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1. Dynamic surgical anatomy using 3D reconstruction technology in complex hepato-biliary surgery with vascular involvement. Results from an international multicentric survey

Author

Cotsoglou, C, Granieri, S, Bassetto, S, Bagnardi, V, Pugliese, R, Grazi, G, Guglielmi, A, Ruzzenente, A, Aldrighetti, L, Ratti, F, De Carlis, L, De Carlis, R, Centonze, L, De Angelis, N, Memeo, R, Delvecchio, A, Felli, E, Izzo, F, Belli, A, Patrone, R, Ettorre, G, Berardi, G, Di Benedetto, F, Di Sandro, S, Romano, F, Garancini, M, Scotti, M, Bianchi, G, Germini, A, Gjoni, E, Bonomi, A, Bruno, F, Paleino, S, Pugliese, G, Cotsoglou C., Granieri S., Bassetto S., Bagnardi V., Pugliese R., Grazi G. L., Guglielmi A., Ruzzenente A., Aldrighetti L., Ratti F., De Carlis L., De Carlis R., Centonze L., De Angelis N., Memeo R., Delvecchio A., Felli E., Izzo F., Belli A., Patrone R., Ettorre G. M., Berardi G., Di Benedetto F., Di Sandro S., Romano F., Garancini M., Scotti M. A., Bianchi G., Germini A., Gjoni E., Bonomi A., Bruno F., Paleino S., Pugliese G., Cotsoglou, C, Granieri, S, Bassetto, S, Bagnardi, V, Pugliese, R, Grazi, G, Guglielmi, A, Ruzzenente, A, Aldrighetti, L, Ratti, F, De Carlis, L, De Carlis, R, Centonze, L, De Angelis, N, Memeo, R, Delvecchio, A, Felli, E, Izzo, F, Belli, A, Patrone, R, Ettorre, G, Berardi, G, Di Benedetto, F, Di Sandro, S, Romano, F, Garancini, M, Scotti, M, Bianchi, G, Germini, A, Gjoni, E, Bonomi, A, Bruno, F, Paleino, S, Pugliese, G, Cotsoglou C., Granieri S., Bassetto S., Bagnardi V., Pugliese R., Grazi G. L., Guglielmi A., Ruzzenente A., Aldrighetti L., Ratti F., De Carlis L., De Carlis R., Centonze L., De Angelis N., Memeo R., Delvecchio A., Felli E., Izzo F., Belli A., Patrone R., Ettorre G. M., Berardi G., Di Benedetto F., Di Sandro S., Romano F., Garancini M., Scotti M. A., Bianchi G., Germini A., Gjoni E., Bonomi A., Bruno F., Paleino S., and Pugliese G.

Abstract

Introduction: Three-dimensional liver modeling can lead to substantial changes in choosing the type and extension of liver resection. This study aimed to explore whether 3D reconstruction helps to better understand the relationship between liver tumors and neighboring vascular structures compared to standard 2D CT scan images. Methods: Contrast-enhanced CT scan images of 11 patients suffering from primary and secondary hepatic tumors were selected. Twenty-three experienced HBP surgeons participated to the survey. A standardized questionnaire outlining 16 different vascular structures (items) having a potential relationship with the tumor was provided. Intraoperative and histopathological findings were used as the reference standard. The proper hypothesis was that 3D accuracy is greater than 2D. As a secondary endpoint, inter-raters’ agreement was explored. Results: The mean difference between 3D and 2D, was 2.6 points (SE: 0.40; 95 % CI: 1.7–3.5; p < 0.0001). After sensitivity analysis, the results favored 3D visualization as well (mean difference 1.7 points; SE: 0.32; 95 % CI: 1.0–2.5; p = 0.0004). The inter-raters’ agreement was moderate for both methods (2D: W = 0.45; 3D: W = 0.44). Conclusion: 3D reconstruction may give a significant contribution to better understanding liver vascular anatomy and the precise relationship between the tumor and the neighboring structures.

Published
2024

3. Portal vein thrombosis and liver transplantation: management, matching, and outcomes: a retrospective multicenter cohort study

Author

Di Benedetto, F, Magistri, P, Di Sandro, S, Boetto, R, Tandoi, F, Camagni, S, Lauterio, A, Pagano, D, Nicolini, D, Violi, P, Dondossola, D, Guglielmo, N, Cherchi, V, Lai, Q, Toti, L, Bongini, M, Frassoni, S, Bagnardi, V, Mazzaferro, V, Tisone, G, Rossi, M, Baccarani, U, Ettorre, G, Caccamo, L, Carraro, A, Vivarelli, M, Gruttadauria, S, De Carlis, L, Colledan, M, Romagnoli, R, Cillo, U, Di Benedetto, Fabrizio, Magistri, Paolo, Di Sandro, Stefano, Boetto, Riccardo, Tandoi, Francesco, Camagni, Stefania, Lauterio, Andrea, Pagano, Duilio, Nicolini, Daniele, Violi, Paola, Dondossola, Daniele, Guglielmo, Nicola, Cherchi, Vittorio, Lai, Quirino, Toti, Luca, Bongini, Marco, Frassoni, Samuele, Bagnardi, Vincenzo, Mazzaferro, Vincenzo, Tisone, Giuseppe, Rossi, Massimo, Baccarani, Umberto, Ettorre, Giuseppe Maria, Caccamo, Lucio, Carraro, Amedeo, Vivarelli, Marco, Gruttadauria, Salvatore, De Carlis, Luciano, Colledan, Michele, Romagnoli, Renato, Cillo, Umberto, Di Benedetto, F, Magistri, P, Di Sandro, S, Boetto, R, Tandoi, F, Camagni, S, Lauterio, A, Pagano, D, Nicolini, D, Violi, P, Dondossola, D, Guglielmo, N, Cherchi, V, Lai, Q, Toti, L, Bongini, M, Frassoni, S, Bagnardi, V, Mazzaferro, V, Tisone, G, Rossi, M, Baccarani, U, Ettorre, G, Caccamo, L, Carraro, A, Vivarelli, M, Gruttadauria, S, De Carlis, L, Colledan, M, Romagnoli, R, Cillo, U, Di Benedetto, Fabrizio, Magistri, Paolo, Di Sandro, Stefano, Boetto, Riccardo, Tandoi, Francesco, Camagni, Stefania, Lauterio, Andrea, Pagano, Duilio, Nicolini, Daniele, Violi, Paola, Dondossola, Daniele, Guglielmo, Nicola, Cherchi, Vittorio, Lai, Quirino, Toti, Luca, Bongini, Marco, Frassoni, Samuele, Bagnardi, Vincenzo, Mazzaferro, Vincenzo, Tisone, Giuseppe, Rossi, Massimo, Baccarani, Umberto, Ettorre, Giuseppe Maria, Caccamo, Lucio, Carraro, Amedeo, Vivarelli, Marco, Gruttadauria, Salvatore, De Carlis, Luciano, Colledan, Michele, Romagnoli, Renato, and Cillo, Umberto

Abstract

Background and aims: Besides the increased risk of perioperative morbidity, graft failure, and mortality, the majority of PVT are diagnosed at liver transplantation (LT). Improving preoperative management and patient selection may lead to better short-term and long-term outcomes and reduce the risk of a futile LT. The authors aimed to identify predictors of adverse outcomes after LT in patients with nonmalignant portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and improve donor to recipient matching by analyzing the results of the Italian cohort of LT recipients. Methods: Adult patients who underwent LT in Italy between January 2000 and February 2020 diagnosed with PVT pre-LT or at time of LT were considered eligible for inclusion. Based on a survey encompassing all 26 surgeons participating in the study, a binary composite outcome was defined. Patients were classified as having the composite event if at least one of these conditions occurred: operative time more than 600 min, estimated blood loss greater than 5000 ml, more than 20 ICU days, 90 days mortality, 90 days retransplant. Results: Seven hundred fourteen patients were screened and 698 met the inclusion criteria. The analysis reports the results of 568 patients that fulfilled the criteria to enter the composite outcome analysis.Overall, 156 patients (27.5%) developed the composite outcome. PVT stage 3/4 at transplant and need for any surgical correction of PVT are independent predictors of the composite outcome occurrence. When stratified by PVT grade, overall survival at 1-year ranges from 89.0% with PVT grade 0/1 to 67.4% in patients with PVT grade 3/4 at LT (P<0.001). Nevertheless, patients with severe PVT can improve their survival when identified risk factors are not present. Conclusions: Potential LT candidates affected by PVT have a benefit from LT that should be adequately balanced on liver function and type of inflow reconstruction needed to mitigate the incidence of adverse events. Nonetheless, the absenc

Published
2024

4. Survival benefit of second line therapies for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: repeated hepatectomy, thermoablation and second-line transplant referral in a real life national scenario

Author

Famularo, S, Cillo, U, Lauterio, A, Donadon, M, Vitale, A, Serenari, M, Cipriani, F, Fazio, F, Giuffrida, M, Ardito, F, Dominioni, T, Garancini, M, Lai, Q, Nicolini, D, Molfino, S, Perri, P, Pinotti, E, Conci, S, Ferrari, C, Zanello, M, Patauner, S, Zimmitti, G, Germani, P, Chiarelli, M, Romano, M, De Angelis, M, La Barba, G, Troci, A, Ferraro, V, Izzo, F, Antonucci, A, Belli, A, Memeo, R, Crespi, M, Ercolani, G, Boccia, L, Zanus, G, Tarchi, P, Hilal, M, Frena, A, Jovine, E, Griseri, G, Ruzzenente, A, Zago, M, Grazi, G, Baiocchi, G, Vivarelli, M, Rossi, M, Romano, F, Maestri, M, Giuliante, F, Valle, R, Ferrero, A, Aldrighetti, L, De Carlis, L, Cescon, M, Torzilli, G, Milana, F, Bertacco, A, De Carlis, R, Ratti, F, Russolillo, N, Iaria, M, Razionale, F, Tartaglia, G, Ciulli, C, Carissimi, F, Laureiro, Z, Marinelli, L, Depeppo, V, Montuori, M, Marchitelli, I, Franceschi, A, Notte, F, Manzoni, A, Cosola, D, Corleone, P, Fumagalli, L, Salvador, L, Mantovani, G, Cucchetti, A, Cammarata, F, Conticchio, M, Patrone, R, Bernasconi, D, Famularo S., Cillo U., Lauterio A., Donadon M., Vitale A., Serenari M., Cipriani F., Fazio F., Giuffrida M., Ardito F., Dominioni T., Garancini M., Lai Q., Nicolini D., Molfino S., Perri P., Pinotti E., Conci S., Ferrari C., Zanello M., Patauner S., Zimmitti G., Germani P., Chiarelli M., Romano M., De Angelis M., La Barba G., Troci A., Ferraro V., Izzo F., Antonucci A., Belli A., Memeo R., Crespi M., Ercolani G., Boccia L., Zanus G., Tarchi P., Hilal M. A., Frena A., Jovine E., Griseri G., Ruzzenente A., Zago M., Grazi G., Baiocchi G. L., Vivarelli M., Rossi M., Romano F., Maestri M., Giuliante F., Valle R. D., Ferrero A., Aldrighetti L., De Carlis L., Cescon M., Torzilli G., Milana F., Bertacco A., De Carlis R., Ratti F., Russolillo N., Iaria M., Razionale F., Tartaglia G., Ciulli C., Carissimi F., Laureiro Z. L., Marinelli L., DePeppo V., Montuori M., Marchitelli I., Franceschi A., Notte F., Manzoni A., Cosola D., Corleone P., Fumagalli L., Salvador L., Mantovani G., Cucchetti A., Cammarata F., Conticchio M., Patrone R., Bernasconi D. P., Famularo, S, Cillo, U, Lauterio, A, Donadon, M, Vitale, A, Serenari, M, Cipriani, F, Fazio, F, Giuffrida, M, Ardito, F, Dominioni, T, Garancini, M, Lai, Q, Nicolini, D, Molfino, S, Perri, P, Pinotti, E, Conci, S, Ferrari, C, Zanello, M, Patauner, S, Zimmitti, G, Germani, P, Chiarelli, M, Romano, M, De Angelis, M, La Barba, G, Troci, A, Ferraro, V, Izzo, F, Antonucci, A, Belli, A, Memeo, R, Crespi, M, Ercolani, G, Boccia, L, Zanus, G, Tarchi, P, Hilal, M, Frena, A, Jovine, E, Griseri, G, Ruzzenente, A, Zago, M, Grazi, G, Baiocchi, G, Vivarelli, M, Rossi, M, Romano, F, Maestri, M, Giuliante, F, Valle, R, Ferrero, A, Aldrighetti, L, De Carlis, L, Cescon, M, Torzilli, G, Milana, F, Bertacco, A, De Carlis, R, Ratti, F, Russolillo, N, Iaria, M, Razionale, F, Tartaglia, G, Ciulli, C, Carissimi, F, Laureiro, Z, Marinelli, L, Depeppo, V, Montuori, M, Marchitelli, I, Franceschi, A, Notte, F, Manzoni, A, Cosola, D, Corleone, P, Fumagalli, L, Salvador, L, Mantovani, G, Cucchetti, A, Cammarata, F, Conticchio, M, Patrone, R, Bernasconi, D, Famularo S., Cillo U., Lauterio A., Donadon M., Vitale A., Serenari M., Cipriani F., Fazio F., Giuffrida M., Ardito F., Dominioni T., Garancini M., Lai Q., Nicolini D., Molfino S., Perri P., Pinotti E., Conci S., Ferrari C., Zanello M., Patauner S., Zimmitti G., Germani P., Chiarelli M., Romano M., De Angelis M., La Barba G., Troci A., Ferraro V., Izzo F., Antonucci A., Belli A., Memeo R., Crespi M., Ercolani G., Boccia L., Zanus G., Tarchi P., Hilal M. A., Frena A., Jovine E., Griseri G., Ruzzenente A., Zago M., Grazi G., Baiocchi G. L., Vivarelli M., Rossi M., Romano F., Maestri M., Giuliante F., Valle R. D., Ferrero A., Aldrighetti L., De Carlis L., Cescon M., Torzilli G., Milana F., Bertacco A., De Carlis R., Ratti F., Russolillo N., Iaria M., Razionale F., Tartaglia G., Ciulli C., Carissimi F., Laureiro Z. L., Marinelli L., DePeppo V., Montuori M., Marchitelli I., Franceschi A., Notte F., Manzoni A., Cosola D., Corleone P., Fumagalli L., Salvador L., Mantovani G., Cucchetti A., Cammarata F., Conticchio M., Patrone R., and Bernasconi D. P.

Abstract

Background: Despite second-line transplant(SLT) for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(rHCC) leads to the longest survival after recurrence(SAR), its real applicability has never been reported. The aim was to compare the SAR of SLT versus repeated hepatectomy and thermoablation(CUR group). Methods: Patients were enrolled from the Italian register HE.RC.O.LE.S. between 2008 and 2021. Two groups were created: CUR versus SLT. A propensity score matching (PSM) was run to balance the groups. Results: 743 patients were enrolled, CUR = 611 and SLT = 132. Median age at recurrence was 71(IQR 6575) years old and 60(IQR 53-64, p < 0.001) for CUR and SLT respectively. After PSM, median SAR for CUR was 43 months(95%CI = 37 – 93) and not reached for SLT(p < 0.001). SLT patients gained a survival benefit of 9.4 months if compared with CUR. MilanCriteria(MC)-In patients were 82.7% of the CUR group. SLT(HR 0.386, 95%CI = 0.23 – 0.63, p < 0.001) and the MELD score(HR 1.169, 95%CI = 1.07 – 1.27, p < 0.001) were the only predictors of mortality. In case of MC-Out, the only predictor of mortality was the number of nodules at recurrence(HR 1.45, 95%CI= 1.09 – 1.93, p = 0.011). Conclusion: It emerged an important transplant under referral in favour of repeated hepatectomy or thermoablation. In patients with MC-Out relapse, the benefit of SLT over CUR was not observed.

Published
2023

5. Improving outcomes of in situ split liver transplantation in Italy over the last 25 years

Author

Lauterio, A, Cillo, U, Spada, M, Trapani, S, De Carlis, R, Bottino, G, Bernasconi, D, Scalamogna, C, Pinelli, D, Cintorino, D, D'Amico, F, Spagnoletti, G, Miggino, M, Romagnoli, R, Centonze, L, Caccamo, L, Baccarani, U, Carraro, A, Cescon, M, Vivarelli, M, Mazaferro, V, Ettorre, G, Rossi, M, Vennarecci, G, De Simone, P, Angelico, R, Agnes, S, Di Benedetto, F, Lupo, L, Zamboni, F, Zefelippo, A, Patrono, D, Diviacco, P, Laureiro, Z, Gringeri, E, Di Francesco, F, Lucianetti, A, Valsecchi, M, Gruttadauria, S, De Feo, T, Cardillo, M, De Carlis, L, Colledan, M, Andorno, E, Lauterio A., Cillo U., Spada M., Trapani S., De Carlis R., Bottino G., Bernasconi D., Scalamogna C., Pinelli D., Cintorino D., D'Amico F. E., Spagnoletti G., Miggino M., Romagnoli R., Centonze L., Caccamo L., Baccarani U., Carraro A., Cescon M., Vivarelli M., Mazaferro V., Ettorre G. M., Rossi M., Vennarecci G., De Simone P., Angelico R., Agnes S., Di Benedetto F., Lupo L. G., Zamboni F., Zefelippo A., Patrono D., Diviacco P., Laureiro Z. L., Gringeri E., Di Francesco F., Lucianetti A., Valsecchi M. G., Gruttadauria S., De Feo T., Cardillo M., De Carlis L., Colledan M., Andorno E., Lauterio, A, Cillo, U, Spada, M, Trapani, S, De Carlis, R, Bottino, G, Bernasconi, D, Scalamogna, C, Pinelli, D, Cintorino, D, D'Amico, F, Spagnoletti, G, Miggino, M, Romagnoli, R, Centonze, L, Caccamo, L, Baccarani, U, Carraro, A, Cescon, M, Vivarelli, M, Mazaferro, V, Ettorre, G, Rossi, M, Vennarecci, G, De Simone, P, Angelico, R, Agnes, S, Di Benedetto, F, Lupo, L, Zamboni, F, Zefelippo, A, Patrono, D, Diviacco, P, Laureiro, Z, Gringeri, E, Di Francesco, F, Lucianetti, A, Valsecchi, M, Gruttadauria, S, De Feo, T, Cardillo, M, De Carlis, L, Colledan, M, Andorno, E, Lauterio A., Cillo U., Spada M., Trapani S., De Carlis R., Bottino G., Bernasconi D., Scalamogna C., Pinelli D., Cintorino D., D'Amico F. E., Spagnoletti G., Miggino M., Romagnoli R., Centonze L., Caccamo L., Baccarani U., Carraro A., Cescon M., Vivarelli M., Mazaferro V., Ettorre G. M., Rossi M., Vennarecci G., De Simone P., Angelico R., Agnes S., Di Benedetto F., Lupo L. G., Zamboni F., Zefelippo A., Patrono D., Diviacco P., Laureiro Z. L., Gringeri E., Di Francesco F., Lucianetti A., Valsecchi M. G., Gruttadauria S., De Feo T., Cardillo M., De Carlis L., Colledan M., and Andorno E.

