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Namen magistrske naloge je bil oceniti suho biomaso nadzemnega dela zeliščne in grmovne vegetacije v smrekovih sestojih na Pokljuki s pomočjo neposredne metode: z rezanjem, sušenjem in tehtanjem rastlin ter raziskati odvisnost biomase zeliščne in grmovne vegetacije od različnih dejavnikov sestoja in okolja. Ugotovili smo, da je povprečna suha biomasa nadzemnega dela vegetacije v zeliščni plasti znašala 8,1 g/m2, če so v povprečju vključeni še grmi v grmovni plasti pa 12,6 g/m2. Kadar je suha biomasa nadzemnega dela preučevanih lesnatih rastlin manjša od 130 g/m2, ne vpliva na suho biomaso nadzemnega dela zelnatih rastlin, kadar pa je večja od 130 g/m2, pa nanjo vpliva negativno. Multipli linearni regresijski model je pokazal, da je suha biomasa zeliščne in grmovne vegetacije odvisna od naslednjih dejavnikov sestoja in okolja: rastišča, višine dreves, sklepa in ekspozicije, medtem ko ni odvisna od nadmorske višine, skalovitosti, naklona, temeljnice in lesne zaloge. Podali smo linearne in nelinearne regresijske modele s katerimi smo prikazali zvezo med suho biomaso naslednjih morfoloških skupin v zeliščni plasti: trav, zelišč, nizkih grmov in praproti ter pokrovnostjo, višino in fitovolumnom omenjenih morfoloških skupin. Vzorčna napaka ocene vegetacije v zeliščni plasti je manjša od dvajsetih odstotkov v primeru, da so bile meritve suhe biomase vegetacije ponovljene na več kot 382 ploskvah velikih 1 m2. The purpose of master's thesis was to estimate dry biomass of above ground herbaceous and shrub vegetation in spruce stands in Pokljuka with direct method: cutting, drying and weighing plants and to investigate how herbaceous and shrub biomass is dependent from several stand and site factors. Results showed that average dry biomass of above ground vegetation in herbal layer amounted to 8.1 g/m2, if this average includes dry biomass of shrubs in shrub layer it amounted to 12.6 g/m2. When above ground dry biomass of woody plants weighed less than 130 g/m2 it did not affect above ground dry biomass of herbaceous plants, when above ground dry biomass of woody plants weighted more than 130 g/m2 it did have negative effect on above ground dry biomass of herbal plants. Multiple linear regression model demonstrated that dry biomass of above ground herbal and shrub vegetation depended on association, tree height, canopy cover and exposition, meanwhile it did not depend on the rockiness, altitude, slope, basal area and growing stock. We presented linear and nonlinear regression models that demonstrated the relationship between dry biomass of morphological plant groups in herbal layer: grasses, herbs, low shrubs and ferns and cover, height and phytovolume of mentioned groups. Sample error of above ground biomass in herbal layer estimation was less than 20 % when biomass was measured on more than 382 plots measuring one square meter.

Cilj vsakega podjetja je ohranjanje obstoječih porabnikov ter pridobivanje novih. Ključna dejavnika za dosego navedenega cilja sta zadovoljstvo in zvestoba porabnikov. Prodajno okolje je eden najpomembnejših dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na njihovo počutje in zadovoljstvo. Treba je torej proučiti, kakšno naj bo prodajno okolje, ki bo porabnikom všečno in se bodo vedno z veseljem vračali vanj The objective of every company is to maintain existing consumers and gain new ones. Key elements for achieving this objective are consumers’ satisfaction and loyalty. The sales environment is one of the most important factors that affect their well-being and satisfaction. It is therefore necessary to consider what kind of sales environment consumers prefer and are eager to return to. The theoretical part presents processes of perceiving a sales environment, which affect consumers before they enter a point of sale, and factors that affect them when they are already in a point of sale. Below we focus on the concept of satisfaction, and present models for measuring consumers’ satisfaction. In the conclusion of the theoretical part, we examine after-sales behaviour, which includes rumours, word of mouth, repeated purchase, consumer’s feedback, and loyalty. The primary purpose of the research is to verify hypotheses concerning the perception of factors in the environment, the importance of individual factors, satisfaction with individual factors, overall satisfaction with the sales environment, and the intention of after-sales behaviour.

