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Sephadex gel filtration can be used to study how dissolved humic substances (DHS) affect the speciation of iron and phosophate where waters have different pH, DHS content and ionic strength, and the results have a useful role to play in predicting primary production in freshwaters. DHS determines the movement of phosphate and iron at the same time to fractions of larger apparent molecular size, with movement falling as pH reduced. The effects of ionic strength, DHS and pH on abiotic changes of phosphate and iron in epilimnetic lake waters are summarised.

The article considered that noise from Oil & Gas facilities in Alberta is regulated by the Alberta Energy Regulator (AER) in Directive 038, Noise Control, while noise from utilities is regulated by the Alberta Utilities Commission (AUC) in Rule 012, Noise Control. Topics include examines that both documents are very similar and in British Columbia (BC) the Oil & Gas Commission regulates noise from Oil & Gas facilities in the "British Columbia Noise Control Best Practices Guideline".

Since the 1950s the family farm has been an uncontested and self-evident component of Dutch agricultural policy and in the social sciences. But the guiding image for designing agriculture's future was consistently based on a rejection of the family. As such the ‘ideology of family farming’, conserving and protecting an 'agrarian ethic', never played a noticeable role in agricultural policy. Instead, family farming was perceived as a personal enterprise, detached from family influences and based on rational entrepreneurial skills. It was an ideological model that rejected traditional family farming and industrial farming based on wage labour. Its strength lay in providing a standard for the level of modernization to be achieved, whether technological, economic or in terms of lifestyle. The prominent place of the family idiom in public discourse is explained as a political strategy to minimize political controversy. The paper also shows the inherent cultural inconsistencies in the guiding image of farm modernization. It is concluded that combining elements of family farming and industrial farming reflected a modernization paradigm, which was hardly in touch with empirical reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses various reports published within the issue, including the rural social research in retrospect and the continual reinvention of rural sociology.

The problem of family farming is approached from different angles in three empirical studies on the Great Britain, Norway, and a village in the south of France. The three studies all describes the survival and revival of the family farm in a period of capitalist and industrial development. In the first paper Michael Winter examines the Milk Marketing Board in the Great Britain as a particular aspect of policy management by the state. Using Panitch' theory of corporatism, Winter shows that the MMB is a state-induced collaboration between different classes of agricultural producers, acting as a powerful agent in the implementation of state policy. The third paper by koel Puijk has a different perspective. It starts with a review of some French theories of agricultural development and capitalism. Puijk criticizes these theories for not taking into account the internal dynamics of the agricultural production unit. The failure or success to adapt to changing circumstances depends on the familial situation, personal factors and desired standards of living. Puijk develops a framework based on Chayanov's consumer/producer ratio and uses this to analyse the survival strategies of winegrowers. In his paper Puijk touches upon an important point, which is neglected in the sociology of agriculture. The reproduction of family farmers has often been seen in purely economic, technical and physical terms.