Abstract

Background & Aims: Split liver transplant(ation) (SLT) is still considered a challenging procedure that is by no means widely accepted. We aimed to present data on 25-year trends in SLT in Italy, and to investigate if, and to what extent, outcomes have improved nationwide during this time. Methods: The study included all consecutive SLTs performed from May 1993 to December 2019, divided into three consecutive periods: 1993–2005, 2006–2014, and 2015–2019, which match changes in national allocation policies. Primary outcomes were patient and graft survival, and the relative impact of each study period. Results: SLT accounted for 8.9% of all liver transplants performed in Italy. A total of 1,715 in situ split liver grafts were included in the analysis: 868 left lateral segments (LLSs) and 847 extended right grafts (ERGs). A significant improvement in patient and graft survival (p <0.001) was observed with ERGs over the three periods. Predictors of graft survival were cold ischaemia time (CIT) <6 h (p = 0.009), UNOS status 2b (p <0.001), UNOS status 3 (p = 0.009), and transplant centre volumes: 25–50 cases vs. <25 cases (p = 0.003). Patient survival was significantly higher with LLS grafts in period 2 vs. period 1 (p = 0.008). No significant improvement in graft survival was seen over the three periods, where predictors of graft survival were CIT <6 h (p = 0.007), CIT <6 h vs. ≥10 h (p = 0.019), UNOS status 2b (p = 0.038), and UNOS status 3 (p = 0.009). Retransplantation was a risk factor in split liver graft recipients, with significantly worse graft and patient survival for both types of graft (p <0.001). Conclusions: Our analysis showed Italian SLT outcomes to have improved over the last 25 years. These results could help to dispel reservations regarding the use of this procedure. Impact and implications: Split liver transplant(ation) (SLT) is still considered a challenging procedure and is by no means widely accepted. This study included all

Published
2023

6. The impact of postoperative complications on oncological outcomes of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: A competing risk analysis

Author

Incarbone, N, De Carlis, R, Centonze, L, Bernasconi, D, Valsecchi, M, Lauterio, A, De Carlis, L, Incarbone N., De Carlis R., Centonze L., Bernasconi D. P., Valsecchi M. G., Lauterio A., De Carlis L., Incarbone, N, De Carlis, R, Centonze, L, Bernasconi, D, Valsecchi, M, Lauterio, A, De Carlis, L, Incarbone N., De Carlis R., Centonze L., Bernasconi D. P., Valsecchi M. G., Lauterio A., and De Carlis L.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the influence of postoperative complications on tumor-related (TRD), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing liver transplant (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 425 LTs for HCC from 2010 to 2019. Postoperative complications were classified according to Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI) and the posttransplant risk of TRD assessed through Metroticket 2.0 calculator. The population was stratified into high-risk and low-risk cohorts based on the predicted TRD risk of 80%. In a second step, we re-evaluated TRD, DFS and OS of both cohorts according to a further stratification based on 47.3 points of CCI cut-off. Results: In the low-risk cohort, we observed a significantly better DFS (84% vs. 46%, p<0.001), TRD (3% vs. 26%, p<0.001) and OS (89% vs. 62%, p<0.001) in the group with CCI < 47.3. In the high-risk cohort, patients with CCI < 47.3 had significantly better DFS (50% vs. 23%, p = 0.003) and OS (68% vs. 42%, p = 0.02) and a comparable TRD (22% vs. 31%, p = 0.142). Conclusions: A complicated postoperative course negatively influenced long-term survival. This poorer oncological outcome associated with in-hospital postoperative complications suggests that every effort should be made to improve the early posttransplant course in HCC patients, including a careful donor-to recipient match and use of new perfusion technologies.

Published
2023

7. The Italian data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in transplanted patients support an organ specific immune response in liver recipients

Author

Rendina, M, Barone, M, Lillo, C, Trapani, S, Masiero, L, Trerotoli, P, Puoti, F, Lupo, L, Tandoi, F, Agnes, S, Grieco, A, Andorno, E, Marenco, S, Giannini, E, Baccarani, U, Toniutto, P, Carraro, A, Colecchia, A, Cescon, M, Morelli, M, Cillo, U, Burra, P, Angeli, P, Colledan, M, Fagiuoli, S, De Carlis, L, Belli, L, De Simone, P, Carrai, P, Di Benedetto, F, De Maria, N, Ettorre, G, Giannelli, V, Gruttadauria, S, Volpes, R, Corsale, S, Mazzaferro, V, Bhoori, S, Romagnoli, R, Martini, S, Rossi, G, Caccamo, L, Donato, M, Rossi, M, Ginanni Corradini, S, Spada, M, Maggiore, G, Tisone, G, Lenci, I, Vennarecci, G, Tortora, R, Vivarelli, M, Svegliati Baroni, G, Zamboni, F, Mameli, L, Tafuri, S, Simone, S, Gesualdo, L, Cardillo, M, Di Leo, A, Rendina M., Barone M., Lillo C., Trapani S., Masiero L., Trerotoli P., Puoti F., Lupo L. G., Tandoi F., Agnes S., Grieco A., Andorno E., Marenco S., Giannini E. G., Baccarani U., Toniutto P., Carraro A., Colecchia A., Cescon M., Morelli M. C., Cillo U., Burra P., Angeli P., Colledan M., Fagiuoli S., De Carlis L., Belli L., De Simone P., Carrai P., Di Benedetto F., De Maria N., Ettorre G. M., Giannelli V., Gruttadauria S., Volpes R., Corsale S., Mazzaferro V., Bhoori S., Romagnoli R., Martini S., Rossi G., Caccamo L., Donato M. F., Rossi M., Ginanni Corradini S., Spada M., Maggiore G., Tisone G., Lenci I., Vennarecci G., Tortora R., Vivarelli M., Svegliati Baroni G., Zamboni F., Mameli L., Tafuri S., Simone S., Gesualdo L., Cardillo M., Di Leo A., Rendina, M, Barone, M, Lillo, C, Trapani, S, Masiero, L, Trerotoli, P, Puoti, F, Lupo, L, Tandoi, F, Agnes, S, Grieco, A, Andorno, E, Marenco, S, Giannini, E, Baccarani, U, Toniutto, P, Carraro, A, Colecchia, A, Cescon, M, Morelli, M, Cillo, U, Burra, P, Angeli, P, Colledan, M, Fagiuoli, S, De Carlis, L, Belli, L, De Simone, P, Carrai, P, Di Benedetto, F, De Maria, N, Ettorre, G, Giannelli, V, Gruttadauria, S, Volpes, R, Corsale, S, Mazzaferro, V, Bhoori, S, Romagnoli, R, Martini, S, Rossi, G, Caccamo, L, Donato, M, Rossi, M, Ginanni Corradini, S, Spada, M, Maggiore, G, Tisone, G, Lenci, I, Vennarecci, G, Tortora, R, Vivarelli, M, Svegliati Baroni, G, Zamboni, F, Mameli, L, Tafuri, S, Simone, S, Gesualdo, L, Cardillo, M, Di Leo, A, Rendina M., Barone M., Lillo C., Trapani S., Masiero L., Trerotoli P., Puoti F., Lupo L. G., Tandoi F., Agnes S., Grieco A., Andorno E., Marenco S., Giannini E. G., Baccarani U., Toniutto P., Carraro A., Colecchia A., Cescon M., Morelli M. C., Cillo U., Burra P., Angeli P., Colledan M., Fagiuoli S., De Carlis L., Belli L., De Simone P., Carrai P., Di Benedetto F., De Maria N., Ettorre G. M., Giannelli V., Gruttadauria S., Volpes R., Corsale S., Mazzaferro V., Bhoori S., Romagnoli R., Martini S., Rossi G., Caccamo L., Donato M. F., Rossi M., Ginanni Corradini S., Spada M., Maggiore G., Tisone G., Lenci I., Vennarecci G., Tortora R., Vivarelli M., Svegliati Baroni G., Zamboni F., Mameli L., Tafuri S., Simone S., Gesualdo L., Cardillo M., and Di Leo A.

Abstract

Introduction: The study of immune response to SARSCoV-2 infection in different solid organ transplant settings represents an opportunity for clarifying the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and the immune system. In our nationwide registry study from Italy, we specifically evaluated, during the first wave pandemic, i.e., in non-vaccinated patients, COVID-19 prevalence of infection, mortality, and lethality in liver transplant recipients (LTRs), using non-liver solid transplant recipients (NL-SOTRs) and the Italian general population (GP) as comparators. Methods: Case collection started from February 21 to June 22, 2020, using the data from the National Institute of Health and National Transplant Center, whereas the data analysis was performed on September 30, 2020.To compare the sex- and age-adjusted distribution of infection, mortality, and lethality in LTRs, NL-SOTRs, and Italian GP we applied an indirect standardization method to determine the standardized rate. Results: Among the 43,983 Italian SOTRs with a functioning graft, LTRs accounted for 14,168 patients, of whom 89 were SARS-CoV-2 infected. In the 29,815 NL-SOTRs, 361 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were observed. The geographical distribution of the disease was highly variable across the different Italian regions. The standardized rate of infection, mortality, and lethality rates in LTRs resulted lower compared to NL-SOTRs [1.02 (95%CI 0.81-1.23) vs. 2.01 (95%CI 1.8-2.2); 1.0 (95%CI 0.5-1.5) vs. 4.5 (95%CI 3.6-5.3); 1.6 (95%CI 0.7-2.4) vs. 2.8 (95%CI 2.2-3.3), respectively] and comparable to the Italian GP. Discussion: According to the most recent studies on SOTRs and SARS-CoV-2 infection, our data strongly suggest that, in contrast to what was observed in NL-SOTRs receiving a similar immunosuppressive therapy, LTRs have the same risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, mortality, and lethality observed in the general population. These results suggest an immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in LTRS that is different fr

Published
2023

8. Viability assessment and transplantation of fatty liver grafts using end-ischemic normothermic machine perfusion

Author

Patrono, D, De Carlis, R, Gambella, A, Farnesi, F, Podesta, A, Lauterio, A, Tandoi, F, De Carlis, L, Romagnoli, R, Patrono D., De Carlis R., Gambella A., Farnesi F., Podesta A., Lauterio A., Tandoi F., De Carlis L., Romagnoli R., Patrono, D, De Carlis, R, Gambella, A, Farnesi, F, Podesta, A, Lauterio, A, Tandoi, F, De Carlis, L, Romagnoli, R, Patrono D., De Carlis R., Gambella A., Farnesi F., Podesta A., Lauterio A., Tandoi F., De Carlis L., and Romagnoli R.

Abstract

End-ischemic viability testing by normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) represents an effective strategy to recover liver grafts having initially been discarded for liver transplantation (LT). However, its results in the setting of significant (≥30%) macrovesicular steatosis (MaS) have not been specifically assessed. Prospectively maintained databases at two high-volume LT centers in Northern Italy were searched to identify cases of end-ischemic NMP performed to test the viability of livers with MaS ≥ 30% in the period from January 2019 to January 2022. A total of 14 cases were retrieved, representing 57.9% of NMP and 5.7% of all machine perfusion procedures. Of those patients, 10 (71%) received transplants. Two patients developed primary nonfunction (PNF) and required urgent re-LT, and both were characterized by incomplete or suboptimal lactate clearance during NMP. PNF cases were also characterized by higher perfusate transaminases, lower hepatic artery and portal vein flows at 2 h, and a lack of glucose metabolism in one case. The remaining eight patients showed good liver function (Liver Graft Assessment Following Transplantation risk score, −1.9 [risk, 13.6%]; Early Allograft Failure Simplified Estimation score, −3.7 [risk, 2.6%]) and had a favorable postoperative course. Overall, NMP allowed successful transplantation of 57% of livers with moderate-to-severe MaS. Our findings suggest that prolonged observation (≥6 h) might be required for steatotic livers and that stable lactate clearance is a fundamental prerequisite for their use.

Published
2023

9. Improving Outcome of Selected Patients With Non-Resectable Hepatic Metastases From Colorectal Cancer With Liver Transplantation: A Prospective Parallel Trial (COLT trial)

Author

Sposito, C, Pietrantonio, F, Maspero, M, Di Benedetto, F, Vivarelli, M, Tisone, G, De Carlis, L, Romagnoli, R, Gruttadauria, S, Colledan, M, Agnes, S, Ettorre, G, Baccarani, U, Torzilli, G, Di Sandro, S, Pinelli, D, Caccamo, L, Sartore Bianchi, A, Spreafico, C, Torri, V, Mazzaferro, V, Sposito C., Pietrantonio F., Maspero M., Di Benedetto F., Vivarelli M., Tisone G., De Carlis L., Romagnoli R., Gruttadauria S., Colledan M., Agnes S., Ettorre G., Baccarani U., Torzilli G., Di Sandro S., Pinelli D., Caccamo L., Sartore Bianchi A., Spreafico C., Torri V., Mazzaferro V., Sposito, C, Pietrantonio, F, Maspero, M, Di Benedetto, F, Vivarelli, M, Tisone, G, De Carlis, L, Romagnoli, R, Gruttadauria, S, Colledan, M, Agnes, S, Ettorre, G, Baccarani, U, Torzilli, G, Di Sandro, S, Pinelli, D, Caccamo, L, Sartore Bianchi, A, Spreafico, C, Torri, V, Mazzaferro, V, Sposito C., Pietrantonio F., Maspero M., Di Benedetto F., Vivarelli M., Tisone G., De Carlis L., Romagnoli R., Gruttadauria S., Colledan M., Agnes S., Ettorre G., Baccarani U., Torzilli G., Di Sandro S., Pinelli D., Caccamo L., Sartore Bianchi A., Spreafico C., Torri V., and Mazzaferro V.

Abstract

Background: Patients with unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases (CLM) receiving palliative chemotherapy have a 5-year overall survival (OS) of less than 30%. Liver transplantation (LT) can improve OS up to 60%-83% (SECA-I and SECA-II trials). The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of LT in liver-only metastatic CRC compared with a matched cohort of patients included in a phase III trial on triplet chemotherapy + antiEGFR. Patients and Methods: The COLT trial is an investigator-driven, multicenter, non-randomized, open-label, controlled, prospective, parallel trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03803436). Hyperselected patients with liver-limited unresectable CLM, RAS and BRAF wild-type and curatively removed primary colon cancer are included. The observed post-transplant outcomes will be prospectively compared 1:5 with those obtained in a matched cohort from the TRIPLETE trial (NCT03231722). Results: Primary endpoint is to compare the 3 and 5-years OS of patients enrolled in the COLT trial with COLT-eligible population enrolled in the TRIPLETE trial. An expected gain in OS of 40% at 5-years is predicted for the COLT population (the expected OS at 5-years in COLT vs. TRIPLETE is 70% vs. 30%). Secondary endpoints are to compare the 5-years disease-free survival and to assess the safety of LT (Dindo-Clavien Classification and the Comprehensive Complication Index). Conclusion: LT offers the longest OS reported in selected patients with CLM. Improving the selection strategies can give patients a 5-year OS similar to other indications for LT and a better outcome than those undergoing chemotherapy alone.

Published
2023

10. Similar survival but higher and delayed hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence in HIV-positive compared to negative cirrhotics undergoing liver transplantation

Author

Rossotti, R, Merli, M, Mazzarelli, C, De Carlis, R, Travi, G, Vecchi, M, Vigano, R, Lauterio, A, Raimondi, A, Belli, L, De Carlis, L, Puoti, M, Rossotti R., Merli M., Mazzarelli C., De Carlis R. M., Travi G., Vecchi M., Vigano R., Lauterio A., Raimondi A., Belli L. S., De Carlis L. G., Puoti M., Rossotti, R, Merli, M, Mazzarelli, C, De Carlis, R, Travi, G, Vecchi, M, Vigano, R, Lauterio, A, Raimondi, A, Belli, L, De Carlis, L, Puoti, M, Rossotti R., Merli M., Mazzarelli C., De Carlis R. M., Travi G., Vecchi M., Vigano R., Lauterio A., Raimondi A., Belli L. S., De Carlis L. G., and Puoti M.

Abstract

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) represents the best therapeutic option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and end-stage liver disease (ESLD). Although HIV infection does not seem to lower survival rates, HCV and HCC recurrence appear more harmful. Aims: To compare the overall survival after LT; evaluate the impact of anti-HCV direct-acting agents (DAA); assess the rate of HCC recurrence in HIV-positive and negative patients. Methods: Subjects with HCV/HBV infection who underwent LT for HCC or ESLD from 2012 to 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. Results: Study population included 299 individuals, 31 (10.4%) were HIV-positive. Overall mortality was similar (16.1% versus 19.0%, p = 0.695). HCC recurrence was observed in 6 HIV-positive (19.4%) and in 17 negative subjects (6.3%, p = 0.022). Time to relapse was 831 days in HIV-positive and 315 days in negative patients (p = 0.046). Cox model found a significant role for HIV in univariate analysis but, after adjusting for variables, extra-hepatic tumor was the only factor associated to recurrence (aHR 56.379, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Post-LT survival improved after DAA availability and HIV has no impact on mortality. A higher and delayed rate of HCC recurrence was observed in co-infected individuals: surveillance protocols should be strengthened along time in this population.