Farmacevtska industrija velja za uspešno ter zaradi prisotnosti multinacionalk za vplivno panogo, ki vpliva na državne vlade in izraža svojo moč vpliva na zunanje dejavnike okolja. Kljub velikosti in moči podjetij je farmacevtski trg dojemljiv na spremembe globalnega okolja. Spremembe, ki se odvijajo v zunanjem okolju podjetja, vplivajo na organizacijo in delovanje podjetja. Boljše je poznavanje zunanjih dejavnikov, ki imajo vpliv, hitreje in bolje se lahko podjetje nanje odzove ter ohrani uspešno poslovanje ali izkoristi nove priložnosti na trgu. V teoretičnem delu diplomskega seminarja so opredeljena teoretična izhodišča poslovnega okolja ter PEST in PESTEL analize, ki so eno od orodij za analiziranje dejavnikov zunanjega okolja. Natančno so opisane vrste okolja in njihovi elementi, ki vplivajo na podjetje. S pomočjo PESTEL analize smo analizirali dejavnike zunanjega poslovnega okolja podjetja Krka, d. d. Analizirani so tisti dejavniki zunanjega okolja, ki imajo pomemben vpliv na poslovanje podjetja. Z izvedbo PESTEL analize smo ugotovili, da predstavljajo za podjetje naraščajočo nevarnost naslednji dejavniki: stabilnost vlade, kupna moč prebivalstva in brezposelnost. Padajočo nevarnost predstavljajo dejavniki vladne politike za spodbujanje gospodarstva, reforma zdravstva, zahteve delničarjev, gospodarska rast, obseg proizvodnje oz. dodana vrednost, stopnja tveganja revščine, razpoložljivi dohodek gospodinjstev, zakonodaja v Sloveniji kot tudi v EU. Naraščajoče priložnosti v okviru analiziranih socialnih dejavnikov predstavljajo starostna meja in vzorci vedenja potrošnikov ter spremembe zakonodaje kot eden izmed političnih dejavnikov. Absolutno prednost in priložnost podjetja pa predstavljajo okoljski in tehnološki dejavniki: vlaganja v raziskave in razvoj, integriran sistem kakovosti, razvoj izdelkov, intelektualna lastnina, ekološki predpisi, zelene tehnologije in trajnostni razvoj. Farmacevtsko podjetje Krka, d. d., uspešno obvladuje zunanje dejavnike okolja, kar bo konkurenčna prednost tudi v prihodnje. The pharmaceutical industry is regarded as being successful as well as, because of the presence of multinational corporations, an influential industry that has an influence in the government and expresses it’s influential power on external environmental factors. Despite the size and power of pharmaceutical companies, the pharmaceutical market is still sensitive to changes in the global environment. Changes taking place in the company’s external environment have an adverse effect on the company’s organization and operation. The better the company’s knowledge of external factors, which affect it, the faster and better the company can respond to them as well as maintain a successful business or exploit new opportunities on the market. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the theoretical foundations of the business environment as well as the PEST and PESTEL analysis, which are one of the tools for analysing the factors of the external environment. It also accurately describes the types of environments, and their elements, which have an effect on the company. With the help of the PESTEL analysis, we analysed the factors of the external business environment of the company: Krka d.d.. Analysed are the environment’s external factors that have an important influence on the business of the company. With the implementation of PESTEL analysis, we found that the stability of the government, the buying power of the consumers and unemployment pose a rising risk to the company. The decreasing risk factors are represented by the government policy to stimulate the economy, health reforms, shareholder’s requirements, economic growth, range of output, also known as, added value, level of poverty risk, the disposable income of households and the legislation in Slovenia and in the EU. Growing opportunities presented within the frame of analysed social factors are the age limit and consumer behavioural patterns as well as changes in legislation as one of political factors. The absolute advantage and opportunity of the company are represented by environmental and technological factors: investment in research and development, an integrated quality system, product development, intellectual property, ecological requirements, “green” technologies and sustainable development. The pharmaceutical company Krka d.d. successfully manages the external environmental factors, which is a competitive advantage also in the future.

Ker je mednarodne dejavnosti v svetu vse več, postajajo meje med državami vedno bolj zabrisane. Mnogo podjetij zato razmišlja o internacionalizaciji poslovanja, ki pa je za večino, če hočejo preživeti v konkurenčnem svetu, že nuja in ne več izbira. V delu diplomskega seminarja smo analizirali vplive lokalnega okolja v procesu internacionalizacije v državah BRIK. Naša analiza je zajemala področje ekonomskega, političnega, kulturnega in pravnega okolja držav. Skozi delo smo spoznali, da brez podrobne analize dejavnikov lokalnega okolja, širitev na tuje trge ni smiselna, saj ne moremo pričakovati da bo tudi uspešna. As the international activities all over the world are getting increased, borders between countries are becoming increasingly blurred. Many businesses are considering about internationalization of business, but for most, if they want to survive in a competitive world, is already a necessity rather than a free choice. In the work of graduate seminar, we analyzed the influence of local environment in the process of internationalization in the BRIC countries. Our analysis covered the area of economic, political, cultural and legal environment of states. Through the work we have realized that without a detailed analysis of local environmental factors, the expansion to foreign markets does not make sense, because we cannot expect that it will be also successful.