulties in accessing education and work and the main problem is the inexistence of economic sustenance and access to the satisfaction of basic needs. This systematized review aims to identify the initiatives promoted by rural and / or community public libraries to contribute to economic development in depressed and excluded sectors such as rural areas; in addition to know the impact that these practices produce in the communities where they are implemented. The information search was carried out in: Web of Science, Scopus, SpringerLink, Taylor & Francis, Oxford, JSTOR, Science Direct, Dialnet, E-LIS, LA Reference, Latin American Repositories and Scielo. The results showed various practices implemented by the libraries, which were grouped into five categories. On the other hand, it was possible to conclude that most of the practices are not standardized, their impact is not evaluated and are carried out through self-management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las tecnologías digitales están cambiando los patrones de producción, consumo, comunicación e interacción en las sociedades modernas. Esto se debe a su carácter transversal, que las hace presentes en casi todas las áreas de la actividad económica. Su potencial de impacto positivo en la economía, la gestión gubernamental y la sociedad no es lineal, tampoco automático; los factores determinantes de esto son motivo de debate en la literatura sobre el tema. No obstante, del estudio sobre la evolución y las tendencias del paradigma digital se deduce que el rezago de los países en desarrollo en el uso y el despliegue de tales tecnologías para la mejora de capacidades productivas y tecnológicas podría prolongar su condición de subdesarrollo. En este artículo se analiza el estado actual de las brechas digitales en México respecto de los países más avanzados, y se realiza un balance en relación con las dos principales metas de la Estrategia digital nacional de la administración gubernamental de 2012-2018. Los resultados de la investigación permiten dimensionar la magnitud de los desafíos y las oportunidades del futuro proyecto digital que requiere el país para convertirse en un actor importante que impulse el desarrollo y el bienestar de la población en el marco de los objetivos estratégicos propuestos en el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2019-2024.

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the Municipal Participation Fund (FPM) and fiscal responsibility on the level of socioeconomic development of Brazilian municipalities. 5,541 municipalities were analyzed during the period from 2006 to 2016. The data were processed using exploratory analysis and the regression model for panel data with random effects. The results of the study indicated a significant and positive relationship between FPM and socioeconomic development. However, the effects of responsible fiscal management on development have not been observed. These results partially corroborate the hypothesis defended by this study, demonstrating that the socioeconomic development of Brazilian municipalities was positively affected by the FPM. Thus, there is empirical evidence that this intergovernmental transfer (FPM) fulfilled its role, that is, it was an important instrument to mitigate the socioeconomic inequalities that exist in Brazilian municipalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo del trabajo es determinar las características socioeconómicas de los informales rurales y urbanos en Ecuador. Esta investigación cuantitativa y causal se desarrolló a partir de la encuesta ENEMDU de Ecuador de junio de 2018, donde se realizaron modelos logit y probit. Los resultados indican que en el área urbana el comportamiento de la informalidad es procíclico, y en la rural anticíclico; existe una mayor propensión a que la mujer esté en la informalidad en el área rural que en la urbana; la inmigración no incide en la informalidad rural, pero sí en la urbana por la migración peruana.

This study aimed to analyze the possible existence of regional differences in socioeconomic development in the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul. For this, we used the tool of Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis and the Municipal Human Development Index variables for the years 1991, 2000, and 2010 and the Municipal Firjan Development Index for 2016, seeking to verify the existence of spatial clusters. The main results show that municipalities are influenced by neighboring municipalities, presenting regional disparities in relation to the spatial distribution of socioeconomic development, which shows the need for specific public policies to improve this regional imbalance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En este estudio se analiza la relación entre el ecoturismo y las actitudes de las comunidades locales hacia la conservación en dos reservas de la biósfera: Los Tuxtlas, México, y Maasai Mara, Kenia. La información se recopiló a través de una encuesta cuantitativa, entrevistas abiertas, cuatro grupos focales, así como la observación y participación directa. Se encontró que las actitudes y prácticas hacia la conservación se determinan por diferentes factores, entre ellos, beneficios directos e indirectos del ecoturismo, las costumbres, leyes y restricciones. También se advirtió que el ecoturismo puede generar impactos negativos como resultado de acciones involuntarias o equivocadas.

The 1994 United Nations International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) identified the centrality of defending reproductive rights and the importance of ensuring voluntary reproductive choices (UNFPA, 2019). This paper presents a review of the main theoretical models of demand for children and, by assessing the empirical counterpart of these models in an international database, points out the main socioeconomic variables determining fertility. This study shows that female schooling is the most important socioeconomic variable to explain the number of children per woman, as increased female education can expand access to information on contraceptive methods, improve employment opportunities and "empower" women in defending their sexual and reproductive choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents an analysis of the implementation of national projects in development of economically advanced countries, which aim to guarantee the socioeconomic development of the countries in the international aspect. The main components of any national project are configured as a strategic development program. As a result of studying the structure of the objectives, certain successes were revealed that were not planned in their national projects. It is proposed to recommend a review of the planning and implementation approaches of national projects in the Russian Federation in terms of the use of the best practices from other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Matarraña region is formed by 18 small municipalities of Teruel with a clear territorial identity closely linked to its landscape and culture. The firts objective of this work is to expose the uniqueness of its tourism product within the framework of a territorial strategy and from the perspective of the different social agents. A second objective derives from the unexpected eruption of two factors that pose a new scenario: a wind farm project for large wind turbines and the COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, the perception and response of the citizens is surveyed with the hypothesis that these changes may interfere with the strategy proposed by the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociology & Technoscience / Sociología y Tecnociencia is the property of Universidad de Valladolid, Escuela Universitaria de Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Digital technologies are changing the patterns of production, consumption, communication, and interaction in modern societies. This is because of their transversal nature, which makes them present in almost all areas of economic activity. Its potential for positive impact on the economy, government management, and society is not linear, nor automatic, the determining factors of this are a source of discussion in the literature on the subject. However, based on the study of the evolution and trends of the digital paradigm, we can assume that the lag of developing countries in the use and deployment of such technologies for the advancement of productive and technological capacities could prolong their underdevelopment condition. This article analyzes the current state of the digital gaps in Mexico, in regard to the most advanced countries, and a balance is made in relation to the two main goals of the National Digital Strategy of the past government administration. The results of the research make it possible to measure the magnitude of the challenges and opportunities of the future digital agenda that the country requires in order to become an important promoter of the development and well-being of the population within the framework of the strategic objectives proposed in the Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2019-2024. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economía Coyuntural, Revista de Temas de Coyuntura y Perspectivas is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones Economicas y Sociales Jose Ortiz Mercado (IIES-JOM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)