Published
2023

11. Surgical Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Multicenter Competing-risk Analysis of Tumor-related Death Following Liver Resection and Transplantation Under an Intention-to-treat Perspective

Author

Di Sandro, S, Sposito, C, Ravaioli, M, Lauterio, A, Magistri, P, Bongini, M, Odaldi, F, De Carlis, R, Botta, F, Centonze, L, Maroni, L, Citterio, D, Guidetti, C, Bagnardi, V, De Carlis, L, Cescon, M, Mazzaferro, V, Di Benedetto, F, Catellani, B, Piero Guerrini, G, Danieli, M, Frassoni, S, Virdis, M, Bhoori, S, Serenari, M, Laurenzi, A, Di Sandro S., Sposito C., Ravaioli M., Lauterio A., Magistri P., Bongini M., Odaldi F., De Carlis R., Botta F., Centonze L., Maroni L., Citterio D., Guidetti C., Bagnardi V., De Carlis L., Cescon M., Mazzaferro V., Di Benedetto F., Catellani B., Piero Guerrini G., Danieli M., Frassoni S., Virdis M., Bhoori S., Serenari M., Laurenzi A., Di Sandro, S, Sposito, C, Ravaioli, M, Lauterio, A, Magistri, P, Bongini, M, Odaldi, F, De Carlis, R, Botta, F, Centonze, L, Maroni, L, Citterio, D, Guidetti, C, Bagnardi, V, De Carlis, L, Cescon, M, Mazzaferro, V, Di Benedetto, F, Catellani, B, Piero Guerrini, G, Danieli, M, Frassoni, S, Virdis, M, Bhoori, S, Serenari, M, Laurenzi, A, Di Sandro S., Sposito C., Ravaioli M., Lauterio A., Magistri P., Bongini M., Odaldi F., De Carlis R., Botta F., Centonze L., Maroni L., Citterio D., Guidetti C., Bagnardi V., De Carlis L., Cescon M., Mazzaferro V., Di Benedetto F., Catellani B., Piero Guerrini G., Danieli M., Frassoni S., Virdis M., Bhoori S., Serenari M., and Laurenzi A.

Abstract

Background. Early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma could benefit from upfront liver resection (LR) or liver transplantation (LT), but the optimal strategy in terms of tumor-related outcomes is still debated. We compared the oncological outcomes of LR and LT for hepatocellular carcinoma, stratifying the study population into a low-, intermediate-, and high-risk class according to the risk of death at 5-y predicted by a previously developed prognostic model. The impact of tumor pathology on oncological outcomes of low- and intermediate-risk patients undergoing LR was investigated as a secondary outcome. Methods. We performed a retrospective multicentric cohort study involving 2640 patients consecutively treated by LR or LT from 4 tertiary hepatobiliary and transplant centers between 2005 and 2015, focusing on patients amenable to both treatments upfront. Tumor-related survival and overall survival were compared under an intention-to-treat perspective. Results. We identified 468 LR and 579 LT candidates: 512 LT candidates underwent LT, whereas 68 (11.7%) dropped-out for tumor progression. Ninety-nine high-risk patients were selected from each treatment cohort after propensity score matching. Three and 5-y cumulative incidence of tumor-related death were 29.7% and 39.5% versus 17.2% and 18.3% for LR and LT group (P = 0.039), respectively. Low-risk and intermediate-risk patients treated by LR and presenting satellite nodules and microvascular invasion had a significantly higher 5-y incidence of tumor-related death (29.2% versus 12.5%; P < 0.001). Conclusions. High-risk patients showed significantly better intention-to-treat tumor-related survival after upfront LT rather than LR. Cancer-specific survival of low- and intermediate-risk LR patients was significantly impaired by unfavorable pathology, suggesting the application of ab-initio salvage LT in such scenarios.

Published
2023

13. Colonization and infection due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in liver and lung transplant recipients and donor-derived transmission: a prospective cohort study conducted in Italy

Author

Farina, C., Vailati, F., Gesu, G., Vismara, C., Arghittu, M., Colombo, R., Torresani, E., Rossi, L., Conaldi, P.G., Gona, F., Cambieri, P., Marone, P., Venditti, C., Fernandez, A. Garcia, Mancini, C., Cusi, M., De Angelis, L. Henrici, Fossati, L., Finarelli, A.C., De Cillia, C., Sangiorgi, G., Pinna, A.D., Stella, F., Viale, P., Colledan, M., Platto, M., Bonizzoli, M., Peris, A., Torelli, R., Vesconi, S., Cibelli, E., De Carlis, L., De Gasperi, A., Ravini, M., Carrinola, R., Coluccio, E., Dondossola, D., Rossi, G., Santambrogio, L., Tosi, D., Feltrin, G., Rago, C., Cillo, U., Da Riva, A., Rea, F., Sparacino, V., Bertani, A., Canzonieri, M., Gridelli, B., Mularoni, A., Spada, M., Carrara, E., D’Armini, A. Maria, Paladini, P., Adorno, D., Valeri, M., Caprio, M., Di Ciaccio, P., Puoti, F., Berloco, P., D’Auria, B., Maldarelli, F., Paglialunga, G., Pugliese, F., Rossi, M., Venuta, F., Amoroso, A., Giacometti, R., Rinaldi, M., Salizzoni, M., Errico, G., Gagliotti, C., Monaco, M., Masiero, L., Gaibani, P., Ambretti, S., Landini, M.P., D’Arezzo, S., Di Caro, A., Parisi, S.G., Palù, G., Vespasiano, F., Morsillo, F., Moro, M.L., Procaccio, F., Ricci, A., Grossi, P.A., Pantosti, A., and Nanni Costa, A.

Published
2019
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14. Liver transplantation for metastatic colorectal cancer after optimal systemic treatment (COLT trial): feasibility and safety data

Author

Mazzaferro, V., primary, Maspero, M., additional, Pietrantonio, F., additional, Benedetto, F. Di, additional, Vivarelli, M., additional, Tisone, G., additional, De Carlis, L., additional, Romagnoli, R., additional, Gruttadauria, S., additional, Colledan, M., additional, Baccarani, U., additional, Torzilli, G., additional, and Sposito, C., additional

Published
2023
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15. Is minimally invasive liver surgery a reasonable option in recurrent HCC? A snapshot from the I Go MILS registry

Author

Levi Sandri, G, Colasanti, M, Aldrighetti, L, Guglielmi, A, Cillo, U, Mazzaferro, V, Dalla Valle, R, De Carlis, L, Salvatore, G, Di Benedetto, F, Ferrero, A, Ettorre, G, Antonucci, A, Batignani, G, Belli, G, Belli, A, Berti, S, Boggi, U, Bonsignore, P, Brolese, A, Calise, F, Ceccarelli, G, Cecconi, S, Colledan, M, Coratti, A, Ercolani, G, Ferla, F, Filauro, M, Floridi, A, Frena, A, Giuliani, A, Giuliante, F, Grazi, G, Gringeri, E, Griseri, G, Guerriero, S, Jovine, E, Magistri, P, Maida, P, Massani, M, Mezzatesta, P, Morelli, L, Russolillo, N, Navarra, G, Parisi, A, Patriti, A, Ravaioli, M, Ratti, F, Romito, R, Reggiani, P, Ruzzenente, A, Santambrogio, R, Berardi, G, Sgroi, G, Slim, A, Spada, M, Sposito, C, Tedeschi, U, Tisone, G, Torzilli, G, Veneroni, L, Vincenti, L, Zamboni, F, Zimmitti, G, Levi Sandri G. B., Colasanti M., Aldrighetti L., Guglielmi A., Cillo U., Mazzaferro V., Dalla Valle R., De Carlis L., Salvatore G., Di Benedetto F., Ferrero A., Ettorre G. M., Antonucci A., Batignani G., Belli G., Belli A., Berti S., Boggi U., Bonsignore P., Brolese A., Calise F., Ceccarelli G., Cecconi S., Colledan M., Coratti A., Ercolani G., Ferla F., Filauro M., Floridi A., Frena A., Giuliani A., Giuliante F., Grazi G. L., Gringeri E., Griseri G., Guerriero S., Jovine E., Magistri P., Maida P., Massani M., Mezzatesta P., Morelli L., Russolillo N., Navarra G., Parisi A., Patriti A., Ravaioli M., Ratti F., Romito R., Reggiani P., Ruzzenente A., Santambrogio R., Berardi G., Sgroi G., Slim A., Spada M., Sposito C., Tedeschi U., Tisone G., Torzilli G., Veneroni L., Vincenti L., Zamboni F., Zimmitti G., Levi Sandri, G, Colasanti, M, Aldrighetti, L, Guglielmi, A, Cillo, U, Mazzaferro, V, Dalla Valle, R, De Carlis, L, Salvatore, G, Di Benedetto, F, Ferrero, A, Ettorre, G, Antonucci, A, Batignani, G, Belli, G, Belli, A, Berti, S, Boggi, U, Bonsignore, P, Brolese, A, Calise, F, Ceccarelli, G, Cecconi, S, Colledan, M, Coratti, A, Ercolani, G, Ferla, F, Filauro, M, Floridi, A, Frena, A, Giuliani, A, Giuliante, F, Grazi, G, Gringeri, E, Griseri, G, Guerriero, S, Jovine, E, Magistri, P, Maida, P, Massani, M, Mezzatesta, P, Morelli, L, Russolillo, N, Navarra, G, Parisi, A, Patriti, A, Ravaioli, M, Ratti, F, Romito, R, Reggiani, P, Ruzzenente, A, Santambrogio, R, Berardi, G, Sgroi, G, Slim, A, Spada, M, Sposito, C, Tedeschi, U, Tisone, G, Torzilli, G, Veneroni, L, Vincenti, L, Zamboni, F, Zimmitti, G, Levi Sandri G. B., Colasanti M., Aldrighetti L., Guglielmi A., Cillo U., Mazzaferro V., Dalla Valle R., De Carlis L., Salvatore G., Di Benedetto F., Ferrero A., Ettorre G. M., Antonucci A., Batignani G., Belli G., Belli A., Berti S., Boggi U., Bonsignore P., Brolese A., Calise F., Ceccarelli G., Cecconi S., Colledan M., Coratti A., Ercolani G., Ferla F., Filauro M., Floridi A., Frena A., Giuliani A., Giuliante F., Grazi G. L., Gringeri E., Griseri G., Guerriero S., Jovine E., Magistri P., Maida P., Massani M., Mezzatesta P., Morelli L., Russolillo N., Navarra G., Parisi A., Patriti A., Ravaioli M., Ratti F., Romito R., Reggiani P., Ruzzenente A., Santambrogio R., Berardi G., Sgroi G., Slim A., Spada M., Sposito C., Tedeschi U., Tisone G., Torzilli G., Veneroni L., Vincenti L., Zamboni F., and Zimmitti G.

Abstract

Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) for Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a safe procedure. Repeat surgery is more often required, and the role of minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS) is not yet clearly defined. The present study analyzes data compiled by the Italian Group of Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery (IGoMILS) on LLR. To compare repeated LLR with the first LLR for HCC is the primary endpoint. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate the outcome of repeat LLR in the case of primary open versus primary MILS surgery. The data cohort is divided into two groups. Group 1: first liver resection and Group 2: Repeat LLR. To compare the two groups a 3:1 Propensity Score Matching is performed to analyze open versus MILS primary resection. Fifty-two centers were involved in the present study, and 1054 patients were enrolled. 80 patients underwent to a repeat LLR. The type of resection was different, with more major resections in the group 1 before matching the two groups. After propensity score matching 3:1, each group consisted of 222 and 74 patients. No difference between the two groups was observed. In the subgroup analysis, in 44 patients the first resection was performed by an open approach. The other 36 patients were resected with a MILS approach. We found no difference between these two subgroups of patients. The present study in repeat MILS for HCC using the IGoMILS Registry has observed the feasibility and safety of the MILS procedure.

Published
2022

16. Correction to: Is minimally invasive liver surgery a reasonable option in recurrent HCC? A snapshot from the I Go MILS registry (Updates in Surgery, (2021), 10.1007/s13304-021-01161-w)

Author

Levi Sandri G. B., Levi Sandri, G, Colasanti, M, Aldrighetti, L, Guglielmi, A, Cillo, U, Mazzaferro, V, Dalla Valle, R, De Carlis, L, Gruttadauria, S, Di Benedetto, F, Ferrero, A, Ettorre, G, Antonucci, A, Batignani, G, Belli, G, Belli, A, Berti, S, Boggi, U, Bonsignore, P, Brolese, A, Calise, F, Ceccarelli, G, Cecconi, S, Colledan, M, Coratti, A, Ercolani, G, Ferla, F, Filauro, M, Floridi, A, Frena, A, Giuliani, A, Giuliante, F, Grazi, G, Gringeri, E, Griseri, G, Guerriero, S, Jovine, E, Magistri, P, Maida, P, Massani, M, Mezzatesta, P, Morelli, L, Russolillo, N, Navarra, G, Parisi, A, Patriti, A, Ravaioli, M, Ratti, F, Romito, R, Reggiani, P, Ruzzenente, A, Santambrogio, R, Berardi, G, Sgroi, G, Slim, A, Spada, M, Sposito, C, Tedeschi, U, Tisone, G, Torzilli, G, Veneroni, L, Vincenti, L, Zamboni, F, Zimmitti, G, Levi Sandri G. B., Colasanti M., Aldrighetti L., Guglielmi A., Cillo U., Mazzaferro V., Dalla Valle R., De Carlis L., Gruttadauria S., Di Benedetto F., Ferrero A., Ettorre G. M., Antonucci A., Batignani G., Belli G., Belli A., Berti S., Boggi U., Bonsignore P., Brolese A., Calise F., Ceccarelli G., Cecconi S., Colledan M., Coratti A., Ercolani G., Ferla F., Filauro M., Floridi A., Frena A., Giuliani A., Giuliante F., Grazi G. L., Gringeri E., Griseri G., Guerriero S., Jovine E., Magistri P., Maida P., Massani M., Mezzatesta P., Morelli L., Russolillo N., Navarra G., Parisi A., Patriti A., Ravaioli M., Ratti F., Romito R., Reggiani P., Ruzzenente A., Santambrogio R., Berardi G., Sgroi G., Slim A., Spada M., Sposito C., Tedeschi U., Tisone G., Torzilli G., Veneroni L., Vincenti L., Zamboni F., Zimmitti G., Levi Sandri G. B., Levi Sandri, G, Colasanti, M, Aldrighetti, L, Guglielmi, A, Cillo, U, Mazzaferro, V, Dalla Valle, R, De Carlis, L, Gruttadauria, S, Di Benedetto, F, Ferrero, A, Ettorre, G, Antonucci, A, Batignani, G, Belli, G, Belli, A, Berti, S, Boggi, U, Bonsignore, P, Brolese, A, Calise, F, Ceccarelli, G, Cecconi, S, Colledan, M, Coratti, A, Ercolani, G, Ferla, F, Filauro, M, Floridi, A, Frena, A, Giuliani, A, Giuliante, F, Grazi, G, Gringeri, E, Griseri, G, Guerriero, S, Jovine, E, Magistri, P, Maida, P, Massani, M, Mezzatesta, P, Morelli, L, Russolillo, N, Navarra, G, Parisi, A, Patriti, A, Ravaioli, M, Ratti, F, Romito, R, Reggiani, P, Ruzzenente, A, Santambrogio, R, Berardi, G, Sgroi, G, Slim, A, Spada, M, Sposito, C, Tedeschi, U, Tisone, G, Torzilli, G, Veneroni, L, Vincenti, L, Zamboni, F, Zimmitti, G, Levi Sandri G. B., Colasanti M., Aldrighetti L., Guglielmi A., Cillo U., Mazzaferro V., Dalla Valle R., De Carlis L., Gruttadauria S., Di Benedetto F., Ferrero A., Ettorre G. M., Antonucci A., Batignani G., Belli G., Belli A., Berti S., Boggi U., Bonsignore P., Brolese A., Calise F., Ceccarelli G., Cecconi S., Colledan M., Coratti A., Ercolani G., Ferla F., Filauro M., Floridi A., Frena A., Giuliani A., Giuliante F., Grazi G. L., Gringeri E., Griseri G., Guerriero S., Jovine E., Magistri P., Maida P., Massani M., Mezzatesta P., Morelli L., Russolillo N., Navarra G., Parisi A., Patriti A., Ravaioli M., Ratti F., Romito R., Reggiani P., Ruzzenente A., Santambrogio R., Berardi G., Sgroi G., Slim A., Spada M., Sposito C., Tedeschi U., Tisone G., Torzilli G., Veneroni L., Vincenti L., Zamboni F., and Zimmitti G.

Abstract

In the originally published article the co-author first name and last name was interchanged. The correct name is copied below Salvatore Gruttadauria The original article has been updated.

Published
2022

17. Temporal trends of waitlistings for liver transplantation in Italy: The ECALITA (Evolution of IndiCAtion in LIver transplantation in ITAly) registry study

Author

Manzia, T, Trapani, S, Nardi, A, Ricci, A, Lenci, I, Milana, M, Angelico, R, De Feo, T, Agnes, S, Andorno, E, Baccarani, U, Carraro, A, Cescon, M, Cillo, U, Colledan, M, De Carlis, L, De Simone, P, Di Benedetto, F, Ettorre, G, Gruttadauria, S, Lupo, L, Mazzaferro, V, Romagnoli, R, Rossi, G, Rossi, M, Spada, M, Vennarecci, G, Vivarelli, M, Zamboni, F, Tisone, G, Cardillo, M, Angelico, M, Manzia T. M., Trapani S., Nardi A., Ricci A., Lenci I., Milana M., Angelico R., De Feo T. M., Agnes S., Andorno E., Baccarani U., Carraro A., Cescon M., Cillo U., Colledan M., De Carlis L., De Simone P., Di Benedetto F., Ettorre G. M., Gruttadauria S., Lupo L. G., Mazzaferro V., Romagnoli R., Rossi G., Rossi M., Spada M., Vennarecci G., Vivarelli M., Zamboni F., Tisone G., Cardillo M., Angelico M., Manzia, T, Trapani, S, Nardi, A, Ricci, A, Lenci, I, Milana, M, Angelico, R, De Feo, T, Agnes, S, Andorno, E, Baccarani, U, Carraro, A, Cescon, M, Cillo, U, Colledan, M, De Carlis, L, De Simone, P, Di Benedetto, F, Ettorre, G, Gruttadauria, S, Lupo, L, Mazzaferro, V, Romagnoli, R, Rossi, G, Rossi, M, Spada, M, Vennarecci, G, Vivarelli, M, Zamboni, F, Tisone, G, Cardillo, M, Angelico, M, Manzia T. M., Trapani S., Nardi A., Ricci A., Lenci I., Milana M., Angelico R., De Feo T. M., Agnes S., Andorno E., Baccarani U., Carraro A., Cescon M., Cillo U., Colledan M., De Carlis L., De Simone P., Di Benedetto F., Ettorre G. M., Gruttadauria S., Lupo L. G., Mazzaferro V., Romagnoli R., Rossi G., Rossi M., Spada M., Vennarecci G., Vivarelli M., Zamboni F., Tisone G., Cardillo M., and Angelico M.

