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Purpose: To develop and validate the Brazilian Adductor Performance Test (BAPT) for predicting hip adductor muscle injuries in elite soccer athletes. Methods: A total of 108 soccer athletes were assessed, followed up for 3 months, and evaluated for a history of adductor injury 6 months before BAPT evaluation. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used as the normality test. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare BAPT scores between injured and uninjured athletes. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify the athletes' chances of injury based on their BAPT scores. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the cutoff point for the number of repetitions in the BAPT and Spearman bivariate correlation and identify factors potentially related to the test score. Furthermore, the intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine interexaminer agreement. The level of significance was set at 95%. Results: The BAPT scores for hip adductor injury history did not differ significantly (P =.08). A significant deficit was identified in the BAPT scores of the injured athletes at the 3-month follow-up (P =.001). The cutoff point identified was 33 repetitions. Low BAPT scores increased the chance of injury by 20% (odds ratio, 1.20%; P =.001). The interexaminer agreement was.96 (P =.001). Conclusion: BAPT can be used to identify athletes most likely to sustain hip adductor muscle injuries, indirectly reducing the rate of this injury in soccer clubs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Southern black drum (Pogonias courbina) is a species distributed along the western Atlantic Ocean, and it is the largest Sciaenidae observed in the coast of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. However, it is listed as a vulnerable species at The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™, and their fishing is prohibited. The objective of this study was to determine the sperm characteristics of P. courbina. Sperm samples of five young males (two-year-old fish) were collected through abdominal pressure. The sperm kinetics parameters were sperm motility (MOT) 10.7 ± 5.6%, curvilinear velocity (VCL) 120.07 ± 16.16 mm s ± 1, average path velocity (VAP) 75.64 ± 23.78 mm s ± 1, straight-line velocity (VSL) 62.49 ± 15.83 mm s ± 1, straightness (STR) 83.9 ± 5.3%, wobble (WOB) 61.9 ± 12.7%, beat cross frequency (BCF) 42.981 ± 4.627 Hz and progression (PRG) 1,805.4 ± 564.5 µm. The proportion of normal spermatozoa was 35.6 ± 6.1%. About the abnormalities observed, 22.7% occurred in the tail (short tail = 0.6 ± 0.5%, distally curled tail = 2.4 ± 1.6%, strongly curled tail = 1.9 ± 1.3%, broken tail = 7.9 ± 5.1%, folded tail = 5.5 ± 0.8%, loose tail = 4.4 ± 1.9%); 14.2% occurred in the head (degenerate head = 4.2 ± 1.6%, microcephaly = 1.8 ± 2.5%, loose head = 8.2 ± 2.1%) and 27.5% of the spermatozoa showed cytoplasmatic gouts (proximal gout = 20.0 ± 8.4%, distal gout = 7.5 ± 2.8%). Besides that, a correlation analysis was performed between sperm morphology and kinetics parameters, and the spermatozoa were measured for the morphometric parameters. There was a positive correlation between BCF and normal spermatozoa (r = 0.9269). A negative correlation occurred between BCF and loose head (r = -0.9047); WOB and strongly curled tail (r = -0.8911); and PROG and strongly curled tail (r = -0.9191). The morphometric measures found for the head were length of 2.50 ± 0.21 µm and width of 2.12 ± 0.22 µm, and for the tail it was length of 37.97 ± 2.01 µm. It was possible to verify that the animals have sperm characteristics that indicate reproductive aptitude, but an abnormal behavior on sperm activation and high presence of the cytoplasmic gout abnormality indicates that the animals are not fully mature in their first reproductive season. This work contributes to a better understanding of the P. courbina spermatic parameters, what can be allies to recovery this species population in nature and promote its production in fish farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: The current status of return-to-sport (RTS) criteria can be understood from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), which emphasizes an individual-centered approach and inclusion of all domains of human functioning, and ensures the multifactorial and biopsychosocial nature of decision-making. Objective: To analyze the inclusion of biopsychosocial model domains in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for RTS after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, as well as the quality of these CPGs. Study Design: Systematic review of CPGs. Level of Evidence: Level 1. Search Strategy: Two independent reviewers developed the search strategy, and a third reviewer corrected and compiled the developed strategies used. Data Sources: Ovid/Medline, Embase, and PEDro without restriction dates. Study Selection: CPGs for RTS after ACL injury at any age or sport level, and published in English. Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers codified the RTS criteria recommended in the CPGs according to the ICF domains, and the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II Checklist) was used for critical appraisal. Results: A total of 715 records were identified, and 7 CPGs were included. Frequency distribution of the biopsychosocial model domains was as follows: body functions (37.77%), activity and participation (20.00%), body structure (13.33%), environmental factors (11.11%), and personal factors (8.88%). In the AGREE II Checklist, the lowest mean domain scores were for rigor of development (37.86 ± 36.35) and applicability (49.29 ± 22.30), and 71.42% were of low or moderate quality. Conclusion: The CPGs cannot address the biopsychosocial model domains satisfactorily and some do not address all the ICF conceptual model components, emphasizing body functions and activity and participation domains. Therefore, the functioning model advocated by the World Health Organization has not yet been adequately incorporated into the recommendations for RTS after ACL injury. Moreover, most CPGs are of limited quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista em Agronegócio e Meio Ambiente is the property of Revista em Agronegocio e Meio Ambiente and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Lung ultrasound is a well-defined diagnostic modality in the point of care emergency medicine concept. In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the lung ultrasound assumed an essential role in this disease, with a valid correlation of the imaging results with computed tomography. Recognize how the diagnostic possibilities of ultrasound in the approach of COVID- 19 and its differential diagnoses are fundamental. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by diffuse inflammatory lung injury and is classified as mild, moderate, and severe. Clinically, hypoxemia, bilateral opacities in lung images, and decreased pulmonary compliance are observed. Sepsis is one of the most prevalent causes of this condition (30 - 50%). Among the direct causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome, chlorine inhalation is an uncommon cause, generating mucosal and airway irritation in most cases. We present a case of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome after accidental inhalation of chlorine in a swimming pool, with noninvasive ventilation used as a treatment with good response in this case. We classified severe acute respiratory distress syndrome based on an oxygen partial pressure/oxygen inspired fraction ratio <100, although the Berlin classification is limited in considering patients with severe hypoxemia managed exclusively with noninvasive ventilation. The failure rate of noninvasive ventilation in cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome is approximately 52% and is associated with higher mortality. The possible complications of using noninvasive positive-pressure mechanical ventilation in cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome include delays in orotracheal intubation, which is performed in cases of poor clinical condition and with high support pressure levels, and deep inspiratory efforts, generating high tidal volumes and excessive transpulmonary pressures, which contribute to ventilation-related lung injury. Despite these complications, some studies have shown a decrease in the rates of orotracheal intubation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome with low severity scores, hemodynamic stability, and the absence of other organ dysfunctions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto is the property of Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Desporto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum: Biological Sciences is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neuromuscular efficiency of the vastus medialis obliquus and postural balance in high-performance soccer athletes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, compared to the uninvolved leg. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 22 male professional soccer players after ACL reconstruction (4-12 months postoperatively). The athletes were submitted to functional rehabilitation with an accelerated protocol on the soccer team. They were evaluated using isokinetic dynamometer, surface electromyography and electronic baropodometer. There was no decrease or difference between neuromuscular efficiency of the VMO when comparing both the limbs after ACL reconstruction in the professional soccer athletes under treatment. The same result was found in postural balance. It can be concluded that the NME of the VMO in the involved member and postural balance were successfully re-established after the reconstruction procedure of the ACL in the sample group studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Capoeira is a cultural practice with Brazilian roots that combines several elements including dance, fighting and body rhythm. Because of the diverse elements involved in its practice, capoeira is excellent at developing the physical and social abilities of its players. The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical profile of muscle strength, plantar pressure distribution, and postural balance between players and non-players of capoeira., Methods: We evaluated 51 subjects who were allocated into two groups: capoeira group and control group. Subjects were evaluated using a baropodometer (Diasu ® ) and an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex ® )., Results: When comparing plantar pressure distribution between groups and limbs, there were significant differences in mean load of forefoot ( p =0.008) and total load ( p =0.001). There were no significant differences between groups and limbs in balance and muscle strength; however, a significant difference was found in quadriceps torque peak ( p =0.001) and agonist/antagonist ratio ( p =0.001) when comparing these variables between the groups., Conclusion: Capoeira players displayed a tendency to have an asymmetric profile in plantar pressure distribution. No difference was found in balance between groups. Despite the fact that capoeira players showed increased strength of the quadriceps muscle, their agonist/antagonist ratio was more asymmetrical than the control group., Level of Evidence: IV., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The Author has no financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence their work.

