Search

Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de infecciones del tracto urinario (ITU), incontinencia urinaria (IU), incontinencia anal (IA) y dispareunia en mujeres primíparas, e identificar la asociación entre IU y dispareunia con el tipo de parto. Método: Estudio observacional prospectivo realizado con 96 puérperas (72 de parto normal y 24 de parto por cesárea) dos y seis meses después del parto. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio del carnet prenatal, historia clínica y entrevistas con las mujeres entre enero y agosto de 2014 en el Centro de Parto Normal Emergencias y maternidad Municipal Zoraide Eva das Dores, ubicado en el Municipio de Itapecerica da Serra, São Paulo; en centros de salud del municipio mencionado y de los municipios de Juquitiba, São Lourenço y Embú-Guaçú. Resultados: Durante la gestación, 52,1% de las mujeres informaron ITU y 30,2% de ellas, IU. En el segundo y sexto mes después del parto, las prevalencias encontradas fueron: 4,2% y 11,8% de ITU; 17,7% y 11,8% de IU; 8,4% de IA (6,3% con incontinencia de flatos y 2,1% de heces); 2,0% (únicamente incontinencia de flatos; no hubo incontinencia de heces); 48,1% y 17,8% de dispareunia, respectivamente. No hubo asociación estadística entre el tipo de parto y la dispareunia y la IU (p=0,742 y p=0,738; respectivamente). Enfermería Global Conclusiones: Las disfunciones del suelo pélvico (DSP) más frecuentes después del parto fueron la IU y la dispareunia. Hubo reducción espontánea de las DPP en el sexto mes después del parto. La identificación prematura de estas enfermedades es de gran importancia para la prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de males a la salud física y emocional de la mujer. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de infecção do trato urinário (ITU), incontinência urinária (IU), incontinência anal (IA) e dispareunia em mulheres primíparas e identificar associação entre a dispareunia e IU com o tipo de parto. Método: Estudo observacional prospectivo realizado com 96 puérperas (72 de partos normais e 24 cesarianas) com dois e seis meses após o parto. Os dados foram coletados por meio de cartões de pré-natal, prontuários e entrevistas entre janeiro e agosto de 2014 no Centro do Parto Normal do Pronto Socorro e Maternidade Municipal Zoraide Eva das Dores, localizado no Município de Itapecerica da Serra, São Paulo, e em Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município referido e dos Municípios de Juquitiba, São Lourenço e Embú-Guaçú. Resultados: Na gravidez, 52,1% das mulheres referiram ITU e 30,2% delas, IU. No segundo e no sexto mês pós-parto, as prevalências encontradas foram: 4,2% e 11,8% de ITU; 17,7% e 11,8% de IU; 8,4% de IA (6,3% de incontinência de flatos e 2,1% de fezes) e 2,0% (apenas incontinência de flatos; não houve incontinência de fezes); e 48,1% e 17,8% de dispareunia, respectivamente. Não houve associação estatística entre o tipo de parto e a dispareunia e a IU (p=0,742 e p=0,738; respectivamente). Conclusão: As disfunções do assoalho pélvico (DAP) mais frequentes após o parto foram a IU e a dispareunia. Houve redução espontânea das DAP no sexto mês após o parto. A identificação precoce destas morbidades é extremamente importante para a prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento de agravos à saúde física e emocional da mulher. Objective: To assess the prevalence of the urinary tract infection (UTI), urinary incontinence (UI), anal incontinence (AI) and dyspareunia among primiparous women, as well as to identify the association between dyspareunia and UI and mode of birth. Material and methods: Prospective observational study carried out with 96 post-partum women (72 normal births and 24 caesarean section), two and six months after birth. Data were collected via prenatal cards, medical registers and interviews with women between January and August, 2014, at the Centro do Parto Normal do Pronto Socorro e Maternidade Municipal Zoraide Eva das Dores, located in Itapecerica da Serra, São Paulo, and at Health Centers in the Itapecerica da Serra and the cities of Juquitiba, São Lourenço and Embú-Guaçú. Results: During pregnancy, 52.1% of women reported UTI and 30.2%, UI. Two and six months after birth, there was a prevalence of 4.2% and 11.8% of UTI, 17.7% and 11.8% of UI, 8.4% of AI (6.3% of flatus incontinence and 2.1% of feces) and 2.0% (only flatus incontinence; there was no faecal incontinence); and 48.1% and 17.8% of dyspareunia, respectively. There was no statistical association between the mode of delivery and dyspareunia and UI (p=0.742 and p=0.738; respectively). Conclusions: The most frequent pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFD) after birth were IU and dyspareunia. There was spontaneous reduction of the PFD in the sixth month after birth. The early identification of these diseases is extremely important to prevent, diagnose and treat any harm to women’s physical and emotional health.

Introduction: Ice pack is effective for alleviating postpartum perineal pain in primiparous women while multiparous women's levels of perineal pain appear to be poorly explored. Ice pack is a low-cost non-invasive localised treatment that can be used with no impact on breastfeeding. However, how long perineal analgesia persists after applying an ice pack is still unknown. Objective: To evaluate if perineal analgesia is maintained up to 2. h after applying an ice pack to the perineum for 20. min. Method: A quasi-experimental study, using a pre and post-test design, was undertaken with a sample size of 50 multiparous women in Brazil. Data was collected by structured interview. The intervention involved a single application of an ice pack applied for 20. min to the perineal area of women who reported perineal pain ≥3 by use of a numeric rating scale (0-10), with intact perineum, 1st or 2nd degree lacerations or episiotomy, between 6 and 24. h after spontaneous vaginal birth. Perineal pain was evaluated at three points of time: before, immediately after and 2. h after applying an ice pack. Results: Immediately after applying an ice pack to the perineal area, there was a significant reduction in the severity of perineal pain reported (5.4 vs. 1.0, p 0.0005), which continued for 1. h 35. min up to 2. h after the local application. Conclusion: Ice pack application for 20. min is effective for alleviating postpartum perineal pain and continues to be effective between 1. h 35. min for up to 2. h. Refereed/Peer-reviewed