Abstract

Background: Over the last decades relevant epidemiological changes of liver diseases have occurred, together with greatly improved treatment opportunities. Aim: To investigate how the indications for elective adult liver transplantation and the underlying disease etiologies have evolved in Italy. Methods: We recruited from the National Transplant Registry a cohort comprising 17,317 adults patients waitlisted for primary liver transplantation from January-2004 to December-2020. Patients were divided into three Eras:1(2004–2011),2(2012–2014) and 3(2015–2020). Results: Waitlistings for cirrhosis decreased from 65.9% in Era 1 to 46.1% in Era 3, while those for HCC increased from 28.7% to 48.7%. Comparing Eras 1 and 3, waitlistings for HCV-related cirrhosis decreased from 35.9% to 12.1%, yet those for HCV-related HCC increased from 8.5% to 26.7%. Waitlistings for HBV-related cirrhosis remained almost unchanged (13.2% and 12.4%), while those for HBV-related HCC increased from 4.0% to 11.6%. ALD-related cirrhosis decreased from 16.9% to 12.9% while ALD-related HCC increased from 1.9% to 3.9%. Conclusions: A sharp increase in liver transplant waitlisting for HCC and a concomitant decrease of waitlisting for cirrhosis have occurred In Italy. Despite HCV infection has noticeably decreased, still remains the primary etiology of waitlisting for HCC, while ALD and HBV represent the main causes for cirrhosis.

Published
2022

18. Liver transplantation from active COVID-19 donors: Is it ethically justifiable?

Author

Grossi, A, Nicoli, F, Cardillo, M, Gruttadauria, S, Tisone, G, Ettorre, G, De Carlis, L, Romagnoli, R, Petrini, C, Grossi, P, Picozzi, M, Grossi A. A., Nicoli F., Cardillo M., Gruttadauria S., Tisone G., Ettorre G. M., De Carlis L., Romagnoli R., Petrini C., Grossi P. A., Picozzi M., Grossi, A, Nicoli, F, Cardillo, M, Gruttadauria, S, Tisone, G, Ettorre, G, De Carlis, L, Romagnoli, R, Petrini, C, Grossi, P, Picozzi, M, Grossi A. A., Nicoli F., Cardillo M., Gruttadauria S., Tisone G., Ettorre G. M., De Carlis L., Romagnoli R., Petrini C., Grossi P. A., and Picozzi M.

Abstract

The debate on the opportunity to use organs from donors testing positive for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in recipients with naïve resolved or active COVID-19 is ongoing. We aim to present the ethical analyses underlying the decision to perform liver transplantation (LT) in selected patients with resolved or active COVID-19 in Italy. We used Jonsen, Siegler, and Winslade's Four-Boxes casuistic method, addressing the four topics considered as constitutive of the essential structure of single clinical cases for their ethical analysis (medical indications, patient preferences, quality of life, and contextual features) to enable decision-making on a case-by-case basis. Based on these topics, we elucidate the meaning and balance among the principles of biomedical ethics. Clinical ethics judgment based on the relation between the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 along with its potentially negative effects and the expected benefits of transplant lead to consider LT as clinically appropriate. Shared decision-making allows the integration of clinical options with the patient's subjective preferences and considerations, enabling a valid informed consent specifically tailored to the patients’ individual circumstances. The inclusion of carefully selected SARS-CoV-2 positive donors represents an opportunity to offer lifesaving LT to patients who might otherwise have limited opportunities to receive one. COVID-19 positive donor livers are fairly allocated among equals, and respect for fundamental rights of the individual and the broader community in a context of healthcare rationing is guaranteed.The ethical analysis of the decision to perform LT in selected patients shows that the decision is ethically justifiable.

Published
2022

19. Successful recovery from severe inverted Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after liver transplantation: The efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

Author

Lauterio, A, Bottiroli, M, Cannata, A, de Carlis, R, Valsecchi, M, Perricone, G, Colombo, S, Buscemi, V, Zaniboni, M, Pedrazzini, G, Mondino, M, Russo, C, Fumagalli, R, de Carlis, L, Lauterio A., Bottiroli M., Cannata A., de Carlis R., Valsecchi M., Perricone G., Colombo S., Buscemi V., Zaniboni M., Pedrazzini G., Mondino M., Russo C., Fumagalli R., de Carlis L., Lauterio, A, Bottiroli, M, Cannata, A, de Carlis, R, Valsecchi, M, Perricone, G, Colombo, S, Buscemi, V, Zaniboni, M, Pedrazzini, G, Mondino, M, Russo, C, Fumagalli, R, de Carlis, L, Lauterio A., Bottiroli M., Cannata A., de Carlis R., Valsecchi M., Perricone G., Colombo S., Buscemi V., Zaniboni M., Pedrazzini G., Mondino M., Russo C., Fumagalli R., and de Carlis L.

Published
2022

20. How useful is the machine perfusion in liver transplantation? An answer from a national survey

Author

Scalera, I, De Carlis, R, Patrono, D, Gringeri, E, Olivieri, T, Pagano, D, Lai, Q, Rossi, M, Gruttadauria, S, Di Benedetto, F, Cillo, U, Romagnoli, R, Lupo, L, De Carlis, L, Scalera I., De Carlis R., Patrono D., Gringeri E., Olivieri T., Pagano D., Lai Q., Rossi M., Gruttadauria S., Di Benedetto F., Cillo U., Romagnoli R., Lupo L. G., De Carlis L., Scalera, I, De Carlis, R, Patrono, D, Gringeri, E, Olivieri, T, Pagano, D, Lai, Q, Rossi, M, Gruttadauria, S, Di Benedetto, F, Cillo, U, Romagnoli, R, Lupo, L, De Carlis, L, Scalera I., De Carlis R., Patrono D., Gringeri E., Olivieri T., Pagano D., Lai Q., Rossi M., Gruttadauria S., Di Benedetto F., Cillo U., Romagnoli R., Lupo L. G., and De Carlis L.

Abstract

Machine perfusion (MP) has been shown worldwide to offer many advantages in liver transplantation, but it still has some gray areas. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the donor risk factors of grafts, perfused with any MP, that might predict an ineffective MP setting and those would trigger post-transplant early allograft dysfunction (EAD). Data from donors of all MP-perfused grafts at six liver transplant centers have been analyzed, whether implanted or discarded after perfusion. The first endpoint was the negative events after perfusion (NegE), which is the number of grafts discarded plus those that were implanted but lost after the transplant. A risk factor analysis for NegE was performed and marginal grafts for MP were identified. Finally, the risk of EAD was analyzed, considering only implanted grafts. From 2015 to September 2019, 158 grafts were perfused with MP: 151 grafts were implanted and 7 were discarded after the MP phase because they did not reach viability criteria. Of 151, 15 grafts were lost after transplant, so the NegE group consisted of 22 donors. In univariate analysis, the donor risk index >1.7, the presence of hypertension in the medical history, static cold ischemia time, and the moderate or severe macrovesicular steatosis were the significant factors for NegE. Multivariate analysis confirmed that macrosteatosis >30% was an independent risk factor for NegE (odd ratio 5.643, p = 0.023, 95% confidence interval, 1.27–24.98). Of 151 transplanted patients, 34% experienced EAD and had worse 1- and 3-year-survival, compared with those who did not face EAD (NoEAD), 96% and 96% for EAD vs. 89% and 71% for NoEAD, respectively (p = 0.03). None of the donor/graft characteristics was associated with EAD even if the graft was moderately steatotic or fibrotic or from an aged donor. For the first time, this study shows that macrovesicular steatosis >30% might be a warning factor involved in the risk of graft loss or a cause of graft discard aft

Published
2022

21. Migration rate using fully covered metal stent in anastomotic strictures after liver transplantation: Results from the BASALT study group

Author

Conigliaro, R, Pigo, F, Bertani, H, Greco, S, Burti, C, Indriolo, A, Di Sario, A, Ortolani, A, Maroni, L, Tringali, A, Barbaro, F, Costamagna, G, Magarotto, A, Masci, E, Mutignani, M, Forti, E, Parodi, M, Assandri, L, Marrone, C, Fantin, A, Penagini, R, Cantu, P, Di Benedetto, F, Ravelli, P, Vivarelli, M, Agnes, S, Mazzaferro, V, De Carlis, L, Andorno, E, Cillo, U, Rossi, G, Conigliaro R., Pigo F., Bertani H., Greco S., Burti C., Indriolo A., Di Sario A., Ortolani A., Maroni L., Tringali A., Barbaro F., Costamagna G., Magarotto A., Masci E., Mutignani M., Forti E., Parodi M. C., Assandri L., Marrone C., Fantin A., Penagini R., Cantu P., Di Benedetto F., Ravelli P., Vivarelli M., Agnes S., Mazzaferro V., De Carlis L., Andorno E., Cillo U., Rossi G., Conigliaro, R, Pigo, F, Bertani, H, Greco, S, Burti, C, Indriolo, A, Di Sario, A, Ortolani, A, Maroni, L, Tringali, A, Barbaro, F, Costamagna, G, Magarotto, A, Masci, E, Mutignani, M, Forti, E, Parodi, M, Assandri, L, Marrone, C, Fantin, A, Penagini, R, Cantu, P, Di Benedetto, F, Ravelli, P, Vivarelli, M, Agnes, S, Mazzaferro, V, De Carlis, L, Andorno, E, Cillo, U, Rossi, G, Conigliaro R., Pigo F., Bertani H., Greco S., Burti C., Indriolo A., Di Sario A., Ortolani A., Maroni L., Tringali A., Barbaro F., Costamagna G., Magarotto A., Masci E., Mutignani M., Forti E., Parodi M. C., Assandri L., Marrone C., Fantin A., Penagini R., Cantu P., Di Benedetto F., Ravelli P., Vivarelli M., Agnes S., Mazzaferro V., De Carlis L., Andorno E., Cillo U., and Rossi G.

Abstract

Background and Study Aim: The traditional endoscopic therapy of anastomotic strictures (AS) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is multiple ERCPs with the insertion of an increasing number of plastic stents side-by-side. Fully covered self-expanding metal stents (cSEMS) could be a valuable option to decrease the number of procedures needed or non-responders to plastic stents. This study aims to retrospectively analyse the results of AS endoscopic treatment by cSEMS and to identify any factors associated with its success. Patients and Methods: Ninety-one patients (mean age 55.9 ± 7.6 SD; 73 males) from nine Italian transplantation centres, had a cSEMS positioned for post-OLT-AS between 2007 and 2017. Forty-nine (54%) patients were treated with cSEMS as a second-line treatment. Results: All the procedures were successfully performed without immediate complications. After ERCP, adverse events occurred in 11% of cases (2 moderate pancreatitis and 8 cholangitis). In 49 patients (54%), cSEMSs migrated. After cSEMS removal, 46 patients (51%) needed further endoscopic (45 patients) or radiological (1 patient) treatments to solve the AS. Lastly, seven patients underwent surgery. Multivariable stepwise logistic regression showed that cSEMS migration was the only factor associated with further treatments (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.0–6.6; p value 0.03); cSEMS implantation before 12 months from OLT was associated with stent migration (OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.7–16.0; p value 0.004). Conclusions: cSEMS appears to be a safe tool to treat AS. cSEMS migration is the main limitation to its routinary implantation and needs to be prevented, probably with the use of new generation anti-migration stents.

Published
2022

22. Kidney Transplants From Donors on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Prior to Death Are Associated With Better Long-Term Renal Function Compared to Donors After Circulatory Death

Author

Gregorini, M, Ticozzelli, E, Abelli, M, Grignano, M, Pattonieri, E, Giacomoni, A, De Carlis, L, Dell'Acqua, A, Caldara, R, Socci, C, Bottazzi, A, Libetta, C, Sepe, V, Malabarba, S, Manzoni, F, Klersy, C, Piccolo, G, Rampino, T, Gregorini M., Ticozzelli E., Abelli M., Grignano M. A., Pattonieri E. F., Giacomoni A., De Carlis L., Dell'Acqua A., Caldara R., Socci C., Bottazzi A., Libetta C., Sepe V., Malabarba S., Manzoni F., Klersy C., Piccolo G., Rampino T., Gregorini, M, Ticozzelli, E, Abelli, M, Grignano, M, Pattonieri, E, Giacomoni, A, De Carlis, L, Dell'Acqua, A, Caldara, R, Socci, C, Bottazzi, A, Libetta, C, Sepe, V, Malabarba, S, Manzoni, F, Klersy, C, Piccolo, G, Rampino, T, Gregorini M., Ticozzelli E., Abelli M., Grignano M. A., Pattonieri E. F., Giacomoni A., De Carlis L., Dell'Acqua A., Caldara R., Socci C., Bottazzi A., Libetta C., Sepe V., Malabarba S., Manzoni F., Klersy C., Piccolo G., and Rampino T.

Abstract

Donation after circulatory death (DCD) allows expansion of the donor pool. We report on 11 years of Italian experience by comparing the outcome of grafts from DCD and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) prior to death donation (EPD), a new donor category. We studied 58 kidney recipients from DCD or EPD and collected donor/recipient clinical characteristics. Primary non function (PNF) and delayed graft function (DGF) rates, dialysis need, hospitalization duration, and patient and graft survival rates were compared. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was measured throughout the follow-up. Better clinical outcomes were achieved with EPD than with DCD despite similar graft and patient survival rates The total warm ischemia time (WIT) was longer in the DCD group than in the EPD group. Pure WIT was the highest in the class II group. The DGF rate was higher in the DCD group than in the EPD group. PNF rate was similar in the groups. Dialysis need was the greatest and hospitalization the longest in the class II DCD group. eGFR was lower in the class II DCD group than in the EPD group. Our results indicate good clinical outcomes of kidney transplants from DCD despite the long “no-touch period” and show that ECMO in the procurement phase improves graft outcome, suggesting EPD as a source for pool expansion.

Published
2022

23. Current practice of normothermic regional perfusion and machine perfusion in donation after circulatory death liver transplants in Italy

Author

De Carlis, R, Lauterio, A, Centonze, L, Buscemi, V, Schlegel, A, Muiesan, P, De Carlis, L, Carraro, A, Ghinolfi, D, De Simone, P, Ravaioli, M, Cescon, M, Dondossola, D, Bongini, M, Mazzaferro, V, Pagano, D, Gruttadauria, S, Gringeri, E, Cillo, U, Patrono, D, Romagnoli, R, Camagni, S, Colledan, M, Olivieri, T, Di Benedetto, F, Vennarecci, G, Baccarani, U, Lai, Q, Rossi, M, Manzia, T, Tisone, G, Vivarelli, M, Scalera, I, Lupo, L, Andorno, E, Meniconi, R, Ettorre, G, Avolio, A, Agnes, S, Pellegrino, R, Zamboni, F, De Carlis R., Lauterio A., Centonze L., Buscemi V., Schlegel A., Muiesan P., De Carlis L., Carraro A., Ghinolfi D., De Simone P., Ravaioli M., Cescon M., Dondossola D., Bongini M., Mazzaferro V., Pagano D., Gruttadauria S., Gringeri E., Cillo U., Patrono D., Romagnoli R., Camagni S., Colledan M., Olivieri T., Di Benedetto F., Vennarecci G., Baccarani U., Lai Q., Rossi M., Manzia T. M., Tisone G., Vivarelli M., Scalera I., Lupo L. G., Andorno E., Meniconi R. L., Ettorre G. M., Avolio A. W., Agnes S., Pellegrino R. A., Zamboni F., De Carlis, R, Lauterio, A, Centonze, L, Buscemi, V, Schlegel, A, Muiesan, P, De Carlis, L, Carraro, A, Ghinolfi, D, De Simone, P, Ravaioli, M, Cescon, M, Dondossola, D, Bongini, M, Mazzaferro, V, Pagano, D, Gruttadauria, S, Gringeri, E, Cillo, U, Patrono, D, Romagnoli, R, Camagni, S, Colledan, M, Olivieri, T, Di Benedetto, F, Vennarecci, G, Baccarani, U, Lai, Q, Rossi, M, Manzia, T, Tisone, G, Vivarelli, M, Scalera, I, Lupo, L, Andorno, E, Meniconi, R, Ettorre, G, Avolio, A, Agnes, S, Pellegrino, R, Zamboni, F, De Carlis R., Lauterio A., Centonze L., Buscemi V., Schlegel A., Muiesan P., De Carlis L., Carraro A., Ghinolfi D., De Simone P., Ravaioli M., Cescon M., Dondossola D., Bongini M., Mazzaferro V., Pagano D., Gruttadauria S., Gringeri E., Cillo U., Patrono D., Romagnoli R., Camagni S., Colledan M., Olivieri T., Di Benedetto F., Vennarecci G., Baccarani U., Lai Q., Rossi M., Manzia T. M., Tisone G., Vivarelli M., Scalera I., Lupo L. G., Andorno E., Meniconi R. L., Ettorre G. M., Avolio A. W., Agnes S., Pellegrino R. A., and Zamboni F.

