16 results on '"demountable structures"'
Search Results
2. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Novel Demountable Timber–Concrete Composite Floor.
- Author
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Eslami, Hooman, Jayasinghe, Laddu Bhagya, and Waldmann, Daniele
- Subjects
WOODEN beams ,FINITE element method ,CONSTRUCTION slabs ,BOLTED joints - Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in timber–concrete composite (TCC) floors as a sustainable structural solution. Until now, only a few studies have investigated the demounting of TCC floors, which is essential to increase sustainability and improve the end-of-life environmental benefits of a floor system. This study investigates an innovative and straightforward demountable TCC slab that has notched and bolted connections. Six downscaled slabs are tested under four-point bending. The results show that the slab system has high composite action with an efficiency of 0.73. A three-dimensional finite element model is developed and calibrated with the experimental result. The model is used to study the influence of several parameters, such as the shape and dimensions of the notch as well as the bolt location on the load-bearing capacity and the load-deflection behavior of the slab. The results show that the failure tends to be more ductile when a birdsmouth-shaped notch is used, and the bolt is placed within the notch. Moreover, the load-bearing capacity of the shear connection increases by increasing the distance of the notch to the end of the slab and using a triangular notch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Novel Demountable Timber–Concrete Composite Floor
- Author
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Hooman Eslami, Laddu Bhagya Jayasinghe, and Daniele Waldmann
- Subjects
timber–concrete composite floors ,demountable shear connection ,notched shear connection ,design for deconstruction ,demountable structures ,Building construction ,TH1-9745 - Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in timber–concrete composite (TCC) floors as a sustainable structural solution. Until now, only a few studies have investigated the demounting of TCC floors, which is essential to increase sustainability and improve the end-of-life environmental benefits of a floor system. This study investigates an innovative and straightforward demountable TCC slab that has notched and bolted connections. Six downscaled slabs are tested under four-point bending. The results show that the slab system has high composite action with an efficiency of 0.73. A three-dimensional finite element model is developed and calibrated with the experimental result. The model is used to study the influence of several parameters, such as the shape and dimensions of the notch as well as the bolt location on the load-bearing capacity and the load-deflection behavior of the slab. The results show that the failure tends to be more ductile when a birdsmouth-shaped notch is used, and the bolt is placed within the notch. Moreover, the load-bearing capacity of the shear connection increases by increasing the distance of the notch to the end of the slab and using a triangular notch.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Design and testing of steel additive-manufactured moment-resistant beam-to-column connection.
- Author
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Gil, Beatriz, Goñi, Rufino, Fábregas, María, and Bayo, Eduardo
- Subjects
- *
BOLTED joints , *SELECTIVE laser melting , *TEST design , *FINITE element method , *STEEL , *STEEL manufacture , *FEED additives , *COMPOSITE columns - Abstract
The objective of this research is to study an alternative to conventional moment-resisting beam-to-column steel joints through the design of optimised connections made by additive manufacturing using steel. The proposed design is intended to fulfil design criteria such as the following: the connection has to be moment-resistant, and the different structural elements should join as easily as possible, enabling them to be attached and detached and consequently allowing the reuse of steel. The design is achieved by the application of Structural Topological Optimisation tools from the software TOSCA, and it is verified by finite element analysis using ABAQUS. The proposed design reshapes the material and leads to a uniform and optimised distribution of stresses. Blind bolts are no longer necessary and a significant weight reduction is achieved. The final design was printed with S316 stainless steel using the Selective Laser Melting technique, and it was tested under proportional loads until failure. The finite element models were validated with the experimental results. Then, the behaviour of the proposed connection under proportional and non-proportional loads is compared with that of a connection executed by traditional means (welded and bolted plates), as well as a conventional fully welded connection. The proposed connection exhibits a better behaviour than the other connections in terms of stiffness and resistance. In fact, when compared with the conventional welded connection, the values of the stiffness and strength of the optimised design are much higher. In addition, the significantly larger values of the stiffness/weight and strength/weight ratios highlight the efficiency of the proposed design. • An alternative to conventional moment-resisting beam-to-column steel connections is proposed. • The connection is designed by using topological optimization tools and validated with FEA. • It is additively manufactured in steel 316 L and tested until failure to validate FEM. • The validated finite element models are analyzed under different load cases • The proposed connection exhibits a better behaviour than the conventional ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Towards a demountable composite slab floor system.