Background: Running has been one of the main choices of physical activity in people seeking an active lifestyle. The Functional Movement Screen (FMS™) is a screening tool that aims to discern movement competency., Purpose: The purposes of this study were to compare biomechanical characteristics between two groups rated using the composite FMS™ score, and to analyze the influence of specific individual tests. The hypothesis was that the group that scored above 14 would demonstrate better performance on biomechanical tests than the group that scored below 14., Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study., Methods: Runners were screened using the FMS™ and were dichotomized into groups based on final score: Functional, where the subjects scored a 14 or greater (G≥14, n = 16) and dysfunctional, when the subjects scored less than 14 (G < 14, n = 16). All runners were evaluated using measures for flexibility, postural balance, muscle strength, knee dynamic valgus during forward step down test and time for the electromyographic response of the transversus abdominis and fibularis longus muscles. All data were analyzed with SPSS ( p  ≤ 0.05) and the index of asymmetry (IS) was calculated with the mean score of nondominant limb divided by the mean score of the dominant limb, multiplied by 100., Results: There were no statistically significant differences in flexibility, muscle strength, knee dynamic valgus, or myoelectric response time of the transversus abdominis and long fibular muscles. Index of asymmetry (IS) of global stability was 3.26 ± 26.79% in G≥14 and 31.72 ± 52.69% in G<14 ( p  = 0.02). In-line lunge and active straight-leg raise tests showed no significant difference between the groups ( p  > 0.05)., Conclusions: Overall, there were no biomechanical differences between the groups of runners as classified by the FMS™. In addition, in-line lunge and active strength-leg raise tests did not influence on the FMS™ final score., Level of Evidence: 2b.

Background: Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes can be divided into two combat styles: pass fighters (PFs) and guard fighters (GFs). Flexibility of the posterior chain muscles is highly necessary in these athletes, especially in GFs. On the other hand, isometric strength of the trunk extensors is required in PFs. Handgrip strength is important in holding the kimono of the opponent, and symmetrical lower-limb strength is important for the prevention of injuries due to the overload caused by training., Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical profiles of BJJ athletes with different combat styles using the following outcome measures: flexibility, trunk extensor isometric endurance, postural balance, handgrip isometric endurance and lower-limb muscle strength., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using 19 GFs and 19 PFs. The sit-and-reach test was used to evaluate the flexibility of the posterior chain muscles. The Biodex Balance System® was used to evaluate balance. A handgrip dynamometer and a dorsal dynamometer were used to evaluate handgrip and trunk extensor endurance, respectively. Quadriceps and hamstring strength were evaluated with an isokinetic dynamometer at 60 °/s., Results: No differences were observed between groups in terms of flexibility, balance, handgrip isometric endurance or quadriceps and hamstring strength; however, PFs (81.33) showed more isometric trunk extension endurance than GFs (68.85) ( p = 0.02). Both groups had low values for hamstring/quadriceps ratio., Conclusion: No significant biomechanical differences were observed between PFs and GFs., Level of Evidence: 2b.

Background: Measurements from pressure biofeedback units (PBUs) can be used to evaluate the activity of the transversus abdominis (TrA) muscle indirectly. These measurements can classify patients or monitor the progress of treatment programmes for people with low back pain., Objective: To systematically review studies on the measurement properties of PBUs for the assessment of TrA activity., Data Sources: Eligible studies were identified through searches of PUBMED, CINAHL and BIREME (1990 to 2009). In addition, hand searches of journals and citation tracking were performed., Study Selection: Full-text studies involving any type of clinimetric tests of PBU measurement for the assessment of TrA activity were selected., Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers selected the studies, extracted the data and assessed methodological quality., Data Synthesis: Due to the heterogeneity of study designs and statistical analysis, it was not possible to pool the data for a meta-analysis., Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies were typically of low quality and recruited healthy subjects rather than patients with low back pain. The studies found moderate to good reproducibility (intra-class correlation coefficients from 0.47 to 0.82) and acceptable construct validity (intra-class correlation coefficients from 0.48 to 0.90)., Conclusions: The current evidence about the measurement properties of PBUs for the assessment of TrA activity is mainly based on studies with suboptimal designs, and the findings from these studies are likely to be overly optimistic. The most important clinical questions about the measurement properties of PBUs for the assessment of TrA activity are yet to be answered., (Copyright © 2010 Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)