Abstract

Background: Normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) and machine perfusion (MP) are variously used in many European centers to improve the outcomes after liver transplantation from donation after circulatory death (DCD). In Italy, a combination of NRP and subsequent MP has been used since the start of the activity. While NRP is mandatory for every DCD recovery, the subsequent use of MP is left to each center. Methods: We have designed a national survey to investigate practices and policies of these techniques. The questionnaire included 46 questions and was distributed to all the 21 Italian centers using an online form between June and July 2021. Results: The overall response rate was 100%. A local NRP program for controlled Maastricht type 3 DCD was active in 11/21 (52.4%) centers. Organization and availability of personnel were perceived as the main difficulties in starting such a program. Between 2015 and 2020, 119 DCD livers were transplanted, with an overall utilization rate of 69.2%. Pump flow and gross aspect were considered the most reliable parameters in liver selection during NRP. Eight (72.7%) centers adopted subsequent hypothermic MP, 1 (9.1%) center normothermic MP, and the remaining 2 (18.2%) used both MP types. Conclusion: This first snapshot survey shows that NRP with subsequent MP is the most used protocol in Italy for DCD livers, although some heterogeneity exists in the type and purpose of MP between centers. Overall, this policy ensures a high utilization rate, considering the high risk of the DCD donor population in Italy. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Published
2022

24. Variations in risk-adjusted outcomes following 4318 laparoscopic liver resections

Author

Cucchetti, A, Aldrighetti, L, Ratti, F, Ferrero, A, Guglielmi, A, Giuliante, F, Cillo, U, Mazzaferro, V, De Carlis, L, Ercolani, G, Ettorre, G, di Benedetto, F, Valle, R, Gruttadauria, S, Jovine, E, Boggi, U, Vincenti, L, Santambrogio, R, Giuliani, A, Torzilli, G, Zimmiti, G, Brolese, A, Belli, A, Ravaioli, M, Frena, A, Rossi, G, Grazi, G, Zamboni, F, Berti, S, Calise, F, Massani, M, Morelli, L, Filauro, M, Tisone, G, Coratti, A, Navarra, G, Romito, R, Ceccarelli, G, Belli, G, Griseri, G, Antonucci, A, Mezzatesta, P, Veneroni, L, Schiavo, M, Colledan, M, Parisi, A, Guerriero, S, Spada, M, Batignani, G, Sgroi, G, Floridi, P, Boni, L, Maida, P, Ribero, D, La Barba, G, Cucchetti A., Aldrighetti L., Ratti F., Ferrero A., Guglielmi A., Giuliante F., Cillo U., Mazzaferro V., De Carlis L., Ercolani G., Ettorre G. M., di Benedetto F., Valle R. D., Gruttadauria S., Jovine E., Boggi U., Vincenti L., Santambrogio R., Giuliani A., Torzilli G., Zimmiti G., Brolese A., Belli A., Ravaioli M., Frena A., Rossi G. E., Grazi G. L., Zamboni F., Berti S., Calise F., Massani M., Morelli L., Filauro M., Tisone G., Coratti A., Navarra G., Romito R., Ceccarelli G., Belli G., Griseri G., Antonucci A., Mezzatesta P., Veneroni L., Schiavo M., Colledan M., Parisi A., Guerriero S., Spada M., Batignani G., Sgroi G., Floridi P., Boni L., Maida P., Ribero D., La Barba G., Cucchetti, A, Aldrighetti, L, Ratti, F, Ferrero, A, Guglielmi, A, Giuliante, F, Cillo, U, Mazzaferro, V, De Carlis, L, Ercolani, G, Ettorre, G, di Benedetto, F, Valle, R, Gruttadauria, S, Jovine, E, Boggi, U, Vincenti, L, Santambrogio, R, Giuliani, A, Torzilli, G, Zimmiti, G, Brolese, A, Belli, A, Ravaioli, M, Frena, A, Rossi, G, Grazi, G, Zamboni, F, Berti, S, Calise, F, Massani, M, Morelli, L, Filauro, M, Tisone, G, Coratti, A, Navarra, G, Romito, R, Ceccarelli, G, Belli, G, Griseri, G, Antonucci, A, Mezzatesta, P, Veneroni, L, Schiavo, M, Colledan, M, Parisi, A, Guerriero, S, Spada, M, Batignani, G, Sgroi, G, Floridi, P, Boni, L, Maida, P, Ribero, D, La Barba, G, Cucchetti A., Aldrighetti L., Ratti F., Ferrero A., Guglielmi A., Giuliante F., Cillo U., Mazzaferro V., De Carlis L., Ercolani G., Ettorre G. M., di Benedetto F., Valle R. D., Gruttadauria S., Jovine E., Boggi U., Vincenti L., Santambrogio R., Giuliani A., Torzilli G., Zimmiti G., Brolese A., Belli A., Ravaioli M., Frena A., Rossi G. E., Grazi G. L., Zamboni F., Berti S., Calise F., Massani M., Morelli L., Filauro M., Tisone G., Coratti A., Navarra G., Romito R., Ceccarelli G., Belli G., Griseri G., Antonucci A., Mezzatesta P., Veneroni L., Schiavo M., Colledan M., Parisi A., Guerriero S., Spada M., Batignani G., Sgroi G., Floridi P., Boni L., Maida P., Ribero D., and La Barba G.

Abstract

Background/Purpose: Quality measures in surgery are important to establish appropriate levels of care and to develop improvement strategies. The purpose of this study was to provide risk-adjusted outcome measures after laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). Methods: Data from a prospective, multicenter database involving 4318 patients submitted to LLRs in 41 hospitals from an intention-to-treat approach (2014–2020) were used to analyze heterogeneity (I2) among centers and to develop a risk-adjustment model on outcome measures through multivariable mixed-effect models to account for confounding due to case-mix. Results: Involved hospitals operated on very different patients: the largest heterogeneity was observed for operating in the presence of previous abdominal surgery (I2:79.1%), in cirrhotic patients (I2:89.3%) suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma (I2:88.6%) or requiring associated intestinal resections (I2:82.8%) and in regard to technical complexity (I2 for the most complex LLRs: 84.1%). These aspects determined substantial or large heterogeneity in overall morbidity (I2:84.9%), in prolonged in-hospital stay (I2:86.9%) and in conversion rate (I2:73.4%). Major complication had medium heterogeneity (I2:46.5%). The heterogeneity of mortality was null. Risk-adjustment accounted for all of this variability and the final risk-standardized conversion rate was 8.9%, overall morbidity was 22.1%, major morbidity was 5.1% and prolonged in-hospital stay was 26.0%. There were no outliers among the 41 participating centers. An online tool was provided. Conclusions: A benchmark for LLRs including all eligible patients was provided, suggesting that surgeons can act accordingly in the interest of the patient, modifying their approach in relation to different indications and different experience, but finally providing the same quality of care.

Published
2022

26. Liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis: A multicenter Italian study

Author

Germani, G, Angrisani, D, Addolorato, G, Merli, M, Mazzarelli, C, Tarli, C, Lattanzi, B, Panariello, A, Prandoni, P, Craxi, L, Forza, G, Feltrin, A, Ronzan, A, Feltracco, P, Grieco, A, Agnes, S, Gasbarrini, A, Rossi, M, De Carlis, L, Francesco, D, Cillo, U, Belli, L, Burra, P, Germani G., Angrisani D., Addolorato G., Merli M., Mazzarelli C., Tarli C., Lattanzi B., Panariello A., Prandoni P., Craxi L., Forza G., Feltrin A., Ronzan A., Feltracco P., Grieco A., Agnes S., Gasbarrini A., Rossi M., De Carlis L., Francesco D., Cillo U., Belli L. S., Burra P., Germani, G, Angrisani, D, Addolorato, G, Merli, M, Mazzarelli, C, Tarli, C, Lattanzi, B, Panariello, A, Prandoni, P, Craxi, L, Forza, G, Feltrin, A, Ronzan, A, Feltracco, P, Grieco, A, Agnes, S, Gasbarrini, A, Rossi, M, De Carlis, L, Francesco, D, Cillo, U, Belli, L, Burra, P, Germani G., Angrisani D., Addolorato G., Merli M., Mazzarelli C., Tarli C., Lattanzi B., Panariello A., Prandoni P., Craxi L., Forza G., Feltrin A., Ronzan A., Feltracco P., Grieco A., Agnes S., Gasbarrini A., Rossi M., De Carlis L., Francesco D., Cillo U., Belli L. S., and Burra P.

Abstract

There is increasing evidence that early liver transplantation (eLT), performed within standardized protocols can improve survival in severe alcoholic hepatitis (sAH). The aim of the study was to assess outcomes after eLT for sAH in four Italian LT centers and to compare them with non-responders to medical therapy excluded from eLT. Patients admitted for sAH (2013–2019), according to NIAAA criteria, were included. Patients not responding to medical therapy were placed on the waiting list for eLT after a strict selection. Histological features of explanted livers were evaluated. Posttransplant survival and alcohol relapse were evaluated. Ninety-three patients with severe AH were evaluated (65.6% male, median [IQR] age: 47 [42–56] years). Forty-five of 93 patients received corticosteroids, 52 of 93 were non-responders and among these, 20 patients were waitlisted. Sixteen patients underwent LT. Overall, 6-, 12-, and 24-month survival rates were 100% significantly higher compared with non-responders to medical therapy who were denied LT (45%, 45%, and 36%; p <.001). 2/16 patients resumed alcohol intake, one at 164 days and one at 184 days. Early LT significantly improves survival in sAH non-responding to medical therapy, when a strict selection process is applied. Further studies are needed to properly assess alcohol relapse rates.

Published
2022

27. Impact of MELD 30-allocation policy on liver transplant outcomes in Italy

Author

Ravaioli, M, Lai, Q, Sessa, M, Ghinolfi, D, Fallani, G, Patrono, D, Di Sandro, S, Avolio, A, Odaldi, F, Bronzoni, J, Tandoi, F, De Carlis, R, Pascale, M, Mennini, G, Germinario, G, Rossi, M, Agnes, S, De Carlis, L, Cescon, M, Romagnoli, R, De Simone, P, Ravaioli M., Lai Q., Sessa M., Ghinolfi D., Fallani G., Patrono D., Di Sandro S., Avolio A., Odaldi F., Bronzoni J., Tandoi F., De Carlis R., Pascale M. M., Mennini G., Germinario G., Rossi M., Agnes S., De Carlis L., Cescon M., Romagnoli R., De Simone P., Ravaioli, M, Lai, Q, Sessa, M, Ghinolfi, D, Fallani, G, Patrono, D, Di Sandro, S, Avolio, A, Odaldi, F, Bronzoni, J, Tandoi, F, De Carlis, R, Pascale, M, Mennini, G, Germinario, G, Rossi, M, Agnes, S, De Carlis, L, Cescon, M, Romagnoli, R, De Simone, P, Ravaioli M., Lai Q., Sessa M., Ghinolfi D., Fallani G., Patrono D., Di Sandro S., Avolio A., Odaldi F., Bronzoni J., Tandoi F., De Carlis R., Pascale M. M., Mennini G., Germinario G., Rossi M., Agnes S., De Carlis L., Cescon M., Romagnoli R., and De Simone P.

Abstract

Background & Aims: In Italy, since August 2014, liver transplant (LT) candidates with model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores ≥30 receive national allocation priority. This multicenter cohort study aims to evaluate time on the waiting list, dropout rate, and graft survival before and after introducing the macro-area sharing policy. Methods: A total of 4,238 patients registered from 2010 to 2018 were enrolled and categorized into an ERA-1 Group (n = 2,013; before August 2014) and an ERA-2 Group (n = 2,225; during and after August 2014). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of receiving a LT or death between the two eras. The Fine-Gray model was used to estimate the HR for dropout from the waiting list and graft loss, considering death as a competing risk event. A Fine-Gray model was also used to estimate risk factors of graft loss. Results: Patients with MELD ≥30 had a lower median time on the waiting list (4 vs.12 days, p <0.001) and a higher probability of being transplanted (HR 2.27; 95% CI 1.78–2.90; p = 0.001) in ERA-2 compared to ERA-1. The subgroup analysis on 3,515 LTs confirmed ERA-2 (odds ratio 0.56; 95% CI 0.46–0.68; p = 0.001) as a protective factor for better graft survival rate. The protective variables for lower dropouts on the waiting list were: ERA-2, high-volume centers, no competition centers, male recipients, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The protective variables for graft loss were high-volume center and ERA-2, while MELD ≥30 remained related to a higher risk of graft loss. Conclusions: The national MELD ≥30 priority allocation was associated with improved patient outcomes, although MELD ≥30 was associated with a higher risk of graft loss. Transplant center volumes and competition among centers may have a role in recipient prioritization and outcomes. Clinical trial number: NCT04530240 Lay summary: Italy introduced a new policy in 2014 to give national allocation priority to patients with a mo

Published
2022

28. Pure laparoscopic versus robotic liver resections: Multicentric propensity score-based analysis with stratification according to difficulty scores

Author

Cipriani, F, Fiorentini, G, Magistri, P, Fontani, A, Menonna, F, Annecchiarico, M, Lauterio, A, De Carlis, L, Coratti, A, Boggi, U, Ceccarelli, G, Di Benedetto, F, Aldrighetti, L, Cipriani F., Fiorentini G., Magistri P., Fontani A., Menonna F., Annecchiarico M., Lauterio A., De Carlis L., Coratti A., Boggi U., Ceccarelli G., Di Benedetto F., Aldrighetti L., Cipriani, F, Fiorentini, G, Magistri, P, Fontani, A, Menonna, F, Annecchiarico, M, Lauterio, A, De Carlis, L, Coratti, A, Boggi, U, Ceccarelli, G, Di Benedetto, F, Aldrighetti, L, Cipriani F., Fiorentini G., Magistri P., Fontani A., Menonna F., Annecchiarico M., Lauterio A., De Carlis L., Coratti A., Boggi U., Ceccarelli G., Di Benedetto F., and Aldrighetti L.

Abstract

Background: The benefits of pure laparoscopic and robot-assisted liver resections (LLR and RALR) are known in comparison to open surgery. The aim of the present retrospective comparative study is to investigate the role of RALR and LLR according to different levels of difficulty. Methods: The institutional databases of six high-volume hepatobiliary centers were retrospectively reviewed. The study population was divided in two groups: LLR and RALR. The procedures were stratified for difficulty levels accordingly to three classifications. A propensity score matching was implemented to mitigate selection bias. Short-term outcomes were the object of comparison. Results: Nine hundred and thirty-six LLR and 403 RALR were collected. RALR exhibited fewer cases of intraoperative blood loss, lower transfusion and conversion rates (especially for oncological radicality) than LLR in the setting of highly difficult operations, whereas LLR had lower postoperative morbidity and fewer low-grade complications. For intermediate and low-difficulty resections, the intraoperative advantages of RALR gradually decreased to nonsignificant results and LLR remained associated with lower postoperative morbidity. Conclusion: Robot-assisted liver resections do not show operative nor clinically significant benefits over LLR for low- and intermediate-difficulty resections. By reducing conversion rates, RALR can favour the operative feasibility of difficult resections possibly extending the indications of minimally invasive approaches for liver resection.

Published
2022

29. New-Onset Antibodies to Platelet Factor 4 Following Liver Transplantation From a Donor With Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia

Author

Valsecchi, M, Lauterio, A, Crocchiolo, R, De Carlis, R, Pugliano, M, Centonze, L, Ferla, F, Zaniboni, M, Veronese, S, Podda, G, Belli, L, Rossini, S, De Carlis, L, Fumagalli, R, Valsecchi M., Lauterio A., Crocchiolo R., De Carlis R., Pugliano M., Centonze L., Ferla F., Zaniboni M., Veronese S., Podda G. M., Belli L., Rossini S., De Carlis L., Fumagalli R., Valsecchi, M, Lauterio, A, Crocchiolo, R, De Carlis, R, Pugliano, M, Centonze, L, Ferla, F, Zaniboni, M, Veronese, S, Podda, G, Belli, L, Rossini, S, De Carlis, L, Fumagalli, R, Valsecchi M., Lauterio A., Crocchiolo R., De Carlis R., Pugliano M., Centonze L., Ferla F., Zaniboni M., Veronese S., Podda G. M., Belli L., Rossini S., De Carlis L., and Fumagalli R.

Published
2022

30. Portal Steal Syndrome From a Large Linton’s Splenorenal Shunt after Liver Transplantation: Successful Endovascular Management Through Off-Label Application of a 30 mm Amplatzer Cardiac Plug

Author

Centonze, L, Vella, I, Morelli, F, Checchini, G, De Carlis, R, Rampoldi, A, Lauterio, A, Andorno, E, De Carlis, L, Centonze L., Vella I., Morelli F., Checchini G., De Carlis R., Rampoldi A., Lauterio A., Andorno E., De Carlis L., Centonze, L, Vella, I, Morelli, F, Checchini, G, De Carlis, R, Rampoldi, A, Lauterio, A, Andorno, E, De Carlis, L, Centonze L., Vella I., Morelli F., Checchini G., De Carlis R., Rampoldi A., Lauterio A., Andorno E., and De Carlis L.

Abstract

A 34-year-old patient underwent liver transplantation for progressive hepatic failure in the setting of congenital hepatic fibrosis. In past medical history, the patient had undergone splenectomy with proximal Linton’s splenorenal surgical shunt creation for symptomatic portal hypertension with hypersplenism. The patient developed an early allograft dysfunction, with radiologic evidence of a reduced portal flow associated to portal steal from the patent surgical shunt. The patient was successfully treated through endovascular placement of a 30 mm Amplatzer cardiac plug at the origin of the splenic vein.

Published
2022

31. Major hepatectomy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma in elderly patients: is it reasonable?

Author

Ripamonti, L, De Carlis, R, Lauterio, A, Mangoni, I, Frassoni, S, Bagnardi, V, Centonze, L, Poli, C, Buscemi, V, Ferla, F, De Carlis, L, Ripamonti L., De Carlis R., Lauterio A., Mangoni I., Frassoni S., Bagnardi V., Centonze L., Poli C., Buscemi V., Ferla F., De Carlis L., Ripamonti, L, De Carlis, R, Lauterio, A, Mangoni, I, Frassoni, S, Bagnardi, V, Centonze, L, Poli, C, Buscemi, V, Ferla, F, De Carlis, L, Ripamonti L., De Carlis R., Lauterio A., Mangoni I., Frassoni S., Bagnardi V., Centonze L., Poli C., Buscemi V., Ferla F., and De Carlis L.

