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Hospitalizations due to primary care-sensitive conditions (PCSCs) can be considered a proxy for the effectiveness of primary healthcare (PHC), especially diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal, spatial, and space-time patterns of PCSCs associated with DM in a state in Northeast Brazil from 2008 to 2022. An ecological and time-series study that included all records related to PCSCs-DM from the 75 municipalities of Sergipe was conducted. Segmented linear regression, global (I) and local (LISA) Moran indices, spatial scanning, Spearman correlation tests, bivariate I, and LISA were used in our analysis to examine the temporal trends and clusters of high spatial risk. Overall, 14,390 PCSCs-DM were recorded between 2008 and 2022. There was a higher prevalence of PCSCs-DM among women (53.75%) and individuals over 70 years old (57.60%). Temporal trends in PCSCs-DM were increasing with regard to the overall rate (AAPC: 2.39); males (AAPC: 3.15); age groups ≤ 19 years (AAPC: 6.13), 20-39 years (AAPC: 4.50), and 40-59 years (AAPC: 2.56); and 3 out of the 7 health regions. There was a positive spatial correlation between per capita income (I = -0.23; p = 0.004) and diabetic foot examination being performed by a nurse in a PHC (I = -0.18; p = 0.019) setting. The heterogeneous spatial distribution of DM hospitalizations demonstrated that this condition is a persistent public health problem in Sergipe.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases cause the death of 17.5 million people every year. Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic exam that allows treatment followed by the examination and can cause some complications such as pain. From this perspective, music has alleviated suffering and promoted pain relief for patients. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy to relieve pain in adults and older adults during femoral arterial sheath removal after cardiac catheterization., Methods: This is a randomized controlled clinical trial, with two arms and a single-blind design to be carried out with 68 patients equally allocated into control and experimental groups. The intervention will be applied with the use of headphones without any musical transmission in the control group or with the patient's musical preference in the experimental group with sound intensity of 60 dB. These patients will be evaluated in three moments: immediately before, during and 15 min after the painful procedure. The primary outcome includes reduction of pain intensity verified by the Visual Analogue Scale and the secondary outcome corresponds to improvement of vital signs and vocal and facial pain expressions., Discussion: This study will allow by testing a non-pharmacological strategy to relieve pain during femoral sheath removal after cardiac catheterization, having its parameters evaluated at three moments: immediately before (30 min), during the procedure and 15 min after the painful procedure. It also enables the use of a low-cost, potentially effective resource that makes nursing care more humanized by improving user satisfaction with the service provided, in addition to reducing the need for post-procedure analgesics., Trial Registration: This study is registered on the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (REBEC) platform under number RBR-3t3qwp7 (05/04/2022) and was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte under CAAE 52,586,521.8.0000.5537 (11/11/2021)., (© 2022. The Author(s).)