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O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o papel da autorregulação desenvolvimental na adolescência como fator diferenciador do consumo de tabaco e álcool. Para isso, foi utilizada uma amostra de 407 alunos do Ensino Médio, avaliada com o recurso a um conjunto de questões sobre o consumo destas substâncias e ao Inventário de Autorregulação Adolescente (Moilanen, 2007), um instrumento baseado na teoria desenvolvimental sobre a autorregulação. Os resultados sugerem que a autorregulação é um fator diferenciador entre adolescentes que consomem, ou não, substâncias e a intensidade deste consumo. Adolescentes que consomem tendem a apresentar, consistentemente, pontuações mais baixas na autorregulação a curto e longo-prazo. As limitações e implicações dos resultados são apresentadas e discutidas. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of developmental self-regulation in adolescence as a differentiating factor of tobacco and alcohol use. It was used a sample of 407 high school students, assessed with a number of questions about such substances use and the Adolescent Self-regulatory Inventory (Moilanen, 2007), a developmentally based measure about self-regulation. Results suggest that self-regulation is a differentiating factor between adolescents who use substances and those who not, and the intensity of consumption. Teenagers who use alcohol and tobacco seem to present consistently lower scores in short and long-term self-regulation. The limitations and implications of the results are presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The family is a social organization where each member's behaviors have effects on others. From the scientific reviews have been found family variables that affect behaviors as drug use, they are family communication, conflict, social support and living rules. The target of this research is focused on the construction of a test to measure these variables. The sample consists of 165 students from different university degrees in Alicante. Analyzes of the items were done through expert opinion, structural models, reliability analysis, and correlations with criterion variables and drugs use. The final result is a test composed of 18 reactants that are structured into five factors: Communication, Social Support, Conflict, Rules and Consequences, providing indices of adequate reliability and validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implementation fidelity refers to the degree to wich an intervention is delivered as intended. Implement evidence-based interventions with high fidelity is a key issue in the dissemination of programs to real life contexts, since the effects of the programs diminish when programs are implemented with poor fidelity to the protocol designed. This study defines the concept of fidelity and its component dimensions. In turn, we review the most relevant aspects related to implementation fidelity of school-based substance use prevention programs. Finally, it is discuss the importance of increasing our knowledge about the process of implementing the innovations of science in daily practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows the results of a pilot study on the analysis of web pages in Spain containing information about addictions. We also analyze in which ways internet users utilize such pages through the test INDEXA. We have analyzed, so far, 203 Spanish web resources on addictions and surveyed 294 university students about their usage of the Internet for informational purposes on addictions. Results indicate that the most part of web resources in addictions belong to associations (33%), with an approach centered in the treatment (22%) and a general approach when one is to offer information on addictive substances or addictions. The most mentioned substances in the contents of websites are the tobacco (41%) and the alcohol (38%). Results of the questionnaire INDEXA show that 84% of internet users were considered well informed on addictions and 64% had looked for or received information on the topic in the latest year. The level of satisfaction with websites on addictions is good (67%) their questions concentrate in the information search on a substance in particular, , that usually is the alcohol (15%) followed more distance of the cannabis (13.18%) and the tobacco (11%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last two decades, many professionals have manifested the necessity to make of the prevention a scientific discipline, in which one works on the basis of the objective evidence, without leaving place to practical intuitive and/or simply based on the good will. Like result, today we have a solid empirical base about the school strategies that obtain results in the consumption and those that not, and even those that are against preventive. Nevertheless, when reviewing the investigations developed in this area, a wide variability in the sizes of the effects of the interventions is verified, wich indicates the necessity to us to verify what characteristic of the preventive programs are those responsible for this variability. The aim of the study is to describe the associated characteristics of the most effective interventions, developed in the school environment. For it, the results of four revisions of revisions that have summarized in a systematized way the evidence available by diverse studies of revisions and meta-analyses are synthesized it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to know the attitudes and opinions on the consumption of alcohol, tobacco and drugs, in students of the secondary education of the city of Bragança, aged between twelve and fifteen years. The Individuals who formed the sample attended the seventh, eighth and ninth years of schooling in a total of 62 pupils of both genders. The results showed that for consumption of alcohol, tobacco and drugs 6.25% of the respondents regularly consume alcohol, 12.5% smoke habitually and 8.33% consume drugs. Through the procedures carried out we conclude that the 'no consumers' are the ones who had present a bigger perception of the risk associated with the consumption of these substances. We can also verify that the experimentation of the substances is initiated each time more precociously. One of the possible causes of these results could be the lack of information about the consequences of consumption of these substances, or the vulnerability of the adolescents in yielding to the experimentation of the same ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study is to analyze the protagonist-antagonist profile in all television content scheduled for children in Spanish television channels, analyzing variables such as type and number, age, gender, nationality, skills, relationship between the characters, characterization of the character, targets used to achieve goals, consequences of the action of the antagonist on the antagonist and vice versa. The sample consists of 168 series analyzed using descriptive content analysis and multivariate analysis. We may note that over 50% of the series antagonist, and when there is any, the most common is a unique human, appearing in more than 15% of the series, followed with just 10% by a fantastic creature. In 80% of the series social and human skills are belonging to the main character, and in 45.24% the type of skill is intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study is to analyse the profile of the protagonist-antagonist dichotomy in all children's television content, of all genres, offered by Spanish television channels. The analysis of protagonist and antagonist characters focuses on variables such as: type and number, age, gender, nationality, skills, relationship between the characters, characterisation, means used to achieve goals, consequences of the action of the antagonist over the antagonist and vice versa. The sample consists of 168 series that were analysed using descriptive content analysis and multivariate analysis. The results showed that over 50% of the series do not have an antagonist and that when there is one the most common type is a single human, which appears in more than 15% of the analysed series, followed by the fantastic creature type, which is present in just 10%. In 80% of the series the skills of the protagonists are social and human, and in 45.24% the exhibited skill is intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]