- Author
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Gritsenko, Alina, Nijgh, Martin Paul, and Veljkovic, Milan
- Subjects
STEEL girders ,CONSTRUCTION slabs ,BOLTED joints ,COMPOSITE construction ,STEEL welding ,REINFORCED concrete ,SHEET metal - Abstract
Composite slab consisting of in‐situ casted reinforced concrete on profiled sheeting, which is connected to steel beams by shear connectors, is a common structural flooring system in office buildings and car parks. The headed welded studs are inexpensive and rather easy to use in‐situ because they can be welded to the steel beam through the metal sheeting. A permanent link is created between the composite slab and steel beams leading to rather time‐consuming and expensive deconstruction process. Various types of bolted shear connections, recently investigated by various researchers in Europe, Australia, USA, provide a demountable alternative for the flooring system. This paper describes the experimental study using a bolted shear connector consisting of an embedded bolt/coupler and external bolt, originally developed for a prefabricated concrete deck. A full‐scale composite beam was tested under working loads up to 6.25kN/m2 in a 4‐point bending. In addition to bolted shear connectors a timber joist is embedded in the composite slab over the web of the steel beam. After the first life cycle, the timber joist provides the cut edge of the slab. The experiment is used to model behaviour in the first life cycle. The composite slab was then cut, demounted, re‐assembled and tested again in the second life cycle. The load was applied up to 6.25kN/m2 and finally to the failure. Multiple arrangements of shear connectors were investigated to analyse performance of "a modified composite slab". Experience gained on the experiments of testing the composite beam in the first and the second life cycle is accompanied by FE analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. The Circular Concrete Viaduct: Development of a Concept Demountable Footing to Foundation (F2F) Dowel Connection for the Application in Multiple Life-Cycles
- Author
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Boersma, Jaap-Willem (author) and Boersma, Jaap-Willem (author)
- Abstract
The main motivation for this research originated from two ambitions, which involve many challenges for which circular solutions have to be developed. First, the ambition of the Dutch government to achieve a circular economy, which also includes a circular construction industry, in the Netherlands by 2050 at the latest. Secondly, in line with the first, the ambition of Rijkswaterstaat to work climate-neutral and circular in 2030. At this moment, the main focus in the Dutch construction industry is on developing circular solutions which can be implemented and applied during the enormous replacement and renovation task of many of the almost 40.000 bridges and (mostly) viaducts in the Netherlands. Therefore, the main focus of this research has been on developing circular solutions for concrete viaducts for (governmental) roads. This has resulted in the development of a concept demountable footing to foundation (F2F) dowel connection which has been based on, and is suitable for application in, the proposed design of a standard (circular concrete) viaduct. Besides, attention has been paid to desired monitoring aspects regarding such a circular viaduct, and to the life-cycle costs of a circular viaduct compared to those of the same viaduct, constructed in a traditional way, characterized by a linear life-cycle model., Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering | Concrete Structures
- Published
- 2021
7. Towards a demountable composite slab floor system
- Author
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Gritsenko, Alina (author), Nijgh, M.P. (author), Veljkovic, M. (author), Gritsenko, Alina (author), Nijgh, M.P. (author), and Veljkovic, M. (author)
- Abstract
Composite slab consisting of in‐situ casted reinforced concrete on profiled sheeting, which is connected to steel beams by shear connectors, is a common structural flooring system in office buildings and car parks. The headed welded studs are inexpensive and rather easy to use in‐situ because they can be welded to the steel beam through the metal sheeting. A permanent link is created between the composite slab and steel beams leading to rather time‐consuming and expensive deconstruction process. Various types of bolted shear connections, recently investigated by various researchers in Europe, Australia, USA, provide a demountable alternative for the flooring system. This paper describes the experimental study using a bolted shear connector consisting of an embedded bolt/coupler and external bolt, originally developed for a prefabricated concrete deck. A full‐scale composite beam was tested under working loads up to 6.25kN/m2 in a 4‐point bending. In addition to bolted shear connectors a timber joist is embedded in the composite slab over the web of the steel beam. After the first life cycle, the timber joist provides the cut edge of the slab. The experiment is used to model behaviour in the first life cycle. The composite slab was then cut, demounted, re‐assembled and tested again in the second life cycle. The load was applied up to 6.25kN/m2 and finally to the failure. Multiple arrangements of shear connectors were investigated to analyse performance of “a modified composite slab”. Experience gained on the experiments of testing the composite beam in the first and the second life cycle is accompanied by FE analysis., Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public., Steel & Composite Structures