Abstract

Introduction: We sought to evaluate the effect of age on postoperative outcomes among patients undergoing major liver surgery for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCC). Methods: 77 patients were included. Patients were categorized into two groups: the “< 70-year-olds” group (n = 54) and the “≥ 70-year-olds” group (n = 23). Results: Median LOS was 19 both for < 70-year-old group and ≥ 70-year-old group (P = 0.72). No differences in terms of severe complication were detected (44.4% Clavien–Dindo 3–4–5 in < 70-year-old group vs 47.8% in ≥ 70-year-old group, P = 0.60). Within 90 postoperative days, 11 patients died, 6 in < 70-year-old group (11.3%) and 5 in ≥ 70-year-old group (21.7%), P = 0.29. The median follow‐up was 20 months. The death rate was 72.2% and 78.3% among patients < 70 years old and ≥ 70 years old. The OS at 2 and 5 years was significantly higher among the < 70 years old (57.0% and 27.7%) compared to the ≥ 70 years old (27.1% and 13.6%), P = 0.043. Adjusting for hypertension and Charlson comorbidity index in a multivariate analysis, the HR for age was 1.93 (95% CI 0.84–4.44), P = 0.12. Relapse occurred in 43 (81.1%) patients in the < 70-year-old group and in 19 (82.6%) patients in the ≥ 70-year-old group. DFS at 12, 24, and 36 months was, respectively, 59.6, 34.2, and 23.2 for the < 70 -year-old group and 32.5, 20.3, and 13.5 for the ≥ 70-year-old group (P = 0.26). Adjusting for hypertension and Charlson comorbidity index in a Cox model, the HR for age was 1.52 (95% CI 0.67–3.46), with P = 0.32. Conclusions: ≥ 70-year-old patients with PHCC can still be eligible for major liver resection with acceptable complication rates and should not be precluded a priori from a radical treatment.

Published
2022

32. Technical feasibility and short-term outcomes of laparoscopic isolated caudate lobe resection: an IgoMILS (Italian Group of Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery) registry-based study

Author

Ruzzenente, A, Ciangherotti, A, Aldrighetti, L, Ettorre, G, De Carlis, L, Ferrero, A, Dalla Valle, R, Tisone, G, Guglielmi, A, Ratti, F, Gringeri, E, Russolillo, N, Campagnaro, T, Conci, S, Sandri, G, Ardito, F, Boggi, U, Gruttadauria, S, Vigano, L, Di Benedetto, F, Rossi, G, Berti, S, Ceccarelli, G, Vincenti, L, Cillo, U, Giuliante, F, Mazzaferro, V, Jovine, E, Calise, F, Belli, G, Zamboni, F, Coratti, A, Mezzatesta, P, Santambrogio, R, Navarra, G, Giuliani, A, Ferla, F, Pinna, A, Parisi, A, Colledan, M, Slim, A, Antonucci, A, Grazi, G, Frena, A, Sgroi, G, Brolese, A, Morelli, L, Floridi, A, Patriti, A, Veneroni, L, Boni, L, Maida, P, Griseri, G, Filauro, M, Guerriero, S, Romito, R, Tedeschi, U, Zimmitti, G, Ruzzenente A., Ciangherotti A., Aldrighetti L., Ettorre G. M., De Carlis L., Ferrero A., Dalla Valle R., Tisone G., Guglielmi A., Ratti F., Gringeri E., Russolillo N., Campagnaro T., Conci S., Sandri G. B. L., Ardito F., Boggi U., Gruttadauria S., Vigano L., Di Benedetto F., Rossi G. E., Berti S., Ceccarelli G., Vincenti L., Cillo U., Giuliante F., Mazzaferro V., Jovine E., Calise F., Belli G., Zamboni F., Coratti A., Mezzatesta P., Santambrogio R., Navarra G., Giuliani A., Ferla F., Pinna A. D., Parisi A., Colledan M., Slim A., Antonucci A., Grazi G. L., Frena A., Sgroi G., Brolese A., Morelli L., Floridi A., Patriti A., Veneroni L., Boni L., Maida P., Griseri G., Filauro M., Guerriero S., Romito R., Tedeschi U., Zimmitti G., Ruzzenente, A, Ciangherotti, A, Aldrighetti, L, Ettorre, G, De Carlis, L, Ferrero, A, Dalla Valle, R, Tisone, G, Guglielmi, A, Ratti, F, Gringeri, E, Russolillo, N, Campagnaro, T, Conci, S, Sandri, G, Ardito, F, Boggi, U, Gruttadauria, S, Vigano, L, Di Benedetto, F, Rossi, G, Berti, S, Ceccarelli, G, Vincenti, L, Cillo, U, Giuliante, F, Mazzaferro, V, Jovine, E, Calise, F, Belli, G, Zamboni, F, Coratti, A, Mezzatesta, P, Santambrogio, R, Navarra, G, Giuliani, A, Ferla, F, Pinna, A, Parisi, A, Colledan, M, Slim, A, Antonucci, A, Grazi, G, Frena, A, Sgroi, G, Brolese, A, Morelli, L, Floridi, A, Patriti, A, Veneroni, L, Boni, L, Maida, P, Griseri, G, Filauro, M, Guerriero, S, Romito, R, Tedeschi, U, Zimmitti, G, Ruzzenente A., Ciangherotti A., Aldrighetti L., Ettorre G. M., De Carlis L., Ferrero A., Dalla Valle R., Tisone G., Guglielmi A., Ratti F., Gringeri E., Russolillo N., Campagnaro T., Conci S., Sandri G. B. L., Ardito F., Boggi U., Gruttadauria S., Vigano L., Di Benedetto F., Rossi G. E., Berti S., Ceccarelli G., Vincenti L., Cillo U., Giuliante F., Mazzaferro V., Jovine E., Calise F., Belli G., Zamboni F., Coratti A., Mezzatesta P., Santambrogio R., Navarra G., Giuliani A., Ferla F., Pinna A. D., Parisi A., Colledan M., Slim A., Antonucci A., Grazi G. L., Frena A., Sgroi G., Brolese A., Morelli L., Floridi A., Patriti A., Veneroni L., Boni L., Maida P., Griseri G., Filauro M., Guerriero S., Romito R., Tedeschi U., and Zimmitti G.

Abstract

Background: Although isolated caudate lobe (CL) liver resection is not a contraindication for minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS), feasibility and safety of the procedure are still poorly investigated. To address this gap, we evaluate data on the Italian prospective maintained database on laparoscopic liver surgery (IgoMILS) and compare outcomes between MILS and open group. Methods: Perioperative data of patients with malignancies, as colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), non-colorectal liver metastases (NCRLM) and benign liver disease, were retrospectively analyzed. A propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to balance the potential selection bias for MILS and open group. Results: A total of 224 patients were included in the study, 47 and 177 patients underwent MILS and open isolated CL resection, respectively. The overall complication rate was comparable between the two groups; however, severe complication rate (Dindo–Clavien grade ≥ 3) was lower in the MILS group (0% versus 6.8%, P = ns). In-hospital mortality was 0% in both groups and mean hospital stay was significantly shorter in the MILS group (P = 0.01). After selection of 42 MILS and 43 open CL resections by PSM analysis, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes remained similar except for the hospital stay which was not significantly shorter in MILS group. Conclusions: This multi-institutional cohort study shows that MILS CL resection is feasible and safe. The surgical procedure can be technically demanding compared to open resection, whereas good perioperative outcomes can be achieved in highly selected patients.

Published
2022

33. Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy: A Retrospective Bicentric Comparison of Learning Curves and Surgical Outcomes From 2 High-volume European Centers

Author

Centonze, L, Di Bella, C, Giacomoni, A, Silvestre, C, De Carlis, R, Frassoni, S, Franchin, B, Angrisani, M, Tuci, F, Di Bello, M, Bagnardi, V, Lauterio, A, Furian, L, De Carlis, L, Centonze, Leonardo, Di Bella, Caterina, Giacomoni, Alessandro, Silvestre, Cristina, De Carlis, Riccardo, Frassoni, Samuele, Franchin, Barbara, Angrisani, Marco, Tuci, Francesco, Di Bello, Marianna, Bagnardi, Vincenzo, Lauterio, Andrea, Furian, Lucrezia, De Carlis, Luciano, Centonze, L, Di Bella, C, Giacomoni, A, Silvestre, C, De Carlis, R, Frassoni, S, Franchin, B, Angrisani, M, Tuci, F, Di Bello, M, Bagnardi, V, Lauterio, A, Furian, L, De Carlis, L, Centonze, Leonardo, Di Bella, Caterina, Giacomoni, Alessandro, Silvestre, Cristina, De Carlis, Riccardo, Frassoni, Samuele, Franchin, Barbara, Angrisani, Marco, Tuci, Francesco, Di Bello, Marianna, Bagnardi, Vincenzo, Lauterio, Andrea, Furian, Lucrezia, and De Carlis, Luciano

Abstract

Background. Although laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) represents the gold-standard technique for kidney living donation, robotic donor nephrectomy (RDN) settled as another appealing minimally invasive technique over the past decades. A comparison between LDN and RDN outcomes was performed. Methods. RDN and LDN outcomes were compared, focusing on operative time and perioperative risk factors affecting surgery duration. Learning curves for both techniques were compared through spline regression and cumulative sum models. Results. The study analyzed 512 procedures (154 RDN and 358 LDN procedures) performed between 2010 and 2021 in 2 different high-volume transplant centers. The RDN group presented a higher prevalence of arterial variations (36.2 versus 22.4%; P = 0.001) compared with the LDN cohort. No open conversions occurred; operative time (210 versus 195 min; P = 0.011) and warm ischemia time (WIT; 230 versus 180 s; P < 0.001) were longer in RDN. Postoperative complication rate was similar (8.4% versus 11.5%; P = 0.49); the RDN group showed shorter hospital stay (4 versus 5 d; P < 0.001). Spline regression models depicted a faster learning curve in the RDN group (P = 0.0002). Accordingly, cumulative sum analysis highlighted a turning point after about 50 procedures among the RDN cohort and after about 100 procedures among the LDN group. Higher body mass index resulted as an independent risk factor for longer operative time for both techniques; multiple arteries significantly prolonged operative time in LDN, whereas RDN was longer in right kidney procurements; both procedures were equally shortened by growing surgical experience. Conclusions. RDN grants a faster learning curve and improves multiple vessel handling. Incidence of postoperative complications was low for both techniques.

Published
2023

34. Short and long-term outcomes after minimally invasive liver resection for single small hepatocellular carcinoma: An analysis of 714 patients from the IGoMILS (Italian group of minimally invasive liver surgery) registry

Author

Giuliante, Felice, Ratti, F., Panettieri, Elena, Mazzaferro, V., Guglielmi, A., Ettorre, G. M., Gruttadauria, S., Di Benedetto, F., Cillo, U., De Carlis, L., Dalla Valle, R., Ferrero, A., Santambrogio, R., Ardito, Francesco, Aldrighetti, L., Giuliante F. (ORCID:0000-0001-9517-8220), Panettieri E., Ardito F. (ORCID:0000-0003-1596-2862), Giuliante, Felice, Ratti, F., Panettieri, Elena, Mazzaferro, V., Guglielmi, A., Ettorre, G. M., Gruttadauria, S., Di Benedetto, F., Cillo, U., De Carlis, L., Dalla Valle, R., Ferrero, A., Santambrogio, R., Ardito, Francesco, Aldrighetti, L., Giuliante F. (ORCID:0000-0001-9517-8220), Panettieri E., and Ardito F. (ORCID:0000-0003-1596-2862)

Abstract

Background: Widespread use of minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS) contributed to the reduction of surgical risk of liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aim of this study was to analyze outcomes of MILS for single ≤3 cm HCC. Methods: Patients who underwent MILS for single ≤3 cm HCC (November 2014 - December 2019) were identified from the Italian Group of Minimally Invasive Liver Surgery (IGoMILS) Registry. Results: Of 714 patients included, 641 (93.0%) were Child-Pugh A; 65.7% were limited resections and 2.2% major resections, with a conversion rate of 5.2%. Ninety-day mortality rate was 0.3%. Overall morbidity rate was 22.4% (3.8% major complications). Mean postoperative stay was 5 days. Robotic resection showed longer operative time (p = 0.004) and a higher overall morbidity rate (p < 0.001), with similar major complications (p = 0.431). Child-Pugh B patients showed worse mortality (p = 0.017) and overall morbidity (p = 0.021), and longer postoperative stay (p = 0.005). Five-year overall survival was 79.5%; cirrhosis, satellite micronodules, and microvascular invasion were independently associated with survival. Conclusions: MILS for ≤3 cm HCC was associated with low morbidity and mortality rates, showing high safety, and supporting the increasing indications for surgical resection in these patients.

Published
2023

35. The role of intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of community-acquired West Nile virus encephalitis after liver transplantation

Author

Lauterio, A, De Carlis, R, Centonze, L, Merli, M, Valsecchi, M, Monti, G, Puoti, M, Fumagalli, R, De Carlis, L, Lauterio, Andrea, De Carlis, Riccardo, Centonze, Leonardo, Merli, Marco, Valsecchi, Mila, Monti, Gianpaola, Puoti, Massimo, Fumagalli, Roberto, De Carlis, Luciano, Lauterio, A, De Carlis, R, Centonze, L, Merli, M, Valsecchi, M, Monti, G, Puoti, M, Fumagalli, R, De Carlis, L, Lauterio, Andrea, De Carlis, Riccardo, Centonze, Leonardo, Merli, Marco, Valsecchi, Mila, Monti, Gianpaola, Puoti, Massimo, Fumagalli, Roberto, and De Carlis, Luciano

Published
2023

36. Clinical Impact of Spontaneous Portosystemic Shunts in Liver Transplantation: A Comprehensive Assessment Through Total Shunt Area Measurement

Author

Centonze, L, Gorga, G, De Carlis, R, Bernasconi, D, Lauterio, A, Carbonaro, L, Vella, I, Sgrazzutti, C, Incarbone, N, Rizzetto, F, Valsecchi, M, Vanzulli, A, De Carlis, L, Centonze, Leonardo, Gorga, Giovanna, De Carlis, Riccardo, Bernasconi, Davide, Lauterio, Andrea, Carbonaro, Luca, Vella, Ivan, Sgrazzutti, Cristiano, Incarbone, Niccolò, Rizzetto, Francesco, Valsecchi, Maria Grazia, Vanzulli, Angelo, De Carlis, Luciano, Centonze, L, Gorga, G, De Carlis, R, Bernasconi, D, Lauterio, A, Carbonaro, L, Vella, I, Sgrazzutti, C, Incarbone, N, Rizzetto, F, Valsecchi, M, Vanzulli, A, De Carlis, L, Centonze, Leonardo, Gorga, Giovanna, De Carlis, Riccardo, Bernasconi, Davide, Lauterio, Andrea, Carbonaro, Luca, Vella, Ivan, Sgrazzutti, Cristiano, Incarbone, Niccolò, Rizzetto, Francesco, Valsecchi, Maria Grazia, Vanzulli, Angelo, and De Carlis, Luciano

Abstract

Background. The impact of spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSSs) on natural history of cirrhotic patients was recently evaluated through the measurement of total shunt area (TSA), a novel tool that allows a comprehensive assessment of SPSSs extension, identifying a direct correlation of higher TSA with lower patient survival. The role of SPSSs in liver transplant (LT) is still debated: we sought to investigate the clinical impact of TSA on the development of early allograft dysfunction (EAD), acute kidney injury (AKI), postoperative complications, and graft and patient survival following LT. Methods. Preoperative imaging of 346 cirrhotic patients undergoing primary LT between 2015 and 2020 were retrospectively revised, recording the size and anatomy of each SPSS to calculate TSA. The impact of TSA and selected patient and donor characteristics on the development of EAD, AKI, and clinically relevant complications was evaluated through univariate and multivariate logistic regression, whereas their effect on graft and patient survival was investigated through Cox regression analysis. Results. A TSA exceeding 78.54 mm2resulted as an independent risk factor for the development of EAD (odds ratio [OR]: 2.327; P = 0.003), grade 3 AKI (OR: 2.093; P = 0.041), and clinically relevant complications (OR: 1.962; P = 0.015). Moreover, higher TSA was significantly related to early graft and patient survivals, emerging as an independent risk factor for 12-mo graft loss (hazard ratio: 3.877; P = 0.007) and patient death (hazard ratio: 2.682; P = 0.018). Conclusions. Higher TSA emerged as a significant risk factor for worse postoperative outcomes following LT, supporting the need for careful hemodynamic assessment and management of patients presenting multiple/larger shunts.

