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Additional file 3. Interview guide for healthcare professionals. An interview guide with topics to discuss during semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals.

Additional file 5. Probability cut-offvalues model 2. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, andnegative predictive value for low physical activity levels duringhospitalisation at a selection of consecutive cut-off points of the predictedprobability of model 2.

Additional file 1. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist. A checklist of items that should be included in reports of qualitative research as recommended by the COREQ.

Additional file 5. Barriers and enablers to physical activity behaviour in older adults during hospital stay presented per TDF domain. A complete overview (coding tree) of the TDF coding of all barriers and enablers as reported by patients and healthcare professionals.

Additional file 2. Performance of theprediction models. Model performance measures of the two prediction models forpredicting the probability of low physical activity levels duringhospitalisation for older adults admitted to a hospital with an acute medicalillness.

Additional file 1. TRIPOD checklistPrediction Model Development. Checklist for transparent reporting of amultivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD):The TRIPOD statement.

Additional file 2. Appendix 2

Additional file 1. Appendix 1

Additional file 1: Appendix I . Interview guide.

Additional file 4. Probability cut-offvalues model 1. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, andnegative predictive value for low physical activity levels duringhospitalisation at a selection of consecutive cut-off points of the predictedprobability of model 1.

Additional file 4. The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) with definitions and component constructs. A list of fourteen TDF domains and their definitions and component constructs.

Additional file 4. Appendix 4

Additional file 3. Calibration plots. Calibrationplots with the observed frequency of low physical activity levels by predictedprobability of model 1 and 2.

Additional file 3. Appendix 3

Additional file 1. PRISMA-ScR checklist. Completed PRISMA-ScR checklist for this scoping review.

Additional file 7. Enablers to physical activity during a hospital stay for acute care as reported by patients and healthcare professionals. Table presenting the enablers to physical activity.

Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder. The disease is characterized by typical motor symptoms, but nowadays the non-motor symptoms are considered the major determinant of quality of life. In October 2020 the new national guideline was published that also deals with the treatment of these aspects. This article discusses a number of therapies that are mentioned in the new guideline and provides recommendations for daily practice.

Additional file 2. Search terms. Presentation of the used search terms with databases.

Additional file 6. Barriers to physical activity during hospital stay for acute care as reported by patients and healthcare professionals. Table presenting the barriers to physical activity.

Additional file 3. The Theoretical Domains Framework with definitions and component constructs. Description of the definitions and component constructs of each TDF domain.

1.1. Background: Decreased quadriceps and hamstring strength is common even one year after a total knee arthroplasty. Hence, patients with persistent functional complaints treated at the Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+) received a progressive strength training program. 1.2. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the progressive strength training program on quadriceps and hamstring strength. 1.3. Methods: Patients were referred to the outpatient physical therapy department of MUMC+ and received a 6-week progressive strength training program. Their isokinetic quadriceps and hamstring strength and functional ability were assessed before and after the program. 1.4. Results: Men significantly improved in terms of all strength parameters assessed at an angular velocity of 60°/sec and 180°/sec. Women only improved their quadriceps strength at 180°/sec. No significant improvement at functional level was seen. 1.5. Conclusion: A 6-week progressive strength training program has a positive impact on the isokinetic quadriceps and hamstring strength in both men and women, but not on functional ability. 1.6. Level of Evidence: Level 3.

Most systematic reviews rely substantially on the assessment of the methodological quality of the individual trials. The aim of this study was to obtain consensus among experts about a set of generic core items for quality assessment of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The invited participants were experts in the field of quality assessment of RCTs. The initial item pool contained all items from existing criteria lists. Subsequently, we reduced the number of items by using the Delphi consensus technique. Each Delphi round comprised a questionnaire, an analysis, and a feedback report. The feedback report included staff team decisions made on the basis of the analysis and their justification. A total of 33 international experts agreed to participate, of whom 21 completed all questionnaires. The initial item pool of 206 items was reduced to 9 items in three Delphi rounds. The final criteria list (the Delphi list) was satisfactory to all participants. It is a starting point on the way to a minimum reference standard for RCTs on many different research topics. This list is not intended to replace, but rather to be used alongside, existing criteria lists.

Objective. To review English, French, German, and Dutch language studies of the effectiveness of balneotherapy. Balneotherapy (hydrotherapy or spa therapy) is one of the oldest forms of therapy for patients with arthritis. One of the aims of balneotherapy is to relieve pain. Methods. We performed a systematic review that included randomized and nonrandomized studies. Quality scores of the studies were determined using a criteria list. Results. Most studies report positive findings, but all studies showed methodological flaws. A quality of life measurement was never reported as an outcome measure. None of the randomized clinical trials included intention-to-treat analysis or comparison of effects between groups. Conclusion. Because of the methodological flaws a conclusion about the efficacy of balneotherapy cannot be provided from studies we reviewed. We conclude that most flaws found could be avoidable in future research.

Studies on low intensity 904 nm laser therapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders show conflicting results. Yet, on the basis of a systematic review we concluded that 904 nm laser therapy for musculoskeletal disorders seems to be promising, when compared to placebo laser therapy. Quick pain relief and fast functional recovery are reported to be the most prominent claims of laser therapy. This paper presents a rationale of choices regarding the patients and type of treatment when designing a randomized, double blind, clinical trial on 904 nm laser therapy, as well as safeguards concerning optimum dose, constancy of dose and double blinding the actual laser therapy.