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Assessment of steel-concrete shear connector system with resin injected bolts
- Author
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Sarri, Alkyoni (author) and Sarri, Alkyoni (author)
- Abstract
The building and construction sector play a key role in achieving a sustainable development. In European countries, buildings are responsible for 40-45% of energy consumption, leading to significant amounts of CO2 emissions. The implementation of reusable structures lead to less waste and harmful emissions to the environment. The main purpose of this thesis is to analyse and evaluate the use of a new type of demountable shear connectors, resin injected bolts, in steel-concrete composite structures through push-out tests. Steel-concrete composite structures are commonly used in flooring systems of offices, car parks and bridge decks throughout the world. The most widely used shear connectors are welded headed studs. Even though they are inexpensive and extended research has been conducted about their application, welded headed studs do not allow for the demountability and reusability of the structural components. An innovative type of shear connector consists of a coupler and a bolt which are embedded in the prefabricated concrete deck. The assembly of the concrete deck with the flange of the steel section which has oversized holes is achieved through resin injected bolts. Resin injected bolts are bolts in which the cavity formed by the clearance between the bolt and the hole is filled up with resin. Large hole clearances allow for fabrication tolerances and lead to a faster execution. Push-out tests were conducted in the laboratory in order to examine resin injected bolts in terms of shear capacity, stiffness and ductility. Two different test configurations were created, one with resin injected bolts and the other one with reinforced resin injected bolts. For each configuration three specimens were tested which were nominally identical, one was loaded until failure using displacement control and the other two were loaded initially in force-controlled load cycles and then until failure. The results obtained from the experiments are compared with the results from rese, Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering
- Published
- 2019
9. A 3D printed bio-composite removable connection system for bamboo spatial structures
- Author
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Anastasios P. Vassilopoulos, Lars De Laet, Romain Pascal T van Wassenhove, and Architectural Engineering
- Subjects
Bamboo ,Free-formed structures ,Additive manufacturing ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Mechanical engineering ,3D printing ,02 engineering and technology ,Bamboo structures ,Bio-composites ,Adaptability ,Parametric design ,Demountable structures ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,media_common ,business.industry ,Process (computing) ,Sustainable structures ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Finite element method ,Connection (mathematics) ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,parametric design ,Ceramics and Composites ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Clipping (computer graphics) - Abstract
A 3D printed bio-composite removable connection system for bamboo space structures is introduced in this paper. The system consists of a removable clipping connection for raw bamboo structures, adapted to the European market. The use of parametric design and 3D printing enables to have both design and production processes adapted to the non-uniform bamboo culm dimensions, while being standardisable. The resulting design possibilities are very large due to the high adaptability of the whole process. The efficiency of the introduced connection system has been validated experimentally. Standardized specimens of the bio-composite material, a connection detail (clip), and a structural component were examined experimentally to validate the design. A pyramidal structure made of bamboo culms of 30 mm of diameter and 4 mm in thickness was able to sustain a load of 7 kN in compression, proving the relevance of the proposed connection system. A finite element model was developed to model the clip behaviour and successfully compared to the experimental results.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. A 3D printed bio-composite removable connection system for bamboo spatial structures.