Published
2023

37. Utilization of livers donated after circulatory death for transplantation - An international comparison

Author

Eden, J, Da Silva, R, Cortes-Cerisuelo, M, Croome, K, De Carlis, R, Hessheimer, A, Muller, X, de Goeij, F, Banz, V, Magini, G, Compagnon, P, Elmer, A, Lauterio, A, Panconesi, R, Widmer, J, Dondossola, D, Muiesan, P, Monbaliu, D, de Rosner van Rosmalen, M, Detry, O, Fondevila, C, Jochmans, I, Pirenne, J, Immer, F, Oniscu, G, de Jonge, J, Lesurtel, M, De Carlis, L, Taner, C, Heaton, N, Schlegel, A, Dutkowski, P, Eden, Janina, Da Silva, Richard Sousa, Cortes-Cerisuelo, Miriam, Croome, Kristopher, De Carlis, Riccardo, Hessheimer, Amelia J, Muller, Xavier, de Goeij, Femke, Banz, Vanessa, Magini, Giulia, Compagnon, Philippe, Elmer, Andreas, Lauterio, Andrea, Panconesi, Rebecca, Widmer, Jeannette, Dondossola, Daniele, Muiesan, Paolo, Monbaliu, Diethard, de Rosner van Rosmalen, Marieke, Detry, Olivier, Fondevila, Constantino, Jochmans, Ina, Pirenne, Jacques, Immer, Franz, Oniscu, Gabriel C, de Jonge, Jeroen, Lesurtel, Mickaël, De Carlis, Luciano G, Taner, C Burcin, Heaton, Nigel, Schlegel, Andrea, Dutkowski, Philipp, Eden, J, Da Silva, R, Cortes-Cerisuelo, M, Croome, K, De Carlis, R, Hessheimer, A, Muller, X, de Goeij, F, Banz, V, Magini, G, Compagnon, P, Elmer, A, Lauterio, A, Panconesi, R, Widmer, J, Dondossola, D, Muiesan, P, Monbaliu, D, de Rosner van Rosmalen, M, Detry, O, Fondevila, C, Jochmans, I, Pirenne, J, Immer, F, Oniscu, G, de Jonge, J, Lesurtel, M, De Carlis, L, Taner, C, Heaton, N, Schlegel, A, Dutkowski, P, Eden, Janina, Da Silva, Richard Sousa, Cortes-Cerisuelo, Miriam, Croome, Kristopher, De Carlis, Riccardo, Hessheimer, Amelia J, Muller, Xavier, de Goeij, Femke, Banz, Vanessa, Magini, Giulia, Compagnon, Philippe, Elmer, Andreas, Lauterio, Andrea, Panconesi, Rebecca, Widmer, Jeannette, Dondossola, Daniele, Muiesan, Paolo, Monbaliu, Diethard, de Rosner van Rosmalen, Marieke, Detry, Olivier, Fondevila, Constantino, Jochmans, Ina, Pirenne, Jacques, Immer, Franz, Oniscu, Gabriel C, de Jonge, Jeroen, Lesurtel, Mickaël, De Carlis, Luciano G, Taner, C Burcin, Heaton, Nigel, Schlegel, Andrea, and Dutkowski, Philipp

Abstract

Background and aim: Liver graft utilization rates are a hot topic due to the worldwide organ shortage and an increasing number of transplant candidates on waiting lists. Liver perfusion techniques have been introduced in several countries, and may help to increase the organ supply, as they potentially allow the assessment of livers before use. Methods: Liver offers were counted from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors (Maastricht-type-III) arising during the past decade in eight countries, including Belgium, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, UK, and US. Initial DCD-type-III liver offers were correlated with accepted, recovered and implanted livers. Results: A total number of 34`269 DCD livers were offered, resulting in 9`780 liver transplants (28.5%). The discard rates were highest in UK and US, ranging between 70 and 80%. In contrast, much lower DCD liver discard rates, e.g., between 30-40%, were found in Belgium, France, Italy, Spain and Switzerland. In addition, large differences were recognized in the use of various machine perfusion techniques, and in terms of risk factors in the cohorts of implanted livers. For example, the median donor age and functional donor warm ischemia were highest in Italy, e.g., >40minutes, followed by Switzerland, France, and the Netherlands. Importantly, such varying risk profiles of accepted DCD livers between countries did not translate into large differences in five-year graft survival rates, which ranged between 60-82% in this analysis. Conclusions: We highlight a significant number of discarded and consequently unused DCD liver offers. Countries with more routine use of in- and ex-situ machine perfusion strategies showed better DCD utilization rates without compromised outcome. Impact and implications: A significant number of Maastricht type III DCD livers are discarded across Europe and North America today. The overall utilization rate among eight Western countries is 28.5%, but varies significant

Published
2023

38. Single Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma > 5 cm with Surgical Indication: Is it Mandatory a Major Hepatectomy? A Propensity-score Weighted Analysis

Author

Garancini, M., primary, Ferrero, A., additional, De Carlis, L., additional, Grazi, G.L., additional, Giuliante, F., additional, Cillo, U., additional, Cescon, M., additional, Valle, R. Dalla, additional, Vivarelli, M., additional, Torzilli, G., additional, Aldrighetti, L., additional, Romano, Fabrizio, additional, Donadon, Matteo, additional, Cipriani, Federica, additional, Serenari, Matteo, additional, Ardito, Francesco, additional, Lauterio, Andrea, additional, Vitale, Alessandro, additional, Fazio, Federico, additional, Nicolini, Daniele, additional, Perri, Pasquale, additional, Iaria, Giuseppe, additional, Famularo, Simone, additional, Dominioni, Tommaso, additional, Zanello, Matteo, additional, Lai, Quirino, additional, Conci, Simone, additional, Molfino, Sarah, additional, Ferrari, Cecilia, additional, Germani, Paola, additional, Scotti, Mauro Alessandro, additional, Zago, Mauro, additional, Zimmitti, Giuseppe, additional, La Barba Maurizio Romano, Giuliano, additional, Sciannamea, Ivano, additional, Fumagalli, Luca, additional, Troci, Albert, additional, Ferraro, Valentina, additional, Memeo, Riccardo, additional, Crespi, Michele, additional, Chiarelli, Marco, additional, Antonucci, Adelmo, additional, Zanus, Giacomo, additional, Ercolani, Giorgio, additional, Hilal, Moh’d Abu, additional, Pinotti, Enrico, additional, Tarchi, Paola, additional, Griseri, Guido, additional, Baiocchi, Gian Luca, additional, Ruzzenente, Andrea, additional, Rossi, Massimo, additional, Jovine, Elio, additional, and Maestri, Marcello, additional

Published
2023
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39. How useful is the machine perfusion in liver transplantation? An answer from a national survey

Author

Scalera, Irene, primary, De Carlis, R., additional, Patrono, D., additional, Gringeri, E., additional, Olivieri, T., additional, Pagano, D., additional, Lai, Q., additional, Rossi, M., additional, Gruttadauria, S., additional, Di Benedetto, F., additional, Cillo, U., additional, Romagnoli, R., additional, Lupo, L. G., additional, and De Carlis, L., additional

Published
2022
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40. A Bayesian methodology to improve prediction of early graft loss after liver transplantation derived from the Liver Match study

Author

Angelico, M., Cillo, U., Fagiuoli, S., Strazzabosco, M., Caraceni, P., Toniutto, P.L., Nanni Costa, A., Salizzoni, Torino M., Romagnoli, R., Bertolotti, G., Patrono, D., De Carlis, L., Slim, A., Mangoni, J.M.E., Rossi, G., Caccamo, L., Antonelli, B., Mazzaferro, V., Regalia, E., Sposito, C., Colledan, M., Corno, V., Tagliabue, F., Marin, S., Vitale, A., Gringeri, E., Donataccio, M., Donataccio, D., Baccarani, U., Lorenzin, D., Bitetto, D., Valente, U., Gelli, M., Cupo, P., Gerunda, G.E., Rompianesi, G., Pinna, A.D., Grazi, G.L., Cucchetti, A., Zanfi, C., Risaliti, A., Faraci, M.G., Tisone, G., Anselmo, A., Lenci, I., Sforza, D., Agnes, S., Di Mugno, M., Avolio, A.W., Ettorre, G.M., Miglioresi, L., Vennarecci, G., Berloco, P., Rossi, M., Ginanni Corradini, S., Molinaro, A., Calise, F., Scuderi, V., Cuomo, O., Migliaccio, C., Lupo, L., Notarnicola, G., Gridelli, B., Volpes, R., Li Petri, S., Zamboni, F., Carbotta, G., Dedola, S., Nardi, A., Marianelli, T., Gavrila, C., Ricci, A., Vespasiano, F., Angelico, Mario, Nardi, Alessandra, Romagnoli, Renato, Marianelli, Tania, Corradini, Stefano Ginanni, Tandoi, Francesco, Gavrila, Caius, Salizzoni, Mauro, Pinna, Antonio D., Cillo, Umberto, Gridelli, Bruno, De Carlis, Luciano G., Colledan, Michele, Gerunda, Giorgio E., Costa, Alessandro Nanni, and Strazzabosco, Mario

Published
2014
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41. Targeting CXCR1/2 Does Not Improve Insulin Secretion After Pancreatic Islet Transplantation: A Phase 3, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Type 1 Diabetes

Author

Maffi P., Lundgren T., Tufveson G., Rafael E., Shaw J. A. M., Liew A., Saudek F., Witkowski P., Golab K., Bertuzzi F., Gustafsson B., Daffonchio L., Ruffini P. A., Piemonti L., Nano R., Mercalli A., Lampasona V., Magistretti P., Sordi V., Antonio S., Antonioli B., Galuzzi M., Tosca M. C., De Carlis L., Colussi G., Korsgren O., Pollard H., Maffi, Paola, Lundgren, Torbjörn, Tufveson, Gunnar, Rafael, Ehab, Shaw, James A M, Liew, Aaron, Saudek, Frantisek, Witkowski, Piotr, Golab, Karolina, Bertuzzi, Federico, Gustafsson, Bengt, Daffonchio, Luisa, Ruffini, Pier Adelchi, Piemonti, Lorenzo, Maffi, P, Lundgren, T, Tufveson, G, Rafael, E, Shaw, J, Liew, A, Saudek, F, Witkowski, P, Golab, K, Bertuzzi, F, Gustafsson, B, Daffonchio, L, Ruffini, P, Piemonti, L, Nano, R, Mercalli, A, Lampasona, V, Magistretti, P, Sordi, V, Antonio, S, Antonioli, B, Galuzzi, M, Tosca, M, De Carlis, L, Colussi, G, Korsgren, O, and Pollard, H

Subjects
Male, Time Factors, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Islets of Langerhans Transplantation, Placebo-controlled study, Gastroenterology, Receptors, Interleukin-8B, Receptors, Interleukin-8A, law.invention, Placebos, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Insulin Secretion, Postoperative Period, 030212 general & internal medicine, Sulfonamides, geography.geographical_feature_category, Clinical Care/Education/Nutrition/Psychosocial Research, Area under the curve, Middle Aged, Islet, Combined Modality Therapy, Female, Immunosuppressive Agents, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Placebo, Drug Administration Schedule, Young Adult, Islets of Langerhans, 03 medical and health sciences, Double-Blind Method, Internal medicine, CXCR1/2, insulin secretion, pancreatic islet transplantation, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Aged, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, geography, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, medicine.disease, Transplantation, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Pancreatic islet transplantation, business
Abstract

OBJECTIVE Reparixin is an inhibitor of CXCR1/2 chemokine receptor shown to be an effective anti-inflammatory adjuvant in a pilot clinical trial in allotransplant recipients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-assignment study (NCT01817959) was conducted in recipients of islet allotransplants randomized (2:1) to reparixin or placebo in addition to immunosuppression. Primary outcome was the area under the curve (AUC) for C-peptide during the mixed-meal tolerance test at day 75 ± 5 after the first and day 365 ± 14 after the last transplant. Secondary end points included insulin independence and standard measures of glycemic control. RESULTS The intention-to-treat analysis did not show a significant difference in C-peptide AUC at both day 75 (27 on reparixin vs. 18 on placebo, P = 0.99) and day 365 (24 on reparixin vs. 15 on placebo, P = 0.71). There was no statistically significant difference between treatment groups at any time point for any secondary variable. Analysis of patient subsets showed a trend for a higher percentage of subjects retaining insulin independence for 1 year after a single islet infusion in patients receiving reparixin as compared with patients receiving placebo (26.7% vs. 0%, P = 0.09) when antithymocyte globulin was used as induction immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS In this first double-blind randomized trial, islet transplantation data obtained with reparixin do not support a role of CXCR1/2 inhibition in preventing islet inflammation-mediated damage.

Published
2020

42. Variations in risk-adjusted outcomes following 4318 laparoscopic liver resections

Author

Cucchetti, A., Aldrighetti, L., Ratti, F., Ferrero, A., Guglielmi, A., Giuliante, F., Cillo, U., Mazzaferro, V., De Carlis, L., Ercolani, G., Ettorre, G. M., di Benedetto, F., Valle, R. D., Gruttadauria, S., Jovine, E., Boggi, U., Vincenti, L., Santambrogio, R., Giuliani, A., Torzilli, G., Zimmiti, G., Brolese, A., Belli, A., Ravaioli, M., Frena, A., Rossi, G. E., Grazi, G. L., Zamboni, F., Berti, S., Calise, F., Massani, M., Morelli, L., Filauro, M., Tisone, G., Coratti, A., Navarra, G., Romito, R., Ceccarelli, G., Belli, G., Griseri, G., Antonucci, A., Mezzatesta, P., Veneroni, L., Schiavo, M., Colledan, M., Parisi, A., Guerriero, S., Spada, M., Batignani, G., Sgroi, G., Floridi, P., Boni, L., Maida, P., Ribero, D., La Barba, G., Cucchetti, A, Aldrighetti, L, Ratti, F, Ferrero, A, Guglielmi, A, Giuliante, F, Cillo, U, Mazzaferro, V, De Carlis, L, Ercolani, G, Ettorre, G, di Benedetto, F, Valle, R, Gruttadauria, S, Jovine, E, Boggi, U, Vincenti, L, Santambrogio, R, Giuliani, A, Torzilli, G, Zimmiti, G, Brolese, A, Belli, A, Ravaioli, M, Frena, A, Rossi, G, Grazi, G, Zamboni, F, Berti, S, Calise, F, Massani, M, Morelli, L, Filauro, M, Tisone, G, Coratti, A, Navarra, G, Romito, R, Ceccarelli, G, Belli, G, Griseri, G, Antonucci, A, Mezzatesta, P, Veneroni, L, Schiavo, M, Colledan, M, Parisi, A, Guerriero, S, Spada, M, Batignani, G, Sgroi, G, Floridi, P, Boni, L, Maida, P, Ribero, D, La Barba, G, Cucchetti, Alessandro, Aldrighetti, Luca, Ratti, Francesca, Ferrero, Alessandro, Guglielmi, Alfredo, Giuliante, Felice, Cillo, Umberto, Mazzaferro, Vincenzo, De Carlis, Luciano, and Ercolani, Giorgio

Subjects
Hepatology, mortality, morbidity, Liver Neoplasms, risk-adjustment, morbidity, laparoscopic liver resection, Length of Stay, mortality, Settore MED/18, Hepatectomy, Humans, Surgery, Laparoscopy, Prospective Studies, heterogeneity
Abstract

Background/Purpose: Quality measures in surgery are important to establish appropriate levels of care and to develop improvement strategies. The purpose of this study was to provide risk-adjusted outcome measures after laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). Methods: Data from a prospective, multicenter database involving 4318 patients submitted to LLRs in 41 hospitals from an intention-to-treat approach (2014–2020) were used to analyze heterogeneity (I2) among centers and to develop a risk-adjustment model on outcome measures through multivariable mixed-effect models to account for confounding due to case-mix. Results: Involved hospitals operated on very different patients: the largest heterogeneity was observed for operating in the presence of previous abdominal surgery (I2:79.1%), in cirrhotic patients (I2:89.3%) suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma (I2:88.6%) or requiring associated intestinal resections (I2:82.8%) and in regard to technical complexity (I2 for the most complex LLRs: 84.1%). These aspects determined substantial or large heterogeneity in overall morbidity (I2:84.9%), in prolonged in-hospital stay (I2:86.9%) and in conversion rate (I2:73.4%). Major complication had medium heterogeneity (I2:46.5%). The heterogeneity of mortality was null. Risk-adjustment accounted for all of this variability and the final risk-standardized conversion rate was 8.9%, overall morbidity was 22.1%, major morbidity was 5.1% and prolonged in-hospital stay was 26.0%. There were no outliers among the 41 participating centers. An online tool was provided. Conclusions: A benchmark for LLRs including all eligible patients was provided, suggesting that surgeons can act accordingly in the interest of the patient, modifying their approach in relation to different indications and different experience, but finally providing the same quality of care.

Published
2022

43. Current practice of normothermic regional perfusion and machine perfusion in donation after circulatory death liver transplants in Italy

Author

De Carlis, R., Lauterio, A., Centonze, L., Buscemi, V., Schlegel, A., Muiesan, P., De Carlis, L., Carraro, A., Ghinolfi, D., De Simone, P., Ravaioli, M., Cescon, M., Dondossola, D., Bongini, M., Mazzaferro, V., Pagano, D., Gruttadauria, S., Gringeri, E., Cillo, U., Patrono, D., Romagnoli, R., Camagni, S., Colledan, M., Olivieri, T., Di Benedetto, F., Vennarecci, G., Baccarani, U., Lai, Q., Rossi, M., Manzia, T. M., Tisone, G., Vivarelli, M., Scalera, I., Lupo, L. G., Andorno, E., Meniconi, R. L., Ettorre, G. M., Avolio, A. W., Agnes, S., Pellegrino, R. A., Zamboni, F., De Carlis, R, Lauterio, A, Centonze, L, Buscemi, V, Schlegel, A, Muiesan, P, De Carlis, L, Carraro, A, Ghinolfi, D, De Simone, P, Ravaioli, M, Cescon, M, Dondossola, D, Bongini, M, Mazzaferro, V, Pagano, D, Gruttadauria, S, Gringeri, E, Cillo, U, Patrono, D, Romagnoli, R, Camagni, S, Colledan, M, Olivieri, T, Di Benedetto, F, Vennarecci, G, Baccarani, U, Lai, Q, Rossi, M, Manzia, T, Tisone, G, Vivarelli, M, Scalera, I, Lupo, L, Andorno, E, Meniconi, R, Ettorre, G, Avolio, A, Agnes, S, Pellegrino, R, and Zamboni, F

Subjects
Warm ischemia, Hypothermic oxygenated perfusion, Ischemic-type biliary lesions, Liver preservation, Liver utilization, Graft Survival, Organ Preservation, Ischemic-type biliary lesion, Tissue Donors, Settore MED/18, Liver Transplantation, Perfusion, Humans, Surgery
Abstract

Background: Normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) and machine perfusion (MP) are variously used in many European centers to improve the outcomes after liver transplantation from donation after circulatory death (DCD). In Italy, a combination of NRP and subsequent MP has been used since the start of the activity. While NRP is mandatory for every DCD recovery, the subsequent use of MP is left to each center. Methods: We have designed a national survey to investigate practices and policies of these techniques. The questionnaire included 46 questions and was distributed to all the 21 Italian centers using an online form between June and July 2021. Results: The overall response rate was 100%. A local NRP program for controlled Maastricht type 3 DCD was active in 11/21 (52.4%) centers. Organization and availability of personnel were perceived as the main difficulties in starting such a program. Between 2015 and 2020, 119 DCD livers were transplanted, with an overall utilization rate of 69.2%. Pump flow and gross aspect were considered the most reliable parameters in liver selection during NRP. Eight (72.7%) centers adopted subsequent hypothermic MP, 1 (9.1%) center normothermic MP, and the remaining 2 (18.2%) used both MP types. Conclusion: This first snapshot survey shows that NRP with subsequent MP is the most used protocol in Italy for DCD livers, although some heterogeneity exists in the type and purpose of MP between centers. Overall, this policy ensures a high utilization rate, considering the high risk of the DCD donor population in Italy. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Published
2022

44. A retrospective single-centre analysis of the oncological impact of LI-RADS classification applied to Metroticket 2.0 calculator in liver transplantation : every nodule matters

Author

Centonze, L, Di Sandro, S, Lauterio, A, De Carlis, R, Sgrazzutti, C, Ciulli, C, Vella, I, Vicentin, I, Incarbone, N, Bagnardi, V, Vanzulli, A, De Carlis, L, Centonze L., Di Sandro S., Lauterio A., De Carlis R., Sgrazzutti C., Ciulli C., Vella I., Vicentin I., Incarbone N., Bagnardi V., Vanzulli A., De Carlis L., Centonze, L, Di Sandro, S, Lauterio, A, De Carlis, R, Sgrazzutti, C, Ciulli, C, Vella, I, Vicentin, I, Incarbone, N, Bagnardi, V, Vanzulli, A, De Carlis, L, Centonze L., Di Sandro S., Lauterio A., De Carlis R., Sgrazzutti C., Ciulli C., Vella I., Vicentin I., Incarbone N., Bagnardi V., Vanzulli A., and De Carlis L.