- Author
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van Wassenhove, Romain, De Laet, Lars, and Vassilopoulos, Anastasios P.
- Subjects
- *
SPATIAL systems , *BAMBOO , *LARGE space structures (Astronautics) , *THREE-dimensional printing , *MANUFACTURING processes , *STRUCTURAL components - Abstract
A 3D printed bio-composite removable connection system for bamboo space structures is introduced in this paper. The system consists of a removable clipping connection for raw bamboo structures, adapted to the European market. The use of parametric design and 3D printing enables to have both design and production processes adapted to the non-uniform bamboo culm dimensions, while being standardisable. The resulting design possibilities are very large due to the high adaptability of the whole process. The efficiency of the introduced connection system has been validated experimentally. Standardized specimens of the bio-composite material, a connection detail (clip), and a structural component were examined experimentally to validate the design. A pyramidal structure made of bamboo culms of 30 mm of diameter and 4 mm in thickness was able to sustain a load of 7 kN in compression, proving the relevance of the proposed connection system. A finite element model was developed to model the clip behaviour and successfully compared to the experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Assessment of demountable steel-concrete composite flooring systems
- Author
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Gîrbacea, Andrei (author) and Gîrbacea, Andrei (author)
- Abstract
Sustainability concerns steer the construction sector towards adopting a circular economy philosophy. Steel-concrete composite beams are extensively used in multi-story buildings and bridges due to their competitive construction and efficient material use. Currently the composite action is mainly achieved by headed shear connectors welded to the top flange of the beam, obstructing the non-destructive demountability. Demountable shear connectors can be used in order to open up the composite con-struction for reusability. Demountable shear connectors can take the form of a bolted connection which requires a tight control of construction tolerances. This thesis is fo-cused on studying a bolt coupler connector which is seen as a valuable alternative to the more conventional embedded bolt. The proposed shear connector consists of a bolt and coupler embedded in prefabricated concrete decks which are connected through the top flange of the steel section by an injection bolt. Full-scale experiments have been performed to investigate the feasibility of construc-tion of a demountable car park. The demountable flooring was obtained by large pre-fabricated concrete decks in combination with tapered beams. Experimental research has confirmed the possibility of assembly and disassembly of the system if construction tolerances are appropriately designed. The most influential factors were quantified based on experimental observations, measurements and finite element models. The hole clearance should be designed keeping in mind the deformability of the system during construction, the manufacturing tolerances and the speed of construction. Experiments show that resin injection can be reliably and labour efficiently used for large oversized holes which allow for higher fabrication imperfections and reduced construction while at the same time enabling composite action of the connectors under live load. The reusability of the structure was confirmed by a set of eight four-point
- Published
- 2018
12. Towards a demountable composite slab floor system
- Author
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Gritsenko, Alina (author) and Gritsenko, Alina (author)
- Abstract
A composite slab consisting of in-situ casted reinforced concrete on profiled sheeting, which is connected to steel beams by shear connectors, is a common structural flooring system in office and multi-storey car park buildings. The headed welded studs, which are most widely used shear connectors, are inexpensive and easy to install because they can be welded to the steel beam through the profiled sheeting. A permanent link is created between the composite slab and steel beams leading to a time-consuming and expensive deconstruction process. Various types of bolted shear connections, recently investigated by various researchers in Europe, Australia, and the USA, provide a demountable alternative for the flooring system. A part of this thesis describes the experimental study using a bolted shear connector consisting of an embedded bolt/coupler and external bolt, originally developed for a prefabricated solid concrete deck. A full-scale composite beam was tested in two life cycles under total working loads up to $200kN$ in a 4-point bending set-up. In addition to bolted shear connectors, a timber joist was embedded in the composite slab over the web of the steel beam. After the first life cycle, the timber joist provides the cut edge of the slab. The experiment is used to model behavior of the composite beam in the first life cycle. The slab is then cut, demounted, re-assembled and tested again in the second life cycle. The load was applied up to $200kN$ and finally to failure. Multiple arrangements of shear connectors were investigated in second life cycle to analyze the performance of a prefabricated composite beam Experience gained by the experiments on the composite beam in the first and the second life cycles is accompanied by FE analysis. Recommendations for practical use of the demountable composite floor system are proposed based on the experimental and numerical findings. In addition, an investigation in the field of BIM (B
- Published
- 2018
13. Yapı örtüsü olarak mütekabil elemanların incelenmesi
- Author
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Karakoç, Zehra, Diker, Hasan Fırat, Mimarlık Ana Bilim Dalı, and Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf Üniversitesi, Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Subjects
Demountable structures ,Lattice structure ,Architecture ,Grid structure ,Mimarlık - Abstract
Mütekabil elemanlar ifadesi, kısa kirişlerle geniş açıklıklar geçmekte tarih öncesi dönemlerden beri kullanılan çeşitli yapım yöntemlerini kapsar. En basit örneği kızılderili çadırlarında görülen bu sistemler, ortaçağ ve rönesans düşünürlerinin eskiz defterlerinde kendine yer edinebildiği gibi son dönemde de bir çok akademik çalışmanın konusu olmuştur. Bu tez çalışmasının ikinci bölümünde konu tarihi çerçevede ele alınmıştır. Yapı tarihinin birçok döneminde karşımıza çıkan bu kurgu, çok çeşitli malzeme ve örgü kuralına uyarlanmıştır. Temelde yürütülen mantık açıklığı geçmekte kısa kalan kirişlerle kurallı bir örgü sistemi oluşturmak ve açıklığı bu örgüyle geçmektir. Üçüncü bölümde teknolojinin gelişimi ile bu strüktürlerin yapım ve tasarımı arasındaki bağ incelenmiştir. Mütekabil elemanlar, her biri bir diğerini taşıyan ve bir diğeri tarafından taşınan kirişleme kurgusu ile yük aktarımını sağlayan, mimariye uyarlanmış bir örgü strüktür olarak ele alınabilir. Dijital tasarım araçlarının etkin kullanımı; eklemlerde yapılacak düzenlemeler ile hareketli strüktürler oluşturma potansiyeli ve konvansiyonel yapı malzemelerinden çeşitli kompozit malzemelerin kullanımına kadar, bu strüktürlerin yapımında rol alan teknolojik gelişmeler bu bölümde incelenmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde strüktürün özellkleri açıklanmıştır. Malzeme, kiriş boyutları, bağlantı detayı, örgü kuralı gibi detaylar ortaya çıkacak formu doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu kararların verilmesi için strüktürün geometrik ve yapısal özelliklerine hakim olmak gerekir. Bir mütekabil kirişleme tamamlanmış merkez, modül ve kirişler gibi alt hiyerarşik sistemlerden oluşur. Kiriş sayısı, cinsi, kirişlerin biraraya gelişlerinde oluşturdukları bağlantı mesafesi gibi değerlere göre bir modülün temel özellikleri belirlenir. İlerleyen aşamada örgü kuralına göre modüller veya münferit kirişler eklenerek türetme gerçekleştirilir. Oluşturulan kirişlemede yük aktarımı için bağlantı noktalarının özelliklerinin belirlenmesi hayatidir. Kullanılan malzemeye bağlı olarak bağlantı şekilleri farklılık arzetse bile temel özellikler değişmeyecektir. Bir bağlantı noktasında en fazla iki eleman bir araya gelecektir. Bağlantılar normal kuvvetler ile eğilme momentini iletecek fakat bir miktar dönmeye imkan vererek burulma kuvvetini iletmeyecektir. Verimli bir tasarım yapılabilmesi için, bu sistemlerin sunduğu imkanları iyi değerlendirmek gerekir. Çokgen dizimleri temel alınarak, düzlemsel veya eğimli yüzeyler oluşturulabildiği gibi, düzgün ve yarı düzgün çokyüzlüleri temel alan kurallı üç boyutlu strüktürler de oluşturulabilir. Strüktür özelliklerinin kavranabilmesine yönelik çalışmalarda, yurtdışında hayata geçirilmiş örnekler analiz edilmiştir. Fatih Sultan Mehmet Üniversitesi’nde yapılan maket çalışmalarında elde edilen düzgün çokyüzlüler bu tez çalışmasının dördüncü bölümünde “4.1.2. Eğri Yüzeyli Sistemler” başlığı altında incelenmiştir. Aynı çalışmalarda sorgulanan tek tip kiriş kullanılarak oluşturulabilecek düzlemsel kirişlemeler ve “4.2.3.1. Düzgün