Abstract

Although the diagnostic value of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) protocol is well recognized in clinical practice, its role in liver transplant (LT) setting is under-explored. We sought to evaluate the oncological impact of LI-RADS classification applied to Metroticket 2.0 calculator in a single-centre retrospective cohort of transplanted hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, exploring which LI-RADS subclasses need to be considered in order to grant the best Metroticket 2.0 performance. The most recent pre-LT imaging of 245 patients undergoing LT for HCC between 2005 and 2015 was retrospectively and blindly reviewed, classifying all nodules according to LI-RADS protocol. Metroticket 2.0 accuracy was subsequently tested incorporating all vital nodules identified during multi-disciplinary team (MDT) meetings attended before LI-RADS reclassification of the latest pre-LT imaging, LR-5 and LR-treatment-viable (LR-TR-V), LR-4/5 and LR-TR-V, and LR-3/4/5 and LR-TR-V nodules respectively. Considering their extremely low probability for harbouring HCC, LR-1 and LR-2 nodules were not considered in this analysis. Incorporation of all HCCs identified during MDT meetings attended before LI-RADS reclassification of the latest pre-LT imaging resulted in a Metroticket 2.0 c-index of 0.72, [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64–0.80]. Metroticket 2.0 c-index dropped to 0.60 [95% CI: 0.48–0.72] when LI-RADS-5 and LI-RADS-TR-V (P = 0.0089) or LI-RADS-5, LI-RADS-4 and LI-RADS-TR-V (P = 0.0068) nodules were entered in the calculator. Conversely, addition of LI-RADS-3 HCCs raised the Metroticket 2.0 c-index to 0.65 [95% CI: 0.54–0.86], resulting in a not statistically significant diversion from the original performance (0.72 vs. 0.65; P = 0.08). Exclusion of LR-3 and LR-4 nodules from Metroticket 2.0 calculator resulted in a significant drop in its accuracy. Every nodule with an intermediate-to-high probability of harbouring HCC according to

Published
2021

45. Correction to: Is minimally invasive liver surgery a reasonable option in recurrent HCC? A snapshot from the I Go MILS registry (Updates in Surgery, (2021), 10.1007/s13304-021-01161-w)

Author

Levi Sandri, G, Colasanti, M, Aldrighetti, L, Guglielmi, A, Cillo, U, Mazzaferro, V, Dalla Valle, R, De Carlis, L, Gruttadauria, S, Di Benedetto, F, Ferrero, A, Ettorre, G, Antonucci, A, Batignani, G, Belli, G, Belli, A, Berti, S, Boggi, U, Bonsignore, P, Brolese, A, Calise, F, Ceccarelli, G, Cecconi, S, Colledan, M, Coratti, A, Ercolani, G, Ferla, F, Filauro, M, Floridi, A, Frena, A, Giuliani, A, Giuliante, F, Grazi, G, Gringeri, E, Griseri, G, Guerriero, S, Jovine, E, Magistri, P, Maida, P, Massani, M, Mezzatesta, P, Morelli, L, Russolillo, N, Navarra, G, Parisi, A, Patriti, A, Ravaioli, M, Ratti, F, Romito, R, Reggiani, P, Ruzzenente, A, Santambrogio, R, Berardi, G, Sgroi, G, Slim, A, Spada, M, Sposito, C, Tedeschi, U, Tisone, G, Torzilli, G, Veneroni, L, Vincenti, L, Zamboni, F, Zimmitti, G, Levi Sandri G. B., Colasanti M., Aldrighetti L., Guglielmi A., Cillo U., Mazzaferro V., Dalla Valle R., De Carlis L., Gruttadauria S., Di Benedetto F., Ferrero A., Ettorre G. M., Antonucci A., Batignani G., Belli G., Belli A., Berti S., Boggi U., Bonsignore P., Brolese A., Calise F., Ceccarelli G., Cecconi S., Colledan M., Coratti A., Ercolani G., Ferla F., Filauro M., Floridi A., Frena A., Giuliani A., Giuliante F., Grazi G. L., Gringeri E., Griseri G., Guerriero S., Jovine E., Magistri P., Maida P., Massani M., Mezzatesta P., Morelli L., Russolillo N., Navarra G., Parisi A., Patriti A., Ravaioli M., Ratti F., Romito R., Reggiani P., Ruzzenente A., Santambrogio R., Berardi G., Sgroi G., Slim A., Spada M., Sposito C., Tedeschi U., Tisone G., Torzilli G., Veneroni L., Vincenti L., Zamboni F., Zimmitti G., Levi Sandri, G, Colasanti, M, Aldrighetti, L, Guglielmi, A, Cillo, U, Mazzaferro, V, Dalla Valle, R, De Carlis, L, Gruttadauria, S, Di Benedetto, F, Ferrero, A, Ettorre, G, Antonucci, A, Batignani, G, Belli, G, Belli, A, Berti, S, Boggi, U, Bonsignore, P, Brolese, A, Calise, F, Ceccarelli, G, Cecconi, S, Colledan, M, Coratti, A, Ercolani, G, Ferla, F, Filauro, M, Floridi, A, Frena, A, Giuliani, A, Giuliante, F, Grazi, G, Gringeri, E, Griseri, G, Guerriero, S, Jovine, E, Magistri, P, Maida, P, Massani, M, Mezzatesta, P, Morelli, L, Russolillo, N, Navarra, G, Parisi, A, Patriti, A, Ravaioli, M, Ratti, F, Romito, R, Reggiani, P, Ruzzenente, A, Santambrogio, R, Berardi, G, Sgroi, G, Slim, A, Spada, M, Sposito, C, Tedeschi, U, Tisone, G, Torzilli, G, Veneroni, L, Vincenti, L, Zamboni, F, Zimmitti, G, Levi Sandri G. B., Colasanti M., Aldrighetti L., Guglielmi A., Cillo U., Mazzaferro V., Dalla Valle R., De Carlis L., Gruttadauria S., Di Benedetto F., Ferrero A., Ettorre G. M., Antonucci A., Batignani G., Belli G., Belli A., Berti S., Boggi U., Bonsignore P., Brolese A., Calise F., Ceccarelli G., Cecconi S., Colledan M., Coratti A., Ercolani G., Ferla F., Filauro M., Floridi A., Frena A., Giuliani A., Giuliante F., Grazi G. L., Gringeri E., Griseri G., Guerriero S., Jovine E., Magistri P., Maida P., Massani M., Mezzatesta P., Morelli L., Russolillo N., Navarra G., Parisi A., Patriti A., Ravaioli M., Ratti F., Romito R., Reggiani P., Ruzzenente A., Santambrogio R., Berardi G., Sgroi G., Slim A., Spada M., Sposito C., Tedeschi U., Tisone G., Torzilli G., Veneroni L., Vincenti L., Zamboni F., and Zimmitti G.

Abstract

In the originally published article the co-author first name and last name was interchanged. The correct name is copied below Salvatore Gruttadauria The original article has been updated.

Published
2021

46. Impact of immunosuppressive therapy on the severity of COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients

Author

Merli, M, Pasulo, L, Perricone, G, Travi, G, Rossotti, R, Colombo, V, De Carlis, R, Chiappetta, S, Moioli, M, Minetti, E, Frigerio, M, De Carlis, L, Belli, L, Fagiuoli, S, Puoti, M, Merli M., Pasulo L., Perricone G., Travi G., Rossotti R., Colombo V. G., De Carlis R., Chiappetta S., Moioli M. C., Minetti E., Frigerio M., De Carlis L. G., Belli L., Fagiuoli S., Puoti M., Merli, M, Pasulo, L, Perricone, G, Travi, G, Rossotti, R, Colombo, V, De Carlis, R, Chiappetta, S, Moioli, M, Minetti, E, Frigerio, M, De Carlis, L, Belli, L, Fagiuoli, S, Puoti, M, Merli M., Pasulo L., Perricone G., Travi G., Rossotti R., Colombo V. G., De Carlis R., Chiappetta S., Moioli M. C., Minetti E., Frigerio M., De Carlis L. G., Belli L., Fagiuoli S., and Puoti M.

Published
2021

48. Is It Just a Matter of Surgical Extension to Achieve the Cure of Hepatocarcinoma? A Meta-Analysis of Propensity-Matched and Randomized Studies for Anatomic Versus Parenchyma-Sparing Liver Resection

Author

Famularo, S, Ceresoli, M, Giani, A, Ciulli, C, Pinotti, E, Romano, F, Braga, M, De Carlis, L, Gianotti, L, Famularo S., Ceresoli M., Giani A., Ciulli C., Pinotti E., Romano F., Braga M., De Carlis L., Gianotti L., Famularo, S, Ceresoli, M, Giani, A, Ciulli, C, Pinotti, E, Romano, F, Braga, M, De Carlis, L, Gianotti, L, Famularo S., Ceresoli M., Giani A., Ciulli C., Pinotti E., Romano F., Braga M., De Carlis L., and Gianotti L.

Abstract

Background: The benefit of anatomic (AR) versus parenchyma-sparing resection (PSR) in hepatocarcinoma (HCC) is still debated. The aim of the study was to compare AR vs. PSR in terms of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Methods: A systematic review was conducted using Medline and Google Scholar. To reduce intra- and inter-study heterogeneity, only propensity-matched studies and randomized clinical trials (RCT) were evaluated and a generic inverse variance meta-analysis was run. A sub-analysis was performed in case of tumor microvascular invasion (MVI). Results: Eleven propensity-matched and one RCT were evaluated, with a total of 3445 patients (AR = 1776 and PSR = 1669). Tumor burden and liver function were comparable among studies (I2 < 50%, p > 0.5). OS was similar between AR and PSR (HR 0.93; 95%CI, 0.75–1.15; p = 0.50, I2 = 41%). DFS was improved in AR at 1 year (RR 0.84; 95%CI, 0.72–0.97; p = 0.02; I2 = 36%) and 3 years (RR 0.90; 95%CI, 0.83–0.98; p = 0.02; I2 = 40%) but not at 5 years (RR 0.94; 95%CI, 0.87–1.01; p = 0.07; I2 = 41%). Furthermore, in the presence of MVI, no difference in OS and DFS was observed between AR and PSR. Conclusion: When liver function and tumor burden are comparable, AR and PSR achieved similar overall survival. AR improved local control in the early period after surgery. Furthermore, in the presence of MVI, the extension of surgery was not associated with better OS and DFS.

Published
2021

49. Effect of Diameter and Number of Hepatocellular Carcinomas on Survival After Resection, Transarterial Chemoembolization, and Ablation

Author

Kawaguchi, Y, Hasegawa, K, Hagiwara, Y, De Bellis, M, Famularo, S, Panettieri, E, Matsuyama, Y, Tateishi, R, Ichikawa, T, Kokudo, T, Izumi, N, Kubo, S, Sakamoto, M, Shiina, S, Takayama, T, Nakashima, O, Murakami, T, Vauthey, J, Giuliante, F, De Carlis, L, Romano, F, Ruzzenente, A, Guglielmi, A, Kudo, M, Kokudo, N, Kawaguchi Y., Hasegawa K., Hagiwara Y., De Bellis M., Famularo S., Panettieri E., Matsuyama Y., Tateishi R., Ichikawa T., Kokudo T., Izumi N., Kubo S., Sakamoto M., Shiina S., Takayama T., Nakashima O., Murakami T., Vauthey J. -N., Giuliante F., De Carlis L., Romano F., Ruzzenente A., Guglielmi A., Kudo M., Kokudo N., Kawaguchi, Y, Hasegawa, K, Hagiwara, Y, De Bellis, M, Famularo, S, Panettieri, E, Matsuyama, Y, Tateishi, R, Ichikawa, T, Kokudo, T, Izumi, N, Kubo, S, Sakamoto, M, Shiina, S, Takayama, T, Nakashima, O, Murakami, T, Vauthey, J, Giuliante, F, De Carlis, L, Romano, F, Ruzzenente, A, Guglielmi, A, Kudo, M, Kokudo, N, Kawaguchi Y., Hasegawa K., Hagiwara Y., De Bellis M., Famularo S., Panettieri E., Matsuyama Y., Tateishi R., Ichikawa T., Kokudo T., Izumi N., Kubo S., Sakamoto M., Shiina S., Takayama T., Nakashima O., Murakami T., Vauthey J. -N., Giuliante F., De Carlis L., Romano F., Ruzzenente A., Guglielmi A., Kudo M., and Kokudo N.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Most studies predicting survival after resection, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), and ablation analyzed diameter and number of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) as dichotomous variables, resulting in an underestimation of risk variation. We aimed to develop and validate a new prognostic model for patients with HCC using largest diameter and number of HCCs as continuous variables. METHODS: The prognostic model was developed using data from patients undergoing resection, TACE, and ablation in 645 Japanese institutions. The model results were shown after balanced using the inverse probability of treatment-weighted analysis and were externally validated in an international multi-institution cohort. RESULTS: Of 77,268 patients, 43,904 patients, including 15,313 (34.9%) undergoing liver resection, 13,375 (30.5%) undergoing TACE, and 15,216 (34.7%) undergoing ablation, met the inclusion criteria. Our model (http://www.u-tokyo-hbp-transplant-surgery.jp/about/calculation.html) showed that the 5-year overall survival (OS) in patients with HCC undergoing these procedures decreased with progressive incremental increases in diameter and number of HCCs. For patients undergoing resection, the inverse probability of treatment-weighted-adjusted 5-year OS probabilities were 10%-20% higher compared with patients undergoing TACE for 1-6 HCC lesions <10 cm and were also 10%-20% higher compared with patients undergoing ablation when the HCC diameter was 2-3 cm. For patients undergoing resection and TACE, the model performed well in the external cohort. DISCUSSION: Our novel prognostic model performed well in predicting OS after resection and TACE for HCC and demonstrated that resection may have a survival benefit over TACE and ablation based on the diameter and number of HCCs.

Published
2021

50. Liver resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: Impact of biliary drainage failure on postoperative outcome. Results of an Italian multicenter study

Author

Giuliante, F, Ardito, F, Aldrighetti, L, Ferrero, A, Pinna, A, De Carlis, L, Cillo, U, Jovine, E, Portolani, N, Gruttadauria, S, Mazzaferro, V, Massani, M, Rosso, E, Ettorre, G, Ratti, F, Guglielmi, A, Cescon, M, Colasanti, M, Di Sandro, S, Gringeri, E, Russolillo, N, Ruzzenente, A, Sposito, C, Zanello, M, Zimmitti, G, Giuliante F., Ardito F., Aldrighetti L., Ferrero A., Pinna A. D., De Carlis L., Cillo U., Jovine E., Portolani N., Gruttadauria S., Mazzaferro V., Massani M., Rosso E., Ettorre G. M., Ratti F., Guglielmi A., Cescon M., Colasanti M., Di Sandro S., Gringeri E., Russolillo N., Ruzzenente A., Sposito C., Zanello M., Zimmitti G., Giuliante, F, Ardito, F, Aldrighetti, L, Ferrero, A, Pinna, A, De Carlis, L, Cillo, U, Jovine, E, Portolani, N, Gruttadauria, S, Mazzaferro, V, Massani, M, Rosso, E, Ettorre, G, Ratti, F, Guglielmi, A, Cescon, M, Colasanti, M, Di Sandro, S, Gringeri, E, Russolillo, N, Ruzzenente, A, Sposito, C, Zanello, M, Zimmitti, G, Giuliante F., Ardito F., Aldrighetti L., Ferrero A., Pinna A. D., De Carlis L., Cillo U., Jovine E., Portolani N., Gruttadauria S., Mazzaferro V., Massani M., Rosso E., Ettorre G. M., Ratti F., Guglielmi A., Cescon M., Colasanti M., Di Sandro S., Gringeri E., Russolillo N., Ruzzenente A., Sposito C., Zanello M., and Zimmitti G.

Abstract

Background: Preoperative biliary drainage may be essential to reduce the risk of postoperative liver failure after hepatectomy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma. However, infectious complications related to preoperative biliary drainage may increase the risk of postoperative mortality. The strategy and optimal drainage method continues to be controversial. Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter study including patients who underwent hepatectomy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma between 2000 and 2016 at 14 Italian referral hepatobiliary centers. The primary end point was to evaluate independent predictors for postoperative outcome in patients undergoing liver resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma after preoperative biliary drainage. Results: Of the 639 enrolled patients, 441 (69.0%) underwent preoperative biliary drainage. Postoperative mortality was 8.9% (12.5% after right-side hepatectomy versus 5.7% after left-side hepatectomy; P = .003). Of the patients, 40.5% underwent preoperative biliary drainage at the first admitting hospital, before evaluation at referral centers. Use of percutaneous preoperative biliary drainage was significantly more frequent at referral centers than at community hospitals where endoscopic preoperative biliary drainage was the most frequent type. The overall failure rate after preoperative biliary drainage was 43.3%, significantly higher at community hospitals than that at referral centers (52.7% v 36.9%; P = .002). Failure of the first preoperative biliary drainage was one of the strongest predictors for postoperative complications after right-side and left-side hepatectomies and for mortality after right-side hepatectomy. Type of preoperative biliary drainage (percutaneous versus endoscopic) was not associated with significantly different risk of mortality. Conclusion: Failure of preoperative biliary drainage was significantly more frequent at community hospitals and it was an independent predictor for postoperative outcome. Ce

Published
2021

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