Kirişleme” başlığı altında incelenmiştir. Mütekabil sistemler, son dönemde bilgisayar destekli tasarım ve üretim yöntemleri ile amorf biçimler, bağlantı detaylarının geliştirilmesi ile hareketli katlanabilir strüktürler oluşturma potansiyeli gibi hususlarda geliştirilmek üzere akademik çalışmalarda da ele alınmıştır. Beşinci bölümde mütekabil strüktürlerin konvansiyonel yapım yöntemlerine nispetle verimliliğini kıyaslamaya yönelik yapılan çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir. 20.yüzyıl başında mütekabil strüktürler, kısa kirişlerden nitelikli işçilik gerektirmeden yapılabilmesi dolayısıyla 10-20 m arası açıklıklı konut yapılarında çatı örtü sistemi olarak önerilmiştir. Günümüzde ucuz üretim, kolay ve hızlı yapım imkanı, malzeme sürdürülebilirliği gibi özellikler bu strüktürlerin tercih sebebi olmaktadır. Ayrıca bu özellikleri, mütekabil strüktürlerin fuar yapıları, arkeolojik kazı alanı örtüsü ve afet sonrası barınak tasarımı gibi geçici yapılar için önerilmesine de sebep olmuştur. Ülkemizde yaygın olmayan konu hakkında yurtdışında yapılmış olan çalışmalar incelenerek derlenmiş, ek olarak Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf Üniversitesi’nde yapılan çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir. The term of “Reciprocal Frame Structures”, includes various spanning systems with short beams that have been used since pre-historic times. These structures, that their simplest example can be seen in the pit dwellings, could have taken place in the sketchbooks of medieval and reneassaince philosophers as well as they have been the subject of many recent academic researchs. In the second chapter of this thesis, the reciprocal frame structures are discussed from the historical aspect. This kind of assembly of the beams that are used in various time periods in architectural history, has been applied with many building materials and iteration rules. The basic sense of this structures is to interwave the short beams that are too short to span the roof; and use this resulting lattice as a roof or ceiling system. In the third chapter, the connection between technology and the design and bulding techniques of this structures is investigated. The roof structure supposed to act the forces through the short beams, that supports and in return is supported by another one. Developments on construction technologies of the reciprocal frame structures are questioned in this chapter such as the use of digital design tools actively in the design process; the potential of creating mobile structures via arrangements on joints; from the conventional building materials to the use of various composite materials of today. In the fourth chapter, the characteristics of these structures are explained. The details such as the material used, connection type and tesellation rules influences the final form directly. To be able to decide these details, one must have the knowledge of the geometrical and structural characteristics of the structure. A reciprocal frame structure contains sub-hierarchical systems such as components, modules and the beams. The basic characteristics of the module is defined by the number and the type of the beams, the engagement length etc. In the following stages, the iteration steps are achieved by adding single beams or modules to a basic module. In order to transfer the forces to the outer supports in the resuting grillage, defining the characteristics of the joints are crucial. The appearance of joints differs depending on the materials use as beams, however the basic properties will be the same for any type of joints. Two elements can meet at any connection point. The axial forces and the bending moments are transferred through a node; a node allows a little rotation not to transfer any of twisting forces. For an efficient design, the possibilities that these structures provide have to be evaluated well. It is possible to create planar or curved surfaces based on regular polygonal tiligs, as well as the three dimensional structures based on regular and semi regular polyhedrons. The studies that aimed the comprehension of the structures characteristics the the examples realized abroad are analyzed. Additionally, the reciprocal polyhedron that obtained as a result of the studies at Fatih Sultan Mehmet Waqf University, is analyzed in the fourth chapter of this thesis, under the title of “4.1.2 Systems of Curved Surfaces”. In the same studies, a possibilities of creating different grillages by using only one type of beam is investigated and presented under the title of “4.2.3.1. Regular Grillage” . Reciprocal structures are also investigated in the academic researchs, that focus on subjects such as creating free form structures with the help of digital computing and fabrication tools, the foldable mobile structures by developing the connections. In the fifth chapter the studies that aim to compare reciprocal structures to the conventional constructing methods are evaluated. In early nineteens, reciprocal frame structures were proposed and realized as a roofing system -with a different name of “lamella roof”- for houses that have 10-20 m spanning, for the reason of lower manufacturing costs of short beams and ease of construction that requires no qualified labour. These structures are preferred for their facilities of quick and easy construction, the material sustainability etc. In addition these facilities, are the reason why reciprocal frame structures are proposed as tempory structures such; expo pavillions, shelters of archeological excavation site and shelter design for after diseaster situations. The studies abroad are analysed and compiled as well as the evaluation of the studies at Fatih Sultan Mehmet Waqf University for this uncommon subject for our country.
- Published
- 2017
14. Use of innovative shear connectors in construction and rehabilitation of steel-concrete composite beams
- Author
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Wijesiri Pathirana, Indika
- Subjects
Buildings ,Numerical analysis ,Push test ,Demountable structures ,Composite beams ,Retrofitting ,Bridges - Abstract
Composite beams are now widely used in infrastructure such as steel-framed bridges, buildings and stadiums. Most of these composite beams have been built with welded shear studs due to the availability of detailed research on their properties, and standard design methods for using them. However, as composite beams age, their ability to withstand current and future loading requirements deteriorates. On the other hand, existing composite beams incorporating welded shear studs cannot be easily retrofitted to prolong their useful service life, nor can the steel and concrete components of these beams be separated securely to be reused due to the permanent fixing mechanism of the welded studs. This thesis attempts to investigate the design and behaviour of composite beams with innovative bolted connectors. The novel fixing mechanisms of these bolted connectors may enable composite beams to be retrofitted reliably and also be disassembled without much effort. With these aims in mind, the emphasis in this thesis is primarily on the following issues: investigating the ability of bolted and welded-stud connectors to achieve composite action in normal and retrofitted composite beams investigating the effects of time-dependent creep and shrinkage of concrete on the behaviour of composite beams incorporating either bolted connectors or welded-stud connectors investigating the feasibility of dismantling composite beams subjected to serviceability loading by removing connector bolts. This thesis comprises many experimental and numerical studies, including the flexural behaviour of composite beams with bolted and welded-stud connectors as well as the load–slip behaviour of the connectors. In addition, the behaviour of the beam and push-out test specimens in their respective experiments was simulated using finite element models developed in ABAQUS software. An extensive parametric study was also carried out using these models in order to gain further insight in to the behaviour of composite beams with bolted and welded-stud connectors in composite steel–concrete beams. The outcome of the experimental and numerical analyses is satisfying and also contains design recommendations. It is strongly hoped that the findings of this study may provide an important basis and guidelines for designing and constructing more robust and sustainable composite beam systems in the future.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Use of innovative shear connectors in construction and rehabilitation of steel-concrete composite beams
- Author
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Uy, Brian, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Mirza, Olivia, University of Western Sydney, Zhu, Xinqun, University of Western Sydney, Bradford, Mark, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Wijesiri Pathirana, Indika, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Uy, Brian, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Mirza, Olivia, University of Western Sydney, Zhu, Xinqun, University of Western Sydney, Bradford, Mark, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, and Wijesiri Pathirana, Indika, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW
- Abstract
Composite beams are now widely used in infrastructure such as steel-framed bridges, buildings and stadiums. Most of these composite beams have been built with welded shear studs due to the availability of detailed research on their properties, and standard design methods for using them. However, as composite beams age, their ability to withstand current and future loading requirements deteriorates. On the other hand, existing composite beams incorporating welded shear studs cannot be easily retrofitted to prolong their useful service life, nor can the steel and concrete components of these beams be separated securely to be reused due to the permanent fixing mechanism of the welded studs. This thesis attempts to investigate the design and behaviour of composite beams with innovative bolted connectors. The novel fixing mechanisms of these bolted connectors may enable composite beams to be retrofitted reliably and also be disassembled without much effort. With these aims in mind, the emphasis in this thesis is primarily on the following issues: investigating the ability of bolted and welded-stud connectors to achieve composite action in normal and retrofitted composite beams investigating the effects of time-dependent creep and shrinkage of concrete on the behaviour of composite beams incorporating either bolted connectors or welded-stud connectors investigating the feasibility of dismantling composite beams subjected to serviceability loading by removing connector bolts. This thesis comprises many experimental and numerical studies, including the flexural behaviour of composite beams with bolted and welded-stud connectors as well as the load–slip behaviour of the connectors. In addition, the behaviour of the beam and push-out test specimens in their respective experiments was simulated using finite element models developed in ABAQUS software. An extensive parametric study was also carried out using these models in order to gain further insight in to the behaviou
- Published
- 2016
16. Acil durumlarda kullanılabilecek demontabl yapıların tasarım kriterlerinin belirlenmesine yönelik kavramsal bir model
- Author
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Ervan, Mustafa Kemal, Utkutuğ, Ziya, and Mimarlık Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Demountable structures ,Architecture ,Mimarlık ,Emergency service-hospital - Abstract
ACİL DURUMLARDA KULLANILABİLECEK DEMONTABL YAPILARIN TASARIM KRİTERLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİNE YÖNELİK KAVRAMSAL BİR MODEL (Doktora Tezi) Mustafa Kemal ERVAN GAZI ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ Aralık 1995 OZ Bu tezde, acil durumlarda kullanılabilecek demontabl yapıların tasarım kriterlerinin belirlenmesine yönelik kavramsal bir modelin oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için öncelikle, bu konu ile ilgili yapılan ve uygulanan çalışmalar incelenerek irdelenmiştir. Sonra, acil durumlar için üretilecek demontabl yapıların ürüne ve sürece yönelik özellikleri üzerinde durulmuş ve uygun öneriler getirilmiştir. Detaylardan hedefe doğru takip edilecek amaç hiyerarşisi içerisinde her bir özellik için optimum alternatifi belirleyecek `kavramsal bir değerlendirme modeli` seçilmiş; değerlendirme yöntemi olarak `uygunluk değeri analizi` ve karar kriteri olarak da `en büyük beklenen değer` kullanılmıştır. Bilim kodu Anahtar kelimeler Sayfa adedi Tez yöneticisi 601.02.03; 601.02.02 Acil durum, demontabl yapı. 176 Prof. Dr. Ziya UTKUTU? Ill A CONCEPTUAL MODELING TOWARD THE DETERMINATION OF DESIGN CRITERION OF DEMONTABLE STRUCTURES IN THE CASE OF EMERGENCY (Ph. D. Thesis) Mustafa Kemâl ERVAN GAZI UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY December 1995 ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to build a model to determine the design criterion of demontable structures in the case of emergency. For this purpose, relevant applications were investigated in the first place. Later, properties of the quality and the process of demontable structures were examined and suitable suggestions are made. Finally, `a conceptual evaluation model` is selected to determine the optimum alternative, according to the hierarchy of aims which is through details to end. `Appropriation value analysis` as evaluation method and `maximum expected value` as decision criterion is used. Science code Key words Page number Advisor 601.02.03 ; 601.02.02 Emergency, demontable structure. 176 Prof. Dr. Ziya UTKUTU? 187
- Published
- 1996
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